"beneath" meaning in English

See beneath in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adverb

IPA: /bɪˈniːθ/ Audio: en-us-beneath.ogg [US]
Rhymes: -iːθ Etymology: From Middle English benethe, from Old English bineoþan (“beneath, under, below”), equivalent to be- + neath. Cognate with Low German benedden (“beneath”), Dutch beneden (“beneath, under, down”), obsolete German benieden (“below”). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|benethe}} Middle English benethe, {{inh|en|ang|bineoþan||beneath, under, below}} Old English bineoþan (“beneath, under, below”), {{prefix|en|be|neath}} be- + neath, {{cog|nds|benedden||beneath}} Low German benedden (“beneath”), {{cog|nl|beneden||beneath, under, down}} Dutch beneden (“beneath, under, down”), {{cog|de|benieden||below}} German benieden (“below”) Head templates: {{head|en|adverb}} beneath
  1. Below or underneath. Translations (below or underneath): تَحْت (taḥt) (Arabic), تحت (taḥt) [Egyptian-Arabic] (Arabic), sota (Catalan), onder (Dutch), beneden (Dutch), sube (Esperanto), alla (Finnish), dessous (French), abaixo (Galician), so (Galician), lent (Hungarian), alul (Hungarian), ar íochtar (Irish), sotto (Italian), 아래에 (araee) (Korean), subtus (Latin), subter (Latin), pod (Polish), poniżej (Polish), abaixo (Portuguese), embaixo (Portuguese), ispod (Serbo-Croatian), bajo (Spanish), under (Swedish), ñor (Tocharian B), під (pid) (Ukrainian), ни́жче (nýžče) (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-beneath-en-adv-KJaHbgvK Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English locatives Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 38 40 1 21 Disambiguation of English locatives: 37 36 2 25
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: beneathe [obsolete], neath [poetry, writing, journalism, literature, communications, publishing, media]

Preposition

IPA: /bɪˈniːθ/ Audio: en-us-beneath.ogg [US]
Rhymes: -iːθ Etymology: From Middle English benethe, from Old English bineoþan (“beneath, under, below”), equivalent to be- + neath. Cognate with Low German benedden (“beneath”), Dutch beneden (“beneath, under, down”), obsolete German benieden (“below”). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|benethe}} Middle English benethe, {{inh|en|ang|bineoþan||beneath, under, below}} Old English bineoþan (“beneath, under, below”), {{prefix|en|be|neath}} be- + neath, {{cog|nds|benedden||beneath}} Low German benedden (“beneath”), {{cog|nl|beneden||beneath, under, down}} Dutch beneden (“beneath, under, down”), {{cog|de|benieden||below}} German benieden (“below”) Head templates: {{head|en|prepositions|head=}} beneath, {{en-prep}} beneath
  1. Below. Translations (below): ὑπό (hupó) [with-accusative] (Ancient Greek), أَسْفَل (ʔasfal) (Arabic), تحت (taḥt) [Egyptian-Arabic] (Arabic), տակ (tak) (Armenian), отдолу (otdolu) (Bulgarian), под (pod) (Bulgarian), sota (Catalan), pod (Czech), onder (Dutch), sub (Esperanto), alla (Finnish), alapuolella (Finnish), sous (French), unter (German), alatt (Hungarian), alá (Hungarian), faoi bhun (Irish), sub (alt: + acc. or abl.) (Latin), under (Norwegian), embaixo de (Portuguese), sub (Romanian), dedesubt (Romanian), под (pod) (Russian), aneath (Scots), fo (Scottish Gaelic), ispod (Serbo-Croatian), pod (Serbo-Croatian), bajo de (Spanish), abajo de (Spanish), під (pid) (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-beneath-en-prep-QfY-GjFZ Categories (other): English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English locatives Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 38 40 1 21 Disambiguation of English locatives: 37 36 2 25 Disambiguation of 'below': 100 0 0
  2. In a position that is lower in rank, dignity, etc. Translations (to a lower position): onder (Dutch), alle (Finnish), alapuolelle (Finnish), unter (German), ни́же (níže) (Russian), naniže (Serbo-Croatian), ни́жче (nýžče) (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-beneath-en-prep-s8WMTvOR Disambiguation of 'to a lower position': 0 100 0
  3. Covered up or concealed by something. Translations (concealed or covered up): onder (Dutch), alla (Finnish), alatt (Hungarian), pokriven (Serbo-Croatian)
    Sense id: en-beneath-en-prep-1fHEW5fb Categories (other): English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English locatives, English prepositions, English terms prefixed with be- Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 38 40 1 21 Disambiguation of English locatives: 37 36 2 25 Disambiguation of English prepositions: 20 28 16 35 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with be-: 22 15 5 58 Disambiguation of 'concealed or covered up': 4 0 96
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: beneathe [obsolete], neath [poetry, writing, journalism, literature, communications, publishing, media] Derived forms: beneath contempt, beneath the surface

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for beneath meaning in English (12.9kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "benethe"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English benethe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bineoþan",
        "4": "",
        "5": "beneath, under, below"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bineoþan (“beneath, under, below”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "be",
        "3": "neath"
      },
      "expansion": "be- + neath",
      "name": "prefix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "benedden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beneath"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German benedden (“beneath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "beneden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beneath, under, down"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch beneden (“beneath, under, down”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "benieden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "below"
      },
      "expansion": "German benieden (“below”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English benethe, from Old English bineoþan (“beneath, under, below”), equivalent to be- + neath. Cognate with Low German benedden (“beneath”), Dutch beneden (“beneath, under, down”), obsolete German benieden (“below”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "beneath",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 40 1 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 36 2 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English locatives",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2013 May 11, “The climate of Tibet: Pole-land”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8835, page 80",
          "text": "Of all the transitions brought about on the Earth’s surface by temperature change, the melting of ice into water is the starkest. It is binary. And for the land beneath, the air above and the life around, it changes everything.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Below or underneath."
      ],
      "id": "en-beneath-en-adv-KJaHbgvK",
      "links": [
        [
          "Below",
          "below"
        ],
        [
          "underneath",
          "underneath"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "taḥt",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "تَحْت"
        },
        {
          "code": "arz",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "taḥt",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "tags": [
            "Egyptian-Arabic"
          ],
          "word": "تحت"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "sota"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "onder"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "beneden"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "sube"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "alla"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "dessous"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "abaixo"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "so"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "lent"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "alul"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "ar íochtar"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "sotto"
        },
        {
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "araee",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "아래에"
        },
        {
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "subtus"
        },
        {
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "subter"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "pod"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "poniżej"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "abaixo"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "embaixo"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "ispod"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "bajo"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "under"
        },
        {
          "code": "txb",
          "lang": "Tocharian B",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "ñor"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "pid",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "під"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "nýžče",
          "sense": "below or underneath",
          "word": "ни́жче"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bɪˈniːθ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːθ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-beneath.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/En-us-beneath.ogg/En-us-beneath.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/En-us-beneath.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "beneathe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "topics": [
        "poetry",
        "writing",
        "journalism",
        "literature",
        "communications",
        "publishing",
        "media"
      ],
      "word": "neath"
    }
  ],
  "word": "beneath"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "beneath contempt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "beneath the surface"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "benethe"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English benethe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bineoþan",
        "4": "",
        "5": "beneath, under, below"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bineoþan (“beneath, under, below”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "be",
        "3": "neath"
      },
      "expansion": "be- + neath",
      "name": "prefix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "benedden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beneath"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German benedden (“beneath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "beneden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beneath, under, down"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch beneden (“beneath, under, down”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "benieden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "below"
      },
      "expansion": "German benieden (“below”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English benethe, from Old English bineoþan (“beneath, under, below”), equivalent to be- + neath. Cognate with Low German benedden (“beneath”), Dutch beneden (“beneath, under, down”), obsolete German benieden (“below”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prepositions",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "beneath",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "beneath",
      "name": "en-prep"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 40 1 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 36 2 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English locatives",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "1718, Alexander Pope, epitaph to Nicholas Rowe\nBeneath a rude and nameless stone he lies."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Below."
      ],
      "id": "en-beneath-en-prep-QfY-GjFZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "Below",
          "below"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʔasfal",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "أَسْفَل"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "arz",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "taḥt",
          "sense": "below",
          "tags": [
            "Egyptian-Arabic"
          ],
          "word": "تحت"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "tak",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "տակ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "otdolu",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "отдолу"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "pod",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "под"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "sota"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "pod"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "onder"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "sub"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "alla"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "alapuolella"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "sous"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "unter"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "hupó",
          "sense": "below",
          "tags": [
            "with-accusative"
          ],
          "word": "ὑπό"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "alatt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "alá"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "faoi bhun"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "alt": "+ acc. or abl.",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "sub"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "under"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "embaixo de"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "sub"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "dedesubt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "pod",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "под"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "aneath"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "fo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "ispod"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "pod"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "bajo de"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "abajo de"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "pid",
          "sense": "below",
          "word": "під"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Their despicable behaviour is beneath contempt.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "a.''' 1730, Francis Atterbury, in The Grub-Street Journal, Volume 1",
          "text": "He will do nothing that is beneath his high station."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "In a position that is lower in rank, dignity, etc."
      ],
      "id": "en-beneath-en-prep-s8WMTvOR",
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100 0",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to a lower position",
          "word": "onder"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to a lower position",
          "word": "alle"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to a lower position",
          "word": "alapuolelle"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to a lower position",
          "word": "unter"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "níže",
          "sense": "to a lower position",
          "word": "ни́же"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100 0",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "to a lower position",
          "word": "naniže"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100 0",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "nýžče",
          "sense": "to a lower position",
          "word": "ни́жче"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 40 1 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 36 2 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English locatives",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 28 16 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 15 5 58",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with be-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Covered up or concealed by something."
      ],
      "id": "en-beneath-en-prep-1fHEW5fb",
      "links": [
        [
          "Cover",
          "cover"
        ],
        [
          "conceal",
          "conceal"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "4 0 96",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "concealed or covered up",
          "word": "onder"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 0 96",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "concealed or covered up",
          "word": "alla"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 0 96",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "concealed or covered up",
          "word": "alatt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 0 96",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "concealed or covered up",
          "word": "pokriven"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bɪˈniːθ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːθ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-beneath.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/En-us-beneath.ogg/En-us-beneath.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/En-us-beneath.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "beneathe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "topics": [
        "poetry",
        "writing",
        "journalism",
        "literature",
        "communications",
        "publishing",
        "media"
      ],
      "word": "neath"
    }
  ],
  "word": "beneath"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English adverbs",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English locatives",
    "English prepositions",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms prefixed with be-",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:English/iːθ",
    "Rhymes:English/iːθ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "benethe"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English benethe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bineoþan",
        "4": "",
        "5": "beneath, under, below"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bineoþan (“beneath, under, below”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "be",
        "3": "neath"
      },
      "expansion": "be- + neath",
      "name": "prefix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "benedden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beneath"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German benedden (“beneath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "beneden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beneath, under, down"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch beneden (“beneath, under, down”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "benieden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "below"
      },
      "expansion": "German benieden (“below”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English benethe, from Old English bineoþan (“beneath, under, below”), equivalent to be- + neath. Cognate with Low German benedden (“beneath”), Dutch beneden (“beneath, under, down”), obsolete German benieden (“below”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "beneath",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2013 May 11, “The climate of Tibet: Pole-land”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8835, page 80",
          "text": "Of all the transitions brought about on the Earth’s surface by temperature change, the melting of ice into water is the starkest. It is binary. And for the land beneath, the air above and the life around, it changes everything.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Below or underneath."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Below",
          "below"
        ],
        [
          "underneath",
          "underneath"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bɪˈniːθ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːθ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-beneath.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/En-us-beneath.ogg/En-us-beneath.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/En-us-beneath.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "beneathe"
    },
    {
      "topics": [
        "poetry",
        "writing",
        "journalism",
        "literature",
        "communications",
        "publishing",
        "media"
      ],
      "word": "neath"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "taḥt",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "تَحْت"
    },
    {
      "code": "arz",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "taḥt",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "tags": [
        "Egyptian-Arabic"
      ],
      "word": "تحت"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "sota"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "onder"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "beneden"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "sube"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "alla"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "dessous"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "abaixo"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "so"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "lent"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "alul"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "ar íochtar"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "sotto"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "araee",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "아래에"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "subtus"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "subter"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "pod"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "poniżej"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "abaixo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "embaixo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "ispod"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "bajo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "under"
    },
    {
      "code": "txb",
      "lang": "Tocharian B",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "ñor"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "pid",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "під"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "nýžče",
      "sense": "below or underneath",
      "word": "ни́жче"
    }
  ],
  "word": "beneath"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English adverbs",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English locatives",
    "English prepositions",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms prefixed with be-",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:English/iːθ",
    "Rhymes:English/iːθ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "beneath contempt"
    },
    {
      "word": "beneath the surface"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "benethe"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English benethe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bineoþan",
        "4": "",
        "5": "beneath, under, below"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bineoþan (“beneath, under, below”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "be",
        "3": "neath"
      },
      "expansion": "be- + neath",
      "name": "prefix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "benedden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beneath"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German benedden (“beneath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "beneden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beneath, under, down"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch beneden (“beneath, under, down”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "benieden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "below"
      },
      "expansion": "German benieden (“below”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English benethe, from Old English bineoþan (“beneath, under, below”), equivalent to be- + neath. Cognate with Low German benedden (“beneath”), Dutch beneden (“beneath, under, down”), obsolete German benieden (“below”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prepositions",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "beneath",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "beneath",
      "name": "en-prep"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "1718, Alexander Pope, epitaph to Nicholas Rowe\nBeneath a rude and nameless stone he lies."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Below."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Below",
          "below"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Their despicable behaviour is beneath contempt.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "a.''' 1730, Francis Atterbury, in The Grub-Street Journal, Volume 1",
          "text": "He will do nothing that is beneath his high station."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "In a position that is lower in rank, dignity, etc."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Covered up or concealed by something."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Cover",
          "cover"
        ],
        [
          "conceal",
          "conceal"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bɪˈniːθ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːθ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-beneath.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/En-us-beneath.ogg/En-us-beneath.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/En-us-beneath.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "beneathe"
    },
    {
      "topics": [
        "poetry",
        "writing",
        "journalism",
        "literature",
        "communications",
        "publishing",
        "media"
      ],
      "word": "neath"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʔasfal",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "أَسْفَل"
    },
    {
      "code": "arz",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "taḥt",
      "sense": "below",
      "tags": [
        "Egyptian-Arabic"
      ],
      "word": "تحت"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "tak",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "տակ"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "otdolu",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "отдолу"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "pod",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "под"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "sota"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "pod"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "onder"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "sub"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "alla"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "alapuolella"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "sous"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "unter"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "hupó",
      "sense": "below",
      "tags": [
        "with-accusative"
      ],
      "word": "ὑπό"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "alatt"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "alá"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "faoi bhun"
    },
    {
      "alt": "+ acc. or abl.",
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "sub"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "under"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "embaixo de"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "sub"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "dedesubt"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "pod",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "под"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "aneath"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "fo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "ispod"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "pod"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "bajo de"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "abajo de"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "pid",
      "sense": "below",
      "word": "під"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to a lower position",
      "word": "onder"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to a lower position",
      "word": "alle"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to a lower position",
      "word": "alapuolelle"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to a lower position",
      "word": "unter"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "níže",
      "sense": "to a lower position",
      "word": "ни́же"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "to a lower position",
      "word": "naniže"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "nýžče",
      "sense": "to a lower position",
      "word": "ни́жче"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "concealed or covered up",
      "word": "onder"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "concealed or covered up",
      "word": "alla"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "concealed or covered up",
      "word": "alatt"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "concealed or covered up",
      "word": "pokriven"
    }
  ],
  "word": "beneath"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.