See falwaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for falwaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (15.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fealu"
},
"expansion": "Old English: fealu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: fealu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "falwe",
"3": "falewe",
"4": "falow"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: falwe, falewe, falow",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: falwe, falewe, falow"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fallow"
},
"expansion": "English: fallow",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: fallow"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fallow",
"3": "fallaw",
"4": "fellow",
"5": "follow"
},
"expansion": "Scots: fallow, fallaw, fellow, follow",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: fallow, fallaw, fellow, follow"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*falo",
"3": "*falu"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *falo, *falu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *falo, *falu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "foal"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: foal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: foal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "feal"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: feal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: feal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "falu"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: falu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: falu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "fāle",
"3": "vāle",
"4": "fāl",
"5": "vāl"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: fāle, vāle, fāl, vāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: fāle, vāle, fāl, vāl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "fahl"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: fahl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: fahl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "falwisch",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Low German: falwisch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Low German: falwisch"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*falu"
},
"expansion": "Frankish: *falu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*falwa-"
},
"expansion": "*falwa-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Frankish: *falu (stem: *falwa-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*falo"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *falo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *falo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "vāle",
"3": "vālu"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: vāle, vālu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: vāle, vālu"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vaal"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: vaal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: vaal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "falvus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Medieval Latin: falvus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Medieval Latin: falvus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "falo"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: falo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: falo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "val"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: val",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "",
"3": "valw-"
},
"expansion": "valw-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: val (stem: valw-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fahl",
"3": "falb"
},
"expansion": "German: fahl, falb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: fahl, falb"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fǫlr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: fǫlr",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "",
"3": "fǫlv-"
},
"expansion": "fǫlv-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: fǫlr (stem fǫlv-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fölur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: fölur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: fölur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "følin"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: følin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: følin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "fal"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: fal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: fal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "falna",
"der": "1",
"pos": "verb",
"t": "to become pale"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Swedish: falna (“to become pale”, verb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Swedish: falna (“to become pale”, verb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "falme",
"der": "1",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Danish: falme (verb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Danish: falme (verb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "folne",
"3": "falne",
"4": "falme",
"der": "1",
"pos3": "verbs"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Norwegian: folne, falne, falme (verbs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Norwegian: folne, falne, falme (verbs)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-sue",
"2": "*falwisca",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Suevic: *falwisca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Suevic: *falwisca"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "faísca",
"bor": "1",
"t": "spark; dandruff"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: faísca (“spark; dandruff”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: faísca (“spark; dandruff”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pelH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*polHwós",
"4": "",
"5": "pale, gray"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *polHwós (“pale, gray”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pelH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pelH-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pullus",
"3": "",
"4": "dark, dusky",
"id": "dark"
},
"expansion": "Latin pullus (“dark, dusky”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πολιός",
"3": "",
"4": "gray"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πολιός (poliós, “gray”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πελιός",
"3": "",
"4": "dark, dull"
},
"expansion": "πελιός (peliós, “dark, dull”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*palwas",
"3": "",
"4": "pale (yellow)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *palwas (“pale (yellow)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pal̃vas",
"3": "",
"4": "pale, straw-colored"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pal̃vas (“pale, straw-colored”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *polHwós (“pale, gray”), from Proto-Indo-European *pelH-. Cognate with Latin pullus (“dark, dusky”), Ancient Greek πολιός (poliós, “gray”) and πελιός (peliós, “dark, dull”), and Proto-Balto-Slavic *palwas (“pale (yellow)”) (e.g. Lithuanian pal̃vas (“pale, straw-colored”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "falw"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*falwaz",
"10": "*falwaimiz",
"11": "*falwō",
"12": "*falwǭ",
"13": "*falwaizōz",
"14": "*falwaizōi",
"15": "*falwaizō",
"16": "*falwôz",
"17": "*falwōz",
"18": "*falwaizǫ̂",
"19": "*falwaimaz",
"2": "*falwanǭ",
"20": "*falwaimiz",
"21": "*falwą, -atō",
"22": "*falwą, -atō",
"23": "*falwas, -is",
"24": "*falwammai",
"25": "*falwanō",
"26": "*falwō",
"27": "*falwō",
"28": "*falwaizǫ̂",
"29": "*falwaimaz",
"3": "*falwas, -is",
"30": "*falwaimiz",
"31": "*falwô",
"32": "*falwanų",
"33": "*falwiniz",
"34": "*falwini",
"35": "*falwinē",
"36": "*falwaniz",
"37": "*falwanunz",
"38": "*falwanǫ̂",
"39": "*falwammaz",
"4": "*falwammai",
"40": "*falwammiz",
"41": "*falwǭ",
"42": "*falwōnų",
"43": "*falwōniz",
"44": "*falwōni",
"45": "*falwōnē",
"46": "*falwōniz",
"47": "*falwōnunz",
"48": "*falwōnǫ̂",
"49": "*falwōmaz",
"5": "*falwanō",
"50": "*falwōmiz",
"51": "*falwô",
"52": "*falwô",
"53": "*falwiniz",
"54": "*falwini",
"55": "*falwinē",
"56": "*falwōnō",
"57": "*falwōnō",
"58": "*falwanǫ̂",
"59": "*falwammaz",
"6": "*falwai",
"60": "*falwammiz",
"7": "*falwanz",
"8": "*falwaizǫ̂",
"9": "*falwaimaz",
"title": "*falwaz (a-stem)"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/falwaz",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pale, gray, fallow"
],
"id": "en-falwaz-gem-pro-adj-GJf96lXQ",
"links": [
[
"pale",
"pale"
],
[
"gray",
"gray"
],
[
"fallow",
"fallow"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "blaikaz"
},
{
"word": "blankaz"
},
{
"word": "hwītaz"
},
{
"word": "blasaz"
},
{
"word": "falwaz"
},
{
"word": "grēwaz"
},
{
"word": "haswaz"
},
{
"word": "grīsaz"
},
{
"word": "hairaz"
},
{
"word": "blakaz"
},
{
"word": "swartaz"
},
{
"word": "raudaz"
},
{
"word": "brūnaz"
},
{
"word": "erpaz"
},
{
"word": "dusnaz"
},
{
"word": "gelwaz"
},
{
"word": "gulaz"
},
{
"word": "grōniz"
},
{
"word": "blēwaz"
},
{
"word": "hēwijaz"
},
{
"word": "baswaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸɑl.wɑz/"
}
],
"word": "falwaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fealu"
},
"expansion": "Old English: fealu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: fealu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "falwe",
"3": "falewe",
"4": "falow"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: falwe, falewe, falow",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: falwe, falewe, falow"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fallow"
},
"expansion": "English: fallow",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: fallow"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fallow",
"3": "fallaw",
"4": "fellow",
"5": "follow"
},
"expansion": "Scots: fallow, fallaw, fellow, follow",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: fallow, fallaw, fellow, follow"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*falo",
"3": "*falu"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *falo, *falu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *falo, *falu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "foal"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: foal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: foal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "feal"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: feal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: feal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "falu"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: falu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: falu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "fāle",
"3": "vāle",
"4": "fāl",
"5": "vāl"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: fāle, vāle, fāl, vāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: fāle, vāle, fāl, vāl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "fahl"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: fahl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: fahl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "falwisch",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Low German: falwisch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Low German: falwisch"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*falu"
},
"expansion": "Frankish: *falu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*falwa-"
},
"expansion": "*falwa-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Frankish: *falu (stem: *falwa-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*falo"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *falo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *falo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "vāle",
"3": "vālu"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: vāle, vālu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: vāle, vālu"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vaal"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: vaal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: vaal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "falvus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Medieval Latin: falvus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Medieval Latin: falvus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "falo"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: falo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: falo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "val"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: val",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "",
"3": "valw-"
},
"expansion": "valw-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: val (stem: valw-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fahl",
"3": "falb"
},
"expansion": "German: fahl, falb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: fahl, falb"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fǫlr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: fǫlr",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "",
"3": "fǫlv-"
},
"expansion": "fǫlv-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: fǫlr (stem fǫlv-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fölur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: fölur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: fölur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "følin"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: følin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: følin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "fal"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: fal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: fal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "falna",
"der": "1",
"pos": "verb",
"t": "to become pale"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Swedish: falna (“to become pale”, verb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Swedish: falna (“to become pale”, verb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "falme",
"der": "1",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Danish: falme (verb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Danish: falme (verb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "folne",
"3": "falne",
"4": "falme",
"der": "1",
"pos3": "verbs"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Norwegian: folne, falne, falme (verbs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Norwegian: folne, falne, falme (verbs)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-sue",
"2": "*falwisca",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Suevic: *falwisca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Suevic: *falwisca"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "faísca",
"bor": "1",
"t": "spark; dandruff"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: faísca (“spark; dandruff”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: faísca (“spark; dandruff”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pelH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*polHwós",
"4": "",
"5": "pale, gray"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *polHwós (“pale, gray”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pelH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pelH-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pullus",
"3": "",
"4": "dark, dusky",
"id": "dark"
},
"expansion": "Latin pullus (“dark, dusky”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πολιός",
"3": "",
"4": "gray"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πολιός (poliós, “gray”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πελιός",
"3": "",
"4": "dark, dull"
},
"expansion": "πελιός (peliós, “dark, dull”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*palwas",
"3": "",
"4": "pale (yellow)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *palwas (“pale (yellow)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pal̃vas",
"3": "",
"4": "pale, straw-colored"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pal̃vas (“pale, straw-colored”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *polHwós (“pale, gray”), from Proto-Indo-European *pelH-. Cognate with Latin pullus (“dark, dusky”), Ancient Greek πολιός (poliós, “gray”) and πελιός (peliós, “dark, dull”), and Proto-Balto-Slavic *palwas (“pale (yellow)”) (e.g. Lithuanian pal̃vas (“pale, straw-colored”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "falwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "falwammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "falw"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*falwaz",
"10": "*falwaimiz",
"11": "*falwō",
"12": "*falwǭ",
"13": "*falwaizōz",
"14": "*falwaizōi",
"15": "*falwaizō",
"16": "*falwôz",
"17": "*falwōz",
"18": "*falwaizǫ̂",
"19": "*falwaimaz",
"2": "*falwanǭ",
"20": "*falwaimiz",
"21": "*falwą, -atō",
"22": "*falwą, -atō",
"23": "*falwas, -is",
"24": "*falwammai",
"25": "*falwanō",
"26": "*falwō",
"27": "*falwō",
"28": "*falwaizǫ̂",
"29": "*falwaimaz",
"3": "*falwas, -is",
"30": "*falwaimiz",
"31": "*falwô",
"32": "*falwanų",
"33": "*falwiniz",
"34": "*falwini",
"35": "*falwinē",
"36": "*falwaniz",
"37": "*falwanunz",
"38": "*falwanǫ̂",
"39": "*falwammaz",
"4": "*falwammai",
"40": "*falwammiz",
"41": "*falwǭ",
"42": "*falwōnų",
"43": "*falwōniz",
"44": "*falwōni",
"45": "*falwōnē",
"46": "*falwōniz",
"47": "*falwōnunz",
"48": "*falwōnǫ̂",
"49": "*falwōmaz",
"5": "*falwanō",
"50": "*falwōmiz",
"51": "*falwô",
"52": "*falwô",
"53": "*falwiniz",
"54": "*falwini",
"55": "*falwinē",
"56": "*falwōnō",
"57": "*falwōnō",
"58": "*falwanǫ̂",
"59": "*falwammaz",
"6": "*falwai",
"60": "*falwammiz",
"7": "*falwanz",
"8": "*falwaizǫ̂",
"9": "*falwaimaz",
"title": "*falwaz (a-stem)"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/falwaz",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "blaikaz"
},
{
"word": "blankaz"
},
{
"word": "hwītaz"
},
{
"word": "blasaz"
},
{
"word": "falwaz"
},
{
"word": "grēwaz"
},
{
"word": "haswaz"
},
{
"word": "grīsaz"
},
{
"word": "hairaz"
},
{
"word": "blakaz"
},
{
"word": "swartaz"
},
{
"word": "raudaz"
},
{
"word": "brūnaz"
},
{
"word": "erpaz"
},
{
"word": "dusnaz"
},
{
"word": "gelwaz"
},
{
"word": "gulaz"
},
{
"word": "grōniz"
},
{
"word": "blēwaz"
},
{
"word": "hēwijaz"
},
{
"word": "baswaz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pelH-",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"pale, gray, fallow"
],
"links": [
[
"pale",
"pale"
],
[
"gray",
"gray"
],
[
"fallow",
"fallow"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸɑl.wɑz/"
}
],
"word": "falwaz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.