See 徒然 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "徒然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 85 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 86 0 0 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 92 0 0 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in vain; for no reason; for no purpose; for nothing; unsuccessfully"
],
"id": "en-徒然-zh-adv-4m2vw7W4",
"links": [
[
"in vain",
"in vain"
],
[
"reason",
"reason"
],
[
"purpose",
"purpose"
],
[
"nothing",
"nothing"
],
[
"unsuccessfully",
"unsuccessfully"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"roman": "báibái",
"sense": "in vain",
"word": "白白"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"sense": "in vain",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "干焦"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"sense": "in vain",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "干白"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"merely; only"
],
"id": "en-徒然-zh-adv-0o0f5Q7-",
"links": [
[
"merely",
"merely"
],
[
"only",
"only"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨˊ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨˊ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tʻu²-jan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tú-rán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "twuran"
},
{
"roman": "tužanʹ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "тужань"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³⁵ ʐän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "徒然",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "突然",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ jin⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tòuh yìhn"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ jin⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯²¹ jiːn²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "tu^ˇ ien^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "tu² yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu¹¹ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "tu^ˇ (r)ian^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "tu² yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu¹¹ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "Suzhounese",
"word": "一塌括子 (7iq-thaeq7-khuaeq7-tsy3)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"word": "僅僅"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"word": "仅仅"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "儷是"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "俪是"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "則是"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "则是"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "只"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zi2 hai6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只係"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zi2 hai6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只系"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zhǐshì",
"word": "只是"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dānchún",
"word": "單純"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dānchún",
"word": "单纯"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "孤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "孤啊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "孤單"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "孤单"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "干焦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "cêng1",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "清"
}
],
"word": "徒然"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "徒然"
},
"expansion": "徒然",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "徒%然",
"2": "と%ぜん",
"gloss": "",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "徒(と)然(ぜん) (tozen)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "도연(徒然)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "徒然",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"pos": "",
"pos2": "",
"pos3": "",
"pos4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 도연(徒然) (doyeon)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "徒然",
"2": "と%ぜん",
"3": "도연",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "徒然",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "徒然",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "徒%然",
"v": "徒然",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (徒然):\n* → Japanese: 徒(と)然(ぜん) (tozen)\n* → Korean: 도연(徒然) (doyeon)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "と%ぜん",
"3": "도연",
"s": "徒%然"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (徒然):\n* → Japanese: 徒(と)然(ぜん) (tozen)\n* → Korean: 도연(徒然) (doyeon)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (徒然):\n* → Japanese: 徒(と)然(ぜん) (tozen)\n* → Korean: 도연(徒然) (doyeon)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "徒然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"futile; fruitless; in vain"
],
"id": "en-徒然-zh-adj-p1XErdyJ",
"links": [
[
"futile",
"futile"
],
[
"fruitless",
"fruitless"
],
[
"in vain",
"in vain"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "wǎngrán",
"word": "枉然"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨˊ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨˊ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tʻu²-jan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tú-rán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "twuran"
},
{
"roman": "tužanʹ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "тужань"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³⁵ ʐän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "徒然",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "突然",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ jin⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tòuh yìhn"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ jin⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯²¹ jiːn²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "tu^ˇ ien^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "tu² yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu¹¹ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "tu^ˇ (r)ian^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "tu² yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu¹¹ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
}
],
"word": "徒然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 徒",
"Chinese terms spelled with 然",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "徒然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"in vain; for no reason; for no purpose; for nothing; unsuccessfully"
],
"links": [
[
"in vain",
"in vain"
],
[
"reason",
"reason"
],
[
"purpose",
"purpose"
],
[
"nothing",
"nothing"
],
[
"unsuccessfully",
"unsuccessfully"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"merely; only"
],
"links": [
[
"merely",
"merely"
],
[
"only",
"only"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨˊ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨˊ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tʻu²-jan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tú-rán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "twuran"
},
{
"roman": "tužanʹ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "тужань"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³⁵ ʐän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "徒然",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "突然",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ jin⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tòuh yìhn"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ jin⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯²¹ jiːn²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "tu^ˇ ien^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "tu² yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu¹¹ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "tu^ˇ (r)ian^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "tu² yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu¹¹ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "báibái",
"sense": "in vain",
"word": "白白"
},
{
"sense": "in vain",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "干焦"
},
{
"sense": "in vain",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "干白"
},
{
"roman": "Suzhounese",
"word": "一塌括子 (7iq-thaeq7-khuaeq7-tsy3)"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"word": "僅僅"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"word": "仅仅"
},
{
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "儷是"
},
{
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "俪是"
},
{
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "則是"
},
{
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "则是"
},
{
"word": "只"
},
{
"roman": "zi2 hai6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只係"
},
{
"roman": "zi2 hai6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只系"
},
{
"roman": "zhǐshì",
"word": "只是"
},
{
"roman": "dānchún",
"word": "單純"
},
{
"roman": "dānchún",
"word": "单纯"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "孤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "孤啊"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "孤單"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "孤单"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "干焦"
},
{
"roman": "cêng1",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "清"
}
],
"word": "徒然"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 徒",
"Chinese terms spelled with 然",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "徒然"
},
"expansion": "徒然",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "徒%然",
"2": "と%ぜん",
"gloss": "",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "徒(と)然(ぜん) (tozen)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "도연(徒然)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "徒然",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"pos": "",
"pos2": "",
"pos3": "",
"pos4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 도연(徒然) (doyeon)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "徒然",
"2": "と%ぜん",
"3": "도연",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "徒然",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "徒然",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "徒%然",
"v": "徒然",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (徒然):\n* → Japanese: 徒(と)然(ぜん) (tozen)\n* → Korean: 도연(徒然) (doyeon)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "と%ぜん",
"3": "도연",
"s": "徒%然"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (徒然):\n* → Japanese: 徒(と)然(ぜん) (tozen)\n* → Korean: 도연(徒然) (doyeon)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (徒然):\n* → Japanese: 徒(と)然(ぜん) (tozen)\n* → Korean: 도연(徒然) (doyeon)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "徒然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"futile; fruitless; in vain"
],
"links": [
[
"futile",
"futile"
],
[
"fruitless",
"fruitless"
],
[
"in vain",
"in vain"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨˊ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨˊ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tʻu²-jan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tú-rán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "twuran"
},
{
"roman": "tužanʹ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "тужань"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³⁵ ʐän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "徒然",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "突然",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ jin⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tòuh yìhn"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ jin⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "tou⁴ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯²¹ jiːn²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yèn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "tu^ˇ ien^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "tu² yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu¹¹ i̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "thù-yàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "tu^ˇ (r)ian^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "tu² yan²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu¹¹ (j)i̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "wǎngrán",
"word": "枉然"
}
],
"word": "徒然"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 徒然 meaning in Chinese (9.5kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
"path": [
"徒然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "徒然",
"trace": "started on line 19, detected on line 19"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"徒然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "徒然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E5%83%85%E5%83%85'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"徒然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "adverb",
"title": "徒然",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (0c45963 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.