See 孤單 on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤单",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "孤單",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "58 7 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 0 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 0 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 0 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "zh:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate"
],
"id": "en-孤單-zh-adj-zBprlu7v",
"links": [
[
"lonely",
"lonely"
],
[
"lonesome",
"lonesome"
],
[
"solitary",
"solitary"
],
[
"desolate",
"desolate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weak; powerless"
],
"id": "en-孤單-zh-adj-UEvJjCuR",
"links": [
[
"weak",
"weak"
],
[
"powerless",
"powerless"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "гўдан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gwdan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ku¹-tan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gū-dān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гудань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gū dāan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "gu^ˊ dan^ˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dvoaf"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dafn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kou tuaⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ku^平 te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "俗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gūjié",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "孤孑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gūjì",
"word": "孤寂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gūdú",
"word": "孤獨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gūdú",
"word": "孤独"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jìmò",
"word": "寂寞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jìliáo",
"word": "寂寥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "挑另"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "suǒmò",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min",
"literary"
],
"word": "索寞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "luòmò",
"word": "落寞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "rǎnruò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "冉弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dānbó",
"word": "單薄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dānbó",
"word": "单薄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chánruò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "孱弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ruò",
"word": "弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "wēiruò",
"word": "微弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "róuruò",
"word": "柔弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shòuruò",
"word": "瘦弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shòují",
"word": "瘦瘠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "léiruò",
"word": "羸弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "cuìruò",
"word": "脆弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "荏弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bóruò",
"word": "薄弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xūruò",
"word": "虛弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xūruò",
"word": "虚弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "虛荏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "虚荏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xūkuī",
"word": "虛虧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xūkuī",
"word": "虚亏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kuīruò",
"word": "虧弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kuīruò",
"word": "亏弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shuāiruò",
"word": "衰弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"word": "軟弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"word": "软弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "軟蔫蔫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "软蔫蔫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "軟䭕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "软𬲕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "cí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "雌"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tǐruò",
"word": "體弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tǐruò",
"word": "体弱"
}
],
"word": "孤單"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤单",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "孤單",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Min Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"only; just; alone"
],
"id": "en-孤單-zh-adv-7A21W62L",
"links": [
[
"only",
"only"
],
[
"just",
"just"
],
[
"alone",
"alone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Southern Min) only; just; alone"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Suzhounese",
"word": "一塌括子 (7iq-thaeq7-khuaeq7-tsy3)"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"word": "僅僅"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"word": "仅仅"
},
{
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "儷是"
},
{
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "俪是"
},
{
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "則是"
},
{
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "则是"
},
{
"word": "只"
},
{
"roman": "zi2 hai6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只係"
},
{
"roman": "zi2 hai6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只系"
},
{
"roman": "zhǐshì",
"word": "只是"
},
{
"roman": "dānchún",
"word": "單純"
},
{
"roman": "dānchún",
"word": "单纯"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "孤啊"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "干焦"
},
{
"roman": "túrán",
"word": "徒然"
}
],
"tags": [
"Min",
"Southern"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "гўдан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gwdan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ku¹-tan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gū-dān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гудань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gū dāan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "gu^ˊ dan^ˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dvoaf"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dafn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kou tuaⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ku^平 te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
}
],
"word": "孤單"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "孤單",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "孤單",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese adjectives in Han script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of cô đơn (“lonely”)."
],
"id": "en-孤單-vi-adj-937-B3yB",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"cô đơn",
"cô đơn#Vietnamese:_孤單"
],
[
"lonely",
"lonely"
]
]
}
],
"word": "孤單"
}
{
"categories": [
"Advanced Mandarin",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 單",
"Chinese terms spelled with 孤",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Emotions"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤单",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "孤單",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate"
],
"links": [
[
"lonely",
"lonely"
],
[
"lonesome",
"lonesome"
],
[
"solitary",
"solitary"
],
[
"desolate",
"desolate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weak; powerless"
],
"links": [
[
"weak",
"weak"
],
[
"powerless",
"powerless"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "гўдан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gwdan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ku¹-tan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gū-dān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гудань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gū dāan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "gu^ˊ dan^ˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dvoaf"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dafn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kou tuaⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ku^平 te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "俗"
},
{
"roman": "gūjié",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "孤孑"
},
{
"roman": "gūjì",
"word": "孤寂"
},
{
"roman": "gūdú",
"word": "孤獨"
},
{
"roman": "gūdú",
"word": "孤独"
},
{
"roman": "jìmò",
"word": "寂寞"
},
{
"roman": "jìliáo",
"word": "寂寥"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "挑另"
},
{
"roman": "suǒmò",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min",
"literary"
],
"word": "索寞"
},
{
"roman": "luòmò",
"word": "落寞"
},
{
"roman": "rǎnruò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "冉弱"
},
{
"roman": "dānbó",
"word": "單薄"
},
{
"roman": "dānbó",
"word": "单薄"
},
{
"roman": "chánruò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "孱弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruò",
"word": "弱"
},
{
"roman": "wēiruò",
"word": "微弱"
},
{
"roman": "róuruò",
"word": "柔弱"
},
{
"roman": "shòuruò",
"word": "瘦弱"
},
{
"roman": "shòují",
"word": "瘦瘠"
},
{
"roman": "léiruò",
"word": "羸弱"
},
{
"roman": "cuìruò",
"word": "脆弱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "荏弱"
},
{
"roman": "bóruò",
"word": "薄弱"
},
{
"roman": "xūruò",
"word": "虛弱"
},
{
"roman": "xūruò",
"word": "虚弱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "虛荏"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "虚荏"
},
{
"roman": "xūkuī",
"word": "虛虧"
},
{
"roman": "xūkuī",
"word": "虚亏"
},
{
"roman": "kuīruò",
"word": "虧弱"
},
{
"roman": "kuīruò",
"word": "亏弱"
},
{
"roman": "shuāiruò",
"word": "衰弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"word": "軟弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"word": "软弱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "軟蔫蔫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "软蔫蔫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "軟䭕"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "软𬲕"
},
{
"roman": "cí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "雌"
},
{
"roman": "tǐruò",
"word": "體弱"
},
{
"roman": "tǐruò",
"word": "体弱"
}
],
"word": "孤單"
}
{
"categories": [
"Advanced Mandarin",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 單",
"Chinese terms spelled with 孤",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Emotions"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤单",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "孤單",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Southern Min Chinese"
],
"glosses": [
"only; just; alone"
],
"links": [
[
"only",
"only"
],
[
"just",
"just"
],
[
"alone",
"alone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Southern Min) only; just; alone"
],
"tags": [
"Min",
"Southern"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "гўдан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gwdan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ku¹-tan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gū-dān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гудань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gū dāan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "gu^ˊ dan^ˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dvoaf"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dafn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kou tuaⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ku^平 te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Suzhounese",
"word": "一塌括子 (7iq-thaeq7-khuaeq7-tsy3)"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"word": "僅僅"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"word": "仅仅"
},
{
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "儷是"
},
{
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "俪是"
},
{
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "則是"
},
{
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "则是"
},
{
"word": "只"
},
{
"roman": "zi2 hai6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只係"
},
{
"roman": "zi2 hai6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只系"
},
{
"roman": "zhǐshì",
"word": "只是"
},
{
"roman": "dānchún",
"word": "單純"
},
{
"roman": "dānchún",
"word": "单纯"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "孤啊"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "干焦"
},
{
"roman": "túrán",
"word": "徒然"
}
],
"word": "孤單"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "孤單",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "孤單",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese adjectives in Han script",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of cô đơn (“lonely”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"cô đơn",
"cô đơn#Vietnamese:_孤單"
],
[
"lonely",
"lonely"
]
]
}
],
"word": "孤單"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 孤單 meaning in All languages combined (12.8kB)
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.