See profane in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for profane meaning in English (25.7kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "faithful"
},
{
"word": "holy"
},
{
"word": "orthodox"
},
{
"word": "religious"
},
{
"word": "sacred"
},
{
"word": "sacrosanct"
},
{
"word": "spiritual"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pro-",
"4": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "prophane"
},
"expansion": "Middle French prophane",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "profānus",
"t": "not religious, unclean"
},
"expansion": "Latin profānus (“not religious, unclean”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pro-",
"t": "before"
},
"expansion": "pro- (“before”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fānum",
"t": "temple"
},
"expansion": "fānum (“temple”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French prophane, from Latin profānus (“not religious, unclean”), from pro- (“before”) + fānum (“temple”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "profaner",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more profane",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "profanest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most profane",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "profane (comparative profaner or more profane, superlative profanest or most profane)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Unclean; ritually impure; unholy, desecrating a holy place or thing."
],
"id": "en-profane-en-adj-xJnEosXG",
"links": [
[
"Unclean",
"unclean"
],
[
"unholy",
"unholy"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "72 6 12 11",
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "vulgar"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 6 12 11",
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "inappropriate"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 6 12 11",
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "obscene"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 6 12 11",
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "debased"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 6 12 11",
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "uncouth"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 6 12 11",
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "offensive"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 6 12 11",
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "ignoble"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 6 12 11",
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "mean"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 6 12 11",
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "lewd"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 6 12 11",
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "wicked"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 1 4 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nečestív",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "нечести́в"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 4 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "profaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "epäpyhä"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "maallinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "profaani"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 4 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "impur"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 4 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "profane"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 4 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sale"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 4 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "anósios",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ανόσιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 4 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aníeros",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ανίερος"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 4 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "nefastus"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 4 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nečestívyj",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "нечести́вый"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 4 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "sacrílego"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 4 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nečestývyj",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "нечести́вий"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "profane authors",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 102",
"text": "The sacred is the emotional force which connects the part to the whole; the profane or the secular is that which has been broken off from, or has fallen off, its emotional bond to the universe.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not sacred or holy, unconsecrated; relating to non-religious matters, secular."
],
"id": "en-profane-en-adj-ss5-LASO",
"links": [
[
"unconsecrated",
"unconsecrated"
],
[
"secular",
"secular"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "5 72 19 3",
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "secular"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 19 3",
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "unsanctified"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 19 3",
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "unhallowed"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 19 3",
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "unholy"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 19 3",
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "irreligious"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 19 3",
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "temporal"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 19 3",
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "worldly"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 19 3",
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "ungodly"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 19 3",
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "impious"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 19 3",
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "godless"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "svjécki",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "све́цкі"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njeprysvjéčany",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "непрысве́чаны"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "svétski",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "све́тски"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mírski",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "ми́рски"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neposvetén",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "непосвете́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "profà"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "maallinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "profaani"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "epäpyhä"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "profane"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "weltlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "anósios",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ανόσιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aníeros",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ανίερος"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "bébēlos",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "βέβηλος"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sconsacrato"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profano"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "secolare"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "blasfemo"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sezoku no",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "世俗の"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "profānus"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "svétoven",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "све́товен"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "prófan",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "про́фан"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "profan"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "profano"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neposvjaščónnyj",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "непосвящённый"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "svétskij",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "све́тский"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mirskój",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "мирско́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "profano"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "neposvjáčenyj",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "непосвя́чений"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "myrsʹkýj",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "мирськи́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 11 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "svítsʹkyj",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "сві́тський"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Treating sacred things with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or scorn; blasphemous, impious."
],
"id": "en-profane-en-adj-6lFeO6bE",
"links": [
[
"blasphemous",
"blasphemous"
],
[
"impious",
"impious"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bljuznjérski",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "блюзне́рскі"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bohaznjevažálʹny",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "богазневажа́льны"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bogohúlen",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "богоху́лен"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "rienaava"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "epäkunnioittava"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "profaani"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sacrilège"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vévilos",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βέβηλος"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ierósylos",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ιερόσυλος"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "bébēlos",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "βέβηλος"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "asebḗs",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "ἀσεβής"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sacrilego"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profano"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "empio"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kegarawashii",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "汚らわしい"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hisen na",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "卑賎な"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "bluźnierczy"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bogoxúlʹnyj",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "богоху́льный"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "profano"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bohoznevážnyj",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "богознева́жний"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bohoxúlʹnyj",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "богоху́льний"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 16 74 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bljuznírsʹkyj",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "блюзні́рський"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 14 8 29 1 14 7 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 9 25 2 16 8 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a profane person, word, oath, or tongue",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Irreverent in language; taking the name of God in vain"
],
"id": "en-profane-en-adj-birVvA1a",
"links": [
[
"in vain",
"in vain"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "8 7 3 82",
"sense": "taking God's name in vain",
"word": "irreverent"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 96",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bljuznjérski",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "блюзне́рскі"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 96",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bohaznjevažálʹny",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "богазневажа́льны"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 96",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bogohúlen",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "богоху́лен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 96",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "bluźnierczy"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 96",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bogoxúlʹnyj",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "богоху́льный"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 96",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "blasfemo"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 96",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bohoznevážnyj",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "богознева́жний"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 96",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bohoxúlʹnyj",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "богоху́льний"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 96",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bljuznírsʹkyj",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "блюзні́рський"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹəˈfeɪn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪn"
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"hypercorrect",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "prophane"
}
],
"word": "profane"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pro-",
"4": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "prophane"
},
"expansion": "Middle French prophane",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pro-",
"t": "before"
},
"expansion": "pro- (“before”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fānum",
"t": "temple"
},
"expansion": "fānum (“temple”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French prophane, from Latin profānus (“not religious, unclean”), from pro- (“before”) + fānum (“temple”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "profanes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "profane (plural profanes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1796, Matthew Lewis, The Monk, Folio Society, published 1985, page 244",
"text": "The nuns were employed in religious duties established in honour of St Clare, and to which no profane was ever admitted.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person or thing that is profane."
],
"id": "en-profane-en-noun-aWGRDuPr"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Freemasonry",
"orig": "en:Freemasonry",
"parents": [
"Organizations",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person not a Mason."
],
"id": "en-profane-en-noun-cCTaoqEc",
"links": [
[
"Freemasonry",
"Freemasonry"
],
[
"Mason",
"Mason"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Freemasonry) A person not a Mason."
],
"topics": [
"Freemasonry",
"freemasonry",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹəˈfeɪn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-profane.wav",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"hypercorrect",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "prophane"
}
],
"word": "profane"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "violate something sacred",
"sense": "antonym(s) of",
"word": "consecrate"
},
{
"word": "sanctify"
},
{
"word": "consecrate"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pro-",
"4": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "prophane"
},
"expansion": "Middle French prophane",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "profānus",
"t": "not religious, unclean"
},
"expansion": "Latin profānus (“not religious, unclean”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pro-",
"t": "before"
},
"expansion": "pro- (“before”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fānum",
"t": "temple"
},
"expansion": "fānum (“temple”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French prophane, from Latin profānus (“not religious, unclean”), from pro- (“before”) + fānum (“temple”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "profanes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "profaning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "profaned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "profaned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "profane (third-person singular simple present profanes, present participle profaning, simple past and past participle profaned)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "fan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "fanatic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "fane"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "profanation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "profanatory"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "profanity"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "One should not profane the name of God.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "to profane the Scriptures",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To violate (something sacred); to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt; to desecrate"
],
"id": "en-profane-en-verb-DJcneDFc",
"links": [
[
"violate",
"violate"
],
[
"obloquy",
"obloquy"
],
[
"desecrate",
"desecrate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To violate (something sacred); to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt; to desecrate"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"sense": "violate something sacred",
"word": "defile"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pġcel",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "պղծել"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "oskvernjavam",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "осквернявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "profanar"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "häpäistä"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "profaner"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "profanar"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "miaíno",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "μιαίνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vevilóno",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "βεβηλώνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "bebēlóō",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "βεβηλόω"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "profanare"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bōtoku suru",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "冒涜する"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kegasu",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "汚す"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sagesumu",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "蔑む"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "profanar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To put to a wrong or unworthy use; to debase; to abuse; to defile."
],
"id": "en-profane-en-verb-5rCI5rZA",
"links": [
[
"debase",
"debase"
],
[
"abuse",
"abuse"
],
[
"defile",
"defile"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To put to a wrong or unworthy use; to debase; to abuse; to defile."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"sense": "put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "abase"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"sense": "put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "adulterate"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"sense": "put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "degrade"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"sense": "put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "demean"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"sense": "put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "misapply"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"sense": "put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "misuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"sense": "put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "pervert"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "To put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "häpäistä"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹəˈfeɪn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪn"
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"hypercorrect",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "prophane"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "unhallow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "desecrate"
}
],
"word": "profane"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "faithful"
},
{
"word": "holy"
},
{
"word": "orthodox"
},
{
"word": "religious"
},
{
"word": "sacred"
},
{
"word": "sacrosanct"
},
{
"word": "spiritual"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Rhymes:English/eɪn",
"Rhymes:English/eɪn/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
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"4": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "frm",
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},
"expansion": "Middle French prophane",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
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"t": "not religious, unclean"
},
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "pro-",
"t": "before"
},
"expansion": "pro- (“before”)",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "fānum",
"t": "temple"
},
"expansion": "fānum (“temple”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French prophane, from Latin profānus (“not religious, unclean”), from pro- (“before”) + fānum (“temple”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "profaner",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more profane",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "profanest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most profane",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "profane (comparative profaner or more profane, superlative profanest or most profane)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Unclean; ritually impure; unholy, desecrating a holy place or thing."
],
"links": [
[
"Unclean",
"unclean"
],
[
"unholy",
"unholy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "profane authors",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 102",
"text": "The sacred is the emotional force which connects the part to the whole; the profane or the secular is that which has been broken off from, or has fallen off, its emotional bond to the universe.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not sacred or holy, unconsecrated; relating to non-religious matters, secular."
],
"links": [
[
"unconsecrated",
"unconsecrated"
],
[
"secular",
"secular"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Treating sacred things with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or scorn; blasphemous, impious."
],
"links": [
[
"blasphemous",
"blasphemous"
],
[
"impious",
"impious"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a profane person, word, oath, or tongue",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Irreverent in language; taking the name of God in vain"
],
"links": [
[
"in vain",
"in vain"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹəˈfeɪn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-profane.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-profane.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-profane.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "vulgar"
},
{
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "inappropriate"
},
{
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "obscene"
},
{
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "debased"
},
{
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "uncouth"
},
{
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "offensive"
},
{
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "ignoble"
},
{
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "mean"
},
{
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "lewd"
},
{
"sense": "obscene",
"word": "wicked"
},
{
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "secular"
},
{
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "unsanctified"
},
{
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "unhallowed"
},
{
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "unholy"
},
{
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "irreligious"
},
{
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "temporal"
},
{
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "worldly"
},
{
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "ungodly"
},
{
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "impious"
},
{
"sense": "not sacred",
"word": "godless"
},
{
"sense": "taking God's name in vain",
"word": "irreverent"
},
{
"tags": [
"hypercorrect",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "prophane"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nečestív",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "нечести́в"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "profaan"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "epäpyhä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "maallinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "profaani"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "impur"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "profane"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sale"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "anósios",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ανόσιος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aníeros",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ανίερος"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "nefastus"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nečestívyj",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "нечести́вый"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "sacrílego"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nečestývyj",
"sense": "unclean; impure; polluted; unholy",
"word": "нечести́вий"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "svjécki",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "све́цкі"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njeprysvjéčany",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "непрысве́чаны"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "svétski",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "све́тски"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mírski",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "ми́рски"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neposvetén",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "непосвете́н"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "profà"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "maallinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "profaani"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "epäpyhä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "profane"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "weltlich"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "anósios",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ανόσιος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aníeros",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ανίερος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "bébēlos",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "βέβηλος"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sconsacrato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profano"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "secolare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "blasfemo"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sezoku no",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "世俗の"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "profānus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "svétoven",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "све́товен"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "prófan",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "про́фан"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "profan"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "profano"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neposvjaščónnyj",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "непосвящённый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "svétskij",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "све́тский"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mirskój",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "мирско́й"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "profano"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "neposvjáčenyj",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "непосвя́чений"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "myrsʹkýj",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "мирськи́й"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "svítsʹkyj",
"sense": "Not sacred or holy",
"word": "сві́тський"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bljuznjérski",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "блюзне́рскі"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bohaznjevažálʹny",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "богазневажа́льны"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bogohúlen",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "богоху́лен"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "rienaava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "epäkunnioittava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "profaani"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sacrilège"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vévilos",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βέβηλος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ierósylos",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ιερόσυλος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "bébēlos",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "βέβηλος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "asebḗs",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "ἀσεβής"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sacrilego"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profano"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "empio"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kegarawashii",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "汚らわしい"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hisen na",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "卑賎な"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "bluźnierczy"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bogoxúlʹnyj",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "богоху́льный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "profano"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bohoznevážnyj",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "богознева́жний"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bohoxúlʹnyj",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "богоху́льний"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bljuznírsʹkyj",
"sense": "Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity",
"word": "блюзні́рський"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bljuznjérski",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "блюзне́рскі"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bohaznjevažálʹny",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "богазневажа́льны"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bogohúlen",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "богоху́лен"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "bluźnierczy"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bogoxúlʹnyj",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "богоху́льный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "blasfemo"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bohoznevážnyj",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "богознева́жний"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bohoxúlʹnyj",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "богоху́льний"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bljuznírsʹkyj",
"sense": "taking the name of God in vain",
"word": "блюзні́рський"
}
],
"word": "profane"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Rhymes:English/eɪn",
"Rhymes:English/eɪn/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pro-",
"4": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "prophane"
},
"expansion": "Middle French prophane",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "profānus",
"t": "not religious, unclean"
},
"expansion": "Latin profānus (“not religious, unclean”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pro-",
"t": "before"
},
"expansion": "pro- (“before”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fānum",
"t": "temple"
},
"expansion": "fānum (“temple”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French prophane, from Latin profānus (“not religious, unclean”), from pro- (“before”) + fānum (“temple”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "profanes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "profane (plural profanes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1796, Matthew Lewis, The Monk, Folio Society, published 1985, page 244",
"text": "The nuns were employed in religious duties established in honour of St Clare, and to which no profane was ever admitted.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person or thing that is profane."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Freemasonry"
],
"glosses": [
"A person not a Mason."
],
"links": [
[
"Freemasonry",
"Freemasonry"
],
[
"Mason",
"Mason"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Freemasonry) A person not a Mason."
],
"topics": [
"Freemasonry",
"freemasonry",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹəˈfeɪn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-profane.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-profane.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-profane.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-profane.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-profane.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"hypercorrect",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "prophane"
}
],
"word": "profane"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "violate something sacred",
"sense": "antonym(s) of",
"word": "consecrate"
},
{
"word": "sanctify"
},
{
"word": "consecrate"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Rhymes:English/eɪn",
"Rhymes:English/eɪn/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pro-",
"4": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "prophane"
},
"expansion": "Middle French prophane",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "profānus",
"t": "not religious, unclean"
},
"expansion": "Latin profānus (“not religious, unclean”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pro-",
"t": "before"
},
"expansion": "pro- (“before”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fānum",
"t": "temple"
},
"expansion": "fānum (“temple”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French prophane, from Latin profānus (“not religious, unclean”), from pro- (“before”) + fānum (“temple”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "profanes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "profaning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "profaned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "profaned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "profane (third-person singular simple present profanes, present participle profaning, simple past and past participle profaned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "fan"
},
{
"word": "fanatic"
},
{
"word": "fane"
},
{
"word": "profanation"
},
{
"word": "profanatory"
},
{
"word": "profanity"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "One should not profane the name of God.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "to profane the Scriptures",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To violate (something sacred); to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt; to desecrate"
],
"links": [
[
"violate",
"violate"
],
[
"obloquy",
"obloquy"
],
[
"desecrate",
"desecrate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To violate (something sacred); to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt; to desecrate"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To put to a wrong or unworthy use; to debase; to abuse; to defile."
],
"links": [
[
"debase",
"debase"
],
[
"abuse",
"abuse"
],
[
"defile",
"defile"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To put to a wrong or unworthy use; to debase; to abuse; to defile."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹəˈfeɪn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-profane.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-profane.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-profane.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-profane.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-profane.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "violate something sacred",
"word": "defile"
},
{
"word": "unhallow"
},
{
"word": "desecrate"
},
{
"sense": "put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "abase"
},
{
"sense": "put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "adulterate"
},
{
"sense": "put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "degrade"
},
{
"sense": "put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "demean"
},
{
"sense": "put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "misapply"
},
{
"sense": "put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "misuse"
},
{
"sense": "put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "pervert"
},
{
"tags": [
"hypercorrect",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "prophane"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pġcel",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "պղծել"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "oskvernjavam",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "осквернявам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "profanar"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "häpäistä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "profaner"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "profanar"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "miaíno",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "μιαίνω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vevilóno",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "βεβηλώνω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "bebēlóō",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "βεβηλόω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "profanare"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bōtoku suru",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "冒涜する"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kegasu",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "汚す"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sagesumu",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "蔑む"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "profanar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt",
"word": "profanar"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "To put to a wrong or unworthy use",
"word": "häpäistä"
}
],
"word": "profane"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.