See certain on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for certain meaning in All languages combined (60.8kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"not doubting\"",
"word": "uncertain"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"sure to happen\"",
"word": "impossible"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"sure to happen\"",
"word": "incidental"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"known but not named\"",
"word": "particular specific"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "certain event"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "certainly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "certain person"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "n",
"word": "certainty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "for certain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "make certain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "of a certain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "of a certain age"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "certeyn"
},
"expansion": "Middle English certeyn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "certein"
},
"expansion": "certein",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "certain"
},
"expansion": "certain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "certain"
},
"expansion": "Old French certain",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "*certānus"
},
"expansion": "*certānus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "certus",
"4": "",
"5": "fixed, resolved, certain"
},
"expansion": "Latin certus (“fixed, resolved, certain”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cretus"
},
"expansion": "cretus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cernere",
"3": "",
"4": "to separate, perceive, decide"
},
"expansion": "cernere (“to separate, perceive, decide”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wis"
},
"expansion": "wis",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "iwis",
"3": "",
"4": "certain, sure"
},
"expansion": "iwis (“certain, sure”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġewiss",
"3": "",
"4": "certain, sure"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġewiss (“certain, sure”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sertane",
"3": "",
"4": "some, certain"
},
"expansion": "sertane (“some, certain”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English certeyn, certein, certain, borrowed from Old French certain, from a Vulgar Latin unattested form *certānus, extended form of Latin certus (“fixed, resolved, certain”), of the same origin as cretus, past participle of cernere (“to separate, perceive, decide”). Displaced native Middle English wis, iwis (“certain, sure”) (from Old English ġewiss (“certain, sure”)) and alternative Middle English spelling sertane (“some, certain”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more certain",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "certainer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most certain",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "certainest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "more",
"2": "er"
},
"expansion": "certain (comparative more certain or certainer, superlative most certain or certainest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cer‧tain"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "intentional"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "irrefutable"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I was certain of my decision.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sure in one's mind, positive; absolutely confident in the truth of something."
],
"id": "en-certain-en-adj-n6J0nA-7",
"links": [
[
"Sure",
"sure"
],
[
"positive",
"positive"
],
[
"confident",
"confident"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "certain"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 16 5 2 10 15 19 3 7 7 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English determiners",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 20 3 2 15 14 20 1 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 3 1 18 12 17 20 2 2 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 3 1 19 14 16 4 4 4 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Now that more experiments have been run, the theory is certain and the argument is settled.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not to be doubted or denied; established as a fact."
],
"id": "en-certain-en-adj-PnFyxDCJ",
"links": [
[
"doubted",
"doubted"
],
[
"denied",
"denied"
],
[
"established",
"established"
],
[
"fact",
"fact"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It is certain that Spain will reach the finals. / Spain is now certain to reach the finals. / Spain is now certain of a place in the finals.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Bankruptcy is the certain outcome of your constant gambling and lending.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sure to happen, inevitable; assured."
],
"id": "en-certain-en-adj-bzG7zBqv",
"links": [
[
"happen",
"happen"
],
[
"inevitable",
"inevitable"
],
[
"assured",
"assured"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "14 2 74 0 1 2 2 2 2",
"sense": "sure to happen",
"word": "unavoidable"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1702, Richard Mead, Mechanical Account of Poisons",
"text": "I have often wished, that I knew so certain a remedy in any other disease",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Unfailing; infallible."
],
"id": "en-certain-en-adj-TsDIZyQB",
"links": [
[
"infallible",
"infallible"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 20 3 2 15 14 20 1 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 3 1 18 12 17 20 2 2 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 15 4 1 21 15 16 4 2 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English positive polarity items",
"parents": [
"Positive polarity items",
"Terms by semantic function"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 3 1 19 14 16 4 4 4 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "at certain intervals"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Fixed; regular; determinate."
],
"id": "en-certain-en-adj-0lMbWAFe",
"links": [
[
"Fixed",
"fixed"
],
[
"regular",
"regular"
],
[
"determinate",
"determinate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 9 6 4 6 21 11 20 6 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English adjectives commonly used as postmodifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 16 5 2 10 15 19 3 7 7 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English determiners",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 20 3 2 15 14 20 1 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 3 1 18 12 17 20 2 2 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 3 1 19 14 16 4 4 4 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Every wine has a certain distinctive character which sets it apart from all others."
},
{
"text": "Each morning, she would see a certain man rush past her window on his way to work."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Particular and definite, but unspecified or unnamed; used to introduce someone or something without going into further detail."
],
"id": "en-certain-en-adj-e~cFtDKB",
"links": [
[
"Particular",
"particular"
],
[
"definite",
"definite"
],
[
"unspecified",
"unspecified"
],
[
"unnamed",
"unnamed"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 9 6 4 6 21 11 20 6 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English adjectives commonly used as postmodifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 16 5 2 10 15 19 3 7 7 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English determiners",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 20 3 2 15 14 20 1 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 3 1 18 12 17 20 2 2 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 3 1 19 14 16 4 4 4 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Looking inside the cover, they learned that the book had once belonged to a certain R. Jones."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Named but not previously mentioned."
],
"id": "en-certain-en-adj-ATJiBURn",
"links": [
[
"Named",
"named"
],
[
"mention",
"mention"
]
],
"qualifier": "preceded by \"a\"",
"raw_glosses": [
"(preceded by \"a\", of a person) Named but not previously mentioned."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a person"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "one"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "baʕḍ",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "بَعْض"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "müəyyən"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "jakísʹci",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "які́сьці"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njéjki",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "не́йкі"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "jakísʹ",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "які́сь"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "njakakǎv",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "някакъв"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "njakoj si",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "някой си"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "cert"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yǒu de",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "有的"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǒu",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "某"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "nějaký"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "zekere"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "bepaalde"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "eräs"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "yksi"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "certain"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "quelconque"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "gewiss"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "irgendein"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "tis",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "τις"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "bizonyos"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "egyes"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "némely"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "egyfajta"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "egynémely"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "certena"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "certo"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "tale"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "aru",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "ある"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "eoneu",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "어느"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"alt": "特定",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "teukjeong",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "특정"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "quīdam"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "jakiś"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "niejaki"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nékotoryj",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "не́который"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kakój-to",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "како́й-то"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nékij",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "не́кий"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "nejaký"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "cierto"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "fulani"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "malum"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "bazı"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "belli başlı"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "jakýjsʹ",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "яки́йсь"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kotrýjsʹ",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "котри́йсь"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "déjakyj",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "де́який"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "gevis",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "געוויס"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 25 5 2 5 10 36 10 5",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "delil"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 9 6 4 6 21 11 20 6 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English adjectives commonly used as postmodifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 3 1 18 12 17 20 2 2 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Since the last British government to make such a proposal was that of a certain Margaret Thatcher, it might not seem unreasonable."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used before the name of someone famous that people are expected to know."
],
"id": "en-certain-en-adj-lrQAOj7l",
"qualifier": "preceded by \"a\"",
"raw_glosses": [
"(preceded by \"a\", of a person) Used before the name of someone famous that people are expected to know."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a person"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "one"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Determined; resolved."
],
"id": "en-certain-en-adj-hU3PtFfj",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Determined; resolved."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜːtn̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtn̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝʔn̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtən/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtn̩/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝʔn̩/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)tən"
},
{
"audio": "En-ca-certain.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/En-ca-certain.ogg/En-ca-certain.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/En-ca-certain.ogg",
"tags": [
"Canada"
],
"text": "Audio (CA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-certain.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fe/En-us-certain.ogg/En-us-certain.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/En-us-certain.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "certaine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "certayne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "certeine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "assured"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "certain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "clear"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "confident"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "definite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "doubtless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "positive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "sicker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "sure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "unambiguous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "unequivocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "univocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "unwavering"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "wis"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔakīd",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "أَكِيد"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ar",
"english": "said of a person",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mutaʔakkid",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "مُتَأَكِّد"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hastatun",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "հաստատուն"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "ciertu"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "əmin"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "upéŭnjeny",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "упэ́ўнены"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "péŭny",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "пэ́ўны"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "síguren",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "си́гурен"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uvéren",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "уве́рен"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "cert"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ccc",
"lang": "Chamicuro",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "akachelo'ta"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kěndìng",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "肯定"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "確切"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "quèqiè",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "确切"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yīdìng",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "一定"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jistý"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sikker"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sikkert"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "sikre"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "zeker"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certa"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "varma"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certain"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "ciert"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "sigûr"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "positîv"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ueč̣veli",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "უეჭველი"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "udavo",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "უდავო"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "gewiss"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "sicher"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vévaios",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βέβαιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "émpedos",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "ἔμπεδος"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "biztos"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "bizonyos"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viss"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "öruggur"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certa"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "cinnte"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "dearfa"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "deimhin"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ist",
"lang": "Istriot",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "sierto"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certo"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sicuro"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"alt": "たしか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tashika",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "確か"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"alt": "いってい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ittei",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "一定"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"alt": "さだか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sadaka",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "定か"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"alt": "とくていの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tokutei no",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "特定の"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "cĕəklĕək",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "ជាក់លាក់"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hwaksilhada",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "확실하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "cert"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "cërt"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certus"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "fidus"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "siguren",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "сигурен"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "uveren",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "уверен"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ċert"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ċerta"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "ċerti"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "taketake"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "sikker"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "viss"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "or",
"lang": "Odia",
"roman": "nirddiṣṭô",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "gewiss"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "goh",
"lang": "Old High German",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "giwis"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "wess"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pewny"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certo"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "cert"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "anume"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "sigur"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uvérennyj",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "уве́ренный"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "of a fact",
"roman": "opredeljónnyj",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "определённый"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certu"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "tzertu"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "tzeltu"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "cinnteach"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "deimhinne"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "sȉgūran"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "си̏гӯран"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "у̀верен"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "sȉgūran"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "ùveren"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certu"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "istý"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "gotov"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "cierto"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "säker"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "säkert"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "säkra"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "tet",
"lang": "Tetum",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "tebes"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "nɛ̂ɛ-nɔɔn",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "แน่นอน"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "kesin"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "emin"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "upévnenyj",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "упе́внений"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pévnyj",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "пе́вний"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "çerto"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "serto"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certo"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "chắc chắn"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "zikher",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "זיכער"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "emel"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 15 31 1 2 3 15 2 3",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "qeta"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"certain"
],
"word": "certain"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "certeyn"
},
"expansion": "Middle English certeyn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "certein"
},
"expansion": "certein",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "certain"
},
"expansion": "certain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "certain"
},
"expansion": "Old French certain",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "*certānus"
},
"expansion": "*certānus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "certus",
"4": "",
"5": "fixed, resolved, certain"
},
"expansion": "Latin certus (“fixed, resolved, certain”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cretus"
},
"expansion": "cretus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cernere",
"3": "",
"4": "to separate, perceive, decide"
},
"expansion": "cernere (“to separate, perceive, decide”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wis"
},
"expansion": "wis",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "iwis",
"3": "",
"4": "certain, sure"
},
"expansion": "iwis (“certain, sure”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġewiss",
"3": "",
"4": "certain, sure"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġewiss (“certain, sure”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sertane",
"3": "",
"4": "some, certain"
},
"expansion": "sertane (“some, certain”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English certeyn, certein, certain, borrowed from Old French certain, from a Vulgar Latin unattested form *certānus, extended form of Latin certus (“fixed, resolved, certain”), of the same origin as cretus, past participle of cernere (“to separate, perceive, decide”). Displaced native Middle English wis, iwis (“certain, sure”) (from Old English ġewiss (“certain, sure”)) and alternative Middle English spelling sertane (“some, certain”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "determiner",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "certain",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "certain",
"name": "en-det"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cer‧tain"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Certain people are good at running.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having been determined but not specified."
],
"id": "en-certain-en-det-YyuC2Mj9",
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "muḥaddad",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "مُحَدَّد"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njéjki",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "не́йкі"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "opredelen",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "определен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "cert"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǒu",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "某"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yǒude",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "有的"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jistý"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "určitý"
},
{
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "ciart"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vis"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vist"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "visse"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "certa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "tietty"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "muuan"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "eräät"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "certain"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "certo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "garḳveuli",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "გარკვეული"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "bestimmt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "gewiss"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "bizonyos"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "egyes"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "némely"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ákveðinn"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viss"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "determinato"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "aru",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "ある"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "toaru",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "とある"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "quīdam"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "viss"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "visst"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "visse"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "enkelte"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "certo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "anumit"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nékotoryj",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "не́который"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "opredeljónnyj",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "определённый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nékij",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "не́кий"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "òdrēđen"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "nȅkī"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cierto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cierta"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "viss"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "visst"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "vissa"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "belli"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "malum"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "belirli"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "muayyen"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pévnyj",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "пе́вний"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "déjakyj",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "де́який"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "gevis",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "געוויס"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "beyan"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "delil"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜːtn̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtn̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝʔn̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtən/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtn̩/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝʔn̩/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)tən"
},
{
"audio": "En-ca-certain.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/En-ca-certain.ogg/En-ca-certain.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/En-ca-certain.ogg",
"tags": [
"Canada"
],
"text": "Audio (CA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-certain.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fe/En-us-certain.ogg/En-us-certain.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/En-us-certain.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "certaine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "certayne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "certeine"
}
],
"word": "certain"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "certeyn"
},
"expansion": "Middle English certeyn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "certein"
},
"expansion": "certein",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "certain"
},
"expansion": "certain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "certain"
},
"expansion": "Old French certain",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "*certānus"
},
"expansion": "*certānus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "certus",
"4": "",
"5": "fixed, resolved, certain"
},
"expansion": "Latin certus (“fixed, resolved, certain”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cretus"
},
"expansion": "cretus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cernere",
"3": "",
"4": "to separate, perceive, decide"
},
"expansion": "cernere (“to separate, perceive, decide”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wis"
},
"expansion": "wis",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "iwis",
"3": "",
"4": "certain, sure"
},
"expansion": "iwis (“certain, sure”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġewiss",
"3": "",
"4": "certain, sure"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġewiss (“certain, sure”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sertane",
"3": "",
"4": "some, certain"
},
"expansion": "sertane (“some, certain”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English certeyn, certein, certain, borrowed from Old French certain, from a Vulgar Latin unattested form *certānus, extended form of Latin certus (“fixed, resolved, certain”), of the same origin as cretus, past participle of cernere (“to separate, perceive, decide”). Displaced native Middle English wis, iwis (“certain, sure”) (from Old English ġewiss (“certain, sure”)) and alternative Middle English spelling sertane (“some, certain”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "pronoun",
"20": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "certain",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "certain",
"name": "en-pron"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cer‧tain"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 16 5 2 10 15 19 3 7 7 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English determiners",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 20 3 2 15 14 20 1 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 3 1 18 12 17 20 2 2 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 3 1 19 14 16 4 4 4 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She mentioned a series of contracts, of which certain are not cited.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Unnamed or undescribed members (of)."
],
"id": "en-certain-en-pron-UJUDfY~9",
"raw_glosses": [
"(with of) Unnamed or undescribed members (of)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "some#Pronoun"
}
],
"tags": [
"with-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜːtn̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtn̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝʔn̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtən/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtn̩/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝʔn̩/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)tən"
},
{
"audio": "En-ca-certain.ogg",
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"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "",
"4": "some, certain"
},
"expansion": "sertane (“some, certain”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English certeyn, certein, certain, borrowed from Old French certain, from a Vulgar Latin unattested form *certānus, extended form of Latin certus (“fixed, resolved, certain”), of the same origin as cretus, past participle of cernere (“to separate, perceive, decide”). Displaced native Middle English wis, iwis (“certain, sure”) (from Old English ġewiss (“certain, sure”)) and alternative Middle English spelling sertane (“some, certain”).",
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},
{
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"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most certain",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "certainest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "more",
"2": "er"
},
"expansion": "certain (comparative more certain or certainer, superlative most certain or certainest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cer‧tain"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "intentional"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "irrefutable"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I was certain of my decision.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sure in one's mind, positive; absolutely confident in the truth of something."
],
"links": [
[
"Sure",
"sure"
],
[
"positive",
"positive"
],
[
"confident",
"confident"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "certain"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Now that more experiments have been run, the theory is certain and the argument is settled.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not to be doubted or denied; established as a fact."
],
"links": [
[
"doubted",
"doubted"
],
[
"denied",
"denied"
],
[
"established",
"established"
],
[
"fact",
"fact"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It is certain that Spain will reach the finals. / Spain is now certain to reach the finals. / Spain is now certain of a place in the finals.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Bankruptcy is the certain outcome of your constant gambling and lending.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sure to happen, inevitable; assured."
],
"links": [
[
"happen",
"happen"
],
[
"inevitable",
"inevitable"
],
[
"assured",
"assured"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1702, Richard Mead, Mechanical Account of Poisons",
"text": "I have often wished, that I knew so certain a remedy in any other disease",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Unfailing; infallible."
],
"links": [
[
"infallible",
"infallible"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "at certain intervals"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Fixed; regular; determinate."
],
"links": [
[
"Fixed",
"fixed"
],
[
"regular",
"regular"
],
[
"determinate",
"determinate"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Every wine has a certain distinctive character which sets it apart from all others."
},
{
"text": "Each morning, she would see a certain man rush past her window on his way to work."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Particular and definite, but unspecified or unnamed; used to introduce someone or something without going into further detail."
],
"links": [
[
"Particular",
"particular"
],
[
"definite",
"definite"
],
[
"unspecified",
"unspecified"
],
[
"unnamed",
"unnamed"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Looking inside the cover, they learned that the book had once belonged to a certain R. Jones."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Named but not previously mentioned."
],
"links": [
[
"Named",
"named"
],
[
"mention",
"mention"
]
],
"qualifier": "preceded by \"a\"",
"raw_glosses": [
"(preceded by \"a\", of a person) Named but not previously mentioned."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a person"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "one"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Since the last British government to make such a proposal was that of a certain Margaret Thatcher, it might not seem unreasonable."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used before the name of someone famous that people are expected to know."
],
"qualifier": "preceded by \"a\"",
"raw_glosses": [
"(preceded by \"a\", of a person) Used before the name of someone famous that people are expected to know."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a person"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "one"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Determined; resolved."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Determined; resolved."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜːtn̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtn̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝʔn̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtən/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtn̩/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝʔn̩/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)tən"
},
{
"audio": "En-ca-certain.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/En-ca-certain.ogg/En-ca-certain.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/En-ca-certain.ogg",
"tags": [
"Canada"
],
"text": "Audio (CA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-certain.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fe/En-us-certain.ogg/En-us-certain.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/En-us-certain.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "sure to happen",
"word": "unavoidable"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "certaine"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "certayne"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "certeine"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "assured"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "certain"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "clear"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "confident"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "definite"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "doubtless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "positive"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "sicker"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "sure"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "unambiguous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "unequivocal"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "univocal"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "unwavering"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:certain",
"word": "wis"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔakīd",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "أَكِيد"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"english": "said of a person",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mutaʔakkid",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "مُتَأَكِّد"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hastatun",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "հաստատուն"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "ciertu"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "əmin"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "upéŭnjeny",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "упэ́ўнены"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "péŭny",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "пэ́ўны"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "síguren",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "си́гурен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uvéren",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "уве́рен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "cert"
},
{
"code": "ccc",
"lang": "Chamicuro",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "akachelo'ta"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kěndìng",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "肯定"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "確切"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "quèqiè",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "确切"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yīdìng",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "一定"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jistý"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sikker"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sikkert"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "sikre"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "zeker"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "varma"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certain"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "ciert"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "sigûr"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "positîv"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ueč̣veli",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "უეჭველი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "udavo",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "უდავო"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "gewiss"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "sicher"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vévaios",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βέβαιος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "émpedos",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "ἔμπεδος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "biztos"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "bizonyos"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viss"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "öruggur"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certa"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "cinnte"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "dearfa"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "deimhin"
},
{
"code": "ist",
"lang": "Istriot",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "sierto"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sicuro"
},
{
"alt": "たしか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tashika",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "確か"
},
{
"alt": "いってい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ittei",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "一定"
},
{
"alt": "さだか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sadaka",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "定か"
},
{
"alt": "とくていの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tokutei no",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "特定の"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "cĕəklĕək",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "ជាក់លាក់"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hwaksilhada",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "확실하다"
},
{
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "cert"
},
{
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "cërt"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "fidus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "siguren",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "сигурен"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "uveren",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "уверен"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ċert"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ċerta"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "ċerti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "taketake"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "sikker"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "viss"
},
{
"code": "or",
"lang": "Odia",
"roman": "nirddiṣṭô",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "gewiss"
},
{
"code": "goh",
"lang": "Old High German",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "giwis"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "wess"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pewny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "cert"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "anume"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "sigur"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uvérennyj",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "уве́ренный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "of a fact",
"roman": "opredeljónnyj",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "определённый"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certu"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "tzertu"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "tzeltu"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "cinnteach"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "deimhinne"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "sȉgūran"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "си̏гӯран"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "у̀верен"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "sȉgūran"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "ùveren"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certu"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "istý"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "gotov"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "cierto"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "säker"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "säkert"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "säkra"
},
{
"code": "tet",
"lang": "Tetum",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "tebes"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "nɛ̂ɛ-nɔɔn",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "แน่นอน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "kesin"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "emin"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "upévnenyj",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "упе́внений"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pévnyj",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "пе́вний"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "çerto"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "serto"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "certo"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "chắc chắn"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "zikher",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "זיכער"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "emel"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "sure, positive, not doubting",
"word": "qeta"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "baʕḍ",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "بَعْض"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "müəyyən"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "jakísʹci",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "які́сьці"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njéjki",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "не́йкі"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "jakísʹ",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "які́сь"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "njakakǎv",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "някакъв"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "njakoj si",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "някой си"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "cert"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yǒu de",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "有的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǒu",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "某"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "nějaký"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "zekere"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "bepaalde"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "eräs"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "yksi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "certain"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "quelconque"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "gewiss"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "irgendein"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "tis",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "τις"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "bizonyos"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "egyes"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "némely"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "egyfajta"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "egynémely"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "certena"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "certo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "tale"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "aru",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "ある"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "eoneu",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "어느"
},
{
"alt": "特定",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "teukjeong",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "특정"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "quīdam"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "jakiś"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "niejaki"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nékotoryj",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "не́который"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kakój-to",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "како́й-то"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nékij",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "не́кий"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "nejaký"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "cierto"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "fulani"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "malum"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "bazı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "belli başlı"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "jakýjsʹ",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "яки́йсь"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kotrýjsʹ",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "котри́йсь"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "déjakyj",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "де́який"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "gevis",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "געוויס"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite",
"word": "delil"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"certain"
],
"word": "certain"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English adjectives commonly used as postmodifiers",
"English determiners",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English positive polarity items",
"English pronouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *krey-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)tən",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)tən/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "certeyn"
},
"expansion": "Middle English certeyn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "certein"
},
"expansion": "certein",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "certain"
},
"expansion": "certain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "certain"
},
"expansion": "Old French certain",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "*certānus"
},
"expansion": "*certānus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "certus",
"4": "",
"5": "fixed, resolved, certain"
},
"expansion": "Latin certus (“fixed, resolved, certain”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cretus"
},
"expansion": "cretus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cernere",
"3": "",
"4": "to separate, perceive, decide"
},
"expansion": "cernere (“to separate, perceive, decide”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wis"
},
"expansion": "wis",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "iwis",
"3": "",
"4": "certain, sure"
},
"expansion": "iwis (“certain, sure”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġewiss",
"3": "",
"4": "certain, sure"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġewiss (“certain, sure”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sertane",
"3": "",
"4": "some, certain"
},
"expansion": "sertane (“some, certain”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English certeyn, certein, certain, borrowed from Old French certain, from a Vulgar Latin unattested form *certānus, extended form of Latin certus (“fixed, resolved, certain”), of the same origin as cretus, past participle of cernere (“to separate, perceive, decide”). Displaced native Middle English wis, iwis (“certain, sure”) (from Old English ġewiss (“certain, sure”)) and alternative Middle English spelling sertane (“some, certain”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "determiner",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "certain",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "certain",
"name": "en-det"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cer‧tain"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Certain people are good at running.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having been determined but not specified."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜːtn̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtn̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝʔn̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtən/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝtn̩/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝʔn̩/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)tən"
},
{
"audio": "En-ca-certain.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/En-ca-certain.ogg/En-ca-certain.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/En-ca-certain.ogg",
"tags": [
"Canada"
],
"text": "Audio (CA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-certain.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fe/En-us-certain.ogg/En-us-certain.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/En-us-certain.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "certaine"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "certayne"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "certeine"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "muḥaddad",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "مُحَدَّد"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njéjki",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "не́йкі"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "opredelen",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "определен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "cert"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǒu",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "某"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yǒude",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "有的"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jistý"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "určitý"
},
{
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "ciart"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vis"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vist"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "visse"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "certa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "tietty"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "muuan"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "eräät"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "certain"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "certo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "garḳveuli",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "გარკვეული"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "bestimmt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "gewiss"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "bizonyos"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "egyes"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "némely"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ákveðinn"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viss"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "determinato"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "aru",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "ある"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "toaru",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "とある"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "quīdam"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "viss"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "visst"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "visse"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "enkelte"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "certo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "anumit"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nékotoryj",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "не́который"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "opredeljónnyj",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "определённый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nékij",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "не́кий"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "òdrēđen"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "nȅkī"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cierto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cierta"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "viss"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "visst"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "vissa"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "belli"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "malum"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "belirli"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "muayyen"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pévnyj",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "пе́вний"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "déjakyj",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "де́який"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "gevis",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "געוויס"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "having been determined but not specified",
"word": "beyan"
},
{
"code": "zza",
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"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *krey-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
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],
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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{
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"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links"
],
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{
"word": "d’un certain âge"
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{
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],
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{
"args": {},
"name": "fro-decl-adj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "certains",
"10": "certains",
"11": "certaines",
"12": "certain",
"2": "certaine",
"3": "certain",
"4": "certain",
"5": "certaine",
"6": "certain",
"7": "certain",
"8": "certaines",
"9": "certain"
},
"name": "fro-decl-adj/table"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "cert"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French adjectives",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"certain; sure"
],
"links": [
[
"certain",
"certain#English"
],
[
"sure",
"sure"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "seur"
},
{
"tags": [
"Picardy"
],
"word": "chertain"
}
],
"word": "certain"
}
{
"called_from": "translations/324",
"msg": "possible sense number in translation item: Ido: __IGNORE__ (1), __IGNORE__ (2)",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old French]; cleaned text: Singular",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old French]; cleaned text: Subject",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old French]; cleaned text: Oblique",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old French]; cleaned text: Plural",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old French]; cleaned text: Subject",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old French]; cleaned text: Oblique",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: certain/Old French 'Number' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.