See cowardly on Wiktionary
{
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "brave"
}
],
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"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "coward",
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"id2": "adjectival"
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Old English earg",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *cowardly (adjective) and cowardly (adverb), equivalent to coward + -ly. Displaced native Old English earg.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cowardlier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more cowardly",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "cowardliest",
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"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most cowardly",
"tags": [
"superlative"
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}
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{
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"expansion": "cowardly (comparative cowardlier or more cowardly, superlative cowardliest or most cowardly)",
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}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
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"derived": [
{
"word": "cowardlily"
},
{
"word": "cowardliness"
},
{
"word": "cowardly lion"
},
{
"word": "uncowardly"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene vii]:",
"text": "The cowardly rascals that ran from the battle.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1780, Edmund Burke, speech at The Guildhall, in Bristol\nThe cowardly rashness of those who dare not look danger in the face."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Showing cowardice; lacking in courage; weakly fearful."
],
"id": "en-cowardly-en-adj-LxHGo~aR",
"links": [
[
"cowardice",
"cowardice"
],
[
"fearful",
"fearful"
]
],
"related": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "shy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "timorous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "afraid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "coward"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "cowardice"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cowardly"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"British"
],
"word": "boneless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "chicken"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "chicken-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "chickenshit"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "cowardly"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "craven"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "dastardly"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "fainthearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "fearful"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"in this sense",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "heartless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "gutless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "hen-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"Singlish"
],
"word": "kiasi"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "lily-livered"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "milky"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "mousy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "niddering"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "nidering"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "niding"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "nithing"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "poor-spirited"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "pusillanimous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "spineless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "timid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "unhearty"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "weak-kneed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "yellow"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "yellow-bellied"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jabān",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "جَبَان"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "gabān",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "جبان"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vaxkot",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "վախկոտ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "qorxaq"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qurqaq",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ҡурҡаҡ"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "koldar"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bajazlívy",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "баязлі́вы"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "strahlív",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "страхли́в"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mekušáv",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "мекуша́в"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "covard"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "膽小"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dǎnxiǎo",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "胆小"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "膽怯"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dǎnqiè, dǎnquè",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "胆怯"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nuòqiè",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "懦怯"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nuòruò",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "懦弱"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "zbabělý"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "fej"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "laf"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "malkuraĝa"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "senkuraĝa"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "poltrona"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"english": "cowardly and ignoble",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "kovarda"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "pelkurimainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "raukkamainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "lâche"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "veule"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "bas"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "feige"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "deilós",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "δειλός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "deilós",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "δειλός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ásplankhnos",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ἄσπλαγχνος"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "kāyar",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "કાયર"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "bīkaṇ",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "બીકણ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kāyar",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "कायर"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ḍarpok",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "डरपोक"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "gyáva"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "huglaus"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "arka"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "meata"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "codardo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "pusillanime"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "vigliacco"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "vile"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hetare",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "へたれ"
},
{
"alt": "おくびょうな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "okubyō na",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "臆病な"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qorqaq",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "қорқақ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kɑmsaak",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "កំសាក"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geob-i manta",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "겁이 많다"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "korkok",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "коркок"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "īgnāvus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "plašliv",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "плашлив"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kukavički",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "кукавички"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "faitagh"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "hūngoingoi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "hauwarea"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "coward"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ajmxaj",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "аймхай"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xulčgar",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "хулчгар"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "lâche"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "feig"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "feig"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "earg"
},
{
"code": "inc-opa",
"lang": "Old Punjabi",
"roman": "kāiru",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ਕਾਇਰੁ"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yüreksiz",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "یوركسز"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "tabansız",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "طبانسز"
},
{
"code": "pi",
"lang": "Pali",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "asūra"
},
{
"code": "pi",
"lang": "Pali",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "bhīru"
},
{
"code": "pi",
"lang": "Pali",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "bhīruka"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tarsu",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ترسو"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "enjstlich"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "tchórzliwy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "covarde"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "cobarde"
},
{
"code": "pra",
"lang": "Prakrit",
"roman": "kāyara",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "𑀓𑀸𑀬𑀭"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "kāira",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ਕਾਇਰ"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "kā'ir",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "کائر"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "laș"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "fricos"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "mișel"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "truslívyj",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "трусли́вый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "malodúšnyj",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "малоду́шный"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kātara",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "कातर"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kāpuruṣa",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "कापुरुष"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "bhīru",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "भीरु"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ку̏кавички"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "kȕkavički"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "zbabelý"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "strahopeten"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "cobarde"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "feg"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "qurkak",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "куркак"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kîi-klàat",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ขี้ขลาด"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ขี้กลัว"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gluua",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "กลัว"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "klàat",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ขลาด"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "korkak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bojahúzlyvyj",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "боягу́зливий"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bojazkýj",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "боязки́й"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bojazlývyj",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "боязли́вий"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "qorqunchaq",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "قورقۇنچاق"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "qoʻrqoq"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "yuraksiz"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "dredöfik"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "pakhdonish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "פּחדניש"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaʊədli/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "cowardly"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*cowardly",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *cowardly (adjective)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "coward",
"3": "ly",
"id2": "adjectival"
},
"expansion": "coward + -ly",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "earg"
},
"expansion": "Old English earg",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *cowardly (adjective) and cowardly (adverb), equivalent to coward + -ly. Displaced native Old English earg.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more cowardly",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most cowardly",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cowardly (comparative more cowardly, superlative most cowardly)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene v:",
"text": "We will not ſteale vpon him cowardly,\nBut giue him warning and more warriours.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, translated by John Florio, The Essayes […], book I, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 48:",
"text": "I love to follow them, but not so cowardly, as my life remaine thereby in subjection.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1828, John Paul, A Refutation of Arianism, page 20:",
"text": "[…] men who cowardly and hypocritically subscribe orthodox creeds, whilst they teach a different kind of doctrine!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In the manner of a coward, cowardlily."
],
"id": "en-cowardly-en-adv-J4YHWBH0",
"links": [
[
"cowardlily",
"cowardlily"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) In the manner of a coward, cowardlily."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "covardament"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "fej"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "kujonagtig"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "krysteragtig"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "pelkurimaisesti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "raukkamaisesti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "lâchement"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "feige"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "gyáván"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "vigliaccamente"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "pusillanimamente"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "vilmente"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hetare",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "へたれ"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "cowardly"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "lâchement"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "feig"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "feig"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "covardemente"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "cobardemente"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "laș"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "truslívo",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "трусли́во"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "malodúšno",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "малоду́шно"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "cobardemente"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "dredöfo"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "dredöfiko"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "dredöfaniko"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hidredöfaniko"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jidredöfaniko"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaʊədli/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "cowardly"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cowardie",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "English: cowardie (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: cowardie (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "coward",
"3": "-ly",
"id2": "adverbial",
"t2": "adverbial suffix"
},
"expansion": "coward + -ly (“adverbial suffix”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From coward + -ly (“adverbial suffix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "cowardly",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ly (adverbial)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Fear",
"orig": "enm:Fear",
"parents": [
"Emotions",
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In a cowardly or knavish way; cowardlily."
],
"id": "en-cowardly-enm-adv-5lUjZ1dd",
"links": [
[
"cowardly",
"cowardly#English"
],
[
"knavish",
"knavish"
],
[
"way",
"way"
],
[
"cowardlily",
"cowardlily"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "couherdely"
},
{
"word": "couwardli"
},
{
"word": "cowardelye"
},
{
"word": "cowarly"
},
{
"word": "cowerdly"
},
{
"word": "cowwardely"
},
{
"word": "kowardely"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkuːardliː/"
}
],
"word": "cowardly"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "brave"
}
],
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ly (adjectival)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Old Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Pali translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Prakrit translations",
"Terms with Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tatar translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Fear",
"en:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cowardlily"
},
{
"word": "cowardliness"
},
{
"word": "cowardly lion"
},
{
"word": "uncowardly"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*cowardly",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *cowardly (adjective)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "coward",
"3": "ly",
"id2": "adjectival"
},
"expansion": "coward + -ly",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "earg"
},
"expansion": "Old English earg",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *cowardly (adjective) and cowardly (adverb), equivalent to coward + -ly. Displaced native Old English earg.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cowardlier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more cowardly",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "cowardliest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most cowardly",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "cowardly (comparative cowardlier or more cowardly, superlative cowardliest or most cowardly)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "shy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "timorous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "afraid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "coward"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "cowardice"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene vii]:",
"text": "The cowardly rascals that ran from the battle.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1780, Edmund Burke, speech at The Guildhall, in Bristol\nThe cowardly rashness of those who dare not look danger in the face."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Showing cowardice; lacking in courage; weakly fearful."
],
"links": [
[
"cowardice",
"cowardice"
],
[
"fearful",
"fearful"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cowardly"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaʊədli/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"British"
],
"word": "boneless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "chicken"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "chicken-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "chickenshit"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "cowardly"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "craven"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "dastardly"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "fainthearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "fearful"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"in this sense",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "heartless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "gutless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "hen-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"Singlish"
],
"word": "kiasi"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "lily-livered"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "milky"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "mousy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "niddering"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "nidering"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "niding"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "nithing"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "poor-spirited"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "pusillanimous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "spineless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "timid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "unhearty"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "weak-kneed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "yellow"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "yellow-bellied"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jabān",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "جَبَان"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "gabān",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "جبان"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vaxkot",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "վախկոտ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "qorxaq"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qurqaq",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ҡурҡаҡ"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "koldar"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bajazlívy",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "баязлі́вы"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "strahlív",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "страхли́в"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mekušáv",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "мекуша́в"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "covard"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "膽小"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dǎnxiǎo",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "胆小"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "膽怯"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dǎnqiè, dǎnquè",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "胆怯"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nuòqiè",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "懦怯"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nuòruò",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "懦弱"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "zbabělý"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "fej"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "laf"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "malkuraĝa"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "senkuraĝa"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "poltrona"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"english": "cowardly and ignoble",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "kovarda"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "pelkurimainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "raukkamainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "lâche"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "veule"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "bas"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "feige"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "deilós",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "δειλός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "deilós",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "δειλός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ásplankhnos",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ἄσπλαγχνος"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "kāyar",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "કાયર"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "bīkaṇ",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "બીકણ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kāyar",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "कायर"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ḍarpok",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "डरपोक"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "gyáva"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "huglaus"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "arka"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "meata"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "codardo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "pusillanime"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "vigliacco"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "vile"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hetare",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "へたれ"
},
{
"alt": "おくびょうな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "okubyō na",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "臆病な"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qorqaq",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "қорқақ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kɑmsaak",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "កំសាក"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geob-i manta",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "겁이 많다"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "korkok",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "коркок"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "īgnāvus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "plašliv",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "плашлив"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kukavički",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "кукавички"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "faitagh"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "hūngoingoi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "hauwarea"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "coward"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ajmxaj",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "аймхай"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xulčgar",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "хулчгар"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "lâche"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "feig"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "feig"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "earg"
},
{
"code": "inc-opa",
"lang": "Old Punjabi",
"roman": "kāiru",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ਕਾਇਰੁ"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yüreksiz",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "یوركسز"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "tabansız",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "طبانسز"
},
{
"code": "pi",
"lang": "Pali",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "asūra"
},
{
"code": "pi",
"lang": "Pali",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "bhīru"
},
{
"code": "pi",
"lang": "Pali",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "bhīruka"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tarsu",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ترسو"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "enjstlich"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "tchórzliwy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "covarde"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "cobarde"
},
{
"code": "pra",
"lang": "Prakrit",
"roman": "kāyara",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "𑀓𑀸𑀬𑀭"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "kāira",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ਕਾਇਰ"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "kā'ir",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "کائر"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "laș"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "fricos"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "mișel"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "truslívyj",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "трусли́вый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "malodúšnyj",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "малоду́шный"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kātara",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "कातर"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kāpuruṣa",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "कापुरुष"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "bhīru",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "भीरु"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ку̏кавички"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "kȕkavički"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "zbabelý"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "strahopeten"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "cobarde"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "feg"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "qurkak",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "куркак"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kîi-klàat",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ขี้ขลาด"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ขี้กลัว"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gluua",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "กลัว"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "klàat",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "ขลาด"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "korkak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bojahúzlyvyj",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "боягу́зливий"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bojazkýj",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "боязки́й"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bojazlývyj",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "боязли́вий"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "qorqunchaq",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "قورقۇنچاق"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "qoʻrqoq"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "yuraksiz"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "dredöfik"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "pakhdonish",
"sense": "showing cowardice",
"word": "פּחדניש"
}
],
"word": "cowardly"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ly (adjectival)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
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"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Old Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Pali translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Prakrit translations",
"Terms with Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tatar translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Fear",
"en:Personality"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*cowardly",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *cowardly (adjective)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "coward",
"3": "ly",
"id2": "adjectival"
},
"expansion": "coward + -ly",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "earg"
},
"expansion": "Old English earg",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *cowardly (adjective) and cowardly (adverb), equivalent to coward + -ly. Displaced native Old English earg.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more cowardly",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most cowardly",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cowardly (comparative more cowardly, superlative most cowardly)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene v:",
"text": "We will not ſteale vpon him cowardly,\nBut giue him warning and more warriours.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, translated by John Florio, The Essayes […], book I, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 48:",
"text": "I love to follow them, but not so cowardly, as my life remaine thereby in subjection.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1828, John Paul, A Refutation of Arianism, page 20:",
"text": "[…] men who cowardly and hypocritically subscribe orthodox creeds, whilst they teach a different kind of doctrine!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In the manner of a coward, cowardlily."
],
"links": [
[
"cowardlily",
"cowardlily"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) In the manner of a coward, cowardlily."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaʊədli/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cowardly.wav.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "covardament"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "fej"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "kujonagtig"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "krysteragtig"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "pelkurimaisesti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "raukkamaisesti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "lâchement"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "feige"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "gyáván"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "vigliaccamente"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "pusillanimamente"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "vilmente"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hetare",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "へたれ"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "cowardly"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "lâchement"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "feig"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "feig"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "covardemente"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "cobardemente"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "laș"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "truslívo",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "трусли́во"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "malodúšno",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "малоду́шно"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "cobardemente"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "dredöfo"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"word": "dredöfiko"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "dredöfaniko"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hidredöfaniko"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "in the manner of a coward",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jidredöfaniko"
}
],
"word": "cowardly"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cowardie",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "English: cowardie (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: cowardie (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "coward",
"3": "-ly",
"id2": "adverbial",
"t2": "adverbial suffix"
},
"expansion": "coward + -ly (“adverbial suffix”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From coward + -ly (“adverbial suffix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "cowardly",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -ly (adverbial)",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Fear"
],
"glosses": [
"In a cowardly or knavish way; cowardlily."
],
"links": [
[
"cowardly",
"cowardly#English"
],
[
"knavish",
"knavish"
],
[
"way",
"way"
],
[
"cowardlily",
"cowardlily"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkuːardliː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "couherdely"
},
{
"word": "couwardli"
},
{
"word": "cowardelye"
},
{
"word": "cowarly"
},
{
"word": "cowerdly"
},
{
"word": "cowwardely"
},
{
"word": "kowardely"
}
],
"word": "cowardly"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cowardly meaning in All languages combined (26.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.