"確か" meaning in Japanese

See 確か in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [ta̠ɕi̥ka̠]
Etymology: From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE. Derived from the tashi- element seen in たしに (tashi ni, “sufficiently; firmly; surely”) and たしない (tashinai, “difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking”) + adjective-forming suffix か (-ka). Etymology templates: {{inh|ja|ojp|-}} Old Japanese, {{C.E.|nodots=1}} CE, {{CE}} CE, {{ja-r|たし に||sufficiently; firmly; surely}} たしに (tashi ni, “sufficiently; firmly; surely”), {{ja-r|たしない||difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking}} たしない (tashinai, “difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking”), {{ja-r|-か}} か (-ka) Head templates: {{ja-adj|たしか|infl=na}} 確(たし)か • (tashika) -na (adnominal 確(たし)かな (tashika na), adverbial 確(たし)かに (tashika ni)) Inflection templates: {{ja-adj-infl|adverbial=. に|attributive=. な|conditional=. なら（ば）|conjunctive=. で|continuative=. で|degree=さ|formal=. です|formal_negative=. で は ありません|formal_negative2=. じゃ ありません|formal_negative_past=. で は ありません でした|formal_negative_past2=. じゃ ありません でした|formal_past=. でした|hypothetical=. なら|imperative=. で あれ|imperfective=. だろ|informal_negative=. で は ない|informal_negative2=. じゃ ない|informal_negative_past=. で は なかった|informal_negative_past2=. じゃ なかった|informal_past=. だった|kana=たしか|lemma=確か|provisional=. だったら|terminal=. だ|volitional=. だろう}} Forms: 確か [canonical] (ruby: 確(たし)), tashika [romanization], 確かな [adnominal] (ruby: 確(たし)), 確かに [adverbial] (ruby: 確(たし)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 確かだろ [imperfective, stem], たしかだろ [imperfective, stem], tashika daro [imperfective], 確かで [continuative, stem], たしかで [continuative, stem], tashika de [continuative], 確かだ [stem, terminative], たしかだ [stem, terminative], tashika da [terminative], 確かな [attributive, stem], たしかな [attributive, stem], tashika na [attributive], 確かなら [hypothetical, stem], たしかなら [hypothetical, stem], tashika nara [hypothetical], 確かであれ [imperative, stem], たしかであれ [imperative, stem], tashika de are [imperative], 確かではない [informal, negative], 確かじゃない [informal, negative], たしかではない [informal, negative], たしかじゃない [informal, negative], tashika de wa nai [informal, negative], tashika ja nai [informal, negative], 確かだった [informal, past], たしかだった [informal, past], tashika datta [informal, past], 確かではなかった [informal, negative, past], 確かじゃなかった [informal, negative, past], たしかではなかった [informal, negative, past], たしかじゃなかった [informal, negative, past], tashika de wa nakatta [informal, negative, past], tashika ja nakatta [informal, negative, past], 確かです [formal], たしかです [formal], tashika desu [formal], 確かではありません [formal, negative], 確かじゃありません [formal, negative], たしかではありません [formal, negative], たしかじゃありません [formal, negative], tashika de wa arimasen [formal, negative], tashika ja arimasen [formal, negative], 確かでした [formal, past], たしかでした [formal, past], tashika deshita [formal, past], 確かではありませんでした [formal, negative, past], 確かじゃありませんでした [formal, negative, past], たしかではありませんでした [formal, negative, past], たしかじゃありませんでした [formal, negative, past], tashika de wa arimasen deshita [formal, negative, past], tashika ja arimasen deshita [formal, negative, past], 確かで [conjunctive], たしかで [conjunctive], tashika de [conjunctive], 確かなら（ば） [conditional], たしかなら（ば） [conditional], tashika nara (ba) [conditional], 確かだったら [conditional, past], たしかだったら [conditional, past], tashika dattara [conditional, past], 確かだろう [volitional], たしかだろう [volitional], tashika darō [volitional], 確かに [adverbial], たしかに [adverbial], tashika ni [adverbial], 確かさ [noun-from-adj], たしかさ [noun-from-adj], tashikasa [noun-from-adj]
  1. certain, clear, without a doubt Synonyms (certain): 確実 (kakujitsu), 当てになる (ate ni naru)
    Sense id: en-確か-ja-adj-goxG6kiq Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 64 11 25 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 63 10 27 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 63 10 27 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 63 10 27 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 66 9 25 Disambiguation of 'certain': 92 8
  2. secure, reliable, able to be trusted completely
    Sense id: en-確か-ja-adj-6x~stiJx

Adverb

IPA: [ta̠ɕi̥ka̠] Forms: 確か [canonical] (ruby: 確(たし)), tashika [romanization]
Etymology: From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE. Derived from the tashi- element seen in たしに (tashi ni, “sufficiently; firmly; surely”) and たしない (tashinai, “difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking”) + adjective-forming suffix か (-ka). Etymology templates: {{inh|ja|ojp|-}} Old Japanese, {{C.E.|nodots=1}} CE, {{CE}} CE, {{ja-r|たし に||sufficiently; firmly; surely}} たしに (tashi ni, “sufficiently; firmly; surely”), {{ja-r|たしない||difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking}} たしない (tashinai, “difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking”), {{ja-r|-か}} か (-ka) Head templates: {{ja-pos|adverb|たしか}} 確(たし)か • (tashika)
  1. if I remember correctly, in my memory, probably but not totally sure
    Sense id: en-確か-ja-adv-t8KTg4PS

Download JSON data for 確か meaning in Japanese (11.6kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "たし に",
        "2": "",
        "3": "sufficiently; firmly; surely"
      },
      "expansion": "たしに (tashi ni, “sufficiently; firmly; surely”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "たしない",
        "2": "",
        "3": "difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking"
      },
      "expansion": "たしない (tashinai, “difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-か"
      },
      "expansion": "か (-ka)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.\nDerived from the tashi- element seen in たしに (tashi ni, “sufficiently; firmly; surely”) and たしない (tashinai, “difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking”) + adjective-forming suffix か (-ka).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "確か",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "確",
          "たし"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かな",
      "roman": "tashika na",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "確",
          "たし"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adnominal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かに",
      "roman": "tashika ni",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "確",
          "たし"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-na",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かだろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかだろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika daro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かで",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかで",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika de",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かだ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかだ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika da",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かな",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかな",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika na",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かなら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかなら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika nara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かであれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかであれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika de are",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かではない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かじゃない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかではない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかじゃない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika de wa nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika ja nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かだった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかだった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika datta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かではなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かじゃなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかではなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかじゃなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika de wa nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika ja nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かではありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かじゃありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかではありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかじゃありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika de wa arimasen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika ja arimasen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika deshita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かではありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かじゃありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかではありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかじゃありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika de wa arimasen deshita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika ja arimasen deshita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かで",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかで",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika de",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かなら（ば）",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかなら（ば）",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika nara (ba)",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かだったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかだったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika dattara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かだろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかだろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika darō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かに",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかに",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika ni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashikasa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "たしか",
        "infl": "na"
      },
      "expansion": "確(たし)か • (tashika) -na (adnominal 確(たし)かな (tashika na), adverbial 確(たし)かに (tashika ni))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": ". に",
        "attributive": ". な",
        "conditional": ". なら（ば）",
        "conjunctive": ". で",
        "continuative": ". で",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": ". です",
        "formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
        "formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
        "formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
        "formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
        "formal_past": ". でした",
        "hypothetical": ". なら",
        "imperative": ". で あれ",
        "imperfective": ". だろ",
        "informal_negative": ". で は ない",
        "informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
        "informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
        "informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
        "informal_past": ". だった",
        "kana": "たしか",
        "lemma": "確か",
        "provisional": ". だったら",
        "terminal": ". だ",
        "volitional": ". だろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "64 11 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 10 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 10 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 10 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "66 9 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "certain, clear, without a doubt"
      ],
      "id": "en-確か-ja-adj-goxG6kiq",
      "links": [
        [
          "certain",
          "certain"
        ],
        [
          "clear",
          "clear"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "roman": "kakujitsu",
          "sense": "certain",
          "word": "確実"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "roman": "ate ni naru",
          "sense": "certain",
          "word": "当てになる"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "secure, reliable, able to be trusted completely"
      ],
      "id": "en-確か-ja-adj-6x~stiJx",
      "links": [
        [
          "secure",
          "secure"
        ],
        [
          "reliable",
          "reliable"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "たしか"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ta̠ɕi̥ka̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Nihon Shoki"
  ],
  "word": "確か"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "たし に",
        "2": "",
        "3": "sufficiently; firmly; surely"
      },
      "expansion": "たしに (tashi ni, “sufficiently; firmly; surely”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "たしない",
        "2": "",
        "3": "difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking"
      },
      "expansion": "たしない (tashinai, “difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-か"
      },
      "expansion": "か (-ka)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.\nDerived from the tashi- element seen in たしに (tashi ni, “sufficiently; firmly; surely”) and たしない (tashinai, “difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking”) + adjective-forming suffix か (-ka).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "確か",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "確",
          "たし"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adverb",
        "2": "たしか"
      },
      "expansion": "確(たし)か • (tashika)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I'm pretty sure that I've come here before.",
          "roman": "Tashika, koko ni kita koto ga aru.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "確",
              "たし"
            ],
            [
              "来",
              "き"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "確か、ここに来たことがある。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "if I remember correctly, in my memory, probably but not totally sure"
      ],
      "id": "en-確か-ja-adv-t8KTg4PS"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "たしか"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ta̠ɕi̥ka̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Nihon Shoki"
  ],
  "word": "確か"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese adjectives",
    "Japanese adverbs",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Japanese な-na adjectives"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "たし に",
        "2": "",
        "3": "sufficiently; firmly; surely"
      },
      "expansion": "たしに (tashi ni, “sufficiently; firmly; surely”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "たしない",
        "2": "",
        "3": "difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking"
      },
      "expansion": "たしない (tashinai, “difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-か"
      },
      "expansion": "か (-ka)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.\nDerived from the tashi- element seen in たしに (tashi ni, “sufficiently; firmly; surely”) and たしない (tashinai, “difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking”) + adjective-forming suffix か (-ka).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "確か",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "確",
          "たし"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かな",
      "roman": "tashika na",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "確",
          "たし"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adnominal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かに",
      "roman": "tashika ni",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "確",
          "たし"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-na",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かだろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかだろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika daro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かで",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかで",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika de",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かだ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかだ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika da",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かな",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかな",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika na",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かなら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかなら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika nara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かであれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかであれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika de are",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かではない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かじゃない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかではない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかじゃない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika de wa nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika ja nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かだった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかだった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika datta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かではなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かじゃなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかではなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかじゃなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika de wa nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika ja nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かではありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かじゃありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかではありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかじゃありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika de wa arimasen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika ja arimasen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika deshita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かではありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かじゃありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかではありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかじゃありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika de wa arimasen deshita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika ja arimasen deshita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かで",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかで",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika de",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かなら（ば）",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかなら（ば）",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika nara (ba)",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かだったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかだったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika dattara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かだろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかだろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika darō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かに",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかに",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika ni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "確かさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たしかさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashikasa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "たしか",
        "infl": "na"
      },
      "expansion": "確(たし)か • (tashika) -na (adnominal 確(たし)かな (tashika na), adverbial 確(たし)かに (tashika ni))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": ". に",
        "attributive": ". な",
        "conditional": ". なら（ば）",
        "conjunctive": ". で",
        "continuative": ". で",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": ". です",
        "formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
        "formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
        "formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
        "formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
        "formal_past": ". でした",
        "hypothetical": ". なら",
        "imperative": ". で あれ",
        "imperfective": ". だろ",
        "informal_negative": ". で は ない",
        "informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
        "informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
        "informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
        "informal_past": ". だった",
        "kana": "たしか",
        "lemma": "確か",
        "provisional": ". だったら",
        "terminal": ". だ",
        "volitional": ". だろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "certain, clear, without a doubt"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "certain",
          "certain"
        ],
        [
          "clear",
          "clear"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "secure, reliable, able to be trusted completely"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "secure",
          "secure"
        ],
        [
          "reliable",
          "reliable"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "たしか"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ta̠ɕi̥ka̠]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kakujitsu",
      "sense": "certain",
      "word": "確実"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ate ni naru",
      "sense": "certain",
      "word": "当てになる"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Nihon Shoki"
  ],
  "word": "確か"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese adjectives",
    "Japanese adverbs",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Japanese な-na adjectives"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "たし に",
        "2": "",
        "3": "sufficiently; firmly; surely"
      },
      "expansion": "たしに (tashi ni, “sufficiently; firmly; surely”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "たしない",
        "2": "",
        "3": "difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking"
      },
      "expansion": "たしない (tashinai, “difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-か"
      },
      "expansion": "か (-ka)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.\nDerived from the tashi- element seen in たしに (tashi ni, “sufficiently; firmly; surely”) and たしない (tashinai, “difficult, agonizing; poor, lacking”) + adjective-forming suffix か (-ka).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "確か",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "確",
          "たし"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tashika",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adverb",
        "2": "たしか"
      },
      "expansion": "確(たし)か • (tashika)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I'm pretty sure that I've come here before.",
          "roman": "Tashika, koko ni kita koto ga aru.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "確",
              "たし"
            ],
            [
              "来",
              "き"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "確か、ここに来たことがある。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "if I remember correctly, in my memory, probably but not totally sure"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "たしか"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ta̠ɕi̥ka̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Nihon Shoki"
  ],
  "word": "確か"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "確か"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "確か",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "確か"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "adverb",
  "title": "確か",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.