See 孤 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 孤 meaning in All languages combined (35.6kB)
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"孤 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+5 in Chinese, 子+6 in Japanese, 8 strokes in Chinese, 9 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 弓木竹女人 (NDHVO), four-corner 1243₀, composition ⿰子瓜)"
],
"id": "en-孤-mul-character-ySxiznWi",
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"子",
"子#Translingual"
],
[
"瓜",
"瓜#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yīyìgūxíng",
"word": "一意孤行"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "三孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "人孤勢單"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "人孤势单"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "伶仃孤苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "內秉堅孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "内秉坚孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "六尺之孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "冷孤丁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "別鶴孤鸞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "别鹤孤鸾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "勢窮力孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "势穷力孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "南面稱孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "南面称孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "四行孤軍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "四行孤军"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "妝孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "妆孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "存孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "字孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤丁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤丁丁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤介"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤伶伶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gū'ào",
"word": "孤傲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūpì",
"word": "孤僻"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤光"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gū'ér",
"word": "孤兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gū'ér",
"word": "孤儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤兒寡婦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤儿寡妇"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤兒年金"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤儿年金"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gū'éryuàn",
"word": "孤兒院"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gū'éryuàn",
"word": "孤儿院"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gū lì nán wéi",
"word": "孤力難為"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gū lì nán wéi",
"word": "孤力难为"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤危"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤另"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤另另"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤哀子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūdān",
"word": "孤單"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūdān",
"word": "孤单"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤嗣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūchéng",
"word": "孤城"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤堆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤塗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤涂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤墳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤坟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤墳野塚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤坟野冢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūnǚ",
"word": "孤女"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūlí",
"word": "孤嫠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūzǐ",
"word": "孤子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūjié",
"word": "孤孑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūzǐ bō",
"word": "孤子波"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤孤恓恓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤孤悽悽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤孤凄凄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤孤零零"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūkè",
"word": "孤客"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤家"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūjiāguǎrén",
"word": "孤家寡人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūjì",
"word": "孤寂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūhán",
"word": "孤寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūguǎ",
"word": "孤寡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤寡不穀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤寡不谷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūshān",
"word": "孤山"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūdǎo",
"word": "孤島"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūdǎo",
"word": "孤岛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤峭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤峰絕岸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤峰绝岸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūfān",
"word": "孤帆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤形吊影"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤形單影"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤形单影"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤形隻影"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤形只影"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤征"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤忠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤恓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤惸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤憤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤愤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤拐"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤拔"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤拐臉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤拐脸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤拐面"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūtǐnghuā",
"word": "孤挺花"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤掌難鳴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤掌难鸣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤星淚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤星泪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūběn",
"word": "孤本"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤棲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤栖"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤棚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤樁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤桩"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤標"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤标"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤注"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūbō",
"word": "孤波"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūzhùyīzhì",
"word": "孤注一擲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤淒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤凄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤燈挑盡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤灯挑尽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤特"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤犢觸乳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤犊触乳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūdú",
"word": "孤獨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūdú",
"word": "孤独"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤獨園"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤独园"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤獸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤兽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤王"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤生"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤眠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤眠獨宿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤眠独宿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūqióng",
"word": "孤窮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūqióng",
"word": "孤穷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤窮一身"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤穷一身"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūlì",
"word": "孤立"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūlìzhǔyì",
"word": "孤立主義"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūlìzhǔyì",
"word": "孤立主义"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūlìzǐ",
"word": "孤立子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūlìzǐ bō",
"word": "孤立子波"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūlìbō",
"word": "孤立波"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤立無助"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤立无助"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūlìwúyuán",
"word": "孤立無援"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūlìwúyuán",
"word": "孤立无援"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūlìyǔ",
"word": "孤立語"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūlìyǔ",
"word": "孤立语"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤竹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤竹君"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤絕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤绝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūlǎo",
"word": "孤老"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤老院"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤膽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤胆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤臣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤臣孽子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤舟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤芳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūfāngzìshǎng",
"word": "孤芳自賞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūfāngzìshǎng",
"word": "孤芳自赏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūkǔ",
"word": "孤苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūkǔlíngdīng",
"word": "孤苦伶仃"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤苦無依"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤苦无依"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūkǔlíngdīng",
"word": "孤苦零丁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤蓬"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤虛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤虚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūxíng",
"word": "孤行"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤行己意"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤行己見"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤行己见"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤衾獨枕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤衾独枕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤調調"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤调调"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūzhèng",
"word": "孤證"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūzhèng",
"word": "孤证"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūfù",
"word": "孤負"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūfù",
"word": "孤负"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤貧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤贫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤貧顛連"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤贫颠连"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤賤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤贱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤蹤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤踪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūshēn",
"word": "孤身"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūshēnzhīyǐng",
"word": "孤身隻影"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūshēnzhīyǐng",
"word": "孤身只影"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūjūn",
"word": "孤軍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūjūn",
"word": "孤军"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūjūnzuòzhàn",
"word": "孤軍作戰"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūjūnzuòzhàn",
"word": "孤军作战"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūjūnfènzhàn",
"word": "孤軍奮戰"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūjūnfènzhàn",
"word": "孤军奋战"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤軍深入"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤军深入"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤辰合注"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤迥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤遊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤游"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤陋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūlòuguǎwén",
"word": "孤陋寡聞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūlòuguǎwén",
"word": "孤陋寡闻"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūcí shēngzhí",
"word": "孤雌生殖"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤雛淚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤雏泪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤雛腐鼠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤雏腐鼠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤離"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤离"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤雲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤云"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤雲野鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤云野鹤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤零零"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤露"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤館"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤馆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūgāo",
"word": "孤高"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤高自許"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤高自许"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤鬼兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤鬼儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūhún",
"word": "孤魂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤魂野鬼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤鳥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤鸟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤鴈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤鴻寡鵠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤鸿寡鹄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūluán",
"word": "孤鸞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gūluán",
"word": "孤鸾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤鸞寡鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤鸾寡鹤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤鸞年"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤鸾年"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤鸞照命"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤鸾照命"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "孽子孤臣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "寡宿孤辰"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "寡鵠孤鸞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "寡鹄孤鸾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yòugū",
"word": "幼孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "形孤影寡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "形孤影隻"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "形孤影只"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "débùgū, bìyǒulín",
"word": "德不孤，必有鄰／德不孤，必有邻"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "恤孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "恤孤念寡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "恤孤念苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "惜孤念寡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "憐孤惜寡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "怜孤惜寡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "拐孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "押孤丁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "搶孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "抢孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fǔgū",
"word": "撫孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fǔgū",
"word": "抚孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "撫孤恤寡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "抚孤恤寡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "擔孤受寡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "担孤受寡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "斷雁孤鴻"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "断雁孤鸿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "曙後星孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "曙后星孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "爬孤棚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "獨學孤陋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "独学孤陋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "獨根孤種"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "独根孤种"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "白雲孤飛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "白云孤飞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "睽孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "矜寡孤獨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "矜寡孤独"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chēnggū",
"word": "稱孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chēnggū",
"word": "称孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "稱孤道寡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "称孤道寡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "絕世孤品"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "绝世孤品"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "苦心孤詣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "苦心孤诣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "裝孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "装孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "託孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "托孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "託孤寄命"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "托孤寄命"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "趙氏孤兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "赵氏孤儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "道寡稱孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "道寡称孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yígū",
"word": "遺孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yígū",
"word": "遗孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鏡裡孤鸞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "镜里孤鸾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "閒雲孤鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "闲云孤鹤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "隻身孤影"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "只身孤影"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "零丁孤苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "電腦孤兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "电脑孤儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "高悝匿孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "guānguǎgūdú",
"word": "鰥寡孤獨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "guānguǎgūdú",
"word": "鳏寡孤独"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "寡",
"2": "alone; widow"
},
"expansion": "寡 (OC *kʷraːʔ, “alone; widow”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "鰥",
"2": "widower"
},
"expansion": "鰥 (OC *kruːn, *kruːns, “widower”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Related to 寡 (OC *kʷraːʔ, “alone; widow”), 鰥 (OC *kruːn, *kruːns, “widower”) (Schuessler, 2007).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "孤",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "68 32 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 26 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Eastern Min pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Min pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"orphaned; parentless"
],
"id": "en-孤-zh-character-hTi~27kG",
"links": [
[
"orphan",
"orphan"
],
[
"parentless",
"parentless"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"alone; solitary"
],
"id": "en-孤-zh-character-yIigdIaA",
"links": [
[
"alone",
"alone"
],
[
"solitary",
"solitary"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"orphan"
],
"id": "en-孤-zh-character-iPaBGrXY",
"links": [
[
"orphan",
"orphan"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The earl of Qin, in white mourning garments, was waiting for them in the borders of the capital, and wept, looking in the direction where the army had been lost. He said, \"I have gone against the counsel of Jian Shu and thus brought disgrace on you, my generals; it is my crime.\"",
"ref": "秦伯素服郊次，鄉師而哭曰：「孤違蹇叔，以辱二三子，孤之罪也。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "秦伯素服郊次，乡师而哭曰：「孤违蹇叔，以辱二三子，孤之罪也。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nQín bó sùfú jiāocì, xiàng shī ér kū yuē: “Gū wéi Jiǎnshū, yǐ rǔ èrsānzǐ, gū zhī zuì yě.” [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I"
],
"id": "en-孤-zh-character-qD3QzL~-",
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
]
],
"qualifier": "usually by an emperor or a king",
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually by an emperor or a king) I"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gú"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gŭ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gou¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ku"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ku¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "гу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "gú"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gŭ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kof"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Jinjiang",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kou"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ku^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ku⁵³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³³/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kʷˤa/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kʷaː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³³/"
},
{
"other": "/*kʷˤa/"
},
{
"other": "/*kʷaː/"
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "orphan",
"roman": "iko",
"ruby": [
[
"遺",
"い"
],
[
"孤",
"こ"
]
],
"word": "遺孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kōn",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"雲",
"うん"
]
],
"word": "孤雲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koei",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"影",
"えい"
]
],
"word": "孤影"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koen",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"猿",
"えん"
]
],
"word": "孤猿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kokai",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"介",
"かい"
]
],
"word": "孤介"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kokaku",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"客",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "孤客"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kogan",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"雁",
"がん"
]
],
"word": "孤雁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kokyū",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"笈",
"きゅう"
]
],
"word": "孤笈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kokin",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"衾",
"きん"
]
],
"word": "孤衾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kogun",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"軍",
"ぐん"
]
],
"word": "孤軍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kokei",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"閨",
"けい"
]
],
"word": "孤閨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kogetsu",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"月",
"げつ"
]
],
"word": "孤月"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koken",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"剣",
"けん"
]
],
"word": "孤剣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kokō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"高",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "孤高"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koza",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"坐",
"ざ"
]
],
"word": "孤坐"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kozai",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"在",
"ざい"
]
],
"word": "孤在"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kozan",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"山",
"ざん"
]
],
"word": "孤山"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koji",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"児",
"じ"
]
],
"word": "孤児"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kojaku",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"弱",
"じゃく"
]
],
"word": "孤弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koju",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"樹",
"じゅ"
]
],
"word": "孤樹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koshū",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"舟",
"しゅう"
]
],
"word": "孤舟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koshū",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"愁",
"しゅう"
]
],
"word": "孤愁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koshō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"称",
"しょう"
]
],
"word": "孤称"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koshō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"聳",
"しょう"
]
],
"word": "孤聳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kojō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"城",
"じょう"
]
],
"word": "孤城"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koshoku",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"食",
"しょく"
]
],
"word": "孤食"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koshin",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"身",
"しん"
]
],
"word": "孤身"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "living alone",
"roman": "kosei",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"棲",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "孤棲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kozetsu",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"絶",
"ぜつ"
]
],
"word": "孤絶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koson",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"村",
"そん"
]
],
"word": "孤村"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koson",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"尊",
"そん"
]
],
"word": "孤尊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kochū",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"忠",
"ちゅう"
]
],
"word": "孤忠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kochū",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"注",
"ちゅう"
]
],
"word": "孤注"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kotō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"灯",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "孤灯"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kotō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"島",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "孤島"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kodoku",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
]
],
"word": "孤独"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kohan",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"帆",
"はん"
]
],
"word": "孤帆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kohyō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"平",
"ひょう"
]
],
"word": "孤平"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kohō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"峰",
"ほう"
]
],
"word": "孤峰"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kohōan",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"篷",
"ほう"
],
[
"庵",
"あん"
]
],
"word": "孤篷庵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kohon",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"本",
"ほん"
]
],
"word": "孤本"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "isolation",
"roman": "koritsu",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"立",
"りつ"
]
],
"word": "孤立"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "korui",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"塁",
"るい"
]
],
"word": "孤塁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "korei",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"例",
"れい"
]
],
"word": "孤例"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "korō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"老",
"ろう"
]
],
"word": "孤老"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "korō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"陋",
"ろう"
]
],
"word": "孤陋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tanko",
"ruby": [
[
"単",
"たん"
],
[
"孤",
"こ"
]
],
"word": "単孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "toku wa ko narazu kanarazu tonari ari",
"ruby": [
[
"徳",
"とく"
],
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"必",
"かなら"
],
[
"隣",
"となり"
]
],
"word": "徳は孤ならず必ず隣あり"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "minashigo",
"ruby": [
[
"孤児",
"みなしご"
]
],
"word": "孤児"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"solitude, alone"
],
"id": "en-孤-ja-character-P5u2X3Uh",
"links": [
[
"solitude",
"solitude"
],
[
"alone",
"alone"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"orphan"
],
"id": "en-孤-ja-character-iPaBGrXY",
"links": [
[
"orphan",
"orphan"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "こ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "孤"
},
"expansion": "孤 (MC ku)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 孤 (MC ku).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ko",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こ"
},
"expansion": "孤(こ) • (ko)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an orphan"
],
"id": "en-孤-ja-noun-lodg9fGn",
"links": [
[
"orphan",
"orphan"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"solitude"
],
"id": "en-孤-ja-noun-AL3bNqYv",
"links": [
[
"solitude",
"solitude"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞]"
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "こ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "孤"
},
"expansion": "孤 (MC ku)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 孤 (MC ku).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ko",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "孤な",
"roman": "ko na",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "孤に",
"roman": "ko ni",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こ",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "孤(こ) • (ko) -na (adnominal 孤(こ)な (ko na), adverbial 孤(こ)に (ko ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 15 7 7 14 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 6 3 3 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 15 8 8 14 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 12 3 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 12 3 3 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 29 7 7 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with rendaku",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"solitary"
],
"id": "en-孤-ja-adj-f-Yq3hge",
"links": [
[
"solitary",
"solitary"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞]"
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "みなしご"
},
"expansion": "みなしご",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "身",
"3": "",
"4": "identity, family",
"tr": "mi"
},
"expansion": "身 (mi, “identity, family”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "無",
"3": "",
"4": "none, without",
"tr": "nashi"
},
"expansion": "無 (nashi, “none, without”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "子",
"3": "",
"4": "child",
"tr": "ko"
},
"expansion": "子 (ko, “child”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "みなしご"
},
"expansion": "rendaku (連濁)",
"name": "rendaku"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Jukujikun kanji use for the term みなしご, itself a compound of 身 (mi, “identity, family”) + 無 (nashi, “none, without”) + 子 (ko, “child”). The final syllable's ko reading changes to go due to rendaku (連濁).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"みなしご"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "minashigo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "みなしご"
},
"expansion": "孤(みなしご) • (minashigo)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"orphan"
],
"id": "en-孤-ja-noun-iPaBGrXY",
"links": [
[
"orphan",
"orphan"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "孤児"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mʲina̠ɕiɡo̞]"
},
{
"ipa": "/mi.na.si.ɡo/"
},
{
"ipa": "[minäɕiɡo̞]"
},
{
"ipa": "[minäɕiŋo̞]"
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "孤",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "孤 (MC ku)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "고"
},
"expansion": "고 (kwo)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "s:훈몽자회/雜語",
"3": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"name": "lw"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "고",
"2": "ko",
"3": "雜語"
},
"expansion": "Recorded as Middle Korean 고 (kwo) (Yale: ko) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.",
"name": "hanja-hunmong"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 孤 (MC ku). Recorded as Middle Korean 고 (kwo) (Yale: ko) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "외로울 고",
"roman": "oeroul go",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "외롭다",
"2": "외로울",
"3": "고"
},
"expansion": "孤 (eumhun 외로울 고 (oeroul go))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "solitude; orphan",
"word": "고"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "孤立",
"english": "isolation",
"roman": "gorip",
"word": "고립"
},
{
"alt": "孤獨",
"english": "loneliness",
"roman": "godok",
"word": "고독"
},
{
"alt": "孤兒",
"english": "orphan",
"roman": "goa",
"word": "고아"
},
{
"alt": "孤兒院",
"english": "orphanage",
"roman": "goawon",
"word": "고아원"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 고 (“solitude; orphan”)."
],
"id": "en-孤-ko-character-P6hEqze-",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"고",
"고#Korean"
],
[
"solitude",
"solitude"
],
[
"orphan",
"orphan"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "cô",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "co",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "còi",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "côi",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "go",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "gò",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"id": "en-孤-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese pronouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Eastern Min pronouns",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Northern Min pronouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "yīyìgūxíng",
"word": "一意孤行"
},
{
"word": "三孤"
},
{
"word": "人孤勢單"
},
{
"word": "人孤势单"
},
{
"word": "伶仃孤苦"
},
{
"word": "內秉堅孤"
},
{
"word": "内秉坚孤"
},
{
"word": "六尺之孤"
},
{
"word": "冷孤丁"
},
{
"word": "別鶴孤鸞"
},
{
"word": "别鹤孤鸾"
},
{
"word": "勢窮力孤"
},
{
"word": "势穷力孤"
},
{
"word": "南面稱孤"
},
{
"word": "南面称孤"
},
{
"word": "四行孤軍"
},
{
"word": "四行孤军"
},
{
"word": "妝孤"
},
{
"word": "妆孤"
},
{
"word": "存孤"
},
{
"word": "字孤"
},
{
"word": "孤丁"
},
{
"word": "孤丁丁"
},
{
"word": "孤介"
},
{
"word": "孤伶伶"
},
{
"roman": "gū'ào",
"word": "孤傲"
},
{
"roman": "gūpì",
"word": "孤僻"
},
{
"word": "孤光"
},
{
"roman": "gū'ér",
"word": "孤兒"
},
{
"roman": "gū'ér",
"word": "孤儿"
},
{
"word": "孤兒寡婦"
},
{
"word": "孤儿寡妇"
},
{
"word": "孤兒年金"
},
{
"word": "孤儿年金"
},
{
"roman": "gū'éryuàn",
"word": "孤兒院"
},
{
"roman": "gū'éryuàn",
"word": "孤儿院"
},
{
"roman": "gū lì nán wéi",
"word": "孤力難為"
},
{
"roman": "gū lì nán wéi",
"word": "孤力难为"
},
{
"word": "孤危"
},
{
"word": "孤另"
},
{
"word": "孤另另"
},
{
"word": "孤哀子"
},
{
"roman": "gūdān",
"word": "孤單"
},
{
"roman": "gūdān",
"word": "孤单"
},
{
"word": "孤嗣"
},
{
"roman": "gūchéng",
"word": "孤城"
},
{
"word": "孤堆"
},
{
"word": "孤塗"
},
{
"word": "孤涂"
},
{
"word": "孤墳"
},
{
"word": "孤坟"
},
{
"word": "孤墳野塚"
},
{
"word": "孤坟野冢"
},
{
"roman": "gūnǚ",
"word": "孤女"
},
{
"roman": "gūlí",
"word": "孤嫠"
},
{
"roman": "gūzǐ",
"word": "孤子"
},
{
"roman": "gūjié",
"word": "孤孑"
},
{
"roman": "gūzǐ bō",
"word": "孤子波"
},
{
"word": "孤孤恓恓"
},
{
"word": "孤孤悽悽"
},
{
"word": "孤孤凄凄"
},
{
"word": "孤孤零零"
},
{
"roman": "gūkè",
"word": "孤客"
},
{
"word": "孤家"
},
{
"roman": "gūjiāguǎrén",
"word": "孤家寡人"
},
{
"roman": "gūjì",
"word": "孤寂"
},
{
"roman": "gūhán",
"word": "孤寒"
},
{
"roman": "gūguǎ",
"word": "孤寡"
},
{
"word": "孤寡不穀"
},
{
"word": "孤寡不谷"
},
{
"roman": "gūshān",
"word": "孤山"
},
{
"roman": "gūdǎo",
"word": "孤島"
},
{
"roman": "gūdǎo",
"word": "孤岛"
},
{
"word": "孤峭"
},
{
"word": "孤峰絕岸"
},
{
"word": "孤峰绝岸"
},
{
"roman": "gūfān",
"word": "孤帆"
},
{
"word": "孤弱"
},
{
"word": "孤形吊影"
},
{
"word": "孤形單影"
},
{
"word": "孤形单影"
},
{
"word": "孤形隻影"
},
{
"word": "孤形只影"
},
{
"word": "孤征"
},
{
"word": "孤忠"
},
{
"word": "孤恓"
},
{
"word": "孤惸"
},
{
"word": "孤憤"
},
{
"word": "孤愤"
},
{
"word": "孤拐"
},
{
"word": "孤拔"
},
{
"word": "孤拐臉"
},
{
"word": "孤拐脸"
},
{
"word": "孤拐面"
},
{
"roman": "gūtǐnghuā",
"word": "孤挺花"
},
{
"word": "孤掌難鳴"
},
{
"word": "孤掌难鸣"
},
{
"word": "孤星淚"
},
{
"word": "孤星泪"
},
{
"roman": "gūběn",
"word": "孤本"
},
{
"word": "孤棲"
},
{
"word": "孤栖"
},
{
"word": "孤棚"
},
{
"word": "孤樁"
},
{
"word": "孤桩"
},
{
"word": "孤標"
},
{
"word": "孤标"
},
{
"word": "孤注"
},
{
"roman": "gūbō",
"word": "孤波"
},
{
"roman": "gūzhùyīzhì",
"word": "孤注一擲"
},
{
"word": "孤淒"
},
{
"word": "孤凄"
},
{
"word": "孤燈挑盡"
},
{
"word": "孤灯挑尽"
},
{
"word": "孤特"
},
{
"word": "孤犢觸乳"
},
{
"word": "孤犊触乳"
},
{
"roman": "gūdú",
"word": "孤獨"
},
{
"roman": "gūdú",
"word": "孤独"
},
{
"word": "孤獨園"
},
{
"word": "孤独园"
},
{
"word": "孤獸"
},
{
"word": "孤兽"
},
{
"word": "孤王"
},
{
"word": "孤生"
},
{
"word": "孤眠"
},
{
"word": "孤眠獨宿"
},
{
"word": "孤眠独宿"
},
{
"roman": "gūqióng",
"word": "孤窮"
},
{
"roman": "gūqióng",
"word": "孤穷"
},
{
"word": "孤窮一身"
},
{
"word": "孤穷一身"
},
{
"roman": "gūlì",
"word": "孤立"
},
{
"roman": "gūlìzhǔyì",
"word": "孤立主義"
},
{
"roman": "gūlìzhǔyì",
"word": "孤立主义"
},
{
"roman": "gūlìzǐ",
"word": "孤立子"
},
{
"roman": "gūlìzǐ bō",
"word": "孤立子波"
},
{
"roman": "gūlìbō",
"word": "孤立波"
},
{
"word": "孤立無助"
},
{
"word": "孤立无助"
},
{
"roman": "gūlìwúyuán",
"word": "孤立無援"
},
{
"roman": "gūlìwúyuán",
"word": "孤立无援"
},
{
"roman": "gūlìyǔ",
"word": "孤立語"
},
{
"roman": "gūlìyǔ",
"word": "孤立语"
},
{
"word": "孤竹"
},
{
"word": "孤竹君"
},
{
"word": "孤絕"
},
{
"word": "孤绝"
},
{
"roman": "gūlǎo",
"word": "孤老"
},
{
"word": "孤老院"
},
{
"word": "孤膽"
},
{
"word": "孤胆"
},
{
"word": "孤臣"
},
{
"word": "孤臣孽子"
},
{
"word": "孤舟"
},
{
"word": "孤芳"
},
{
"roman": "gūfāngzìshǎng",
"word": "孤芳自賞"
},
{
"roman": "gūfāngzìshǎng",
"word": "孤芳自赏"
},
{
"roman": "gūkǔ",
"word": "孤苦"
},
{
"roman": "gūkǔlíngdīng",
"word": "孤苦伶仃"
},
{
"word": "孤苦無依"
},
{
"word": "孤苦无依"
},
{
"roman": "gūkǔlíngdīng",
"word": "孤苦零丁"
},
{
"word": "孤蓬"
},
{
"word": "孤虛"
},
{
"word": "孤虚"
},
{
"roman": "gūxíng",
"word": "孤行"
},
{
"word": "孤行己意"
},
{
"word": "孤行己見"
},
{
"word": "孤行己见"
},
{
"word": "孤衾獨枕"
},
{
"word": "孤衾独枕"
},
{
"word": "孤調調"
},
{
"word": "孤调调"
},
{
"roman": "gūzhèng",
"word": "孤證"
},
{
"roman": "gūzhèng",
"word": "孤证"
},
{
"roman": "gūfù",
"word": "孤負"
},
{
"roman": "gūfù",
"word": "孤负"
},
{
"word": "孤貧"
},
{
"word": "孤贫"
},
{
"word": "孤貧顛連"
},
{
"word": "孤贫颠连"
},
{
"word": "孤賤"
},
{
"word": "孤贱"
},
{
"word": "孤蹤"
},
{
"word": "孤踪"
},
{
"roman": "gūshēn",
"word": "孤身"
},
{
"roman": "gūshēnzhīyǐng",
"word": "孤身隻影"
},
{
"roman": "gūshēnzhīyǐng",
"word": "孤身只影"
},
{
"roman": "gūjūn",
"word": "孤軍"
},
{
"roman": "gūjūn",
"word": "孤军"
},
{
"roman": "gūjūnzuòzhàn",
"word": "孤軍作戰"
},
{
"roman": "gūjūnzuòzhàn",
"word": "孤军作战"
},
{
"roman": "gūjūnfènzhàn",
"word": "孤軍奮戰"
},
{
"roman": "gūjūnfènzhàn",
"word": "孤军奋战"
},
{
"word": "孤軍深入"
},
{
"word": "孤军深入"
},
{
"word": "孤辰合注"
},
{
"word": "孤迥"
},
{
"word": "孤遊"
},
{
"word": "孤游"
},
{
"word": "孤陋"
},
{
"roman": "gūlòuguǎwén",
"word": "孤陋寡聞"
},
{
"roman": "gūlòuguǎwén",
"word": "孤陋寡闻"
},
{
"roman": "gūcí shēngzhí",
"word": "孤雌生殖"
},
{
"word": "孤雛淚"
},
{
"word": "孤雏泪"
},
{
"word": "孤雛腐鼠"
},
{
"word": "孤雏腐鼠"
},
{
"word": "孤離"
},
{
"word": "孤离"
},
{
"word": "孤雲"
},
{
"word": "孤云"
},
{
"word": "孤雲野鶴"
},
{
"word": "孤云野鹤"
},
{
"word": "孤零零"
},
{
"word": "孤霜"
},
{
"word": "孤露"
},
{
"word": "孤館"
},
{
"word": "孤馆"
},
{
"roman": "gūgāo",
"word": "孤高"
},
{
"word": "孤高自許"
},
{
"word": "孤高自许"
},
{
"word": "孤鬼兒"
},
{
"word": "孤鬼儿"
},
{
"roman": "gūhún",
"word": "孤魂"
},
{
"word": "孤魂野鬼"
},
{
"word": "孤鳥"
},
{
"word": "孤鸟"
},
{
"word": "孤鴈"
},
{
"word": "孤鴻寡鵠"
},
{
"word": "孤鸿寡鹄"
},
{
"roman": "gūluán",
"word": "孤鸞"
},
{
"roman": "gūluán",
"word": "孤鸾"
},
{
"word": "孤鸞寡鶴"
},
{
"word": "孤鸾寡鹤"
},
{
"word": "孤鸞年"
},
{
"word": "孤鸾年"
},
{
"word": "孤鸞照命"
},
{
"word": "孤鸾照命"
},
{
"word": "孽子孤臣"
},
{
"word": "寡宿孤辰"
},
{
"word": "寡鵠孤鸞"
},
{
"word": "寡鹄孤鸾"
},
{
"roman": "yòugū",
"word": "幼孤"
},
{
"word": "形孤影寡"
},
{
"word": "形孤影隻"
},
{
"word": "形孤影只"
},
{
"roman": "débùgū, bìyǒulín",
"word": "德不孤，必有鄰／德不孤，必有邻"
},
{
"word": "恤孤"
},
{
"word": "恤孤念寡"
},
{
"word": "恤孤念苦"
},
{
"word": "惜孤念寡"
},
{
"word": "憐孤惜寡"
},
{
"word": "怜孤惜寡"
},
{
"word": "拐孤"
},
{
"word": "押孤丁"
},
{
"word": "搶孤"
},
{
"word": "抢孤"
},
{
"roman": "fǔgū",
"word": "撫孤"
},
{
"roman": "fǔgū",
"word": "抚孤"
},
{
"word": "撫孤恤寡"
},
{
"word": "抚孤恤寡"
},
{
"word": "擔孤受寡"
},
{
"word": "担孤受寡"
},
{
"word": "斷雁孤鴻"
},
{
"word": "断雁孤鸿"
},
{
"word": "曙後星孤"
},
{
"word": "曙后星孤"
},
{
"word": "爬孤棚"
},
{
"word": "獨學孤陋"
},
{
"word": "独学孤陋"
},
{
"word": "獨根孤種"
},
{
"word": "独根孤种"
},
{
"word": "白雲孤飛"
},
{
"word": "白云孤飞"
},
{
"word": "睽孤"
},
{
"word": "矜寡孤獨"
},
{
"word": "矜寡孤独"
},
{
"roman": "chēnggū",
"word": "稱孤"
},
{
"roman": "chēnggū",
"word": "称孤"
},
{
"word": "稱孤道寡"
},
{
"word": "称孤道寡"
},
{
"word": "絕世孤品"
},
{
"word": "绝世孤品"
},
{
"word": "苦心孤詣"
},
{
"word": "苦心孤诣"
},
{
"word": "裝孤"
},
{
"word": "装孤"
},
{
"word": "託孤"
},
{
"word": "托孤"
},
{
"word": "託孤寄命"
},
{
"word": "托孤寄命"
},
{
"word": "趙氏孤兒"
},
{
"word": "赵氏孤儿"
},
{
"word": "道寡稱孤"
},
{
"word": "道寡称孤"
},
{
"roman": "yígū",
"word": "遺孤"
},
{
"roman": "yígū",
"word": "遗孤"
},
{
"word": "鏡裡孤鸞"
},
{
"word": "镜里孤鸾"
},
{
"word": "閒雲孤鶴"
},
{
"word": "闲云孤鹤"
},
{
"word": "隻身孤影"
},
{
"word": "只身孤影"
},
{
"word": "零丁孤苦"
},
{
"word": "電腦孤兒"
},
{
"word": "电脑孤儿"
},
{
"word": "高悝匿孤"
},
{
"roman": "guānguǎgūdú",
"word": "鰥寡孤獨"
},
{
"roman": "guānguǎgūdú",
"word": "鳏寡孤独"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "寡",
"2": "alone; widow"
},
"expansion": "寡 (OC *kʷraːʔ, “alone; widow”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "鰥",
"2": "widower"
},
"expansion": "鰥 (OC *kruːn, *kruːns, “widower”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Related to 寡 (OC *kʷraːʔ, “alone; widow”), 鰥 (OC *kruːn, *kruːns, “widower”) (Schuessler, 2007).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "孤",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"orphaned; parentless"
],
"links": [
[
"orphan",
"orphan"
],
[
"parentless",
"parentless"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"alone; solitary"
],
"links": [
[
"alone",
"alone"
],
[
"solitary",
"solitary"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"orphan"
],
"links": [
[
"orphan",
"orphan"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The earl of Qin, in white mourning garments, was waiting for them in the borders of the capital, and wept, looking in the direction where the army had been lost. He said, \"I have gone against the counsel of Jian Shu and thus brought disgrace on you, my generals; it is my crime.\"",
"ref": "秦伯素服郊次，鄉師而哭曰：「孤違蹇叔，以辱二三子，孤之罪也。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "秦伯素服郊次，乡师而哭曰：「孤违蹇叔，以辱二三子，孤之罪也。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nQín bó sùfú jiāocì, xiàng shī ér kū yuē: “Gū wéi Jiǎnshū, yǐ rǔ èrsānzǐ, gū zhī zuì yě.” [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I"
],
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
]
],
"qualifier": "usually by an emperor or a king",
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually by an emperor or a king) I"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gú"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gŭ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gou¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ku"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ku¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "гу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "gú"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gŭ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kof"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Jinjiang",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kou"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ku^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ku⁵³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³³/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kʷˤa/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kʷaː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³³/"
},
{
"other": "/*kʷˤa/"
},
{
"other": "/*kʷaː/"
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"categories": [
"Common kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading く",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading こ",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading ひと-り",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading みなしご",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 孤",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "orphan",
"roman": "iko",
"ruby": [
[
"遺",
"い"
],
[
"孤",
"こ"
]
],
"word": "遺孤"
},
{
"roman": "kōn",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"雲",
"うん"
]
],
"word": "孤雲"
},
{
"roman": "koei",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"影",
"えい"
]
],
"word": "孤影"
},
{
"roman": "koen",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"猿",
"えん"
]
],
"word": "孤猿"
},
{
"roman": "kokai",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"介",
"かい"
]
],
"word": "孤介"
},
{
"roman": "kokaku",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"客",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "孤客"
},
{
"roman": "kogan",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"雁",
"がん"
]
],
"word": "孤雁"
},
{
"roman": "kokyū",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"笈",
"きゅう"
]
],
"word": "孤笈"
},
{
"roman": "kokin",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"衾",
"きん"
]
],
"word": "孤衾"
},
{
"roman": "kogun",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"軍",
"ぐん"
]
],
"word": "孤軍"
},
{
"roman": "kokei",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"閨",
"けい"
]
],
"word": "孤閨"
},
{
"roman": "kogetsu",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"月",
"げつ"
]
],
"word": "孤月"
},
{
"roman": "koken",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"剣",
"けん"
]
],
"word": "孤剣"
},
{
"roman": "kokō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"高",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "孤高"
},
{
"roman": "koza",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"坐",
"ざ"
]
],
"word": "孤坐"
},
{
"roman": "kozai",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"在",
"ざい"
]
],
"word": "孤在"
},
{
"roman": "kozan",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"山",
"ざん"
]
],
"word": "孤山"
},
{
"roman": "koji",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"児",
"じ"
]
],
"word": "孤児"
},
{
"roman": "kojaku",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"弱",
"じゃく"
]
],
"word": "孤弱"
},
{
"roman": "koju",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"樹",
"じゅ"
]
],
"word": "孤樹"
},
{
"roman": "koshū",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"舟",
"しゅう"
]
],
"word": "孤舟"
},
{
"roman": "koshū",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"愁",
"しゅう"
]
],
"word": "孤愁"
},
{
"roman": "koshō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"称",
"しょう"
]
],
"word": "孤称"
},
{
"roman": "koshō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"聳",
"しょう"
]
],
"word": "孤聳"
},
{
"roman": "kojō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"城",
"じょう"
]
],
"word": "孤城"
},
{
"roman": "koshoku",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"食",
"しょく"
]
],
"word": "孤食"
},
{
"roman": "koshin",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"身",
"しん"
]
],
"word": "孤身"
},
{
"english": "living alone",
"roman": "kosei",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"棲",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "孤棲"
},
{
"roman": "kozetsu",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"絶",
"ぜつ"
]
],
"word": "孤絶"
},
{
"roman": "koson",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"村",
"そん"
]
],
"word": "孤村"
},
{
"roman": "koson",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"尊",
"そん"
]
],
"word": "孤尊"
},
{
"roman": "kochū",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"忠",
"ちゅう"
]
],
"word": "孤忠"
},
{
"roman": "kochū",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"注",
"ちゅう"
]
],
"word": "孤注"
},
{
"roman": "kotō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"灯",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "孤灯"
},
{
"roman": "kotō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"島",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "孤島"
},
{
"roman": "kodoku",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
]
],
"word": "孤独"
},
{
"roman": "kohan",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"帆",
"はん"
]
],
"word": "孤帆"
},
{
"roman": "kohyō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"平",
"ひょう"
]
],
"word": "孤平"
},
{
"roman": "kohō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"峰",
"ほう"
]
],
"word": "孤峰"
},
{
"roman": "kohōan",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"篷",
"ほう"
],
[
"庵",
"あん"
]
],
"word": "孤篷庵"
},
{
"roman": "kohon",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"本",
"ほん"
]
],
"word": "孤本"
},
{
"english": "isolation",
"roman": "koritsu",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"立",
"りつ"
]
],
"word": "孤立"
},
{
"roman": "korui",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"塁",
"るい"
]
],
"word": "孤塁"
},
{
"roman": "korei",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"例",
"れい"
]
],
"word": "孤例"
},
{
"roman": "korō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"老",
"ろう"
]
],
"word": "孤老"
},
{
"roman": "korō",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"陋",
"ろう"
]
],
"word": "孤陋"
},
{
"roman": "tanko",
"ruby": [
[
"単",
"たん"
],
[
"孤",
"こ"
]
],
"word": "単孤"
},
{
"roman": "toku wa ko narazu kanarazu tonari ari",
"ruby": [
[
"徳",
"とく"
],
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"必",
"かなら"
],
[
"隣",
"となり"
]
],
"word": "徳は孤ならず必ず隣あり"
},
{
"roman": "minashigo",
"ruby": [
[
"孤児",
"みなしご"
]
],
"word": "孤児"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"solitude, alone"
],
"links": [
[
"solitude",
"solitude"
],
[
"alone",
"alone"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"orphan"
],
"links": [
[
"orphan",
"orphan"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 孤",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Japanese な-na adjectives"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "こ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "孤"
},
"expansion": "孤 (MC ku)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 孤 (MC ku).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ko",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こ"
},
"expansion": "孤(こ) • (ko)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an orphan"
],
"links": [
[
"orphan",
"orphan"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"solitude"
],
"links": [
[
"solitude",
"solitude"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞]"
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 孤",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Japanese な-na adjectives"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "こ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "孤"
},
"expansion": "孤 (MC ku)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 孤 (MC ku).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ko",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "孤な",
"roman": "ko na",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "孤に",
"roman": "ko ni",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こ",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "孤(こ) • (ko) -na (adnominal 孤(こ)な (ko na), adverbial 孤(こ)に (ko ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"solitary"
],
"links": [
[
"solitary",
"solitary"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞]"
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 孤",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "みなしご"
},
"expansion": "みなしご",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "身",
"3": "",
"4": "identity, family",
"tr": "mi"
},
"expansion": "身 (mi, “identity, family”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "無",
"3": "",
"4": "none, without",
"tr": "nashi"
},
"expansion": "無 (nashi, “none, without”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "子",
"3": "",
"4": "child",
"tr": "ko"
},
"expansion": "子 (ko, “child”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "みなしご"
},
"expansion": "rendaku (連濁)",
"name": "rendaku"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Jukujikun kanji use for the term みなしご, itself a compound of 身 (mi, “identity, family”) + 無 (nashi, “none, without”) + 子 (ko, “child”). The final syllable's ko reading changes to go due to rendaku (連濁).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"みなしご"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "minashigo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "みなしご"
},
"expansion": "孤(みなしご) • (minashigo)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"orphan"
],
"links": [
[
"orphan",
"orphan"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mʲina̠ɕiɡo̞]"
},
{
"ipa": "/mi.na.si.ɡo/"
},
{
"ipa": "[minäɕiɡo̞]"
},
{
"ipa": "[minäɕiŋo̞]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "孤児"
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"alt": "孤立",
"english": "isolation",
"roman": "gorip",
"word": "고립"
},
{
"alt": "孤獨",
"english": "loneliness",
"roman": "godok",
"word": "고독"
},
{
"alt": "孤兒",
"english": "orphan",
"roman": "goa",
"word": "고아"
},
{
"alt": "孤兒院",
"english": "orphanage",
"roman": "goawon",
"word": "고아원"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "孤",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "孤 (MC ku)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "고"
},
"expansion": "고 (kwo)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "s:훈몽자회/雜語",
"3": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"name": "lw"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "고",
"2": "ko",
"3": "雜語"
},
"expansion": "Recorded as Middle Korean 고 (kwo) (Yale: ko) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.",
"name": "hanja-hunmong"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 孤 (MC ku). Recorded as Middle Korean 고 (kwo) (Yale: ko) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "외로울 고",
"roman": "oeroul go",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "외롭다",
"2": "외로울",
"3": "고"
},
"expansion": "孤 (eumhun 외로울 고 (oeroul go))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "solitude; orphan",
"word": "고"
}
],
"categories": [
"Korean Han characters",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Middle Korean Han characters"
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 고 (“solitude; orphan”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"고",
"고#Korean"
],
[
"solitude",
"solitude"
],
[
"orphan",
"orphan"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Han script characters",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"孤 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+5 in Chinese, 子+6 in Japanese, 8 strokes in Chinese, 9 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 弓木竹女人 (NDHVO), four-corner 1243₀, composition ⿰子瓜)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"子",
"子#Translingual"
],
[
"瓜",
"瓜#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "cô",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "co",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "còi",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "côi",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "go",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "gò",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Han characters",
"Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
"Vietnamese lemmas"
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "孤"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary)'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min (KCR)'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"孤"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "孤",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.