See gloss in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for gloss meaning in English (28.9kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gloss paper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "glossy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "glost"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "glossi",
"t": "spark, flame"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic glossi (“spark, flame”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "glossa",
"t": "to flame"
},
"expansion": "glossa (“to flame”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "gloos",
"t": "a glow, flare"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gloos (“a glow, flare”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "gloeze",
"t": "a glow"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian gloeze (“a glow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "glȫsen",
"t": "to smoulder, glow"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German glȫsen (“to smoulder, glow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "glosen",
"t": "to smoulder"
},
"expansion": "German glosen (“to smoulder”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*glus-",
"t": "to glow, shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *glus- (“to glow, shine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰel-",
"t": "to flourish; be green or yellow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to flourish; be green or yellow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "glow"
},
"expansion": "glow",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from a North Germanic language, compare Icelandic glossi (“spark, flame”), glossa (“to flame”); or perhaps from dialectal Dutch gloos (“a glow, flare”), related to West Frisian gloeze (“a glow”), Middle Low German glȫsen (“to smoulder, glow”), German glosen (“to smoulder”); ultimately from Proto-Germanic *glus- (“to glow, shine”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to flourish; be green or yellow”). More at glow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glosses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "+"
},
"expansion": "gloss (usually uncountable, plural glosses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "glow"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A surface shine or luster."
],
"id": "en-gloss-en-noun-7og47XZT",
"links": [
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"shine",
"shine"
],
[
"luster",
"luster"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brilliance"
},
{
"word": "gleam"
},
{
"word": "luster"
},
{
"word": "sheen"
},
{
"word": "shine"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bljasǎk",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "блясък"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lǎskavina",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "лъскавина"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lesk"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "kiilto"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Glanz"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schimmer"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Glitzern"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "máz"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "lustre"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "lustro"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "brilho"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "blesk",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "блеск"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gljánec",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гля́нец"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lìomh"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "brillo"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "lustre"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "parlaklık"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "."
},
{
"ref": "2013 September 7, Daniel Taylor, “Danny Welbeck leads England's rout of Moldova but hit by Ukraine ban”, in The Guardian",
"text": "Hodgson may now have to bring in James Milner on the left and, on that basis, a certain amount of gloss was taken off a night on which Welbeck scored twice but barely celebrated either before leaving the pitch angrily complaining to the Slovakian referee.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A superficially or deceptively attractive appearance."
],
"id": "en-gloss-en-noun-1vGvJidk",
"links": [
[
"superficially",
"superficially"
],
[
"deceptively",
"deceptively"
],
[
"attractive",
"attractive"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A superficially or deceptively attractive appearance."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "façade"
},
{
"word": "front"
},
{
"word": "veneer"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vǎnšen bljasǎk",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "външен блясък"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pozlátko"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lesk"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"word": "pintakiilto"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Fassade"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schönfärberei"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Politur"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Retusche"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Blendfassade"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schaufassade"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"word": "máz"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"word": "látszat"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"word": "kirakat"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"word": "külszín"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "blesk",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"word": "блеск"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "losk",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лоск"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"word": "gösteriş"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gloss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg/En-us-gloss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "gloss"
}
{
"categories": [],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "glossi",
"t": "spark, flame"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic glossi (“spark, flame”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "glossa",
"t": "to flame"
},
"expansion": "glossa (“to flame”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "gloos",
"t": "a glow, flare"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gloos (“a glow, flare”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "gloeze",
"t": "a glow"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian gloeze (“a glow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "glȫsen",
"t": "to smoulder, glow"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German glȫsen (“to smoulder, glow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "glosen",
"t": "to smoulder"
},
"expansion": "German glosen (“to smoulder”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*glus-",
"t": "to glow, shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *glus- (“to glow, shine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰel-",
"t": "to flourish; be green or yellow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to flourish; be green or yellow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "glow"
},
"expansion": "glow",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from a North Germanic language, compare Icelandic glossi (“spark, flame”), glossa (“to flame”); or perhaps from dialectal Dutch gloos (“a glow, flare”), related to West Frisian gloeze (“a glow”), Middle Low German glȫsen (“to smoulder, glow”), German glosen (“to smoulder”); ultimately from Proto-Germanic *glus- (“to glow, shine”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to flourish; be green or yellow”). More at glow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glosses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "glossing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "glossed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "glossed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gloss (third-person singular simple present glosses, present participle glossing, simple past and past participle glossed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To give a gloss or sheen to."
],
"id": "en-gloss-en-verb-IdTrSE3s",
"links": [
[
"sheen",
"sheen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To give a gloss or sheen to."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "polish"
},
{
"word": "shine"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "95 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lǎskam",
"sense": "give a gloss or sheen to",
"word": "лъскам"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "give a gloss or sheen to",
"word": "kiillottaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "give a gloss or sheen to",
"word": "polieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "give a gloss or sheen to",
"word": "glanzpolieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 1 2",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "give a gloss or sheen to",
"word": "glacar"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "navodítʹ gljánec",
"sense": "give a gloss or sheen to",
"word": "наводи́ть гля́нец"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 1 2",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "give a gloss or sheen to",
"word": "lìomh"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1722, Ambrose Philips, The Briton",
"text": "You have the art to gloss the foulest cause.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) attractive by deception"
],
"id": "en-gloss-en-verb-~w3hsJJf",
"links": [
[
"deception",
"deception"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make (something) attractive by deception"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 98 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "schönfärben"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 98 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "verbrämen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 98 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "beschönigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 98 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "vertuschen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 98 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "bemänteln"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 98 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "überspielen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 98 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "retuschieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 98 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "unter den Teppich kehren"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 98 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "schönreden"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 98 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "navodítʹ losk",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "наводи́ть лоск"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To become shiny."
],
"id": "en-gloss-en-verb-fMiIuf7h",
"links": [
[
"shiny",
"shiny"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become shiny."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 0 94 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "become shiny",
"word": "brilhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 0 94 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "losnítʹsja",
"sense": "become shiny",
"word": "лосни́ться"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Used in a phrasal verb: gloss over (“to cover up a mistake or crime, to treat something with less care than it deserves”)."
],
"id": "en-gloss-en-verb-b6TmGy23",
"links": [
[
"gloss over",
"gloss over#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, idiomatic) Used in a phrasal verb: gloss over (“to cover up a mistake or crime, to treat something with less care than it deserves”)."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gloss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg/En-us-gloss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "gloss"
}
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "beglossed"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "glosse"
},
"expansion": "Middle English glosse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "glose"
},
"expansion": "glose",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "glōssa",
"4": "",
"5": "obsolete or foreign word requiring explanation"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin glōssa (“obsolete or foreign word requiring explanation”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "γλῶσσα",
"4": "",
"5": "language"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γλῶσσα (glôssa, “language”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "glossa"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of glossa",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English glosse, glose, from Late Latin glōssa (“obsolete or foreign word requiring explanation”), from Ancient Greek γλῶσσα (glôssa, “language”). Doublet of glossa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glosses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gloss (plural glosses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "glossary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "glossator"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1684, Samuel Butler, Hudibras",
"text": "All this, without a gloss or comment, / He would unriddle in a moment.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021, Mary Wellesley, The Gilded Page: The Secret Lives of Medieval Manuscripts, page 9",
"text": "He was a prolific annotator - writing around fifty thousand glosses in as many as twenty manuscripts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A brief explanatory note or translation of a foreign, archaic, technical, difficult, complex, or uncommon expression, inserted after the original, in the margin of a document, or between lines of a text."
],
"id": "en-gloss-en-noun-MLGZcdNy",
"links": [
[
"explanatory",
"explanatory"
],
[
"translation",
"translation"
],
[
"foreign",
"foreign"
],
[
"archaic",
"archaic"
],
[
"technical",
"technical"
],
[
"expression",
"expression"
],
[
"margin",
"margin"
],
[
"text",
"text"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A brief explanatory note or translation of a foreign, archaic, technical, difficult, complex, or uncommon expression, inserted after the original, in the margin of a document, or between lines of a text."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "explanation"
},
{
"word": "note"
},
{
"word": "marginalia"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "beležka v poleto",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бележка в полето"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glossa"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "gloso"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "selitys"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glose"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šenišvna",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "შენიშვნა"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ganmarṭeba",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "განმარტება"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Glosse"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Glossem"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"hypernym"
],
"word": "Erläuterung"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"hyponym"
],
"word": "Randbemerkung"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Randnotiz"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Fußnote"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "perúsh",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "פירוש"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gluais"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glossa"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chiosa"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gurosu",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "グロス"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chūkai",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "注解"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "glose"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glosa"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glosa"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glossa",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "глосса"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "гло̏са"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "glȍsa"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "glosa"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "glossa"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "randanmärkning"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "mchan 'grel",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "མཆན་འགྲེལ"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "şerh"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 8 19 5 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hlosa",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "глоса"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A glossary; a collection of such notes."
],
"id": "en-gloss-en-noun-EpvDEbuH",
"links": [
[
"glossary",
"glossary"
],
[
"collection",
"collection"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A glossary; a collection of such notes."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "glossary"
},
{
"word": "lexicon"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An expression requiring such explanatory treatment."
],
"id": "en-gloss-en-noun-PdPOtgqG",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, obsolete) An expression requiring such explanatory treatment."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An extensive commentary on some text."
],
"id": "en-gloss-en-noun-24D~s1TO",
"links": [
[
"extensive",
"extensive"
],
[
"commentary",
"commentary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) An extensive commentary on some text."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "commentary"
},
{
"word": "discourse"
},
{
"word": "discussion"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 1 93 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extensive commentary on some text",
"word": "selitys"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 1 93 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extensive commentary on some text",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Erläuterung"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 1 93 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "extensive commentary on some text",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glosa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1979, American Bar Foundation., Annotated code of professional responsibility, page ix",
"text": "This volume is thus not a narrowly defined treatment of the Code of Professional Responsibility but rather represents a \"common law\" gloss on it.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Bruce R. Hopkins., The law of tax-exempt organizations., page 76",
"text": "Judicial Gloss on Test [section title]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An interpretation by a court of a specific point within a statute or case law."
],
"id": "en-gloss-en-noun-wmsL6EHg",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"statute",
"statute"
],
[
"case law",
"case law"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, law, US) An interpretation by a court of a specific point within a statute or case law."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gloss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg/En-us-gloss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Glosas Emilianenses"
],
"word": "gloss"
}
{
"categories": [],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "glossen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English glossen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "glosen"
},
"expansion": "glosen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "gloser"
},
"expansion": "Old French gloser",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "glossāre"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin glossāre",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English glossen, glosen, from Old French gloser and Medieval Latin glossāre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glosses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "glossing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "glossed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "glossed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gloss (third-person singular simple present glosses, present participle glossing, simple past and past participle glossed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gloss over"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To add a gloss to (a text)."
],
"id": "en-gloss-en-verb-2DddcXJO",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To add a gloss to (a text)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "annotate"
},
{
"word": "mark up"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "selittää"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "kommentieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "beschriften"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "annotieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "mit einer Randnotiz versehen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "mit Anmerkungen versehen"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "glacar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "glosar"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gloss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg/En-us-gloss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "gloss"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gloss paper"
},
{
"word": "glossy"
},
{
"word": "glost"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "glossi",
"t": "spark, flame"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic glossi (“spark, flame”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "glossa",
"t": "to flame"
},
"expansion": "glossa (“to flame”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "gloos",
"t": "a glow, flare"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gloos (“a glow, flare”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "gloeze",
"t": "a glow"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian gloeze (“a glow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "glȫsen",
"t": "to smoulder, glow"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German glȫsen (“to smoulder, glow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "glosen",
"t": "to smoulder"
},
"expansion": "German glosen (“to smoulder”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*glus-",
"t": "to glow, shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *glus- (“to glow, shine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰel-",
"t": "to flourish; be green or yellow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to flourish; be green or yellow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "glow"
},
"expansion": "glow",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from a North Germanic language, compare Icelandic glossi (“spark, flame”), glossa (“to flame”); or perhaps from dialectal Dutch gloos (“a glow, flare”), related to West Frisian gloeze (“a glow”), Middle Low German glȫsen (“to smoulder, glow”), German glosen (“to smoulder”); ultimately from Proto-Germanic *glus- (“to glow, shine”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to flourish; be green or yellow”). More at glow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glosses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "+"
},
"expansion": "gloss (usually uncountable, plural glosses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "glow"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A surface shine or luster."
],
"links": [
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"shine",
"shine"
],
[
"luster",
"luster"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brilliance"
},
{
"word": "gleam"
},
{
"word": "luster"
},
{
"word": "sheen"
},
{
"word": "shine"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "."
},
{
"ref": "2013 September 7, Daniel Taylor, “Danny Welbeck leads England's rout of Moldova but hit by Ukraine ban”, in The Guardian",
"text": "Hodgson may now have to bring in James Milner on the left and, on that basis, a certain amount of gloss was taken off a night on which Welbeck scored twice but barely celebrated either before leaving the pitch angrily complaining to the Slovakian referee.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A superficially or deceptively attractive appearance."
],
"links": [
[
"superficially",
"superficially"
],
[
"deceptively",
"deceptively"
],
[
"attractive",
"attractive"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A superficially or deceptively attractive appearance."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "façade"
},
{
"word": "front"
},
{
"word": "veneer"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gloss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg/En-us-gloss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bljasǎk",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "блясък"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lǎskavina",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "лъскавина"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lesk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "kiilto"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Glanz"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schimmer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Glitzern"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "máz"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "lustre"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "lustro"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "brilho"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "blesk",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "блеск"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gljánec",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гля́нец"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "surface shine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lìomh"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "brillo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "lustre"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "surface shine",
"word": "parlaklık"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vǎnšen bljasǎk",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "външен блясък"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pozlátko"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lesk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"word": "pintakiilto"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Fassade"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schönfärberei"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Politur"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Retusche"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Blendfassade"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schaufassade"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"word": "máz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"word": "látszat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"word": "kirakat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"word": "külszín"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "blesk",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"word": "блеск"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "losk",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лоск"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "superficially or deceptively attractive appearance",
"word": "gösteriş"
}
],
"word": "gloss"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "glossi",
"t": "spark, flame"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic glossi (“spark, flame”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "glossa",
"t": "to flame"
},
"expansion": "glossa (“to flame”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "gloos",
"t": "a glow, flare"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gloos (“a glow, flare”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "gloeze",
"t": "a glow"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian gloeze (“a glow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "glȫsen",
"t": "to smoulder, glow"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German glȫsen (“to smoulder, glow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "glosen",
"t": "to smoulder"
},
"expansion": "German glosen (“to smoulder”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*glus-",
"t": "to glow, shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *glus- (“to glow, shine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰel-",
"t": "to flourish; be green or yellow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to flourish; be green or yellow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "glow"
},
"expansion": "glow",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from a North Germanic language, compare Icelandic glossi (“spark, flame”), glossa (“to flame”); or perhaps from dialectal Dutch gloos (“a glow, flare”), related to West Frisian gloeze (“a glow”), Middle Low German glȫsen (“to smoulder, glow”), German glosen (“to smoulder”); ultimately from Proto-Germanic *glus- (“to glow, shine”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to flourish; be green or yellow”). More at glow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glosses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "glossing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "glossed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "glossed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gloss (third-person singular simple present glosses, present participle glossing, simple past and past participle glossed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To give a gloss or sheen to."
],
"links": [
[
"sheen",
"sheen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To give a gloss or sheen to."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "polish"
},
{
"word": "shine"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1722, Ambrose Philips, The Briton",
"text": "You have the art to gloss the foulest cause.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) attractive by deception"
],
"links": [
[
"deception",
"deception"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make (something) attractive by deception"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To become shiny."
],
"links": [
[
"shiny",
"shiny"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become shiny."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English idioms",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Used in a phrasal verb: gloss over (“to cover up a mistake or crime, to treat something with less care than it deserves”)."
],
"links": [
[
"gloss over",
"gloss over#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, idiomatic) Used in a phrasal verb: gloss over (“to cover up a mistake or crime, to treat something with less care than it deserves”)."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gloss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg/En-us-gloss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lǎskam",
"sense": "give a gloss or sheen to",
"word": "лъскам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "give a gloss or sheen to",
"word": "kiillottaa"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "give a gloss or sheen to",
"word": "polieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "give a gloss or sheen to",
"word": "glanzpolieren"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "give a gloss or sheen to",
"word": "glacar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "navodítʹ gljánec",
"sense": "give a gloss or sheen to",
"word": "наводи́ть гля́нец"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "give a gloss or sheen to",
"word": "lìomh"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "schönfärben"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "verbrämen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "beschönigen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "vertuschen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "bemänteln"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "überspielen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "retuschieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "unter den Teppich kehren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "schönreden"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "navodítʹ losk",
"sense": "make (something) attractive by deception",
"word": "наводи́ть лоск"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "become shiny",
"word": "brilhar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "losnítʹsja",
"sense": "become shiny",
"word": "лосни́ться"
}
],
"word": "gloss"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "beglossed"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "glosse"
},
"expansion": "Middle English glosse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "glose"
},
"expansion": "glose",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "glōssa",
"4": "",
"5": "obsolete or foreign word requiring explanation"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin glōssa (“obsolete or foreign word requiring explanation”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "γλῶσσα",
"4": "",
"5": "language"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γλῶσσα (glôssa, “language”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "glossa"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of glossa",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English glosse, glose, from Late Latin glōssa (“obsolete or foreign word requiring explanation”), from Ancient Greek γλῶσσα (glôssa, “language”). Doublet of glossa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glosses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gloss (plural glosses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "glossary"
},
{
"word": "glossator"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1684, Samuel Butler, Hudibras",
"text": "All this, without a gloss or comment, / He would unriddle in a moment.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021, Mary Wellesley, The Gilded Page: The Secret Lives of Medieval Manuscripts, page 9",
"text": "He was a prolific annotator - writing around fifty thousand glosses in as many as twenty manuscripts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A brief explanatory note or translation of a foreign, archaic, technical, difficult, complex, or uncommon expression, inserted after the original, in the margin of a document, or between lines of a text."
],
"links": [
[
"explanatory",
"explanatory"
],
[
"translation",
"translation"
],
[
"foreign",
"foreign"
],
[
"archaic",
"archaic"
],
[
"technical",
"technical"
],
[
"expression",
"expression"
],
[
"margin",
"margin"
],
[
"text",
"text"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A brief explanatory note or translation of a foreign, archaic, technical, difficult, complex, or uncommon expression, inserted after the original, in the margin of a document, or between lines of a text."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "explanation"
},
{
"word": "note"
},
{
"word": "marginalia"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"A glossary; a collection of such notes."
],
"links": [
[
"glossary",
"glossary"
],
[
"collection",
"collection"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A glossary; a collection of such notes."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "glossary"
},
{
"word": "lexicon"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"An expression requiring such explanatory treatment."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, obsolete) An expression requiring such explanatory treatment."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"An extensive commentary on some text."
],
"links": [
[
"extensive",
"extensive"
],
[
"commentary",
"commentary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) An extensive commentary on some text."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "commentary"
},
{
"word": "discourse"
},
{
"word": "discussion"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1979, American Bar Foundation., Annotated code of professional responsibility, page ix",
"text": "This volume is thus not a narrowly defined treatment of the Code of Professional Responsibility but rather represents a \"common law\" gloss on it.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Bruce R. Hopkins., The law of tax-exempt organizations., page 76",
"text": "Judicial Gloss on Test [section title]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An interpretation by a court of a specific point within a statute or case law."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"statute",
"statute"
],
[
"case law",
"case law"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, law, US) An interpretation by a court of a specific point within a statute or case law."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gloss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg/En-us-gloss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "beležka v poleto",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бележка в полето"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glossa"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "gloso"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "selitys"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glose"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šenišvna",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "შენიშვნა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ganmarṭeba",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "განმარტება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Glosse"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Glossem"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"hypernym"
],
"word": "Erläuterung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"hyponym"
],
"word": "Randbemerkung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Randnotiz"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Fußnote"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "perúsh",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "פירוש"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gluais"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glossa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chiosa"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gurosu",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "グロス"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chūkai",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "注解"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "glose"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glosa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glosa"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glossa",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "глосса"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "гло̏са"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "glȍsa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "glosa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "glossa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "randanmärkning"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "mchan 'grel",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "མཆན་འགྲེལ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"word": "şerh"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hlosa",
"sense": "brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "глоса"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extensive commentary on some text",
"word": "selitys"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extensive commentary on some text",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Erläuterung"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "extensive commentary on some text",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glosa"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Glosas Emilianenses"
],
"word": "gloss"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gloss over"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "glossen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English glossen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "glosen"
},
"expansion": "glosen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "gloser"
},
"expansion": "Old French gloser",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "glossāre"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin glossāre",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English glossen, glosen, from Old French gloser and Medieval Latin glossāre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glosses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "glossing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "glossed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "glossed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gloss (third-person singular simple present glosses, present participle glossing, simple past and past participle glossed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To add a gloss to (a text)."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To add a gloss to (a text)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "annotate"
},
{
"word": "mark up"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gloss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg/En-us-gloss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-gloss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "selittää"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "kommentieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "beschriften"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "annotieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "mit einer Randnotiz versehen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "mit Anmerkungen versehen"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "glacar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to add a gloss to (a text)",
"word": "glosar"
}
],
"word": "gloss"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.