See 孤單 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 孤單 meaning in Chinese (12.4kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "孤單",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "59 8 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 0 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "zh:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate"
],
"id": "en-孤單-zh-adj-zBprlu7v",
"links": [
[
"lonely",
"lonely"
],
[
"lonesome",
"lonesome"
],
[
"solitary",
"solitary"
],
[
"desolate",
"desolate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weak; powerless"
],
"id": "en-孤單-zh-adj-UEvJjCuR",
"links": [
[
"weak",
"weak"
],
[
"powerless",
"powerless"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "гўдан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gwdan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ku¹-tan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gū-dān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гудань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gū dāan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu´ dan´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dvoaf"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dafn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kou tuaⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ku^平 te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "俗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gūjié",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "孤孑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gūjì",
"word": "孤寂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gūdú",
"word": "孤獨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gūdú",
"word": "孤独"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jìmò",
"word": "寂寞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jìliáo",
"word": "寂寥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "挑另"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "literary or Eastern Min",
"roman": "suǒmò",
"word": "索寞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "luòmò",
"word": "落寞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dānbó",
"word": "單薄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dānbó",
"word": "单薄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chánruò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "孱弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ruò",
"word": "弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "wēiruò",
"word": "微弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "róuruò",
"word": "柔弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shòuruò",
"word": "瘦弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shòují",
"word": "瘦瘠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "léiruò",
"word": "羸弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "cuìruò",
"word": "脆弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "荏弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bóruò",
"word": "薄弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xūruò",
"word": "虛弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xūruò",
"word": "虚弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "虛荏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "虚荏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xūkuī",
"word": "虛虧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xūkuī",
"word": "虚亏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kuīruò",
"word": "虧弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kuīruò",
"word": "亏弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shuāiruò",
"word": "衰弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"word": "軟弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"word": "软弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "軟䭕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "软𬲕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "cí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "雌"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tǐruò",
"word": "體弱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tǐruò",
"word": "体弱"
}
],
"word": "孤單"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "孤單",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Min Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"only; just; alone"
],
"id": "en-孤單-zh-adv-7A21W62L",
"links": [
[
"only",
"only"
],
[
"just",
"just"
],
[
"alone",
"alone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Southern Min) only; just; alone"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Suzhounese",
"word": "一塌括子 (7iq-thaeq7-khuaeq7-tsy3)"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"word": "僅僅"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"word": "仅仅"
},
{
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "儷是"
},
{
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "俪是"
},
{
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "則是"
},
{
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "则是"
},
{
"roman": "zhǐ",
"word": "只"
},
{
"roman": "zi2 hai6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只係"
},
{
"roman": "zi2 hai6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只系"
},
{
"roman": "zhǐshì",
"word": "只是"
},
{
"roman": "dānchún",
"word": "單純"
},
{
"roman": "dānchún",
"word": "单纯"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "孤啊"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "干焦"
},
{
"roman": "túrán",
"word": "徒然"
}
],
"tags": [
"Min",
"Southern"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "гўдан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gwdan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ku¹-tan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gū-dān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гудань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gū dāan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu´ dan´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dvoaf"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dafn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kou tuaⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ku^平 te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
}
],
"word": "孤單"
}
{
"categories": [
"Advanced Mandarin",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"zh:Emotions"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "孤單",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate"
],
"links": [
[
"lonely",
"lonely"
],
[
"lonesome",
"lonesome"
],
[
"solitary",
"solitary"
],
[
"desolate",
"desolate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weak; powerless"
],
"links": [
[
"weak",
"weak"
],
[
"powerless",
"powerless"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "гўдан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gwdan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ku¹-tan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gū-dān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гудань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gū dāan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu´ dan´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dvoaf"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dafn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kou tuaⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ku^平 te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "俗"
},
{
"roman": "gūjié",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "孤孑"
},
{
"roman": "gūjì",
"word": "孤寂"
},
{
"roman": "gūdú",
"word": "孤獨"
},
{
"roman": "gūdú",
"word": "孤独"
},
{
"roman": "jìmò",
"word": "寂寞"
},
{
"roman": "jìliáo",
"word": "寂寥"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "挑另"
},
{
"english": "literary or Eastern Min",
"roman": "suǒmò",
"word": "索寞"
},
{
"roman": "luòmò",
"word": "落寞"
},
{
"roman": "dānbó",
"word": "單薄"
},
{
"roman": "dānbó",
"word": "单薄"
},
{
"roman": "chánruò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "孱弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruò",
"word": "弱"
},
{
"roman": "wēiruò",
"word": "微弱"
},
{
"roman": "róuruò",
"word": "柔弱"
},
{
"roman": "shòuruò",
"word": "瘦弱"
},
{
"roman": "shòují",
"word": "瘦瘠"
},
{
"roman": "léiruò",
"word": "羸弱"
},
{
"roman": "cuìruò",
"word": "脆弱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "荏弱"
},
{
"roman": "bóruò",
"word": "薄弱"
},
{
"roman": "xūruò",
"word": "虛弱"
},
{
"roman": "xūruò",
"word": "虚弱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "虛荏"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "虚荏"
},
{
"roman": "xūkuī",
"word": "虛虧"
},
{
"roman": "xūkuī",
"word": "虚亏"
},
{
"roman": "kuīruò",
"word": "虧弱"
},
{
"roman": "kuīruò",
"word": "亏弱"
},
{
"roman": "shuāiruò",
"word": "衰弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"word": "軟弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"word": "软弱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "軟䭕"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "软𬲕"
},
{
"roman": "cí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "雌"
},
{
"roman": "tǐruò",
"word": "體弱"
},
{
"roman": "tǐruò",
"word": "体弱"
}
],
"word": "孤單"
}
{
"categories": [
"Advanced Mandarin",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"zh:Emotions"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "孤單",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Southern Min Chinese"
],
"glosses": [
"only; just; alone"
],
"links": [
[
"only",
"only"
],
[
"just",
"just"
],
[
"alone",
"alone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Southern Min) only; just; alone"
],
"tags": [
"Min",
"Southern"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "гўдан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gwdan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ku¹-tan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gū-dān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гудань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gudanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gū dāan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu´ dan´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dvoaf"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "koo-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "ko'dafn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kou tuaⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ku^平 te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tuã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Suzhounese",
"word": "一塌括子 (7iq-thaeq7-khuaeq7-tsy3)"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"word": "僅僅"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"word": "仅仅"
},
{
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "儷是"
},
{
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "俪是"
},
{
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "則是"
},
{
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "则是"
},
{
"roman": "zhǐ",
"word": "只"
},
{
"roman": "zi2 hai6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只係"
},
{
"roman": "zi2 hai6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只系"
},
{
"roman": "zhǐshì",
"word": "只是"
},
{
"roman": "dānchún",
"word": "單純"
},
{
"roman": "dānchún",
"word": "单纯"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "孤啊"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "干焦"
},
{
"roman": "túrán",
"word": "徒然"
}
],
"word": "孤單"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.