See hag on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
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"args": {
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"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
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"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"nolinkhead": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hag",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hag",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ISO 639-3",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "11 11 12 0 1 0 1 0 6 5 0 3 5 5 3 2 2 1 1 3 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 23",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"ISO 639-3 language code for Hanga."
],
"id": "en-hag-mul-symbol-N2wdNiHU",
"links": [
[
"language code",
"language code"
]
],
"qualifier": "international standards",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Hanga."
]
}
],
"word": "hag"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fag hag"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "glutinous hag"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grab hag"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hagged"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "haggy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "haglike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hag moth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hag-ridden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hag-taper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "night hag"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "night-hag"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "old hag syndrome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "moss-hag"
}
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"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
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"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "hagge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hagge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hægtesse"
},
"expansion": "Old English hægtesse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hagatussjā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hagatussjā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Häkse",
"3": "",
"4": "witch"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Häkse (“witch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "heks"
},
"expansion": "Dutch heks",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Hexe",
"3": "",
"4": "witch"
},
"expansion": "German Hexe (“witch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hex"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of hex",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English hagge, hegge (“demon, old woman”), shortening of Old English hægtesse, hægtes (“harpy, witch”), from Proto-West Germanic *hagatussjā. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Häkse (“witch”), Dutch heks, German Hexe (“witch”). Doublet of hex.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hags",
"tags": [
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]
}
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hag (plural hags)",
"name": "en-noun"
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 22 3 3 6 2 17 5 1 1 1 5 0 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Female people",
"orig": "en:Female people",
"parents": [
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"Human",
"Biology",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "22 3 1 3 2 12 11 4 4 11 9 8 4 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "en:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [
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"Fiction",
"Speculative fiction",
"Culture",
"Artistic works",
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"Art",
"Entertainment",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1565, Arthur Golding (tr.), The Fyrst Fower Bookes of P. Ouidius Nasos worke intitled Metamorphosis, London: William Seres, The Fovrthe Booke:",
"text": "And that olde hag that with a staffe his staggering lymbes dooth stay",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 3, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 11:",
"text": "Such unaccountable masses of shades and shadows, that at first you almost thought some ambitious young artist, in the time of the New England hags, had endeavored to delineate chaos bewitched.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A witch, sorceress, or enchantress; a wizard."
],
"id": "en-hag-en-noun-ru5MW08X",
"links": [
[
"witch",
"witch"
],
[
"sorceress",
"sorceress"
],
[
"enchantress",
"enchantress"
],
[
"wizard",
"wizard"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "64 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "witch or sorceress",
"word": "magician"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "veštica",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "вещица"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"word": "bruixa"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ježibaba"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "heks"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tovenares"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"word": "noita-akka"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sorcière"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "meiga"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lurpia"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bruxa"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sugota"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "antaruxa"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hexe"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"word": "banya"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"word": "noita"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cailleach"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bean feasa"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "seanchailleach"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "strega"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"word": "fattucchiera"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "megera"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"alt": "まじょ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "majo",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"word": "魔女"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lamia"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "strīga"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "véšterka",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ве́штерка"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "véštica",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "ве́штица"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "caillagh ny gueshag"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gueshag"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "utyske"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bruèissa"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hakjs"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wiedźma"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "czarownica"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bruxa"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vrăjitoare"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "babă"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cotoroanță"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "védʹma",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ве́дьма"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "koldúnʹja",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "колду́нья"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bruja"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "häxa"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 20 0 0 2 1 5 2 1 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "häxor"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 67:",
"text": "The elder women were literally \"old hags\" - lean and shrivelled, and excessively ugly.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An ugly old woman."
],
"id": "en-hag-en-noun-2pFWBG0C",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"ugly",
"ugly"
],
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"woman",
"woman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) An ugly old woman."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "ugly woman"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šamṭāʔ",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "شَمْطَاء"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "starica",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "старица"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "黃臉婆"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huángliǎnpó",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "黄脸婆"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǎotàipó",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "老太婆"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "babizna"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ježibaba"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "taart"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lelijk wijf"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "harppu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "huuhkaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "noita-akka"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sorcière"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "harpie"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "virago"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "haridelle"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mégère"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lurpia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hexe"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Vettel"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "banya"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "nyanya"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "szipirtyó"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "akka"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cailleach"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "megera"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"note": "expecially used in jokes and pranks",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "befana"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"raw_tags": [
"used in jokes and pranks"
],
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"often",
"slang"
],
"word": "befana"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"alt": "おにばば",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "onibaba",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "鬼婆"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "babā",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "ばばあ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "magwihalmeom",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "마귀할멈"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "véšterka",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ве́штерка"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "stárica",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ста́рица"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "kjerring"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jędza"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "baba"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bruxa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cotoroanță"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "baborniță"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kargá",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "карга́"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kikímora",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кики́мора"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mýmra",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мы́мра"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grýmza",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гры́мза"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "védʹma",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ве́дьма"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "megéra",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "меге́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bruja"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hagga"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "con mẹ"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, Eric Pearson, Craig Kyle, Christopher Yost, directed by Taika Waititi, Thor: Ragnarok, spoken by Valkyrie (Tessa Thompson):",
"text": "I don't plan to stop drinking. But... I don't wanna forget. I can't turn away anymore. So, if I'm gonna die, well, it might as well be driving my sword through the heart of that murderous hag.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An evil woman."
],
"id": "en-hag-en-noun-KnTpnDPe",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) An evil woman."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory"
]
},
{
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{
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "– What is that hag trend that is going on?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "– The trend, hagmaxxing, is when younger men pursue relationships with hags.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A woman over the age of 30 years."
],
"id": "en-hag-en-noun-75NFOrqs",
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang) A woman over the age of 30 years."
],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"categories": [],
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{
"ref": "1646, Richard Crashaw, “Sospetto D' Herode”, in Steps to the Temple, stanza 37:",
"text": "Fourth of the cursed knot of hags is she / Or rather all the other three in one; / Hell's shop of slaughter she does oversee, / And still assist the execution",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"A fury; a she-monster."
],
"id": "en-hag-en-noun-6wEIxF2Q",
"links": [
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"fury",
"fury"
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],
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{
"_dis1": "1 2 0 0 92 1 1 1 0 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "fury; she-monster",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "furie"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 0 0 92 1 1 1 0 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "fury; she-monster",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "helleveeg"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 0 0 92 1 1 1 0 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fury; she-monster",
"word": "raivotar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 0 0 92 1 1 1 0 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "fúrija",
"sense": "fury; she-monster",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фу́рија"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 0 0 92 1 1 1 0 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fury; she-monster",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cuca"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 0 0 92 1 1 1 0 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "fúrija",
"sense": "fury; she-monster",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фу́рия"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 0 0 92 1 1 1 0 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "fury; she-monster",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hagga"
}
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "1 2 1 2 1 44 11 1 5 11 9 8 3 3",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Jawless fish",
"orig": "en:Jawless fish",
"parents": [
"Fish",
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],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-hag-en-noun-iVC8BzSs",
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[
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[
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[
"lamprey",
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[
"suctorial",
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],
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{
"_dis1": "2 4 0 1 2 69 9 1 4 7",
"sense": "eel-like marine fish",
"word": "borer"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 0 1 2 69 9 1 4 7",
"sense": "eel-like marine fish",
"word": "hagfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 0 1 2 69 9 1 4 7",
"sense": "eel-like marine fish",
"word": "sleepmarken"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 0 1 2 69 9 1 4 7",
"sense": "eel-like marine fish",
"word": "slime eel"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 0 1 2 69 9 1 4 7",
"sense": "eel-like marine fish",
"word": "sucker"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 0 1 2 69 9 1 4 7",
"sense": "eel-like marine fish",
"word": "myxinid"
}
]
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"kind": "lifeform",
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"glosses": [
"A hagdon or shearwater; one of various sea birds of the genus Puffinus."
],
"id": "en-hag-en-noun-38fafu7k",
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[
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[
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[
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"sense": "sea bird",
"word": "hagdon"
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{
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"sense": "sea bird",
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{
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"sense": "sea bird",
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"ref": "1656, Thomas White, Peripateticall Institutions, page 149:",
"text": "Flamma lambentes (or those we call Haggs) are made of Sweat or some other Vapour issuing out of the Head; a not-unusuall sight amongst us when we ride by night in the Summer time: They are extinguisht, like flames, by shaking the Horse Mains",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"An appearance of light and fire on a horse's mane or a person's hair."
],
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},
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[
"hagberry",
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[
"Prunus padus",
"Prunus padus#Translingual"
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],
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"sense": "fruit of the hagberry",
"word": "bird cherry"
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{
"_dis1": "1 4 0 1 1 2 2 1 85 4",
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]
},
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{
"ref": "1662, Sir William Dugdale, The History of Imbanking and Drayning of Divers Fenns and Marshes, page 292:",
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},
{
"ref": "1836, Walter Scott, Waverley Novels, page 375:",
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},
{
"ref": "1845, The New Statistical Account of Scotland: Ayr, Bute, page 107:",
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"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1868, James Salmon, Gowodean, page 49:",
"text": "[…] I had made sure to find him in the hag o' Coars-Neuk Moor, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1882, Joseph Senior, Smithy Rhymes and Stithy Chimes, Or, the Short and Simple Annals of the Poor, page 46:",
"text": "The strongest nag that crosses th' hagg / Wi wots ta Fullod mill.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1898, Charles Spence, From the Braes of the Carse: Poems and Songs by the Late Charles Spence, page 189:",
"text": "[…] the murky flag / Flaps on Turftennant's rushy hag.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017, Benjamin Myers, The Gallows Pole, Bloomsbury, published 2019, page 101:",
"text": "The shallow slow-running groughs fed the hag with a trickle of coppery water.",
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},
{
"ref": "2023 October 12, Mike Billett, Peat and Whisky: The Unbreakable Bond, Saraband, →ISBN:",
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}
],
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"5": "plural",
"6": "hags",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
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},
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},
{
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}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
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{
"glosses": [
"a notch; a pit or break"
],
"id": "en-hag-sco-noun-7yhB-Xod",
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[
"notch",
"notch"
],
[
"pit",
"pit"
],
[
"break",
"break"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a stroke of an axe or similar instrument"
],
"id": "en-hag-sco-noun-Q3QbKO8h",
"links": [
[
"stroke",
"stroke"
],
[
"axe",
"axe"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 10 26 9 4 7 16 1 11 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the felling of timber; the quantity of wood felled"
],
"id": "en-hag-sco-noun-Fs3JkTNl",
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[
"felling",
"felling"
],
[
"timber",
"timber"
],
[
"wood",
"wood"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a quagmire from which peat or turf is cut"
],
"id": "en-hag-sco-noun-RWG4LOSp",
"links": [
[
"quagmire",
"quagmire"
],
[
"peat",
"peat"
],
[
"turf",
"turf"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hagg"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "haag"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "haug"
}
],
"word": "hag"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "enm",
"3": "haggen",
"4": "",
"5": "to hack, chop, cut"
},
"expansion": "Middle English haggen (“to hack, chop, cut”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "non",
"3": "hǫggva",
"4": "",
"5": "to hew"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hǫggva (“to hew”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hag#Etymology 2"
},
"expansion": "English hag",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English haggen (“to hack, chop, cut”), from Old Norse hǫggva (“to hew”). Compare English hag, above. Noun attested from the 14th century in Older Scots, with the verb from c. 1400.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hags",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haggin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hagg'd",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "haggit",
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"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
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"7": "simple past",
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"head": ""
},
"expansion": "hag (third-person singular simple present hags, present participle haggin, simple past hagg'd, past participle haggit)",
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{
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],
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"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"glosses": [
"to chop (wood); to hack; to dig out (coal etc.)"
],
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[
"chop",
"chop"
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[
"hack",
"hack"
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[
"dig out",
"dig out"
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{
"categories": [],
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{
"english": "when the razor is hacked like a saw-tooth—Trumbull from Selkirk makes good razors, but the children are uncommonly fond of playing with mine, the poor things—then God help us!",
"ref": "1829, C.N. [John Wilson], “Noctes Ambrosianæ”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, page 789:",
"text": "[…]and the rawzor haggit like a saw—Trumbull o’ Selkirk makes good rawzors, but the weans are unco fond of playing wi’ mine, puir things—Od keep us!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make a hash of (something)"
],
"id": "en-hag-sco-verb-IwqFgk0V",
"links": [
[
"make a hash of",
"make a hash of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) to make a hash of (something)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to cut down trees and prepare timber"
],
"id": "en-hag-sco-verb-kwl1OnL9",
"links": [
[
"cut down",
"cut down"
],
[
"timber",
"timber"
]
]
}
],
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "haag"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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}
],
"word": "hag"
}
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{
"args": {
"1": "sco"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Perhaps from Etymology 1 above, “to hack”, thus “castrate”. Compare hogg (“a young sheep”). Attested from the 19th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hags",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
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"8": "",
"9": "",
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"cat3": "",
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},
"expansion": "hag (plural hags)",
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{
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}
],
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"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"glosses": [
"an ox"
],
"id": "en-hag-sco-noun-20lkbyjS",
"links": [
[
"ox",
"ox"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a cattleman, one who raises cattle or oxen"
],
"id": "en-hag-sco-noun-KaeOaUSv",
"links": [
[
"cattleman",
"cattleman"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hagman"
}
]
}
],
"word": "hag"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
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{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "is",
"3": "hagga",
"4": "",
"5": "to budge; to put out of place"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hagga (“to budge; to put out of place”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Icelandic hagga (“to budge; to put out of place”). Attested from the 20th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hags",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haggin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hagg'd",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "haggit",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "haggit",
"2": "verbs",
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"7": "simple past",
"8": "hagg'd",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "hag (third-person singular simple present hags, present participle haggin, simple past hagg'd, past participle haggit)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hags",
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"3": "hagg'd",
"4": "haggit"
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"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to hinder; to impede"
],
"id": "en-hag-sco-verb-jtd2jJm1",
"links": [
[
"hinder",
"hinder"
],
[
"impede",
"impede"
]
]
}
],
"word": "hag"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "hag",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Breton conjunctions",
"Breton entries with incorrect language header",
"Breton lemmas",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "before consonants or /j/",
"word": "ha"
}
],
"word": "hag"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "hag",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "conj",
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{
"categories": [
"Cornish conjunctions",
"Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"Cornish lemmas",
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"Pages with entries"
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"and"
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"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
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]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "before consonants",
"word": "ha"
}
],
"word": "hag"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "verb form"
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"expansion": "hag",
"name": "head"
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],
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{
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"Danish non-lemma forms",
"Danish verb forms",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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{
"word": "hage"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of hage"
],
"links": [
[
"hage",
"hage#Danish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
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}
],
"word": "hag"
}
{
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"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
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"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æɡ",
"Rhymes:English/æɡ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Appearance",
"en:Female people",
"en:Jawless fish",
"en:Mythological creatures",
"en:Prunus genus plants",
"en:Sleep",
"en:Stock characters",
"en:Tubenose birds",
"en:Wetlands"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fag hag"
},
{
"word": "glutinous hag"
},
{
"word": "grab hag"
},
{
"word": "hagged"
},
{
"word": "haggy"
},
{
"word": "haglike"
},
{
"word": "hag moth"
},
{
"word": "hag-ridden"
},
{
"word": "hag-taper"
},
{
"word": "moss-hag"
},
{
"word": "night hag"
},
{
"word": "night-hag"
},
{
"word": "old hag syndrome"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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},
"expansion": "Middle English hagge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hægtesse"
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hagatussjā"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Häkse",
"3": "",
"4": "witch"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "heks"
},
"expansion": "Dutch heks",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Hexe",
"3": "",
"4": "witch"
},
"expansion": "German Hexe (“witch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hex"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of hex",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English hagge, hegge (“demon, old woman”), shortening of Old English hægtesse, hægtes (“harpy, witch”), from Proto-West Germanic *hagatussjā. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Häkse (“witch”), Dutch heks, German Hexe (“witch”). Doublet of hex.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hags",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hag (plural hags)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1565, Arthur Golding (tr.), The Fyrst Fower Bookes of P. Ouidius Nasos worke intitled Metamorphosis, London: William Seres, The Fovrthe Booke:",
"text": "And that olde hag that with a staffe his staggering lymbes dooth stay",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 3, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 11:",
"text": "Such unaccountable masses of shades and shadows, that at first you almost thought some ambitious young artist, in the time of the New England hags, had endeavored to delineate chaos bewitched.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A witch, sorceress, or enchantress; a wizard."
],
"links": [
[
"witch",
"witch"
],
[
"sorceress",
"sorceress"
],
[
"enchantress",
"enchantress"
],
[
"wizard",
"wizard"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 67:",
"text": "The elder women were literally \"old hags\" - lean and shrivelled, and excessively ugly.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An ugly old woman."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"ugly",
"ugly"
],
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"woman",
"woman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) An ugly old woman."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, Eric Pearson, Craig Kyle, Christopher Yost, directed by Taika Waititi, Thor: Ragnarok, spoken by Valkyrie (Tessa Thompson):",
"text": "I don't plan to stop drinking. But... I don't wanna forget. I can't turn away anymore. So, if I'm gonna die, well, it might as well be driving my sword through the heart of that murderous hag.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An evil woman."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) An evil woman."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English slang",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "– What is that hag trend that is going on?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "– The trend, hagmaxxing, is when younger men pursue relationships with hags.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A woman over the age of 30 years."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang) A woman over the age of 30 years."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1646, Richard Crashaw, “Sospetto D' Herode”, in Steps to the Temple, stanza 37:",
"text": "Fourth of the cursed knot of hags is she / Or rather all the other three in one; / Hell's shop of slaughter she does oversee, / And still assist the execution",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fury; a she-monster."
],
"links": [
[
"fury",
"fury"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A hagfish; one of various eel-like fish of the family Myxinidae, allied to the lamprey, with a suctorial mouth, labial appendages, and a single pair of gill openings."
],
"links": [
[
"hagfish",
"hagfish"
],
[
"Myxinidae",
"Myxinidae#Translingual"
],
[
"lamprey",
"lamprey"
],
[
"suctorial",
"suctorial"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A hagdon or shearwater; one of various sea birds of the genus Puffinus."
],
"links": [
[
"hagdon",
"hagdon"
],
[
"shearwater",
"shearwater"
],
[
"Puffinus",
"Puffinus#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1656, Thomas White, Peripateticall Institutions, page 149:",
"text": "Flamma lambentes (or those we call Haggs) are made of Sweat or some other Vapour issuing out of the Head; a not-unusuall sight amongst us when we ride by night in the Summer time: They are extinguisht, like flames, by shaking the Horse Mains",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An appearance of light and fire on a horse's mane or a person's hair."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An appearance of light and fire on a horse's mane or a person's hair."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The fruit of the hagberry, Prunus padus."
],
"links": [
[
"fruit",
"fruit"
],
[
"hagberry",
"hagberry"
],
[
"Prunus padus",
"Prunus padus#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Sleep paralysis."
],
"links": [
[
"Sleep paralysis",
"sleep paralysis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, slang) Sleep paralysis."
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hæɡ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-hag.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/En-au-hag.ogg/En-au-hag.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/En-au-hag.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æɡ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "witch or sorceress",
"word": "magician"
},
{
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "ugly woman"
},
{
"sense": "eel-like marine fish",
"word": "borer"
},
{
"sense": "eel-like marine fish",
"word": "hagfish"
},
{
"sense": "eel-like marine fish",
"word": "sleepmarken"
},
{
"sense": "eel-like marine fish",
"word": "slime eel"
},
{
"sense": "eel-like marine fish",
"word": "sucker"
},
{
"sense": "eel-like marine fish",
"word": "myxinid"
},
{
"sense": "sea bird",
"word": "hagdon"
},
{
"sense": "sea bird",
"word": "haglet"
},
{
"sense": "sea bird",
"word": "shearwater"
},
{
"sense": "fruit of the hagberry",
"word": "bird cherry"
},
{
"sense": "fruit of the hagberry",
"word": "hackberry"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "veštica",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "вещица"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"word": "bruixa"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ježibaba"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "heks"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tovenares"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"word": "noita-akka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sorcière"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "meiga"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lurpia"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bruxa"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sugota"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "antaruxa"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hexe"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"word": "banya"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"word": "noita"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cailleach"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bean feasa"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "seanchailleach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "strega"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"word": "fattucchiera"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "megera"
},
{
"alt": "まじょ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "majo",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"word": "魔女"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lamia"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "strīga"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "véšterka",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ве́штерка"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "véštica",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "ве́штица"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "caillagh ny gueshag"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gueshag"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "utyske"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bruèissa"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hakjs"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wiedźma"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "czarownica"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bruxa"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vrăjitoare"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "babă"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cotoroanță"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "védʹma",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ве́дьма"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "koldúnʹja",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "колду́нья"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bruja"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "häxa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "witch, sorceress, enchantress",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "häxor"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šamṭāʔ",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "شَمْطَاء"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "starica",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "старица"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "黃臉婆"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huángliǎnpó",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "黄脸婆"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǎotàipó",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "老太婆"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "babizna"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ježibaba"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "taart"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lelijk wijf"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "harppu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "huuhkaja"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "noita-akka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sorcière"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "harpie"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "virago"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "haridelle"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mégère"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lurpia"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hexe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Vettel"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "banya"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "nyanya"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "szipirtyó"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "akka"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cailleach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "megera"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"note": "expecially used in jokes and pranks",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "befana"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"raw_tags": [
"used in jokes and pranks"
],
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"often",
"slang"
],
"word": "befana"
},
{
"alt": "おにばば",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "onibaba",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "鬼婆"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "babā",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "ばばあ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "magwihalmeom",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "마귀할멈"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "véšterka",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ве́штерка"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "stárica",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ста́рица"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "kjerring"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jędza"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "baba"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bruxa"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cotoroanță"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "baborniță"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kargá",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "карга́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kikímora",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кики́мора"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mýmra",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мы́мра"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grýmza",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гры́мза"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "védʹma",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ве́дьма"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "megéra",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "меге́ра"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bruja"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hagga"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "ugly old woman",
"word": "con mẹ"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "fury; she-monster",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "furie"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "fury; she-monster",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "helleveeg"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fury; she-monster",
"word": "raivotar"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "fúrija",
"sense": "fury; she-monster",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фу́рија"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fury; she-monster",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cuca"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "fúrija",
"sense": "fury; she-monster",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фу́рия"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "fury; she-monster",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hagga"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prilepalo",
"sense": "Myxine glutinosa",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "прилепало"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Myxine glutinosa",
"word": "limanahkiainen"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Myxine glutinosa",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cailleach"
}
],
"word": "hag"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æɡ",
"Rhymes:English/æɡ/1 syllable",
"en:Appearance",
"en:Female people",
"en:Jawless fish",
"en:Mythological creatures",
"en:Prunus genus plants",
"en:Sleep",
"en:Stock characters",
"en:Tubenose birds",
"en:Wetlands"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "moss-hag"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hag"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hag",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hǫgg",
"4": "",
"5": "cut, gap, breach"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hǫgg (“cut, gap, breach”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hew"
},
"expansion": "English hew",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English hag (denoting a gap in a cliff), from Old Norse hǫgg (“cut, gap, breach”), derivative of hǫggva (“to hack, hew”). Compare English hew, Old Swedish hug (“blow, stroke”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hags",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hag (plural hags)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "grough"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Northern England English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1845, Edward Fairfax (tr.), Godfrey of Bulloigne; or, The Recovery of Jerusalem: Done into English Heroical Verse, page 168:",
"text": "This said, he led me over hoults and hags; / Through thorns and bushes scant my legs I drew",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small wood, or part of a wood or copse, which is marked off or enclosed for felling, or which has been felled."
],
"links": [
[
"wood",
"wood"
],
[
"copse",
"copse"
],
[
"fell",
"fell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northern England) A small wood, or part of a wood or copse, which is marked off or enclosed for felling, or which has been felled."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1662, Sir William Dugdale, The History of Imbanking and Drayning of Divers Fenns and Marshes, page 292:",
"text": "And they likewise ordained […] that all the warp should be thrown into the Common wayes, to fill up haggs and lakes, where need was, upon a great penalty, where it should ly neer the Common rode.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1836, Walter Scott, Waverley Novels, page 375:",
"text": "[…] upon wet brae-sides, peat-haggs, and flow-mosses, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1845, The New Statistical Account of Scotland: Ayr, Bute, page 107:",
"text": "The uplands are generally mossy, resting on clay of a yellow colour, covered by moss of various depths, which often break into what are called hags, or flow-moss.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1868, James Salmon, Gowodean, page 49:",
"text": "[…] I had made sure to find him in the hag o' Coars-Neuk Moor, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1882, Joseph Senior, Smithy Rhymes and Stithy Chimes, Or, the Short and Simple Annals of the Poor, page 46:",
"text": "The strongest nag that crosses th' hagg / Wi wots ta Fullod mill.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1898, Charles Spence, From the Braes of the Carse: Poems and Songs by the Late Charles Spence, page 189:",
"text": "[…] the murky flag / Flaps on Turftennant's rushy hag.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017, Benjamin Myers, The Gallows Pole, Bloomsbury, published 2019, page 101:",
"text": "The shallow slow-running groughs fed the hag with a trickle of coppery water.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 October 12, Mike Billett, Peat and Whisky: The Unbreakable Bond, Saraband, →ISBN:",
"text": "The winter snow has collected amongst the eroded peat hags and is being actively reshaped into deep dunes and linear ripples by the strong winds whipping across the summit ridge. In the winter light, large sandblasted granite tors, sugar-coated with ice, stand out[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A marshy hollow, especially an area of peat lying lower than surrounding moorland, formed by erosion of a gully or cutting and often having steep edges."
],
"links": [
[
"marshy",
"marshy"
],
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
],
[
"peat",
"peat"
],
[
"moorland",
"moorland"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hæɡ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-hag.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/En-au-hag.ogg/En-au-hag.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/En-au-hag.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æɡ"
}
],
"word": "hag"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æɡ",
"Rhymes:English/æɡ/1 syllable",
"en:Appearance",
"en:Female people",
"en:Jawless fish",
"en:Mythological creatures",
"en:Prunus genus plants",
"en:Sleep",
"en:Stock characters",
"en:Tubenose birds",
"en:Wetlands"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
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"args": {
"1": "en",
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"3": "hag"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hag",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hǫgg",
"4": "",
"5": "cut, gap, breach"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hǫgg (“cut, gap, breach”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hew"
},
"expansion": "English hew",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English hag (denoting a gap in a cliff), from Old Norse hǫgg (“cut, gap, breach”), derivative of hǫggva (“to hack, hew”). Compare English hew, Old Swedish hug (“blow, stroke”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hags",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hagging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hagged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hagged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hag (third-person singular simple present hags, present participle hagging, simple past and past participle hagged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874, Notes and Queries, page 253:",
"text": "hag […] is that part in mosses which is naturally or artificially cut, hollowed, hagged, or hacked; naturally by water runlets forming hollows, and artificially by, among other means, the cutting and removal of peat.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1956, Scotland's Magazine, volume 52, page 39:",
"text": "Covenanters too met often on our moss-hagged moors.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Angélique Day, Patrick McWilliams, Ordnance Survey Memoirs of Ireland: Co. Antrim VIII-IX, page 5",
"text": "[…] on one occasion, where the bog had been cut away, a stump was discovered which bore evident marks of having been hagged [hacked]."
},
{
"ref": "2024, Peter Hadden, Iain Chisholm, A Very British Journey:",
"text": "Crowberry is particularly abundant on hagged peat and in cotton grass mires; it prefers drier ground, […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut or erode (as) a hag (a hollow into moorland)."
],
"links": [
[
"hag",
"#Noun"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hæɡ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-hag.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/En-au-hag.ogg/En-au-hag.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/En-au-hag.ogg"
},
{
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}
],
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}
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"en:Prunus genus plants",
"en:Sleep",
"en:Stock characters",
"en:Tubenose birds",
"en:Wetlands"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "haggen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English haggen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hag(g)ōnan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hag(g)ōnan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hagen",
"3": "",
"4": "to torment, agonize"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hagen (“to torment, agonize”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "haga",
"3": "",
"4": "to tire, weaken"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian haga (“to tire, weaken”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English haggen, from Proto-Germanic *hag(g)ōnan (compare obsolete Dutch hagen (“to torment, agonize”), Norwegian haga (“to tire, weaken”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hags",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hagging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hagged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hagged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "etymologically unrelated",
"word": "hag do"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1692, Roger L'Estrange (tr.), Fables of Aesop and Other Eminent Mythologists: with Morals and Reflexions, page 149:",
"text": "How are Superstitious Men Hagg'd Out of their Wits and Senses, with the Fancy of Omens, Forebodings, Old Wives Tales, and Visions",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"To harass; to weary with vexation."
],
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[
"harass",
"harass"
],
[
"weary",
"weary"
],
[
"vexation",
"vexation"
]
],
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"(transitive) To harass; to weary with vexation."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/hæɡ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-hag.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/En-au-hag.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æɡ"
}
],
"word": "hag"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
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"Scots nouns",
"Scots terms borrowed from Icelandic",
"Scots terms derived from Icelandic",
"Scots terms derived from Middle English",
"Scots terms derived from Old Norse",
"Scots terms inherited from Middle English",
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],
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"2": "enm",
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"4": "",
"5": "to hack, chop, cut"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"2": "non",
"3": "hǫggva",
"4": "",
"5": "to hew"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hag#Etymology 2"
},
"expansion": "English hag",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English haggen (“to hack, chop, cut”), from Old Norse hǫggva (“to hew”). Compare English hag, above. Noun attested from the 14th century in Older Scots, with the verb from c. 1400.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hags",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
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{
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"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
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"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
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}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a notch; a pit or break"
],
"links": [
[
"notch",
"notch"
],
[
"pit",
"pit"
],
[
"break",
"break"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a stroke of an axe or similar instrument"
],
"links": [
[
"stroke",
"stroke"
],
[
"axe",
"axe"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the felling of timber; the quantity of wood felled"
],
"links": [
[
"felling",
"felling"
],
[
"timber",
"timber"
],
[
"wood",
"wood"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a quagmire from which peat or turf is cut"
],
"links": [
[
"quagmire",
"quagmire"
],
[
"peat",
"peat"
],
[
"turf",
"turf"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hagg"
},
{
"word": "haag"
},
{
"word": "haug"
}
],
"word": "hag"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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"Scots terms derived from Icelandic",
"Scots terms derived from Middle English",
"Scots terms derived from Old Norse",
"Scots terms inherited from Middle English",
"Scots verbs"
],
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"3": "haggen",
"4": "",
"5": "to hack, chop, cut"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "non",
"3": "hǫggva",
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"5": "to hew"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hag#Etymology 2"
},
"expansion": "English hag",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English haggen (“to hack, chop, cut”), from Old Norse hǫggva (“to hew”). Compare English hag, above. Noun attested from the 14th century in Older Scots, with the verb from c. 1400.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hags",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haggin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hagg'd",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "haggit",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
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"5": "present participle",
"6": "haggin",
"7": "simple past",
"8": "hagg'd",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "hag (third-person singular simple present hags, present participle haggin, simple past hagg'd, past participle haggit)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
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"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to chop (wood); to hack; to dig out (coal etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"chop",
"chop"
],
[
"hack",
"hack"
],
[
"dig out",
"dig out"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Scots terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "when the razor is hacked like a saw-tooth—Trumbull from Selkirk makes good razors, but the children are uncommonly fond of playing with mine, the poor things—then God help us!",
"ref": "1829, C.N. [John Wilson], “Noctes Ambrosianæ”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, page 789:",
"text": "[…]and the rawzor haggit like a saw—Trumbull o’ Selkirk makes good rawzors, but the weans are unco fond of playing wi’ mine, puir things—Od keep us!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make a hash of (something)"
],
"links": [
[
"make a hash of",
"make a hash of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) to make a hash of (something)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to cut down trees and prepare timber"
],
"links": [
[
"cut down",
"cut down"
],
[
"timber",
"timber"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hagg"
},
{
"word": "haag"
},
{
"word": "haug"
}
],
"word": "hag"
}
{
"categories": [
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],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Perhaps from Etymology 1 above, “to hack”, thus “castrate”. Compare hogg (“a young sheep”). Attested from the 19th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hags",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "hag (plural hags)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hag (plural hags)",
"name": "sco-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an ox"
],
"links": [
[
"ox",
"ox"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a cattleman, one who raises cattle or oxen"
],
"links": [
[
"cattleman",
"cattleman"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hagman"
}
]
}
],
"word": "hag"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Scots lemmas",
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"Scots terms derived from Icelandic",
"Scots verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "is",
"3": "hagga",
"4": "",
"5": "to budge; to put out of place"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hagga (“to budge; to put out of place”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Icelandic hagga (“to budge; to put out of place”). Attested from the 20th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hags",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haggin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hagg'd",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "haggit",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
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"10": "haggit",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "hags",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "haggin",
"7": "simple past",
"8": "hagg'd",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "hag (third-person singular simple present hags, present participle haggin, simple past hagg'd, past participle haggit)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hags",
"2": "haggin",
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"4": "haggit"
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"expansion": "hag (third-person singular simple present hags, present participle haggin, simple past hagg'd, past participle haggit)",
"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to hinder; to impede"
],
"links": [
[
"hinder",
"hinder"
],
[
"impede",
"impede"
]
]
}
],
"word": "hag"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"f1lang": "en",
"f1nolink": "",
"f2lang": "en",
"f2nolink": "",
"f3lang": "en",
"f3nolink": "",
"f4lang": "en",
"f4nolink": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"nolinkhead": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hag",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hag",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ISO 639-3",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"ISO 639-3 language code for Hanga."
],
"links": [
[
"language code",
"language code"
]
],
"qualifier": "international standards",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Hanga."
]
}
],
"word": "hag"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hag meaning in All languages combined (40.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.