See certain in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "certain"
},
"expansion": "French: certain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: certain"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "certeyn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: certeyn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: certeyn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "certain"
},
"expansion": "English: certain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: certain"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*certānus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *certānus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "certus"
},
"expansion": "Latin certus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Vulgar Latin *certānus, derived from Latin certus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "certaine",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "certains",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "certaine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "certaine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "certaine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "certaines",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "certains",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "certaines",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "certaines",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"10": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "oblique and nominative feminine singular",
"4": "certaine",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "certain m (oblique and nominative feminine singular certaine)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "certain m (oblique and nominative feminine singular certaine)",
"name": "fro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fro-decl-adj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "certains",
"10": "certains",
"11": "certaines",
"12": "certain",
"2": "certaine",
"3": "certain",
"4": "certain",
"5": "certaine",
"6": "certain",
"7": "certain",
"8": "certaines",
"9": "certain"
},
"name": "fro-decl-adj/table"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"certain; sure"
],
"id": "en-certain-fro-adj-euSyzG1K",
"links": [
[
"certain",
"certain#English"
],
[
"sure",
"sure"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "cert"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "seur"
},
{
"tags": [
"Picardy"
],
"word": "chertain"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "certain"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "certain"
},
"expansion": "French: certain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: certain"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "certeyn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: certeyn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: certeyn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "certain"
},
"expansion": "English: certain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: certain"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*certānus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *certānus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "certus"
},
"expansion": "Latin certus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Vulgar Latin *certānus, derived from Latin certus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "certaine",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "certains",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "certaine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "certaine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "certaine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "certaines",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "certains",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "certaines",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "certaines",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "certain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"10": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "oblique and nominative feminine singular",
"4": "certaine",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "certain m (oblique and nominative feminine singular certaine)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "certain m (oblique and nominative feminine singular certaine)",
"name": "fro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fro-decl-adj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "certains",
"10": "certains",
"11": "certaines",
"12": "certain",
"2": "certaine",
"3": "certain",
"4": "certain",
"5": "certaine",
"6": "certain",
"7": "certain",
"8": "certaines",
"9": "certain"
},
"name": "fro-decl-adj/table"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "cert"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French adjectives",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"certain; sure"
],
"links": [
[
"certain",
"certain#English"
],
[
"sure",
"sure"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "seur"
},
{
"tags": [
"Picardy"
],
"word": "chertain"
}
],
"word": "certain"
}
Download raw JSONL data for certain meaning in Old French (3.8kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old French]; cleaned text: Singular",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old French]; cleaned text: Subject",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old French]; cleaned text: Oblique",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old French]; cleaned text: Plural",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old French]; cleaned text: Subject",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old French]; cleaned text: Oblique",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: certain/Old French 'Number' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"certain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "certain",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.