See crest in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crestal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crest cloud"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crestfallen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crestfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crestie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crestless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crestlike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crestline"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crest tile"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "flamecrest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "great crest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "helmetcrest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hillcrest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "iliac crest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "increst"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "infratemporal crest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "interior crest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "neural crest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "neural crest syndrome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "neurocrest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Pacific Crest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plovercrest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ride the crest of the wave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sagittal crest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Scotch crest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "undercrest cresyl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker- (turn)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "creste"
},
"expansion": "Middle English creste",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "creste"
},
"expansion": "Old French creste",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "crête"
},
"expansion": "French crête",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cræsta",
"t": "crest, tuft, plume"
},
"expansion": "Old English cræsta (“crest, tuft, plume”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*cresta"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cresta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "crista"
},
"expansion": "Latin crista",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crista"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of crista",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "logo"
},
"expansion": "sense 11",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "heraldry"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English creste, from Old French creste (modern French crête) and perhaps continuing Old English cræsta (“crest, tuft, plume”); both ultimately from Vulgar Latin *cresta, from Latin crista. Doublet of crista.\nThe informal meaning “design, logo” (sense 11) stems from a misinterpretation of the heraldic sense 4, which specifically refers to the object placed on top of the helm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crests",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crest (plural crests)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The summit of a hill or mountain ridge."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-noun-hDecb8nr",
"links": [
[
"summit",
"summit"
],
[
"mountain ridge",
"mountain ridge"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kreshtë"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "gagatʻ",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "գագաթ"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creastã"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carena"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kam"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bergkam"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "top"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "harja"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crête"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gipfel"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lóphos",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λόφος"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ámbōn",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ἄμβων"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vrv",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "врв"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "upane"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "tūtūātanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "setiɣ",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "ستیغ"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "cume"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "creastă"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "veršína",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "верши́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mullach"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cornisa"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "kam"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "bergskam"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 2 1 2 0 9 1 7 3 8 1 0",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresse"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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{
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{
"_dis": "6 15 15 13 1 4 2 7 3 4 1 18 2 4 3 2",
"kind": "place",
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"parents": [
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],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 32 17 16 0 0 8 6 1 1 1 17",
"sense": "skin on head of birds",
"word": "caruncle"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 32 17 16 0 0 8 6 1 1 1 17",
"sense": "skin on head of birds",
"word": "snood"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 32 17 16 0 0 8 6 1 1 1 17",
"sense": "skin on head of birds",
"word": "wattle"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A tuft, or other natural ornament, growing on an animal's head, for example the comb of a cockerel, the swelling on the head of a snake, the lengthened feathers of the crown or nape of bird, etc."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-noun-en:tuft",
"links": [
[
"tuft",
"tuft"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"comb",
"comb"
],
[
"cockerel",
"cockerel"
],
[
"feather",
"feather"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:tuft"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 32 17 16 0 0 8 6 1 1 1 17",
"sense": "skin on head of birds",
"word": "comb"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 32 17 16 0 0 8 6 1 1 1 17",
"sense": "skin on head of birds",
"word": "cockscomb"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "katar",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "կատար"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creastã"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "pipik"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "daraq"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grében",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гре́бен"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "guān",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "冠"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kuif"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "harja"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "heltta"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "töyhtö"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crête"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creste"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kamm"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Haube"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Krone"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lóphos",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λόφος"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "ציצית ראש"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "gombak"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "jambak"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "jambul"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "moing"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "curca"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tosaka",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "とさか"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "byeot",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "볏"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crista"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kačulka",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "качулка"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kikiriška",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кикиришка"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "grivna",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гривна"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "koukou"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ibik",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "ایبك"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pup",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "پوپ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "kâkol",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "کاکل"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xuč",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "خوچ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crista"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "creastă"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grébenʹ",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гре́бень"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grebešók",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гребешо́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xoxolók",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хохоло́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "gd",
"english": "cock's",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cìrean"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "uvor"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "penacho"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "copete"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "kam"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "ibik"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "mào"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 58 10 3 0 3 3 4 4 3 5 5",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresse"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 21 19 18 0 1 4 10 2 3 3 11 1 1 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 18 16 1 2 2 8 2 2 1 18 3 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 21 20 18 1 1 1 8 1 2 1 18 2 1 2 2",
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"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 13 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 12 16 2 4 4 7 5 4 3 16 3 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 17 1 2 5 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 18 1 2 3 6 3 3 2 21 3 2 2 3",
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{
"_dis": "2 18 13 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
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{
"_dis": "3 15 13 18 1 2 5 7 3 2 6 16 2 2 2 3",
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{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 19 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 16 1 2 4 7 4 4 5 17 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 15 15 16 1 3 3 6 3 3 2 16 4 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 18 3 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 20 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Friulian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 14 15 21 1 2 3 6 3 3 2 18 3 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 18 1 2 4 8 4 3 3 17 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 14 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 17 2 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 19 2 2 2 3",
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"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 22 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 19 3 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 16 19 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 20 3 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
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{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 20 2 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 16 19 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 20 3 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 14 18 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 17 2 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "2 18 13 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 17 15 16 1 3 4 7 4 5 2 16 2 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 20 2 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 17 1 2 3 6 3 3 3 21 3 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 13 12 17 1 2 6 8 5 2 4 19 2 1 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 14 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 17 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 14 17 1 2 4 7 3 7 2 14 3 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 18 1 2 4 6 3 4 4 18 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 18 3 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 22 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 19 3 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 19 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 19 3 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 14 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 17 18 1 2 2 7 2 3 1 19 3 3 3 3",
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"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "2 16 14 21 1 2 4 6 3 2 1 19 2 2 2 2",
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"_dis": "2 15 14 20 1 2 4 6 3 3 2 19 2 2 2 2",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 3 3 1 20 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 13 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 20 3 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 15 15 17 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 17 4 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 15 15 13 1 4 2 7 3 4 1 18 2 4 3 2",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "en:Landforms",
"parents": [
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"Places",
"Nature",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The plume of feathers, or other decoration, worn on or displayed on a helmet; the distinctive ornament of a helmet."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-noun-en:helmet",
"links": [
[
"plume",
"plume"
],
[
"helmet",
"helmet"
],
[
"ornament",
"ornament"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:helmet"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"note": "of horsehair",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crinera"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"note": "of feathers",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plomall"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluim"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"word": "töyhtö"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"word": "huppe"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"word": "aigrette"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lóphos",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λόφος"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cimiero"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crista"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kikiriška",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кикиришка"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "perjanica",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перјаница"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "čelenka",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "челенка"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"word": "puhipuhi"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"word": "hurutihi"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xūč",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "خوچ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluma"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crista"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pljumáž",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плюма́ж"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
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"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cimera"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crib"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 10 50 19 0 3 5 3 2 3 1 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tusw"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Heraldry",
"orig": "en:Heraldry",
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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},
{
"_dis": "2 21 19 18 0 1 4 10 2 3 3 11 1 1 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
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},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 27 1 2 2 6 2 2 1 12 3 3 3 3",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 18 18 16 1 2 2 8 2 2 1 18 3 2 2 3",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 18 13 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "4 12 12 16 2 4 4 7 5 4 3 16 3 2 3 3",
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"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 17 1 2 5 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 18 1 2 3 6 3 3 2 21 3 2 2 3",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 13 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "3 15 13 18 1 2 5 7 3 2 6 16 2 2 2 3",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 19 2 2 2 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 16 1 2 4 7 4 4 5 17 2 2 2 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "3 15 15 16 1 3 3 6 3 3 2 16 4 3 4 4",
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"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "3 14 14 20 1 2 3 6 2 3 2 15 4 3 3 4",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 20 2 2 2 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 14 15 21 1 2 3 6 3 3 2 18 3 2 2 3",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 18 1 2 4 8 4 3 3 17 2 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 18 14 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 17 2 2 2 2",
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{
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},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 22 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 19 3 2 3 3",
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"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 16 16 19 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 20 3 2 3 3",
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{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 20 2 2 2 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 16 16 19 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 20 3 2 3 3",
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "2 18 13 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 17 1 2 3 6 3 3 3 21 3 2 2 3",
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"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 13 12 17 1 2 6 8 5 2 4 19 2 1 2 3",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 18 14 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 17 2 2 2 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 15 14 17 1 2 4 7 3 7 2 14 3 3 3 3",
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"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 18 1 2 4 6 3 4 4 18 2 2 2 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 18 3 2 2 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 22 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 19 3 2 3 3",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 19 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 19 3 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 17 14 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 17 18 1 2 2 7 2 3 1 19 3 3 3 3",
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"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 21 1 2 4 6 3 2 1 19 2 2 2 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 15 14 20 1 2 4 6 3 3 2 19 2 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 3 3 1 20 2 2 2 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 18 13 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 20 3 2 2 2",
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"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 15 15 17 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 17 4 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 15 15 13 1 4 2 7 3 4 1 18 2 4 3 2",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "en:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:",
"text": "I liked the man for his own sake, and even had he promised to turn out a celebrity it would have had no weight with me. I look upon notoriety with the same indifference as on the buttons on a man's shirt-front, or the crest on his note-paper.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bearing worn, not upon the shield, but usually on a helmet above it, sometimes (as for clerics) separately above the shield or separately as a mark for plate, in letterheads, and the like."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-noun-en:heraldry",
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"helmet",
"helmet"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) A bearing worn, not upon the shield, but usually on a helmet above it, sometimes (as for clerics) separately above the shield or separately as a mark for plate, in letterheads, and the like."
],
"senseid": [
"en:heraldry"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "klenot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "helmteken"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"word": "kypäränkoriste"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cimier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Helmzier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Zimir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Helmkleinod"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "timbro"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cimiero"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "čelenka",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "челенка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "klejnot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "timbre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cimera"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hjälmprydnad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 15 51 0 0 1 6 1 1 0 10",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "krest"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The upper curve of a horse's neck."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-noun-p~HD3CIH",
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"neck",
"neck"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "griva",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грива"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"word": "harja"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crinière"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "buaic capaill"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "criniera"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "griva",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грива"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gríva",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гри́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xólka",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хо́лка"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The ridge or top of a wave."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-noun-R869JiuE",
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"wave",
"wave"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creastã"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grében",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гре́бен"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kam"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "golfkam"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "golftop"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"word": "harja"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crête"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Wellenkamm"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Wellenspitze"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lûtke"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "greben",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гребен"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"word": "puncak"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crista (da/de onda)"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"word": "creastă"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grébenʹ",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гре́бень"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mullach"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bàrr"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"english": "top",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vågtopp"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "topp"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"english": "ridge",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vågkam"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kam"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"word": "tuktok"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"word": "đỉnh sóng"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 1 1 1 0 65 1 7 4 9 0 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"word": "ngọn sóng"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The helm or head, as typical of a high spirit; pride; courage."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-noun-aer4HQ-T",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 9 5 8 0 2 63 3 3 2 2 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "helm or head",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fjuhull"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 5 8 0 2 63 3 3 2 2 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kresta",
"sense": "helm or head",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "креста"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 5 8 0 2 63 3 3 2 2 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "puvka",
"sense": "helm or head",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пувка"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 5 8 0 2 63 3 3 2 2 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "helm or head",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elmo"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The ornamental finishing which surmounts the ridge of a roof, canopy, etc."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-noun-o8nUDAZ-",
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"roof",
"roof"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 7 6 5 0 3 4 59 3 3 5 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ornamental finishing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crête"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 6 5 0 3 4 59 3 3 5 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "ornamental finishing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "aresta"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 6 5 0 3 4 59 3 3 5 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "konjók",
"sense": "ornamental finishing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "конёк"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The top line of a slope or embankment."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-noun-Hk-LGdjr",
"links": [
[
"embankment",
"embankment"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 3 3 4 0 5 2 3 65 4 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "top line of a slope",
"word": "harja"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 3 3 4 0 5 2 3 65 4 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "top line of a slope",
"word": "harjaviiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 3 3 4 0 5 2 3 65 4 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "top line of a slope",
"word": "upane"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 3 3 4 0 5 2 3 65 4 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grébenʹ",
"sense": "top line of a slope",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гре́бень"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A ridge along the surface of a bone."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-noun-Kt~CGOTn",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) A ridge along the surface of a bone."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 5 3 3 1 12 1 10 3 47 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "anatomy: ridge along the surface of a bone",
"word": "harja"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 April 26, Tasha Robinson, “Film: Reviews: The Pirates! Band Of Misfits :”, in The Onion AV Club:",
"text": "Hungry for fame and the approval of rare-animal collector Queen Victoria (Imelda Staunton), Darwin deceives the Captain and his crew into believing they can get enough booty to win the pirate competition by entering Polly in a science fair. So the pirates journey to London in cheerful, blinkered defiance of the Queen, a hotheaded schemer whose royal crest reads simply “I hate pirates.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A design or logo, especially one of an institution, sports club, association or high-class family."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-noun-en:logo",
"links": [
[
"design",
"design"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A design or logo, especially one of an institution, sports club, association or high-class family."
],
"senseid": [
"en:logo"
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 21 19 18 0 1 4 10 2 3 3 11 1 1 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 18 16 1 2 2 8 2 2 1 18 3 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 21 20 18 1 1 1 8 1 2 1 18 2 1 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 13 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 12 16 2 4 4 7 5 4 3 16 3 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 17 1 2 5 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 18 1 2 3 6 3 3 2 21 3 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Aromanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 13 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 15 13 18 1 2 5 7 3 2 6 16 2 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 19 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 16 1 2 4 7 4 4 5 17 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 15 15 16 1 3 3 6 3 3 2 16 4 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 18 3 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 20 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Friulian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 14 15 21 1 2 3 6 3 3 2 18 3 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 18 1 2 4 8 4 3 3 17 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 14 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 17 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 19 2 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 22 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 19 3 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 16 19 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 20 3 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 20 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 16 19 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 20 3 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 14 18 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 17 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 13 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 17 15 16 1 3 4 7 4 5 2 16 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 20 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 19 19 19 0 1 2 7 1 1 1 26 1 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 17 1 2 3 6 3 3 3 21 3 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 13 12 17 1 2 6 8 5 2 4 19 2 1 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 14 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 17 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 14 17 1 2 4 7 3 7 2 14 3 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 18 1 2 4 6 3 4 4 18 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 18 3 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 15 22 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 19 3 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 19 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 19 3 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 14 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 17 18 1 2 2 7 2 3 1 19 3 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 21 1 2 4 6 3 2 1 19 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 14 20 1 2 4 6 3 3 2 19 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 3 3 1 20 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 13 17 1 2 4 6 3 3 4 19 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 14 18 1 2 4 6 4 3 2 20 3 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 15 15 17 1 2 2 6 2 3 1 17 4 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 15 15 13 1 4 2 7 3 4 1 18 2 4 3 2",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "en:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 19 18 16 1 1 2 6 2 2 1 26 1 1 1 1",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Perching birds",
"orig": "en:Perching birds",
"parents": [
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of several birds in the family Regulidae, including the goldcrests and firecrests."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-noun-Q94~PAFU",
"links": [
[
"Regulidae",
"Regulidae#Translingual"
],
[
"goldcrest",
"goldcrest"
],
[
"firecrest",
"firecrest"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-crest.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crest.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crest.wav.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"crest"
],
"word": "crest"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker- (turn)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "creste"
},
"expansion": "Middle English creste",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "creste"
},
"expansion": "Old French creste",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "crête"
},
"expansion": "French crête",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cræsta",
"t": "crest, tuft, plume"
},
"expansion": "Old English cræsta (“crest, tuft, plume”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*cresta"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cresta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "crista"
},
"expansion": "Latin crista",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crista"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of crista",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "logo"
},
"expansion": "sense 11",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "heraldry"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English creste, from Old French creste (modern French crête) and perhaps continuing Old English cræsta (“crest, tuft, plume”); both ultimately from Vulgar Latin *cresta, from Latin crista. Doublet of crista.\nThe informal meaning “design, logo” (sense 11) stems from a misinterpretation of the heraldic sense 4, which specifically refers to the object placed on top of the helm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crests",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cresting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "crested",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "crested",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "crest (third-person singular simple present crests, present participle cresting, simple past and past participle crested)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Particularly with reference to waves, to reach a peak."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-verb-3uVliDXj",
"links": [
[
"wave",
"wave"
],
[
"reach",
"reach"
],
[
"peak",
"peak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) Particularly with reference to waves, to reach a peak."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019 November 21, Samanth Subramanian, “How our home delivery habit reshaped the world”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "the land rolls gently, so that, upon cresting a low rise or passing a copse of wind turbines, you suddenly spot a lot full of lorries or a complex of gigantic sheds.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To reach the crest of (e.g. a hill or mountain)."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-verb-BSbOVxpS",
"links": [
[
"reach",
"reach"
],
[
"crest",
"crest"
],
[
"hill",
"hill"
],
[
"mountain",
"mountain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To reach the crest of (e.g. a hill or mountain)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 86 1 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reach the crest of (a hill or mountain)",
"word": "erklimmen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1606–1607 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:",
"text": "His legs bestrid the ocean, his reared arm / Crested the world.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1815, William Wordsworth, Extracts from An Evening Walk:",
"text": "groves of clouds that crest the mountain's brow",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To furnish with, or surmount as, a crest; to serve as a crest for."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-verb-JLSh14Hb",
"links": [
[
"furnish",
"furnish"
],
[
"surmount",
"surmount"
],
[
"serve",
"serve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To furnish with, or surmount as, a crest; to serve as a crest for."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 13:",
"text": "Like as the shining skie in summers night, / What time the dayes with scorching heat abound, / Is creasted all with lines of firie light",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To mark with lines or streaks like waving plumes."
],
"id": "en-crest-en-verb-fq0D3PKz",
"links": [
[
"mark",
"mark"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"streak",
"streak"
],
[
"waving",
"wave"
],
[
"plume",
"plume"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To mark with lines or streaks like waving plumes."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
},
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"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-crest.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crest.wav.mp3",
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],
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],
"word": "crest"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker- (turn)",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Aromanian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Landforms",
"en:Perching birds"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"sense": "skin on head of birds",
"word": "caruncle"
},
{
"sense": "skin on head of birds",
"word": "snood"
},
{
"sense": "skin on head of birds",
"word": "wattle"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "crestal"
},
{
"word": "crest cloud"
},
{
"word": "crestfallen"
},
{
"word": "crestfish"
},
{
"word": "crestie"
},
{
"word": "crestless"
},
{
"word": "crestlike"
},
{
"word": "crestline"
},
{
"word": "crest tile"
},
{
"word": "flamecrest"
},
{
"word": "great crest"
},
{
"word": "helmetcrest"
},
{
"word": "hillcrest"
},
{
"word": "iliac crest"
},
{
"word": "increst"
},
{
"word": "infratemporal crest"
},
{
"word": "interior crest"
},
{
"word": "neural crest"
},
{
"word": "neural crest syndrome"
},
{
"word": "neurocrest"
},
{
"word": "Pacific Crest"
},
{
"word": "plovercrest"
},
{
"word": "ride the crest of the wave"
},
{
"word": "sagittal crest"
},
{
"word": "Scotch crest"
},
{
"word": "undercrest cresyl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker- (turn)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "creste"
},
"expansion": "Middle English creste",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "creste"
},
"expansion": "Old French creste",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "crête"
},
"expansion": "French crête",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cræsta",
"t": "crest, tuft, plume"
},
"expansion": "Old English cræsta (“crest, tuft, plume”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*cresta"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cresta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "crista"
},
"expansion": "Latin crista",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crista"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of crista",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "logo"
},
"expansion": "sense 11",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "heraldry"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English creste, from Old French creste (modern French crête) and perhaps continuing Old English cræsta (“crest, tuft, plume”); both ultimately from Vulgar Latin *cresta, from Latin crista. Doublet of crista.\nThe informal meaning “design, logo” (sense 11) stems from a misinterpretation of the heraldic sense 4, which specifically refers to the object placed on top of the helm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crests",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crest (plural crests)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The summit of a hill or mountain ridge."
],
"links": [
[
"summit",
"summit"
],
[
"mountain ridge",
"mountain ridge"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A tuft, or other natural ornament, growing on an animal's head, for example the comb of a cockerel, the swelling on the head of a snake, the lengthened feathers of the crown or nape of bird, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"tuft",
"tuft"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"comb",
"comb"
],
[
"cockerel",
"cockerel"
],
[
"feather",
"feather"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:tuft"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The plume of feathers, or other decoration, worn on or displayed on a helmet; the distinctive ornament of a helmet."
],
"links": [
[
"plume",
"plume"
],
[
"helmet",
"helmet"
],
[
"ornament",
"ornament"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:helmet"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Heraldry"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:",
"text": "I liked the man for his own sake, and even had he promised to turn out a celebrity it would have had no weight with me. I look upon notoriety with the same indifference as on the buttons on a man's shirt-front, or the crest on his note-paper.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bearing worn, not upon the shield, but usually on a helmet above it, sometimes (as for clerics) separately above the shield or separately as a mark for plate, in letterheads, and the like."
],
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"helmet",
"helmet"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) A bearing worn, not upon the shield, but usually on a helmet above it, sometimes (as for clerics) separately above the shield or separately as a mark for plate, in letterheads, and the like."
],
"senseid": [
"en:heraldry"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The upper curve of a horse's neck."
],
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"neck",
"neck"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The ridge or top of a wave."
],
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"wave",
"wave"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The helm or head, as typical of a high spirit; pride; courage."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The ornamental finishing which surmounts the ridge of a roof, canopy, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"roof",
"roof"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The top line of a slope or embankment."
],
"links": [
[
"embankment",
"embankment"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"A ridge along the surface of a bone."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) A ridge along the surface of a bone."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 April 26, Tasha Robinson, “Film: Reviews: The Pirates! Band Of Misfits :”, in The Onion AV Club:",
"text": "Hungry for fame and the approval of rare-animal collector Queen Victoria (Imelda Staunton), Darwin deceives the Captain and his crew into believing they can get enough booty to win the pirate competition by entering Polly in a science fair. So the pirates journey to London in cheerful, blinkered defiance of the Queen, a hotheaded schemer whose royal crest reads simply “I hate pirates.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A design or logo, especially one of an institution, sports club, association or high-class family."
],
"links": [
[
"design",
"design"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A design or logo, especially one of an institution, sports club, association or high-class family."
],
"senseid": [
"en:logo"
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any of several birds in the family Regulidae, including the goldcrests and firecrests."
],
"links": [
[
"Regulidae",
"Regulidae#Translingual"
],
[
"goldcrest",
"goldcrest"
],
[
"firecrest",
"firecrest"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-crest.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crest.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crest.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "skin on head of birds",
"word": "comb"
},
{
"sense": "skin on head of birds",
"word": "cockscomb"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kreshtë"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "gagatʻ",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "գագաթ"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creastã"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carena"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kam"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bergkam"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "top"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "harja"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crête"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gipfel"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lóphos",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λόφος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ámbōn",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ἄμβων"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vrv",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "врв"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "upane"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "tūtūātanga"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "setiɣ",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "ستیغ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "cume"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "creastă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "veršína",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "верши́на"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mullach"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cornisa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "kam"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"word": "bergskam"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "summit of a hill or mountain ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresse"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "katar",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "կատար"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creastã"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "pipik"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "daraq"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grében",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гре́бен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "guān",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "冠"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kuif"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "harja"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "heltta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "töyhtö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crête"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creste"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kamm"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Haube"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Krone"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lóphos",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λόφος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "ציצית ראש"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "gombak"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "jambak"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "jambul"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "moing"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "curca"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tosaka",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "とさか"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "byeot",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "볏"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crista"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kačulka",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "качулка"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kikiriška",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кикиришка"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "grivna",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гривна"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "koukou"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ibik",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "ایبك"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pup",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "پوپ"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "kâkol",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "کاکل"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xuč",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "خوچ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crista"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "creastă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grébenʹ",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гре́бень"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grebešók",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гребешо́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xoxolók",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хохоло́к"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"english": "cock's",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cìrean"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "uvor"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "penacho"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "copete"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "kam"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "ibik"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"word": "mào"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "animal’s or bird’s tuft",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresse"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"note": "of horsehair",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crinera"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"note": "of feathers",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plomall"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluim"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"word": "töyhtö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"word": "huppe"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"word": "aigrette"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lóphos",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λόφος"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cimiero"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crista"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kikiriška",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кикиришка"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "perjanica",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перјаница"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "čelenka",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "челенка"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"word": "puhipuhi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"word": "hurutihi"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xūč",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "خوچ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluma"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crista"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pljumáž",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плюма́ж"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cimera"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crib"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "plume or decoration on a helmet",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tusw"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "klenot"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "helmteken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"word": "kypäränkoriste"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cimier"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Helmzier"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Zimir"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Helmkleinod"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "timbro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cimiero"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "čelenka",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "челенка"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "klejnot"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "timbre"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cimera"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hjälmprydnad"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "heraldic bearing",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "krest"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "griva",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грива"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"word": "harja"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crinière"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "buaic capaill"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crine"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "criniera"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "griva",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грива"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crina"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gríva",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гри́ва"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xólka",
"sense": "upper curve of horse's neck",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хо́лка"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creastã"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grében",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гре́бен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kam"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "golfkam"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "golftop"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"word": "harja"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crête"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Wellenkamm"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Wellenspitze"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lûtke"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "greben",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гребен"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"word": "puncak"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crista (da/de onda)"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"word": "creastă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grébenʹ",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гре́бень"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mullach"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bàrr"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"english": "top",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vågtopp"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "topp"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"english": "ridge",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vågkam"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kam"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"word": "tuktok"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"word": "đỉnh sóng"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "ridge or top of a wave",
"word": "ngọn sóng"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "helm or head",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fjuhull"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kresta",
"sense": "helm or head",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "креста"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "puvka",
"sense": "helm or head",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пувка"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "helm or head",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elmo"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ornamental finishing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crête"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "ornamental finishing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "aresta"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "konjók",
"sense": "ornamental finishing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "конёк"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "top line of a slope",
"word": "harja"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "top line of a slope",
"word": "harjaviiva"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "top line of a slope",
"word": "upane"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grébenʹ",
"sense": "top line of a slope",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гре́бень"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "anatomy: ridge along the surface of a bone",
"word": "harja"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"crest"
],
"word": "crest"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker- (turn)",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Aromanian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Landforms",
"en:Perching birds"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker- (turn)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "creste"
},
"expansion": "Middle English creste",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "creste"
},
"expansion": "Old French creste",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "crête"
},
"expansion": "French crête",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cræsta",
"t": "crest, tuft, plume"
},
"expansion": "Old English cræsta (“crest, tuft, plume”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*cresta"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cresta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "crista"
},
"expansion": "Latin crista",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crista"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of crista",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "logo"
},
"expansion": "sense 11",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "heraldry"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English creste, from Old French creste (modern French crête) and perhaps continuing Old English cræsta (“crest, tuft, plume”); both ultimately from Vulgar Latin *cresta, from Latin crista. Doublet of crista.\nThe informal meaning “design, logo” (sense 11) stems from a misinterpretation of the heraldic sense 4, which specifically refers to the object placed on top of the helm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crests",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cresting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "crested",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "crested",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crest (third-person singular simple present crests, present participle cresting, simple past and past participle crested)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Particularly with reference to waves, to reach a peak."
],
"links": [
[
"wave",
"wave"
],
[
"reach",
"reach"
],
[
"peak",
"peak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) Particularly with reference to waves, to reach a peak."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019 November 21, Samanth Subramanian, “How our home delivery habit reshaped the world”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "the land rolls gently, so that, upon cresting a low rise or passing a copse of wind turbines, you suddenly spot a lot full of lorries or a complex of gigantic sheds.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To reach the crest of (e.g. a hill or mountain)."
],
"links": [
[
"reach",
"reach"
],
[
"crest",
"crest"
],
[
"hill",
"hill"
],
[
"mountain",
"mountain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To reach the crest of (e.g. a hill or mountain)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1606–1607 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:",
"text": "His legs bestrid the ocean, his reared arm / Crested the world.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1815, William Wordsworth, Extracts from An Evening Walk:",
"text": "groves of clouds that crest the mountain's brow",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To furnish with, or surmount as, a crest; to serve as a crest for."
],
"links": [
[
"furnish",
"furnish"
],
[
"surmount",
"surmount"
],
[
"serve",
"serve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To furnish with, or surmount as, a crest; to serve as a crest for."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 13:",
"text": "Like as the shining skie in summers night, / What time the dayes with scorching heat abound, / Is creasted all with lines of firie light",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To mark with lines or streaks like waving plumes."
],
"links": [
[
"mark",
"mark"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"streak",
"streak"
],
[
"waving",
"wave"
],
[
"plume",
"plume"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To mark with lines or streaks like waving plumes."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-crest.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crest.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crest.wav.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reach the crest of (a hill or mountain)",
"word": "erklimmen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"crest"
],
"word": "crest"
}
Download raw JSONL data for crest meaning in English (34.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.