See Roma on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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"1": "en",
"2": "rom",
"3": "roma"
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"expansion": "Romani roma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "डोम्ब",
"4": "",
"5": "lower-caste person working as a wandering musician"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit डोम्ब (ḍomba, “lower-caste person working as a wandering musician”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Romani roma, plural of rom (“man, husband, Romani man”). The latter probably comes from Sanskrit डोम्ब (ḍomba, “lower-caste person working as a wandering musician”), which may have been borrowed from a Dravidian language. Folk etymology pointed to a legend that the ethnic group were an exiled people from Imperial times.\nThe other major categories of words for the Roma are cognates of Gypsy (words related to Egypt) and cognates of tzigane (words derived from Greek); see those entries for more information.",
"head_templates": [
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"name": "en-proper noun"
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"lang_code": "en",
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"glosses": [
"A nomadic people with origins in India, the Romani."
],
"id": "en-Roma-en-name-VrqNvCuS",
"links": [
[
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"Romani"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"parents": [],
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],
"glosses": [
"A subgroup of the Romani people found primarily in Eastern Europe."
],
"id": "en-Roma-en-name-YnA9TYai",
"links": [
[
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"Romani"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Rom"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "Romët"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "rūmāniyy",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رُومَانِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "ijito"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "romed"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rom",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "ром"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "romaní"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "romanís"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"Valencian",
"singular"
],
"word": "romaní"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"Valencian",
"plural"
],
"word": "romanins"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "羅姆"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Luómǔ",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "罗姆"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rom"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romové"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "roma"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "romani"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Roma"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romaoj"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Roma"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "romi"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "romanit"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Roma"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Rroms"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "boša",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "ბოშა"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Roma"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Rom",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Ρομ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Romá",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "Ρομά"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "romák"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Rom"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Rom"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "ja",
"english": "Roma",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "ロマ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "Rom",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "롬"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Rom",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ром"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Romka",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ромка"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Romi",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "Роми"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "romā",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "रोमा"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "romānī",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "रोमानी"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romafolket"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romanifolk"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romowie"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "rom"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "roma"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "rroma"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Rom"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "romi"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "romá",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "рома́"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "Роми"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "Romi"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Rómovia"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Róm"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romi"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romaní"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "Romaníes"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "rom"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romanlar"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "Romy",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Роми"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "roma",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "ראָמאַ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 42 31",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "romani",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "ראָמאַני"
}
]
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"glosses": [
"A variety of the Romani language (or occasionally) the Romani macrolanguage."
],
"id": "en-Roma-en-name-ZnquRwhK",
"links": [
[
"variety",
"variety"
],
[
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"Romani"
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"word": "Roma"
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},
"expansion": "Sanskrit डोम्ब (ḍomba, “lower-caste person working as a wandering musician”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Romani roma, plural of rom (“man, husband, Romani man”). The latter probably comes from Sanskrit डोम्ब (ḍomba, “lower-caste person working as a wandering musician”), which may have been borrowed from a Dravidian language. Folk etymology pointed to a legend that the ethnic group were an exiled people from Imperial times.\nThe other major categories of words for the Roma are cognates of Gypsy (words related to Egypt) and cognates of tzigane (words derived from Greek); see those entries for more information.",
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],
"id": "en-Roma-en-noun-v1rgbKZO",
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"Rom"
],
[
"Romani",
"Romani"
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{
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"word": "Rroma"
}
]
}
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"word": "Roma"
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},
"expansion": "Sanskrit डोम्ब (ḍomba, “lower-caste person working as a wandering musician”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Romani roma, plural of rom (“man, husband, Romani man”). The latter probably comes from Sanskrit डोम्ब (ḍomba, “lower-caste person working as a wandering musician”), which may have been borrowed from a Dravidian language. Folk etymology pointed to a legend that the ethnic group were an exiled people from Imperial times.\nThe other major categories of words for the Roma are cognates of Gypsy (words related to Egypt) and cognates of tzigane (words derived from Greek); see those entries for more information.",
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"english": "“Many a Rom does not take position in respect to antiziganism, by reason of fear. They don’t come out, no matter, whether they are managers, advocates or politicians. The thought of being proud about being a Rom, still appears absurd.”, opines Gilda-Nancy Horvath, herself Romni and ORF journalist.",
"ref": "2016 April 11, Caroline Kraft, quoting Gilda-Nancy Horvat, “Beleidigt, bespuckt”, in Zeit Online:",
"text": "\"Viele Roma positionieren sich zu Antiziganismus gar nicht, weil sie Angst haben. Sie outen sich nicht, egal, ob sie Manager, Anwälte oder Politiker sind. Der Gedanke, stolz darauf sein zu können, dass man Roma ist, erscheint immer noch absurd\", meint Gilda-Nancy Horvath, selbst Romni und ORF-Journalistin.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "Rom"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of Rom"
],
"id": "en-Roma-de-noun-Nh0LyLke",
"links": [
[
"Rom",
"Rom#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈroːma/"
},
{
"audio": "De-Roma.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/De-Roma.ogg/De-Roma.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/De-Roma.ogg"
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "haw",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Roma",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"lang_code": "haw",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hawaiian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "haw",
"name": "Bible",
"orig": "haw:Bible",
"parents": [
"Books",
"Christianity",
"Judaism",
"Literature",
"Mass media",
"Abrahamism",
"Culture",
"Entertainment",
"Writing",
"Media",
"Religion",
"Society",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "haw",
"name": "Books of the Bible",
"orig": "haw:Books of the Bible",
"parents": [
"Bible",
"Books",
"Christianity",
"Judaism",
"Literature",
"Mass media",
"Abrahamism",
"Culture",
"Entertainment",
"Writing",
"Media",
"Religion",
"Society",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romans (book of the Bible)"
],
"id": "en-Roma-haw-name-AhwjkJSS",
"links": [
[
"Romans",
"Romans"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "it",
"3": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Italian Roma",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma"
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōma",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Italian Roma, from Latin Rōma.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Roma",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Ro‧ma"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome:",
"the capital city of Italy."
],
"id": "en-Roma-id-name-dfYx2xOQ",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"word": "roman"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"word": "romanis"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"word": "romanistik"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"word": "romansa"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"word": "romantik"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"word": "romantika"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"word": "romantikus"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"word": "romantis"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"word": "romantisasi"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"word": "romantisir"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"word": "romantisisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"word": "Romawi"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"word": "romawi"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"word": "Rumania"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"english": "Standard Malay",
"word": "Rom"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Rome:",
"a former province of Lazio, Italy."
],
"id": "en-Roma-id-name-05K-XjQd",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈroma/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ma"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"id:Roma"
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ရောမ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Burmese: ရောမ (rau:ma.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Burmese: ရောမ (rau:ma.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ローマ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "Rōma"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: ローマ (Rōma)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese Roma",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps via Portuguese <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"pt\">Roma</i>"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps via Portuguese Roma)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: ローマ (Rōma) (perhaps via Portuguese Roma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "로마",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 로마 (roma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 로마 (roma)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin Rōma",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin Rōma.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Roma f",
"name": "it-proper noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Ró‧ma"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Cities in Italy",
"orig": "it:Cities in Italy",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "National capitals",
"orig": "it:National capitals",
"parents": [
"Capital cities",
"Cities",
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Places in Italy",
"orig": "it:Places in Italy",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Rome",
"orig": "it:Rome",
"parents": [
"Lazio",
"Italy",
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "49 5 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the capital city of Italy)"
],
"id": "en-Roma-it-name-CFlwrB9e",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "79 9 12",
"word": "romanesco"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 9 12",
"word": "Romania"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 9 12",
"word": "romanismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 9 12",
"word": "romanista"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 9 12",
"word": "romanità"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 9 12",
"word": "romanizzare"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 9 12",
"word": "romano"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Historical political subdivisions",
"orig": "it:Historical political subdivisions",
"parents": [
"Political subdivisions",
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Places in Italy",
"orig": "it:Places in Italy",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Places in Lazio",
"orig": "it:Places in Lazio",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (a former province of Lazio, Italy)"
],
"id": "en-Roma-it-name-w20XWZFy",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"province",
"province"
],
[
"Lazio",
"Lazio#English"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 5 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the letter R in the Italian spelling alphabet"
],
"id": "en-Roma-it-name-3l~1XuOu",
"links": [
[
"R",
"R#English"
],
[
"Italian spelling alphabet",
"Appendix:Italian spelling alphabet#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈro.ma/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oma"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"it:Roma"
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Italian: Roma\n→ Burmese: ရောမ (rau:ma.)\n→ Japanese: ローマ (Rōma) (perhaps via Portuguese Roma)\n→ Korean: 로마 (roma)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Italian: Roma\n→ Burmese: ရောမ (rau:ma.)\n→ Japanese: ローマ (Rōma) (perhaps via Portuguese Roma)\n→ Korean: 로마 (roma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Old French: Rome, Rume, Rumme (Anglo-Norman)\nFrench: Rome\nGuianese Creole: Ròm\nHaitian Creole: Wòm\nLao: ໂຣມ (rōm)\nNorman: Rome\nPicard: Rome\nWalloon: Rome",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: Rome, Rume, Rumme (Anglo-Norman)\nFrench: Rome\nGuianese Creole: Ròm\nHaitian Creole: Wòm\nLao: ໂຣມ (rōm)\nNorman: Rome\nPicard: Rome\nWalloon: Rome"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: Roma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: Roma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: Roma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: Roma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Iberian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: Roma\nGalician: Roma\nPortuguese: Roma",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: Roma\nGalician: Roma\nPortuguese: Roma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: Roma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: Roma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: Roma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: Roma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "Ruma",
"3": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: Ruma, Roma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: Ruma, Roma"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Ῥώμη",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ancient Greek: Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē)\nGreek: Ρώμη (Rómi)\n→ Arabic: رُومِية (rūmiya)\n→ Aramaic: רומא\nClassical Syriac: ܪܘܡܐ (Rōmāʾ, Rōmēʾ)\n→ Old Armenian: Հռովմ (Hṙovm), Հռոմ (Hṙom)\nArmenian: Հռոմ (Hṙom)\n→ Egyptian: h:r:M-t*t:xAst (hrm)\n→ Parthian: (/Frōm/)\nInscriptional Parthian script: 𐭐𐭓𐭅𐭌 (prwm)\nManichaean script: 𐫜𐫡𐫇𐫖 (frwm)\n→ Sogdian: (\"Rome, Byzantium\")\nManichaean script: 𐫂𐫡𐫀𐫇𐫖 (βrʾwm /Frūm, Frōm/)\nSogdian script: 𐽃𐽀𐼴𐼺 (frwm /Frūm/)\n→ Old Turkic: 𐰯𐰆𐰺𐰢 (pur¹m /purum/) (\"Byzantium, Greek\")\n→ Chinese: 拂菻 (Fúlǐn) (via Iranian)\n→ Middle Persian: (/Hrōm/, “Rome; Byzantine”)\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hlwm)\nManichaean script: 𐫍𐫡𐫇𐫖 (hrwm)\nPazend script: 𐬀𐬭𐬋𐬨 (arōm)\nInscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬𐭩 (ḥlwmy), Middle Persian: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (ḥlwm)\nPersian: روم (rum), اروم (orum) (rare, obsolete)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: روم (rum)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Ancient Greek: Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē)\nGreek: Ρώμη (Rómi)\n→ Arabic: رُومِية (rūmiya)\n→ Aramaic: רומא\nClassical Syriac: ܪܘܡܐ (Rōmāʾ, Rōmēʾ)\n→ Old Armenian: Հռովմ (Hṙovm), Հռոմ (Hṙom)\nArmenian: Հռոմ (Hṙom)\n→ Egyptian: h:r:M-t*t:xAst (hrm)\n→ Parthian: (/Frōm/)\nInscriptional Parthian script: 𐭐𐭓𐭅𐭌 (prwm)\nManichaean script: 𐫜𐫡𐫇𐫖 (frwm)\n→ Sogdian: (\"Rome, Byzantium\")\nManichaean script: 𐫂𐫡𐫀𐫇𐫖 (βrʾwm /Frūm, Frōm/)\nSogdian script: 𐽃𐽀𐼴𐼺 (frwm /Frūm/)\n→ Old Turkic: 𐰯𐰆𐰺𐰢 (pur¹m /purum/) (\"Byzantium, Greek\")\n→ Chinese: 拂菻 (Fúlǐn) (via Iranian)\n→ Middle Persian: (/Hrōm/, “Rome; Byzantine”)\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hlwm)\nManichaean script: 𐫍𐫡𐫇𐫖 (hrwm)\nPazend script: 𐬀𐬭𐬋𐬨 (arōm)\nInscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬𐭩 (ḥlwmy), Middle Persian: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (ḥlwm)\nPersian: روم (rum), اروم (orum) (rare, obsolete)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: روم (rum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "روما",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "rūmā"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: روما (rūmā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: روما (rūmā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*Rūmā",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Celtic: *Rūmā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Celtic: *Rūmā (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*Rūmō",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Germanic: *Rūmō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Germanic: *Rūmō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"alt1": "*Rymъ",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "*Rymъ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Southern Common Slavic: *Rymъ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"alt1": "*Rĩmъ",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "*Rĩmъ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Eastern South Slavic: *Rĩmъ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "Ⱃⰹⰿⱏ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: Ⱃⰹⰿⱏ (Rimŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: Ⱃⰹⰿⱏ (Rimŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "Римъ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: Римъ (Rimŭ)\nBulgarian: Рим (Rim)\nMacedonian: Рим (Rim)\n→ Old East Slavic: Римъ (Rimŭ)\nOld Ruthenian: Римъ (Rim)\nBelarusian: Рым (Rym)\nCarpathian Rusyn: Рим (Rym)\nUkrainian: Рим (Rym)\nRussian: Рим (Rim)\n→ Romanian: Râm (obsolete)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: Римъ (Rimŭ)\nBulgarian: Рим (Rim)\nMacedonian: Рим (Rim)\n→ Old East Slavic: Римъ (Rimŭ)\nOld Ruthenian: Римъ (Rim)\nBelarusian: Рым (Rym)\nCarpathian Rusyn: Рим (Rym)\nUkrainian: Рим (Rym)\nRussian: Рим (Rim)\n→ Romanian: Râm (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"alt1": "*Rĩmъ",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "*Rĩmъ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Western South Slavic: *Rĩmъ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "Ри̑м",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: Ри̑м",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: Ри̑м"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "Rȋm",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: Rȋm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: Rȋm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "Rím",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: Rím",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Rím"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: Rím (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: Rím (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "Řím",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Czech: Řím\nCzech: Řím\n→ Kashubian: Rzim\n→ Old Polish: Rzym\nPolish: Rzym\n→ Silesian: Rzim\n→ Slovak: Rím",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Czech: Řím\nCzech: Řím\n→ Kashubian: Rzim\n→ Old Polish: Rzym\nPolish: Rzym\n→ Silesian: Rzim\n→ Slovak: Rím"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he-mis",
"2": "רומא",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Mishnaic Hebrew: רומא",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Mishnaic Hebrew: רומא"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he-IL",
"2": "רומא",
"tr": "róma"
},
"expansion": "Israeli Hebrew: רומא (róma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Israeli Hebrew: רומא (róma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"bor": "1",
"sc": "Phlv",
"t": "Roman, Greek",
"ts": "Hrōmāyīg"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Persian: [Term?] (/Hrōmāyīg/, “Roman, Greek”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Persian: [Term?] (/Hrōmāyīg/, “Roman, Greek”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "Róm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: Róm",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: Róm (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "Roma",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: Roma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: Roma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Rome#Etymology",
"2": "Rome § Etymology"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "folk etymology"
},
"expansion": "folk etymology",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ῥεῦμα",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma, “river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "rrymë",
"3": "",
"4": "stream"
},
"expansion": "Albanian rrymë (“stream”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*strumy",
"3": "",
"4": "stream"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *strumy (“stream”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "stràuma",
"3": "",
"4": "stream"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian stràuma (“stream”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rūmen"
},
"expansion": "Latin rūmen",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine"
},
"expansion": "Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ett",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Etruscan",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.\n* Roman mythology derived the name from Rōmulus, name of the legendary founder and first king. This is almost certainly a folk etymology, and the name of the mythical figure is more likely derived from the city name.\n* The word may derive from *Roumon- or *Roumen-, an archaic name for the Tiber river that would be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *srew- (“to flow”) (for which compare Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma, “river”) and Στρῡμών (Strūmṓn, “Strymon, Struma”), Albanian rrymë (“stream”), Proto-Slavic *strumy (“stream”), Lithuanian stràuma (“stream”), and perhaps also Latin rūmen). If so, the intermediate source may have been an Indo-European substrate.\n* The word may be of Etruscan origin, as 𐌓𐌖𐌌𐌀 (ruma) was one of the Etruscan gentes, from 𐌓𐌖𐌌 (rum, “teat”). Given the lack of a secure Indo-European etymology for Rōma, this possibility is most appealing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Rōma",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōmae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōmam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Rōma<1.loc>"
},
"expansion": "Rōma f sg (genitive Rōmae); first declension",
"name": "la-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Rōma<1.loc>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Ancient settlements",
"orig": "la:Ancient settlements",
"parents": [
"Historical settlements",
"Historical polities",
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Cities in Italy",
"orig": "la:Cities in Italy",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Historical capitals",
"orig": "la:Historical capitals",
"parents": [
"Historical settlements",
"Historical polities",
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "National capitals",
"orig": "la:National capitals",
"parents": [
"Capital cities",
"Cities",
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Places in Italy",
"orig": "la:Places in Italy",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Places in the Roman Empire",
"orig": "la:Places in the Roman Empire",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Rome",
"orig": "la:Rome",
"parents": [
"Lazio",
"Italy",
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 22 30 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 20 14 28",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Cities",
"orig": "la:Cities",
"parents": [
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "That Rome might overcome all countries.",
"text": "Ut Roma iugum omnibus terris imponeret.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He came from Rome.",
"text": "Venit Roma.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the ancient capital of the Roman Empire; capital city of modern-day Italy)"
],
"id": "en-Roma-la-name-gy0P-rNt",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"Roman Empire",
"Roman Empire#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 22 30 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Roman Empire per se (as a synecdoche)."
],
"id": "en-Roma-la-name-bZUdzLb1",
"links": [
[
"per se",
"per se"
],
[
"synecdoche",
"synecdoche"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 22 30 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "12 11 62 15",
"word": "rōmānicus"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 11 62 15",
"word": "rōmānus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome and/or Constantinople (the latter as \"Nova Roma\")."
],
"id": "en-Roma-la-name-sQryR~mC",
"links": [
[
"Constantinople",
"Constantinople"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Latin) Rome and/or Constantinople (the latter as \"Nova Roma\")."
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "12 11 62 15",
"word": "Rōmilius"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 11 62 15",
"word": "Rōmulus"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "12 11 62 15",
"english": "numismatic abbreviation",
"word": "R"
}
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ecclesiastical Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 22 30 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 25 6 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 24 18 33",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Historical polities",
"orig": "la:Historical polities",
"parents": [
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Roman Catholic Church in general."
],
"id": "en-Roma-la-name-rQay3us4",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"Roman Catholic Church",
"Roman Catholic Church"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ecclesiastical Latin, poetic) The Roman Catholic Church in general."
],
"tags": [
"Ecclesiastical",
"Latin",
"declension-1",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈroː.ma/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈroːmä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈro.ma/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrɔːmä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōma (“Rome”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin Rōma (“Rome”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Roma",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Cities in Italy",
"orig": "lv:Cities in Italy",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "National capitals",
"orig": "lv:National capitals",
"parents": [
"Capital cities",
"Cities",
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Places in Italy",
"orig": "lv:Places in Italy",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Rome",
"orig": "lv:Rome",
"parents": [
"Lazio",
"Italy",
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the capital city of Italy)"
],
"id": "en-Roma-lv-name-CFlwrB9e",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:Roma"
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōma (“Rome”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin Rōma (“Rome”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lt-noun-f-a-unc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Roma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Romos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Romai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
{
"form": "Romą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
{
"form": "Roma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "Romoje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "Roma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"10": "{{{m}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{adj}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{adj2}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{dem}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{dem2}}}",
"19": "",
"2": "proper noun",
"20": "{{{fdem}}}",
"21": "",
"22": "{{{fdem2}}}",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{f}}}",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Roma f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Roma f",
"name": "lt-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Roma",
"2": "Romos",
"3": "Romai",
"4": "Romą",
"5": "Roma",
"6": "Romoje",
"7": "Roma"
},
"name": "lt-decl-noun-unc"
}
],
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"expansion": "Doublet of Rum",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish روما (Roma), from Italian and Latin Roma. Doublet of Rum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-decl-noun\n",
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"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
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"source": "declension",
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"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
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"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
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"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Roma'ya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Roma'da",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Roma'dan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Roma'nın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "proper noun",
"head": ""
},
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"name": "head"
},
{
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}
],
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"args": {
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"10": "-",
"11": "Roma'nın",
"12": "-",
"2": "-",
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"4": "-",
"5": "Roma'ya",
"6": "-",
"7": "Roma'da",
"8": "-",
"9": "Roma'dan"
},
"name": "tr-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "tr",
"name": "Cities in Italy",
"orig": "tr:Cities in Italy",
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"Cities",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "tr",
"name": "National capitals",
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"Cities",
"Polities",
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],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
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],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "tr",
"name": "Rome",
"orig": "tr:Rome",
"parents": [
"Lazio",
"Italy",
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the capital city of Italy)"
],
"id": "en-Roma-tr-name-CFlwrB9e",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the Roman Empire"
],
"id": "en-Roma-tr-name-LmjgLMEB",
"links": [
[
"Roman Empire",
"Roman Empire"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"word": "Roma İmparatorluğu"
}
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Roma",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"Azerbaijani lemmas",
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"az:Cities in Italy",
"az:National capitals",
"az:Places in Italy",
"az:Rome"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the capital city of Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin Rōma",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin Rōma.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Roma f",
"name": "ca-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "romà"
},
{
"word": "romanç"
},
{
"word": "romànic"
},
{
"word": "romanitzar"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
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"ca:Cities in Italy",
"ca:National capitals",
"ca:Places in Italy",
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],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the capital city of Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
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],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"ca:Roma"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈro.mə]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈro.ma]",
"tags": [
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nhn",
"2": "proper noun"
},
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}
],
"lang": "Central Nahuatl",
"lang_code": "nhn",
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{
"categories": [
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"nhn:National capitals",
"nhn:Places in Italy",
"nhn:Rome"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the capital city of Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
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],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Terms with Danish translations",
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"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Languages",
"en:Rome",
"en:Tomatoes"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rom",
"3": "roma"
},
"expansion": "Romani roma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "डोम्ब",
"4": "",
"5": "lower-caste person working as a wandering musician"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit डोम्ब (ḍomba, “lower-caste person working as a wandering musician”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Romani roma, plural of rom (“man, husband, Romani man”). The latter probably comes from Sanskrit डोम्ब (ḍomba, “lower-caste person working as a wandering musician”), which may have been borrowed from a Dravidian language. Folk etymology pointed to a legend that the ethnic group were an exiled people from Imperial times.\nThe other major categories of words for the Roma are cognates of Gypsy (words related to Egypt) and cognates of tzigane (words derived from Greek); see those entries for more information.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Roma",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A nomadic people with origins in India, the Romani."
],
"links": [
[
"Romani",
"Romani"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A subgroup of the Romani people found primarily in Eastern Europe."
],
"links": [
[
"Romani",
"Romani"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A variety of the Romani language (or occasionally) the Romani macrolanguage."
],
"links": [
[
"variety",
"variety"
],
[
"Romani",
"Romani"
],
[
"macrolanguage",
"macrolanguage"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Rroma"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Rom"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "Romët"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "rūmāniyy",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رُومَانِيّ"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "ijito"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "romed"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rom",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "ром"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "romaní"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "romanís"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"Valencian",
"singular"
],
"word": "romaní"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"Valencian",
"plural"
],
"word": "romanins"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "羅姆"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Luómǔ",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "罗姆"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rom"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romové"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "roma"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "romani"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Roma"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romaoj"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Roma"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "romi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "romanit"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Roma"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Rroms"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "boša",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "ბოშა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Roma"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Rom",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Ρομ"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Romá",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "Ρομά"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "romák"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Rom"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Rom"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"english": "Roma",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "ロマ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "Rom",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "롬"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Rom",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ром"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Romka",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ромка"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Romi",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "Роми"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "romā",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "रोमा"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "romānī",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "रोमानी"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romafolket"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romanifolk"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romowie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "rom"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "roma"
},
{
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "rroma"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Rom"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "romi"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "romá",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "рома́"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "Роми"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "Romi"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Rómovia"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Róm"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romi"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romaní"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "Romaníes"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "rom"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Romanlar"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "Romy",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "Роми"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "roma",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "ראָמאַ"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "romani",
"sense": "the Romani people",
"word": "ראָמאַני"
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from Romani",
"English terms derived from Sanskrit",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romani translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Languages",
"en:Rome",
"en:Tomatoes"
],
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"etymology_templates": [
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"2": "rom",
"3": "roma"
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "डोम्ब",
"4": "",
"5": "lower-caste person working as a wandering musician"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit डोम्ब (ḍomba, “lower-caste person working as a wandering musician”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Romani roma, plural of rom (“man, husband, Romani man”). The latter probably comes from Sanskrit डोम्ब (ḍomba, “lower-caste person working as a wandering musician”), which may have been borrowed from a Dravidian language. Folk etymology pointed to a legend that the ethnic group were an exiled people from Imperial times.\nThe other major categories of words for the Roma are cognates of Gypsy (words related to Egypt) and cognates of tzigane (words derived from Greek); see those entries for more information.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Romas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
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}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
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"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A Rom; a member of the Romani people."
],
"links": [
[
"Rom",
"Rom"
],
[
"Romani",
"Romani"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Rroma"
}
],
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}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from Romani",
"English terms derived from Sanskrit",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romani translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Languages",
"en:Rome",
"en:Tomatoes"
],
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rom",
"3": "roma"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
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"4": "",
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},
"expansion": "Sanskrit डोम्ब (ḍomba, “lower-caste person working as a wandering musician”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Romani roma, plural of rom (“man, husband, Romani man”). The latter probably comes from Sanskrit डोम्ब (ḍomba, “lower-caste person working as a wandering musician”), which may have been borrowed from a Dravidian language. Folk etymology pointed to a legend that the ethnic group were an exiled people from Imperial times.\nThe other major categories of words for the Roma are cognates of Gypsy (words related to Egypt) and cognates of tzigane (words derived from Greek); see those entries for more information.",
"head_templates": [
{
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"1": "-"
},
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
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{
"word": "Rom"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Romani: of or pertaining to the Romani people."
],
"links": [
[
"Romani",
"Romani"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Rroma"
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Italian",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Languages",
"en:Rome",
"en:Tomatoes"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "Roma",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
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"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Rome",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin and Italian Roma (“Rome”). Doublet of Rome.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Roma",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Any of a number of places, including a city in Texas and a city in Queensland."
],
"links": [
[
"Texas",
"Texas"
],
[
"Queensland",
"Queensland"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English female given names",
"English female given names from Latin",
"English given names"
],
"glosses": [
"A female given name from Latin of English-speakers."
],
"links": [
[
"given name",
"given name"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "Rome"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of Rome"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Italian",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Languages",
"en:Rome",
"en:Tomatoes"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "Roma",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Italian Roma (“Rome”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Rome",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin and Italian Roma (“Rome”). Doublet of Rome.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Romas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Roma (plural Romas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A variety of tomato."
],
"links": [
[
"variety",
"variety"
],
[
"tomato",
"tomato"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Languages",
"en:Rome",
"en:Tomatoes"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "Romang",
"3": "Bahasa Romang",
"4": "Roma language"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian Bahasa Romang (“Roma language”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Indonesian Bahasa Romang (“Roma language”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Roma",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An Austronesian language of Indonesia."
],
"links": [
[
"Austronesian",
"Austronesian"
],
[
"Indonesia",
"Indonesia"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Roma f",
"name": "frp-proper-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Franco-Provençal entries with incorrect language header",
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"Pages with entries",
"frp:Cities in Italy",
"frp:National capitals",
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"frp:Rome"
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
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[
"capital city",
"capital city"
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[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
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],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
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"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Roma f",
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}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "romano"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician feminine nouns",
"Galician lemmas",
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"Pages with entries",
"gl:Cities in Italy",
"gl:National capitals",
"gl:Places in Italy",
"gl:Rome"
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m-p"
},
"expansion": "Roma m pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German non-lemma forms",
"German noun forms",
"German terms with quotations",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "“Many a Rom does not take position in respect to antiziganism, by reason of fear. They don’t come out, no matter, whether they are managers, advocates or politicians. The thought of being proud about being a Rom, still appears absurd.”, opines Gilda-Nancy Horvath, herself Romni and ORF journalist.",
"ref": "2016 April 11, Caroline Kraft, quoting Gilda-Nancy Horvat, “Beleidigt, bespuckt”, in Zeit Online:",
"text": "\"Viele Roma positionieren sich zu Antiziganismus gar nicht, weil sie Angst haben. Sie outen sich nicht, egal, ob sie Manager, Anwälte oder Politiker sind. Der Gedanke, stolz darauf sein zu können, dass man Roma ist, erscheint immer noch absurd\", meint Gilda-Nancy Horvath, selbst Romni und ORF-Journalistin.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "Rom"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of Rom"
],
"links": [
[
"Rom",
"Rom#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈroːma/"
},
{
"audio": "De-Roma.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/De-Roma.ogg/De-Roma.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/De-Roma.ogg"
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "haw",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Roma",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"lang_code": "haw",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hawaiian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hawaiian lemmas",
"Hawaiian proper nouns",
"Hawaiian terms spelled with R",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"haw:Bible",
"haw:Books of the Bible"
],
"glosses": [
"Romans (book of the Bible)"
],
"links": [
[
"Romans",
"Romans"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian proper nouns",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Italian",
"Indonesian terms derived from Italian",
"Indonesian terms derived from Latin",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/a",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/a/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/ma",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/ma/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "it",
"3": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Italian Roma",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma"
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōma",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Italian Roma, from Latin Rōma.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Roma",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Ro‧ma"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "roman"
},
{
"word": "romanis"
},
{
"word": "romanistik"
},
{
"word": "romansa"
},
{
"word": "romantik"
},
{
"word": "romantika"
},
{
"word": "romantikus"
},
{
"word": "romantis"
},
{
"word": "romantisasi"
},
{
"word": "romantisir"
},
{
"word": "romantisisme"
},
{
"word": "Romawi"
},
{
"word": "romawi"
},
{
"word": "Rumania"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Rome:",
"the capital city of Italy."
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Rome:",
"a former province of Lazio, Italy."
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈroma/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ma"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "Standard Malay",
"word": "Rom"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"id:Roma"
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 2-syllable words",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian feminine nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian proper nouns",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms inherited from Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian terms with audio links",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/oma",
"Rhymes:Italian/oma/2 syllables"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ရောမ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Burmese: ရောမ (rau:ma.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Burmese: ရောမ (rau:ma.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ローマ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "Rōma"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: ローマ (Rōma)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese Roma",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps via Portuguese <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"pt\">Roma</i>"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps via Portuguese Roma)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: ローマ (Rōma) (perhaps via Portuguese Roma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "로마",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 로마 (roma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 로마 (roma)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin Rōma",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin Rōma.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Roma f",
"name": "it-proper noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Ró‧ma"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "romanesco"
},
{
"word": "Romania"
},
{
"word": "romanismo"
},
{
"word": "romanista"
},
{
"word": "romanità"
},
{
"word": "romanizzare"
},
{
"word": "romano"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"it:Cities in Italy",
"it:National capitals",
"it:Places in Italy",
"it:Rome"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the capital city of Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"it:Historical political subdivisions",
"it:Places in Italy",
"it:Places in Lazio"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (a former province of Lazio, Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"province",
"province"
],
[
"Lazio",
"Lazio#English"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the letter R in the Italian spelling alphabet"
],
"links": [
[
"R",
"R#English"
],
[
"Italian spelling alphabet",
"Appendix:Italian spelling alphabet#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈro.ma/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oma"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"it:Roma"
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin proper nouns",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Cities",
"la:Historical polities"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rōmānicus"
},
{
"word": "rōmānus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Italian: Roma\n→ Burmese: ရောမ (rau:ma.)\n→ Japanese: ローマ (Rōma) (perhaps via Portuguese Roma)\n→ Korean: 로마 (roma)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Italian: Roma\n→ Burmese: ရောမ (rau:ma.)\n→ Japanese: ローマ (Rōma) (perhaps via Portuguese Roma)\n→ Korean: 로마 (roma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Old French: Rome, Rume, Rumme (Anglo-Norman)\nFrench: Rome\nGuianese Creole: Ròm\nHaitian Creole: Wòm\nLao: ໂຣມ (rōm)\nNorman: Rome\nPicard: Rome\nWalloon: Rome",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: Rome, Rume, Rumme (Anglo-Norman)\nFrench: Rome\nGuianese Creole: Ròm\nHaitian Creole: Wòm\nLao: ໂຣມ (rōm)\nNorman: Rome\nPicard: Rome\nWalloon: Rome"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: Roma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: Roma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: Roma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: Roma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Iberian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: Roma\nGalician: Roma\nPortuguese: Roma",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: Roma\nGalician: Roma\nPortuguese: Roma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: Roma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: Roma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: Roma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: Roma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "Ruma",
"3": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: Ruma, Roma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: Ruma, Roma"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Ῥώμη",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ancient Greek: Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē)\nGreek: Ρώμη (Rómi)\n→ Arabic: رُومِية (rūmiya)\n→ Aramaic: רומא\nClassical Syriac: ܪܘܡܐ (Rōmāʾ, Rōmēʾ)\n→ Old Armenian: Հռովմ (Hṙovm), Հռոմ (Hṙom)\nArmenian: Հռոմ (Hṙom)\n→ Egyptian: h:r:M-t*t:xAst (hrm)\n→ Parthian: (/Frōm/)\nInscriptional Parthian script: 𐭐𐭓𐭅𐭌 (prwm)\nManichaean script: 𐫜𐫡𐫇𐫖 (frwm)\n→ Sogdian: (\"Rome, Byzantium\")\nManichaean script: 𐫂𐫡𐫀𐫇𐫖 (βrʾwm /Frūm, Frōm/)\nSogdian script: 𐽃𐽀𐼴𐼺 (frwm /Frūm/)\n→ Old Turkic: 𐰯𐰆𐰺𐰢 (pur¹m /purum/) (\"Byzantium, Greek\")\n→ Chinese: 拂菻 (Fúlǐn) (via Iranian)\n→ Middle Persian: (/Hrōm/, “Rome; Byzantine”)\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hlwm)\nManichaean script: 𐫍𐫡𐫇𐫖 (hrwm)\nPazend script: 𐬀𐬭𐬋𐬨 (arōm)\nInscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬𐭩 (ḥlwmy), Middle Persian: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (ḥlwm)\nPersian: روم (rum), اروم (orum) (rare, obsolete)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: روم (rum)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Ancient Greek: Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē)\nGreek: Ρώμη (Rómi)\n→ Arabic: رُومِية (rūmiya)\n→ Aramaic: רומא\nClassical Syriac: ܪܘܡܐ (Rōmāʾ, Rōmēʾ)\n→ Old Armenian: Հռովմ (Hṙovm), Հռոմ (Hṙom)\nArmenian: Հռոմ (Hṙom)\n→ Egyptian: h:r:M-t*t:xAst (hrm)\n→ Parthian: (/Frōm/)\nInscriptional Parthian script: 𐭐𐭓𐭅𐭌 (prwm)\nManichaean script: 𐫜𐫡𐫇𐫖 (frwm)\n→ Sogdian: (\"Rome, Byzantium\")\nManichaean script: 𐫂𐫡𐫀𐫇𐫖 (βrʾwm /Frūm, Frōm/)\nSogdian script: 𐽃𐽀𐼴𐼺 (frwm /Frūm/)\n→ Old Turkic: 𐰯𐰆𐰺𐰢 (pur¹m /purum/) (\"Byzantium, Greek\")\n→ Chinese: 拂菻 (Fúlǐn) (via Iranian)\n→ Middle Persian: (/Hrōm/, “Rome; Byzantine”)\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hlwm)\nManichaean script: 𐫍𐫡𐫇𐫖 (hrwm)\nPazend script: 𐬀𐬭𐬋𐬨 (arōm)\nInscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬𐭩 (ḥlwmy), Middle Persian: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (ḥlwm)\nPersian: روم (rum), اروم (orum) (rare, obsolete)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: روم (rum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "روما",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "rūmā"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: روما (rūmā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: روما (rūmā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*Rūmā",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Celtic: *Rūmā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Celtic: *Rūmā (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*Rūmō",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Germanic: *Rūmō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Germanic: *Rūmō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"alt1": "*Rymъ",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "*Rymъ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Southern Common Slavic: *Rymъ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"alt1": "*Rĩmъ",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "*Rĩmъ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Eastern South Slavic: *Rĩmъ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "Ⱃⰹⰿⱏ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: Ⱃⰹⰿⱏ (Rimŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: Ⱃⰹⰿⱏ (Rimŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "Римъ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: Римъ (Rimŭ)\nBulgarian: Рим (Rim)\nMacedonian: Рим (Rim)\n→ Old East Slavic: Римъ (Rimŭ)\nOld Ruthenian: Римъ (Rim)\nBelarusian: Рым (Rym)\nCarpathian Rusyn: Рим (Rym)\nUkrainian: Рим (Rym)\nRussian: Рим (Rim)\n→ Romanian: Râm (obsolete)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: Римъ (Rimŭ)\nBulgarian: Рим (Rim)\nMacedonian: Рим (Rim)\n→ Old East Slavic: Римъ (Rimŭ)\nOld Ruthenian: Римъ (Rim)\nBelarusian: Рым (Rym)\nCarpathian Rusyn: Рим (Rym)\nUkrainian: Рим (Rym)\nRussian: Рим (Rim)\n→ Romanian: Râm (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"alt1": "*Rĩmъ",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "*Rĩmъ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Western South Slavic: *Rĩmъ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "Ри̑м",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: Ри̑м",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: Ри̑м"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "Rȋm",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: Rȋm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: Rȋm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "Rím",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: Rím",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Rím"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: Rím (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: Rím (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "Řím",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Czech: Řím\nCzech: Řím\n→ Kashubian: Rzim\n→ Old Polish: Rzym\nPolish: Rzym\n→ Silesian: Rzim\n→ Slovak: Rím",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Czech: Řím\nCzech: Řím\n→ Kashubian: Rzim\n→ Old Polish: Rzym\nPolish: Rzym\n→ Silesian: Rzim\n→ Slovak: Rím"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he-mis",
"2": "רומא",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Mishnaic Hebrew: רומא",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Mishnaic Hebrew: רומא"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he-IL",
"2": "רומא",
"tr": "róma"
},
"expansion": "Israeli Hebrew: רומא (róma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Israeli Hebrew: רומא (róma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"bor": "1",
"sc": "Phlv",
"t": "Roman, Greek",
"ts": "Hrōmāyīg"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Persian: [Term?] (/Hrōmāyīg/, “Roman, Greek”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Persian: [Term?] (/Hrōmāyīg/, “Roman, Greek”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "Róm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: Róm",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: Róm (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "Roma",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: Roma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: Roma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Rome#Etymology",
"2": "Rome § Etymology"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "folk etymology"
},
"expansion": "folk etymology",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ῥεῦμα",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma, “river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "rrymë",
"3": "",
"4": "stream"
},
"expansion": "Albanian rrymë (“stream”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*strumy",
"3": "",
"4": "stream"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *strumy (“stream”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "stràuma",
"3": "",
"4": "stream"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian stràuma (“stream”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rūmen"
},
"expansion": "Latin rūmen",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine"
},
"expansion": "Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ett",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Etruscan",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.\n* Roman mythology derived the name from Rōmulus, name of the legendary founder and first king. This is almost certainly a folk etymology, and the name of the mythical figure is more likely derived from the city name.\n* The word may derive from *Roumon- or *Roumen-, an archaic name for the Tiber river that would be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *srew- (“to flow”) (for which compare Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma, “river”) and Στρῡμών (Strūmṓn, “Strymon, Struma”), Albanian rrymë (“stream”), Proto-Slavic *strumy (“stream”), Lithuanian stràuma (“stream”), and perhaps also Latin rūmen). If so, the intermediate source may have been an Indo-European substrate.\n* The word may be of Etruscan origin, as 𐌓𐌖𐌌𐌀 (ruma) was one of the Etruscan gentes, from 𐌓𐌖𐌌 (rum, “teat”). Given the lack of a secure Indo-European etymology for Rōma, this possibility is most appealing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Rōma",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōmae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōmam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Rōmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Rōma<1.loc>"
},
"expansion": "Rōma f sg (genitive Rōmae); first declension",
"name": "la-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Rōma<1.loc>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "Rōmilius"
},
{
"word": "Rōmulus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with usage examples",
"la:Ancient settlements",
"la:Cities in Italy",
"la:Historical capitals",
"la:National capitals",
"la:Places in Italy",
"la:Places in the Roman Empire",
"la:Rome"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "That Rome might overcome all countries.",
"text": "Ut Roma iugum omnibus terris imponeret.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He came from Rome.",
"text": "Venit Roma.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the ancient capital of the Roman Empire; capital city of modern-day Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"Roman Empire",
"Roman Empire#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The Roman Empire per se (as a synecdoche)."
],
"links": [
[
"per se",
"per se"
],
[
"synecdoche",
"synecdoche"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Late Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome and/or Constantinople (the latter as \"Nova Roma\")."
],
"links": [
[
"Constantinople",
"Constantinople"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Latin) Rome and/or Constantinople (the latter as \"Nova Roma\")."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ecclesiastical Latin",
"Latin poetic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"The Roman Catholic Church in general."
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"Roman Catholic Church",
"Roman Catholic Church"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ecclesiastical Latin, poetic) The Roman Catholic Church in general."
],
"tags": [
"Ecclesiastical",
"Latin",
"declension-1",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈroː.ma/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈroːmä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈro.ma/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrɔːmä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "numismatic abbreviation",
"word": "R"
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōma (“Rome”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin Rōma (“Rome”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Roma",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian proper nouns",
"Latvian terms borrowed from Latin",
"Latvian terms derived from Latin",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"lv:Cities in Italy",
"lv:National capitals",
"lv:Places in Italy",
"lv:Rome"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the capital city of Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:Roma"
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōma (“Rome”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin Rōma (“Rome”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
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],
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"text": "Eſta ·xviiii· é como ſṫa maria aiudou · á emperadriz de roma · a ſofrer as grãdes coitaſ per que paſſou."
}
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]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Antigua Roma"
},
{
"word": "hablando del rey de Roma"
},
{
"word": "Roma no se hizo en un día"
},
{
"word": "todos los caminos llevan a Roma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "osp",
"3": "Roma",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish Roma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "osp",
"3": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Spanish Roma",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma"
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōma",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Spanish Roma, from Latin Rōma.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "proper nouns",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Roma f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Roma f",
"name": "es-proper noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Ro‧ma"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "romance"
},
{
"word": "románico"
},
{
"word": "romano"
},
{
"word": "romántico"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/oma",
"Rhymes:Spanish/oma/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish feminine nouns",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish proper nouns",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Old Spanish",
"Spanish terms inherited from Latin",
"Spanish terms inherited from Old Spanish",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"es:Cities in Italy",
"es:National capitals",
"es:Places in Italy",
"es:Rome"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the capital city of Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"es:Roma"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈroma/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈro.ma]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oma"
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Roma",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili proper nouns",
"sw:Cities in Italy",
"sw:National capitals",
"sw:Places in Italy",
"sw:Rome"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the capital city of Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"sw:Roma"
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish doublets",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish proper nouns",
"Turkish terms derived from Italian",
"Turkish terms derived from Latin",
"Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "روما",
"tr": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish روما (Roma)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "it",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Italian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "la",
"3": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Latin Roma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "Rum"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Rum",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish روما (Roma), from Italian and Latin Roma. Doublet of Rum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Roma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Roma'yı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Roma'ya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Roma'da",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Roma'dan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Roma'nın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "proper noun",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Roma",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Roma",
"name": "tr-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Roma",
"10": "-",
"11": "Roma'nın",
"12": "-",
"2": "-",
"3": "Roma'yı",
"4": "-",
"5": "Roma'ya",
"6": "-",
"7": "Roma'da",
"8": "-",
"9": "Roma'dan"
},
"name": "tr-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "Roma İmparatorluğu"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"tr:Cities in Italy",
"tr:National capitals",
"tr:Places in Italy",
"tr:Rome"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the capital city of Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the Roman Empire"
],
"links": [
[
"Roman Empire",
"Roman Empire"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Roma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Roma meaning in All languages combined (65.9kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Faenza",
"path": [
"Roma"
],
"section": "Romagnol",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Roma",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
"msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, Roma/Sicilian",
"path": [
"Roma"
],
"section": "Sicilian",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Roma",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.