See top in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for top meaning in Dutch (5.9kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "top"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch top",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "topp"
},
"expansion": "topp",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*topp"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *topp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*top"
},
"expansion": "*top",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*topp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *topp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tuppaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tuppaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch top, topp, from Old Dutch *topp, *top, from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "top",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"top"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "top-"
},
{
"word": "toppie"
}
],
"glosses": [
"great, very good"
],
"id": "en-top-nl-adj-TIsVwqIx",
"links": [
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"good",
"good"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) great, very good"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɔp/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔp"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-top.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Nl-top.ogg/Nl-top.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Nl-top.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "top"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "bodem"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bergtop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "klimaattop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "subtop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "toppunt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "topsport"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vingertop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vredestop"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "top"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: top",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: top"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "top"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch top",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "topp"
},
"expansion": "topp",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*topp"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *topp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*top"
},
"expansion": "*top",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*topp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *topp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tuppaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tuppaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch top, topp, from Old Dutch *topp, *top, from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toppen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "topje"
},
"expansion": "top m (plural toppen, diminutive topje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"top"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"top (uppermost part)"
],
"id": "en-top-nl-noun-V-9Ym4-N",
"links": [
[
"top",
"top#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"apex"
],
"id": "en-top-nl-noun-hGvl~FQc",
"links": [
[
"apex",
"apex"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) apex"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"summit, peak (high point of a mountain or object)"
],
"id": "en-top-nl-noun-ti7qlr7t",
"links": [
[
"summit",
"summit#English"
],
[
"peak",
"peak#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"summit, highest-level assembly"
],
"id": "en-top-nl-noun-5IdQOJ2p",
"links": [
[
"summit",
"summit#English"
],
[
"assembly",
"assembly#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dominant role or partner in BDSM-interaction"
],
"id": "en-top-nl-noun-R4wSj4Ia",
"links": [
[
"dominant",
"dominant"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"top (piece of women's clothing)"
],
"id": "en-top-nl-noun-sd~iHFvl",
"links": [
[
"top",
"top#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɔp/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔp"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-top.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Nl-top.ogg/Nl-top.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Nl-top.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "top"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "top"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch top",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "topp"
},
"expansion": "topp",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*topp"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *topp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*top"
},
"expansion": "*top",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*topp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *topp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tuppaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tuppaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch top, topp, from Old Dutch *topp, *top, from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "top",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"top"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 1 8 6 6 23 1 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "toppen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present indicative of toppen"
],
"id": "en-top-nl-verb-KKE-8buv",
"links": [
[
"toppen",
"toppen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(denominal) first-person singular present indicative of toppen"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɔp/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔp"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-top.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Nl-top.ogg/Nl-top.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Nl-top.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "top"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɔp",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɔp/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "top-"
},
{
"word": "toppie"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "top"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch top",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "topp"
},
"expansion": "topp",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*topp"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *topp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*top"
},
"expansion": "*top",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*topp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *topp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tuppaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tuppaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch top, topp, from Old Dutch *topp, *top, from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "top",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"top"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"great, very good"
],
"links": [
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"good",
"good"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) great, very good"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɔp/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔp"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-top.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Nl-top.ogg/Nl-top.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Nl-top.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "top"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "bodem"
}
],
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɔp",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɔp/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bergtop"
},
{
"word": "klimaattop"
},
{
"word": "subtop"
},
{
"word": "toppunt"
},
{
"word": "topsport"
},
{
"word": "vingertop"
},
{
"word": "vredestop"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "top"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: top",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: top"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "top"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch top",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "topp"
},
"expansion": "topp",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*topp"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *topp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*top"
},
"expansion": "*top",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*topp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *topp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tuppaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tuppaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch top, topp, from Old Dutch *topp, *top, from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toppen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "topje"
},
"expansion": "top m (plural toppen, diminutive topje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"top"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"top (uppermost part)"
],
"links": [
[
"top",
"top#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"apex"
],
"links": [
[
"apex",
"apex"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) apex"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"summit, peak (high point of a mountain or object)"
],
"links": [
[
"summit",
"summit#English"
],
[
"peak",
"peak#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"summit, highest-level assembly"
],
"links": [
[
"summit",
"summit#English"
],
[
"assembly",
"assembly#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dominant role or partner in BDSM-interaction"
],
"links": [
[
"dominant",
"dominant"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"top (piece of women's clothing)"
],
"links": [
[
"top",
"top#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɔp/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔp"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-top.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Nl-top.ogg/Nl-top.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Nl-top.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "top"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɔp",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɔp/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "top"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch top",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "topp"
},
"expansion": "topp",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*topp"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *topp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*top"
},
"expansion": "*top",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*topp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *topp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tuppaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tuppaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch top, topp, from Old Dutch *topp, *top, from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "top",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"top"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "toppen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present indicative of toppen"
],
"links": [
[
"toppen",
"toppen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(denominal) first-person singular present indicative of toppen"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɔp/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔp"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-top.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Nl-top.ogg/Nl-top.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Nl-top.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "top"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.