See cô on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for cô meaning in All languages combined (17.8kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ram",
"2": "sai-nje-pro",
"3": "*ŋgô",
"4": "",
"5": "water"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Northern Jê *ŋgô (“water”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ram",
"2": "sai-cer-pro",
"3": "*ŋgôj’",
"4": "",
"5": "water"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Cerrado *ŋgôj’ (“water”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ram",
"2": "sai-jee-pro",
"3": "*ŋgə̂₁j’ ~ *ŋgə̂₂j",
"4": "",
"5": "water"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Jê *ŋgə̂₁j’ ~ *ŋgə̂₂j (“water”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Northern Jê *ŋgô (“water”) < Proto-Cerrado *ŋgôj’ (“water”) < (?) Proto-Jê *ŋgə̂₁j’ ~ *ŋgə̂₂j (“water”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ram",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Canela",
"lang_code": "ram",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Canela entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ram",
"name": "Water",
"orig": "ram:Water",
"parents": [
"Liquids",
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They had no water./There was no water for them.",
"text": "Me cupê cô jamreara.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The water covered the rice.",
"text": "Cô te arỳjhy jaxir.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"water"
],
"id": "en-cô-ram-noun-D0FoSQ44",
"links": [
[
"water",
"water"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ko/"
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "noun",
"3": "<small>please provide plural</small>",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "cô m (please provide plural)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cô m (please provide plural)",
"name": "lij-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ligurian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ligurian terms with the plural missing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"color"
],
"id": "en-cô-lij-noun-dChNncvM",
"links": [
[
"color",
"color#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "with the",
"word": "cu lu"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sicilian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sicilian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Contraction of cu lu (“with the”)."
],
"id": "en-cô-scn-prep-pKuvppqM",
"links": [
[
"cu",
"cu#Sicilian"
],
[
"lu",
"lu#Sicilian"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"contraction"
]
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "姑",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "姑",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "姑"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 姑",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 姑.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 11 5 8 5 10 5 4 1 8 1 11 6 3 3 4 4 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 8 10 5 12 5 5 2 6 4 10 4 3 3 5 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 5 15 2 19 2 5 1 3 1 5 2 3 4 5 5 3 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Female family members",
"orig": "vi:Female family members",
"parents": [
"Family members",
"Female people",
"Family",
"Female",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 4 14 2 17 2 6 0 3 0 5 3 5 6 6 6 4 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Female people",
"orig": "vi:Female people",
"parents": [
"Female",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "little girl",
"word": "cô bé"
},
{
"english": "girl; young woman",
"word": "cô gái"
},
{
"word": "cổ"
},
{
"word": "sư cô"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a paternal aunt (father's sister)"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-noun-94VZDxTg",
"links": [
[
"paternal aunt",
"paternal aunt#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "chú"
},
{
"word": "dượng"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "姑",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "姑",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "姑"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 姑",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 姑.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "pronoun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "vi-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "anh"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "cháu"
},
{
"word": "con"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 5 15 2 19 2 5 1 3 1 5 2 3 4 5 5 3 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Female family members",
"orig": "vi:Female family members",
"parents": [
"Family members",
"Female people",
"Family",
"Female",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 4 14 2 17 2 6 0 3 0 5 3 5 6 6 6 4 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Female people",
"orig": "vi:Female people",
"parents": [
"Female",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I/me, your paternal aunt"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-IOG9thD3",
"links": [
[
"I",
"I#English"
],
[
"me",
"me#English"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "cháu"
},
{
"word": "con"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I/me, a woman who's (presumably) slightly younger than either of your parents"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-TeMynanA",
"links": [
[
"woman",
"woman#English"
],
[
"presumably",
"presumably#English"
],
[
"slightly",
"slightly#English"
],
[
"young",
"young#English"
],
[
"parent",
"parent#English"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "cháu"
},
{
"word": "con"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 11 5 8 5 10 5 4 1 8 1 11 6 3 3 4 4 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 8 10 5 12 5 5 2 6 4 10 4 3 3 5 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 5 15 2 19 2 5 1 3 1 5 2 3 4 5 5 3 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Female family members",
"orig": "vi:Female family members",
"parents": [
"Family members",
"Female people",
"Family",
"Female",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 4 14 2 17 2 6 0 3 0 5 3 5 6 6 6 4 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Female people",
"orig": "vi:Female people",
"parents": [
"Female",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, my paternal aunt"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-WkiGh5-m",
"links": [
[
"you",
"you#English"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "cháu"
},
{
"word": "con"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, a woman who's (presumably) slightly younger than either of my parents"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-v0fXd4iF"
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "anh"
},
{
"word": "tôi"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"you, a female who's (presumably) slightly younger than me"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-w0a6~hgA",
"links": [
[
"female",
"female#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(familiar) you, a female who's (presumably) slightly younger than me"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "em"
}
],
"tags": [
"familiar"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"you, my young mistress, my old master's daughter"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-7izeA8eh",
"raw_glosses": [
"(honorific) you, my young mistress, my old master's daughter"
],
"tags": [
"honorific"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "tôi"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Fiction",
"orig": "vi:Fiction",
"parents": [
"Artistic works",
"Art",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, a young adult woman"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-l6NoG45q",
"links": [
[
"fiction",
"fiction"
],
[
"young adult",
"young adult#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(formal, chiefly in fiction or translation) you, a young adult woman"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in fiction or translation"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chị"
}
],
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "tôi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, my wife with whom I'm not happy"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-gz3cCG67",
"links": [
[
"wife",
"wife#English"
],
[
"happy",
"happy#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "unfriendly",
"raw_glosses": [
"(unfriendly) you, my wife with whom I'm not happy"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "tôi"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 11 5 8 5 10 5 4 1 8 1 11 6 3 3 4 4 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 10 6 5 7 6 6 4 6 6 10 3 4 4 6 6 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, Missy or young lady"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-GQeOmKW4",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"ironic",
"irony"
],
[
"Missy",
"Missy#English"
],
[
"young lady",
"young lady#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "humorous or ironic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(humorous or ironic) you, Missy or young lady"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cô nương"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"she/her, that young adult woman"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-3N5KxEEC",
"links": [
[
"she",
"she#English"
],
[
"her",
"her#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) she/her, that young adult woman"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "female teacher"
},
"expansion": "female teacher",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Short for <span class='form-of-definition-link'><i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">cô giáo</i> <span class=\"mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren\">(“<span class=\"Latn\" lang=\"en\">female teacher</span>”)</span></span>.",
"lang": ""
},
"expansion": "Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”).",
"name": "no deprecated lang param usage"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cô giáo",
"3": "",
"4": "female teacher"
},
"expansion": "Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”).",
"name": "short for"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "female teacher",
"word": "cô giáo"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 20 4 6 4 7 6 4 3 10 11 2 1 1 6 6 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 10 6 5 7 6 6 4 6 6 10 3 4 4 6 6 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 24 14 15 16 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "vi:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”)."
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-noun-xmk1jyMe",
"links": [
[
"cô giáo",
"cô giáo#Vietnamese"
],
[
"female",
"female#English"
],
[
"teacher",
"teacher#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”)."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "female teacher"
},
"expansion": "female teacher",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Short for <span class='form-of-definition-link'><i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">cô giáo</i> <span class=\"mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren\">(“<span class=\"Latn\" lang=\"en\">female teacher</span>”)</span></span>.",
"lang": ""
},
"expansion": "Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”).",
"name": "no deprecated lang param usage"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cô giáo",
"3": "",
"4": "female teacher"
},
"expansion": "Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”).",
"name": "short for"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "pronoun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "vi-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thầy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "em"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 24 14 15 16 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "vi:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I/me, your older female teacher"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-D8uFSgdg"
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "em"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 24 14 15 16 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "vi:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, my older female teacher"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-5P5CoOoW"
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "tôi"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 24 14 15 16 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "vi:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, my or my child's female teacher who's (presumably) as old as or younger than me"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-YRH3DejL"
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "em"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 24 14 15 16 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "vi:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, my child's female teacher who's (presumably) slightly older than me"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-dm7j~IHL"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 24 14 15 16 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "vi:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"she/her, my/your/our female teacher"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-W3gF41H-"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "孤",
"t": "lonesome"
},
"expansion": "孤 (“lonesome”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "孤",
"2": "lonesome"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 孤 (“lonesome”)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 孤 (“lonesome”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "pronoun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "vi-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Fiction",
"orig": "vi:Fiction",
"parents": [
"Artistic works",
"Art",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The King of Hanzhong said: - I swore an oath of fraternal rectitude with my two younger oath-brothers Guan, Zhang in the peach garden, pledging to live and die together. Now [Guan] Yunzhang unfortunately has been maliciously murdered, how can I enjoy riches by myself?",
"text": "14th century, Luo Guanzhong Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Ch. 78; 1909 Vietnamese translation by Phan Kế Bính\nHán Trung vương nói: - Cô kết nghĩa với Quan, Trương hai em ở vườn đào, thề cùng sống thác với nhau. Nay Vân Trường chẳng may bị hại, cô sao hưởng phú quý một mình được!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I/me"
],
"id": "en-cô-vi-pron-N83TYRUL",
"links": [
[
"fiction",
"fiction"
],
[
"humble",
"humble"
],
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"me",
"me"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Chinese fiction, humble) I/me"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "quả nhân"
},
{
"word": "trẫm"
},
{
"word": "bất cốc"
}
],
"tags": [
"Chinese",
"humble"
],
"topics": [
"fiction",
"literature",
"media",
"publishing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"categories": [
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"vi:Education",
"vi:Female family members",
"vi:Female people"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ram",
"2": "sai-nje-pro",
"3": "*ŋgô",
"4": "",
"5": "water"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Northern Jê *ŋgô (“water”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ram",
"2": "sai-cer-pro",
"3": "*ŋgôj’",
"4": "",
"5": "water"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Cerrado *ŋgôj’ (“water”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ram",
"2": "sai-jee-pro",
"3": "*ŋgə̂₁j’ ~ *ŋgə̂₂j",
"4": "",
"5": "water"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Jê *ŋgə̂₁j’ ~ *ŋgə̂₂j (“water”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Northern Jê *ŋgô (“water”) < Proto-Cerrado *ŋgôj’ (“water”) < (?) Proto-Jê *ŋgə̂₁j’ ~ *ŋgə̂₂j (“water”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ram",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Canela",
"lang_code": "ram",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Canela entries with incorrect language header",
"Canela lemmas",
"Canela nouns",
"Canela terms derived from Proto-Cerrado",
"Canela terms derived from Proto-Jê",
"Canela terms derived from Proto-Northern Jê",
"Canela terms inherited from Proto-Cerrado",
"Canela terms inherited from Proto-Jê",
"Canela terms inherited from Proto-Northern Jê",
"Canela terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Canela terms with usage examples",
"ram:Water"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They had no water./There was no water for them.",
"text": "Me cupê cô jamreara.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The water covered the rice.",
"text": "Cô te arỳjhy jaxir.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"water"
],
"links": [
[
"water",
"water"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ko/"
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"categories": [
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"vi:Education",
"vi:Female family members",
"vi:Female people"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "noun",
"3": "<small>please provide plural</small>",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "cô m (please provide plural)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cô m (please provide plural)",
"name": "lij-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ligurian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ligurian lemmas",
"Ligurian masculine nouns",
"Ligurian nouns",
"Ligurian terms with the plural missing"
],
"glosses": [
"color"
],
"links": [
[
"color",
"color#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"categories": [
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"vi:Education",
"vi:Female family members",
"vi:Female people"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "with the",
"word": "cu lu"
}
],
"categories": [
"Sicilian contractions",
"Sicilian entries with incorrect language header",
"Sicilian lemmas",
"Sicilian prepositions"
],
"glosses": [
"Contraction of cu lu (“with the”)."
],
"links": [
[
"cu",
"cu#Sicilian"
],
[
"lu",
"lu#Sicilian"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"contraction"
]
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"categories": [
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"Vietnamese pronouns",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese terms with audio links",
"vi:Education",
"vi:Female family members",
"vi:Female people"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "little girl",
"word": "cô bé"
},
{
"english": "girl; young woman",
"word": "cô gái"
},
{
"word": "cổ"
},
{
"word": "sư cô"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "姑",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "姑",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "姑"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 姑",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 姑.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "chú"
},
{
"word": "dượng"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a paternal aunt (father's sister)"
],
"links": [
[
"paternal aunt",
"paternal aunt#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"categories": [
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"Vietnamese pronouns",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese terms with audio links",
"vi:Education",
"vi:Female family members",
"vi:Female people"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "姑",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "姑",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "姑"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 姑",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 姑.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "pronoun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "vi-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "anh"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "cháu"
},
{
"word": "con"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I/me, your paternal aunt"
],
"links": [
[
"I",
"I#English"
],
[
"me",
"me#English"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "cháu"
},
{
"word": "con"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I/me, a woman who's (presumably) slightly younger than either of your parents"
],
"links": [
[
"woman",
"woman#English"
],
[
"presumably",
"presumably#English"
],
[
"slightly",
"slightly#English"
],
[
"young",
"young#English"
],
[
"parent",
"parent#English"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "cháu"
},
{
"word": "con"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, my paternal aunt"
],
"links": [
[
"you",
"you#English"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "cháu"
},
{
"word": "con"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, a woman who's (presumably) slightly younger than either of my parents"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "anh"
},
{
"word": "tôi"
}
],
"categories": [
"Vietnamese familiar terms"
],
"glosses": [
"you, a female who's (presumably) slightly younger than me"
],
"links": [
[
"female",
"female#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(familiar) you, a female who's (presumably) slightly younger than me"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "em"
}
],
"tags": [
"familiar"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese honorific terms"
],
"glosses": [
"you, my young mistress, my old master's daughter"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(honorific) you, my young mistress, my old master's daughter"
],
"tags": [
"honorific"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "tôi"
}
],
"categories": [
"Vietnamese formal terms",
"vi:Fiction"
],
"glosses": [
"you, a young adult woman"
],
"links": [
[
"fiction",
"fiction"
],
[
"young adult",
"young adult#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(formal, chiefly in fiction or translation) you, a young adult woman"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in fiction or translation"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chị"
}
],
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "tôi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, my wife with whom I'm not happy"
],
"links": [
[
"wife",
"wife#English"
],
[
"happy",
"happy#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "unfriendly",
"raw_glosses": [
"(unfriendly) you, my wife with whom I'm not happy"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "tôi"
}
],
"categories": [
"Vietnamese humorous terms"
],
"glosses": [
"you, Missy or young lady"
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"ironic",
"irony"
],
[
"Missy",
"Missy#English"
],
[
"young lady",
"young lady#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "humorous or ironic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(humorous or ironic) you, Missy or young lady"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cô nương"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"she/her, that young adult woman"
],
"links": [
[
"she",
"she#English"
],
[
"her",
"her#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) she/her, that young adult woman"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"categories": [
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"Vietnamese pronouns",
"Vietnamese short forms",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese terms with audio links",
"vi:Education",
"vi:Female family members",
"vi:Female people"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "female teacher"
},
"expansion": "female teacher",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Short for <span class='form-of-definition-link'><i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">cô giáo</i> <span class=\"mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren\">(“<span class=\"Latn\" lang=\"en\">female teacher</span>”)</span></span>.",
"lang": ""
},
"expansion": "Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”).",
"name": "no deprecated lang param usage"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cô giáo",
"3": "",
"4": "female teacher"
},
"expansion": "Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”).",
"name": "short for"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "female teacher",
"word": "cô giáo"
}
],
"categories": [
"Vietnamese informal terms",
"Vietnamese short forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”)."
],
"links": [
[
"cô giáo",
"cô giáo#Vietnamese"
],
[
"female",
"female#English"
],
[
"teacher",
"teacher#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”)."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"categories": [
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"Vietnamese pronouns",
"Vietnamese short forms",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese terms with audio links",
"vi:Education",
"vi:Female family members",
"vi:Female people"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "female teacher"
},
"expansion": "female teacher",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Short for <span class='form-of-definition-link'><i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">cô giáo</i> <span class=\"mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren\">(“<span class=\"Latn\" lang=\"en\">female teacher</span>”)</span></span>.",
"lang": ""
},
"expansion": "Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”).",
"name": "no deprecated lang param usage"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cô giáo",
"3": "",
"4": "female teacher"
},
"expansion": "Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”).",
"name": "short for"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Short for cô giáo (“female teacher”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "pronoun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "vi-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "thầy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "em"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I/me, your older female teacher"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "em"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, my older female teacher"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "tôi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, my or my child's female teacher who's (presumably) as old as or younger than me"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "em"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, my child's female teacher who's (presumably) slightly older than me"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"she/her, my/your/our female teacher"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
{
"categories": [
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese pronouns",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese terms with audio links",
"vi:Education",
"vi:Female family members",
"vi:Female people"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "孤",
"t": "lonesome"
},
"expansion": "孤 (“lonesome”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "孤",
"2": "lonesome"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 孤 (“lonesome”)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 孤 (“lonesome”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "pronoun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cô",
"name": "vi-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "quả nhân"
},
{
"word": "trẫm"
},
{
"word": "bất cốc"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese humble terms",
"Vietnamese terms with quotations",
"vi:Fiction"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The King of Hanzhong said: - I swore an oath of fraternal rectitude with my two younger oath-brothers Guan, Zhang in the peach garden, pledging to live and die together. Now [Guan] Yunzhang unfortunately has been maliciously murdered, how can I enjoy riches by myself?",
"text": "14th century, Luo Guanzhong Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Ch. 78; 1909 Vietnamese translation by Phan Kế Bính\nHán Trung vương nói: - Cô kết nghĩa với Quan, Trương hai em ở vườn đào, thề cùng sống thác với nhau. Nay Vân Trường chẳng may bị hại, cô sao hưởng phú quý một mình được!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I/me"
],
"links": [
[
"fiction",
"fiction"
],
[
"humble",
"humble"
],
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"me",
"me"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Chinese fiction, humble) I/me"
],
"tags": [
"Chinese",
"humble"
],
"topics": [
"fiction",
"literature",
"media",
"publishing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kow˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"word": "cô"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.