See rash in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rashly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rashness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "unrash"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ret-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rash"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rash",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rashe, rassh, rasshe",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*ræsċ",
"t": "rash"
},
"expansion": "Old English *ræsċ (“rash”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rask"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rask",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raskaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raskaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hreth₂-",
"t": "to run, roll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂- (“to run, roll”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "adverb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rashe",
"t": "quickly, rapidly"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rashe (“quickly, rapidly”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ras"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ras",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "rasch",
"t": "rash"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German rasch (“rash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "rask",
"t": "agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rask",
"t": "agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous; hasty, rash"
},
"expansion": "Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous; hasty, rash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "reski",
"t": "impetuous, rash"
},
"expansion": "Old High German reski (“impetuous, rash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "rasch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German rasch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "rasch"
},
"expansion": "German rasch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "rǫskr",
"t": "brave; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rǫskr (“brave; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "röskur",
"t": "strong; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic röskur (“strong; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "rasker",
"t": "agile, nimble; brave; fast; vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish rasker (“agile, nimble; brave; fast; vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rask",
"t": "agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English rash, rasch (“hasty, headstrong, rash”) [and other forms], probably from Old English *ræsċ (“rash”) (found in derivatives such as ræsċan (“to move rapidly; to flicker; to flash; to glitter; to quiver”), ræsċettan (“to crackle, sparkle”), etc.), from Proto-West Germanic *rask, *raskī, *rasku, from Proto-Germanic *raskaz, *raskuz, *raþskaz, *raþskuz (“rash; rapid”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂- (“to run, roll”). The Middle English word was probably influenced by the cognates listed below.\nThe adverb is derived from Middle English rashe (“quickly, rapidly”), from rash, rasch (adjective) (see above).\ncognates\n* Dutch ras, rasch (“rash”)\n* Middle Low German rasch (“rash”)\n* Old Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”) (modern Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous; hasty, rash”))\n* Old High German reski (“impetuous, rash”) (Middle High German rasch, resch (“agile, nimble; fast; lively; healthy, vigorous”), modern German rasch, räsch, resch (“agile, nimble; fast; hasty, rash; healthy, vigorous; of food: crisp, crusty”))\n* Old Norse rǫskr (“brave; healthy, vigorous”) (Icelandic röskur (“strong; healthy, vigorous”))\n* Old Swedish rasker (“agile, nimble; brave; fast; vigorous”) (modern Swedish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”))",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rasher",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "rashest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "rash (comparative rasher, superlative rashest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "prudent"
},
{
"word": "unrash"
},
{
"word": "shy"
},
{
"word": "timid"
},
{
"word": "cautious"
},
{
"word": "careful"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 2 1 3 7 3 11 2 11 10 2 8 0 2 0 0 1 12 0 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "en:Personality",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "rash words spoken in the heat of debate",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1563 March 30 (Gregorian calendar), John Foxe, “Examinations and Martyrdom of John Philpot”, in Actes and Monuments of These Latter and Perillous Dayes, […], London: […] Iohn Day, […], →OCLC, book V, page [1470]:",
"text": "[…] Eusebius doth report that Ireneus dyd reprooue Victor byshop of Rome for his rash sentēce in excōmunicating the Churches of Grece, concerning the obseruation of the feast of Easter.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1651, Thomas Hobbes, “Of Imagination”, in Leviathan, or The Matter, Forme, & Power of a Common-wealth Ecclesiasticall and Civill, London: […] [William Wilson] for Andrew Crooke, […], →OCLC, 1st part (Of Man), page 7:",
"text": "For ſitting in his [Marcus Junius Brutus's] tent, penſive and troubled vvith the horrour of his raſh act, it vvas not hard for him, ſlumbering in the cold, to dream of that vvhich moſt affrighted him; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1659, T[itus] Livius [i.e., Livy], “[Book X]”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Romane Historie […], London: […] W. Hunt, for George Sawbridge, […], →OCLC, page 310:",
"text": "[T]hrough the raſh adventure and fool-hardineſs of ſome fevv, an overture only made, and ſome advantage got of performing a great piece of ſervice and vvorthy exploit.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […].”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC, page 57, lines 8–9:",
"text": "I vvas a fool, too raſh, and quite miſtaken / In vvhat I thought vvould have ſucceeded beſt.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1761, [Laurence Sterne], “Slawkenbergius’s Tale”, in The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, volume IV, London: […] R[obert] and J[ames] Dodsley […], →OCLC, page 65:",
"text": "He will tell you in how few moments ſhe repented of the raſh meſſage ſhe had ſent you— […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1782, William Cowper, “Conversation”, in Poems, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, page 257:",
"text": "So ſhould an ideot vvhile at large he ſtrays, / Find the ſvveet lyre on vvhich an artiſt plays, / VVith raſh and aukvvard force the chords he ſhakes, / And grins vvith vvonder at the jar he makes; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1814, Dante Alighieri, “Canto V”, in H[enry] F[rancis] Cary, transl., The Vision; or, Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise, of Dante Alighieri. […], volume III (Paradise), London: […] [J. Barfield] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, pages 21–22, lines 63–68:",
"text": "Take then no vow at random: ta'en, with faith / Preserve it; yet not bent, as Jephthah once, / Blindly to execute a rash resolve, / Whom better it had suited to exclaim, / 'I have done ill,' than to redeem his pledge / By doing worse: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1928, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, chapter XVIII, in Lady Chatterley’s Lover, [Germany?]: Privately printed, →OCLC, page 283:",
"text": "She did a rash thing. She sent a letter to Ivy Bolton, enclosing a note to the keeper, and asking Mrs Bolton to give it to him.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks; not careful; hasty."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-adj-ALcw-90B",
"links": [
[
"Acting",
"act#Verb"
],
[
"quickly",
"quickly"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
],
[
"consequence",
"consequence"
],
[
"risks",
"risk#Noun"
],
[
"careful",
"careful"
],
[
"hasty",
"hasty"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "foolhardy"
},
{
"word": "heady"
},
{
"word": "impulsive"
},
{
"word": "precipitate"
},
{
"word": "reckless"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pribǎrzan",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "прибързан"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neobmislen",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "необмислен"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "arrauxat"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cāngcù",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "仓促"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zbrklý"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "forhastet"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "uoverlagt"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "onbezonnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "temerara"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "ajattelematon"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "hätäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "varomaton"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "hâtif"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "impulsif"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "voreilig"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "vorschnell"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "untilamalsks",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌻𐍃𐌺𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "itamós",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "ἰταμός"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "propetḗs",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "προπετής"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "elhamarkodott"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "meggondolatlan"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "könnyelmű"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "hirtelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "szeleburdi"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "felelőtlen"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "felszínes"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "felületes"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "elsietett"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "szeles"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "impulsiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "temerara"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "ainchríonna"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "andána"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "mear"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "affrettato"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "frettoloso"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "imprudente"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "impulsivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "precipitoso"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "matauaua"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "hardi"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "impensat"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "inconsiderat"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "precipitat"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "deli",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "دلی"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "hisabsız",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "حسابسز"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bi-ehtiyât",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "بیاحتیاط"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bi-havâ",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "بیهوا"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bi-mohâbâ",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "بیمحابا"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "onbesonnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "imprudente"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "precipitado"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oprométčivyj",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "опроме́тчивый"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pospéšnyj",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "поспе́шный"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "nepozorný"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "adelantado"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "arrojado"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "impulsivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "inconsiderado"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "precipitado"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "srn",
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "sondro fu denki fosi"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "förhastad"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 5 2 32",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "fazla aceleci"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern England English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of corn or other grains: so dry as to fall out of the ear with handling."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-adj-gPEVQ6Oo",
"links": [
[
"corn",
"corn#Noun"
],
[
"grains",
"grain#Noun"
],
[
"dry",
"dry#Adjective"
],
[
"fall out",
"fall out#Verb"
],
[
"ear",
"ear#Noun"
],
[
"handling",
"handling#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northern England, archaic) Of corn or other grains: so dry as to fall out of the ear with handling."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii]:",
"text": "My Lord, I ſcarce haue leiſure to ſalute you, / My matter is ſo raſh: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Requiring swift action; pressing; urgent."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-adj-B6xs15y7",
"links": [
[
"Requiring",
"require"
],
[
"swift",
"swift#Adjective"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"pressing",
"pressing#Adjective"
],
[
"urgent",
"urgent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, rare)",
"Requiring swift action; pressing; urgent."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 4 0 13 1 5 1 6 5 1 4 6 0 11 6 0 12 11 0 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 13 4 38 1 12 4 13 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 4 1 14 1 4 2 3 3 1 4 6 1 12 6 1 12 12 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 4 1 13 0 4 1 5 3 1 4 5 1 13 6 1 13 12 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 11 39 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 13 6 35 4 13 8 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 6 35 4 13 8 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 5 29 5 15 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 18 6 64 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 14 6 38 3 14 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 13 4 42 3 15 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 6 35 4 13 8 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 14 5 39 3 15 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 14 6 37 3 14 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 21 7 56 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gothic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 10 4 26 9 13 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 11 3 37 2 26 3 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 19 8 56 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 13 4 41 3 15 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 5 31 6 17 4 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 6 35 4 13 8 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 16 5 31 3 12 9 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 21 9 55 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 11 46 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 19 8 51 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 12 3 80 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 5 34 3 13 9 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 13 4 41 3 15 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 5 33 3 13 9 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 14 4 45 2 14 3 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 66 1 10 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sranan Tongo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 6 36 3 13 8 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 20 9 55 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1596–1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Second Part of Henrie the Fourth, […], quarto edition, London: […] V[alentine] S[immes] for Andrew Wise, and William Aspley, published 1600, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:",
"text": "[T]he vnited veſſel of their bloud, / […] / Shall neuer leake, though it doe vvorke as ſtrong, / As Aconitum, or raſh gunpovvder.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 280, column 1:",
"text": "Sir (my Lord) / I could doe this, and that vvith no raſh Potion, / But with a lingring Dram, that ſhould not vvorke / Maliciouſly, like Poyſon.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1875–1876, Gerard Manley Hopkins, “The Wreck of the Deutschland”, in Robert Bridges, editor, Poems of Gerard Manley Hopkins: Now First Published […], London: Humphrey Milford, published 1918, →OCLC, part 2, stanza 19, page 17:",
"text": "[T]he inboard seas run swirling and hawling; / The rash smart sloggering brine / Blinds her; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Taking effect quickly and strongly; fast-acting."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-adj-wTyDpDMr",
"links": [
[
"Taking effect",
"take effect"
],
[
"quickly",
"quickly"
],
[
"strongly",
"strongly"
],
[
"fast-acting",
"fast-acting"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, rare)",
"Taking effect quickly and strongly; fast-acting."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ret-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rash"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rash",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rashe, rassh, rasshe",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*ræsċ",
"t": "rash"
},
"expansion": "Old English *ræsċ (“rash”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rask"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rask",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raskaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raskaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hreth₂-",
"t": "to run, roll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂- (“to run, roll”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "adverb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rashe",
"t": "quickly, rapidly"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rashe (“quickly, rapidly”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ras"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ras",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "rasch",
"t": "rash"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German rasch (“rash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "rask",
"t": "agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rask",
"t": "agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous; hasty, rash"
},
"expansion": "Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous; hasty, rash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "reski",
"t": "impetuous, rash"
},
"expansion": "Old High German reski (“impetuous, rash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "rasch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German rasch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "rasch"
},
"expansion": "German rasch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "rǫskr",
"t": "brave; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rǫskr (“brave; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "röskur",
"t": "strong; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic röskur (“strong; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "rasker",
"t": "agile, nimble; brave; fast; vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish rasker (“agile, nimble; brave; fast; vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rask",
"t": "agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English rash, rasch (“hasty, headstrong, rash”) [and other forms], probably from Old English *ræsċ (“rash”) (found in derivatives such as ræsċan (“to move rapidly; to flicker; to flash; to glitter; to quiver”), ræsċettan (“to crackle, sparkle”), etc.), from Proto-West Germanic *rask, *raskī, *rasku, from Proto-Germanic *raskaz, *raskuz, *raþskaz, *raþskuz (“rash; rapid”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂- (“to run, roll”). The Middle English word was probably influenced by the cognates listed below.\nThe adverb is derived from Middle English rashe (“quickly, rapidly”), from rash, rasch (adjective) (see above).\ncognates\n* Dutch ras, rasch (“rash”)\n* Middle Low German rasch (“rash”)\n* Old Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”) (modern Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous; hasty, rash”))\n* Old High German reski (“impetuous, rash”) (Middle High German rasch, resch (“agile, nimble; fast; lively; healthy, vigorous”), modern German rasch, räsch, resch (“agile, nimble; fast; hasty, rash; healthy, vigorous; of food: crisp, crusty”))\n* Old Norse rǫskr (“brave; healthy, vigorous”) (Icelandic röskur (“strong; healthy, vigorous”))\n* Old Swedish rasker (“agile, nimble; brave; fast; vigorous”) (modern Swedish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”))",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more rash",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most rash",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rash (comparative more rash, superlative most rash)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1591, Ed[mund] Sp[enser], “Prosopopoia. Or Mother Hubberds Tale.”, in Complaints. Containing Sundrie Small Poemes of the Worlds Vanitie. […], London: […] William Ponsonbie, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Soft Gooddie Sheepe (then ſaid the Foxe) not ſoe: / Vnto the King ſo raſh ye may not goe, / He is vvith greater matter buſied, / Than a Lambe, or the Lambes ovvne mothers hed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv], page 327, column 2:",
"text": "VVhy do you ſpeake ſo ſtartingly and raſh?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1860, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], “To Garum Firs”, in The Mill on the Floss […], volume I, Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, book I (Boy and Girl), pages 178–179:",
"text": "But the right thing 'ud be for Tulliver to go and make it up with her himself, and say he was sorry for speaking so rash.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of rashly (“in a rash manner; hastily or without due consideration”)"
],
"id": "en-rash-en-adv-fNjwq2xV",
"links": [
[
"rashly",
"rashly#English"
],
[
"rash",
"rash#Adjective"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"hastily",
"hastily"
],
[
"due",
"due#Adjective"
],
[
"consideration",
"consideration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Synonym of rashly (“in a rash manner; hastily or without due consideration”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "in a rash manner; hastily or without due consideration",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "rashly"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "beard rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rashie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rashless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rashlike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "all over someone like a rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barber's rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bring out in a rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "butterfly rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "canker rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "diaper rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Disney rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "drug rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gum-rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hangar rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "heat rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hiker's rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hot water bottle rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "malar rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "mud wrestler's rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "napkin rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nappy rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nettle rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pash rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rash fever"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rashguard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rash up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rash vest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "reef rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rink rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "road rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rose rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "scarlet rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "stubble rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "summer rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "sweat rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tooth rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "viral rash"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "rasche"
},
"expansion": "Old French rasche",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*rāsicāre",
"t": "to scrape"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *rāsicāre (“to scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rāsus",
"t": "scraped, scratched; shaved"
},
"expansion": "Latin rāsus (“scraped, scratched; shaved”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "perfect",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "passive"
},
"expansion": "passive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "4"
},
"expansion": "⁴",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-",
"t": "to scrape, scratch; to gnaw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- (“to scrape, scratch; to gnaw”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rase",
"3": "raze"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of rase and raze",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "rash"
},
"expansion": "French rash",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "rasca"
},
"expansion": "Italian rasca",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "rasca",
"t": "skin eruption like scabies"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan rasca (“skin eruption like scabies”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Old French rasche, rache (“skin eruption, rash; (specifically) scabies, scurf”) (obsolete), from racher (“to scrape; to scratch”) (although this is only directly attested later than the noun), from Vulgar Latin *rāsicāre (“to scrape”), from Latin rāsus (“scraped, scratched; shaved”), the perfect passive participle of rādō (“to scrape, scratch; to shave; to rub, smooth; to brush along, graze”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- (“to scrape, scratch; to gnaw”). Doublet of rase and raze.\ncognates\n* French rash, rach (“skin eruption, rash”) (rare) (borrowed from English rash)\n* Italian rasca, raschia (“skin eruption like scabies”) (obsolete) (both borrowed from Old Occitan)\n* Old Occitan rasca (“skin eruption like scabies”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rashes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rash (plural rashes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Dermatology",
"orig": "en:Dermatology",
"parents": [
"Medicine",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medical signs and symptoms",
"orig": "en:Medical signs and symptoms",
"parents": [
"Health",
"Medicine",
"Body",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "43 17 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 14 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 13 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 11 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 12 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kaingang translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 12 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luhya translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 15 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 25 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 10 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 20 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 12 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 22 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tibetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 13 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 13 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 13 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He came out in a rash because of an allergy.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "She applied rash cream on herself to reduce the irritation.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "A wet cloth should help with the rash on your arm.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots that may be filled with fluid or pus; also, preceded by a descriptive word (rare or obsolete), an illness characterized by a type of rash."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-noun-wgBSTqkx",
"links": [
[
"dermatology",
"dermatology"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"inflamed",
"inflamed#Adjective"
],
[
"irritated",
"irritated#Adjective"
],
[
"skin",
"skin#Noun"
],
[
"characterize",
"characterize"
],
[
"reddened",
"reddened#Adjective"
],
[
"spots",
"spot#Noun"
],
[
"filled",
"fill#Verb"
],
[
"fluid",
"fluid#Noun"
],
[
"pus",
"pus#Noun"
],
[
"illness",
"illness"
],
[
"type",
"type#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dermatology, medicine) An area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots that may be filled with fluid or pus; also, preceded by a descriptive word (rare or obsolete), an illness characterized by a type of rash."
],
"topics": [
"dermatology",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭafḥ",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَفْح"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭafḥ jildiyy",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَفْح جِلْدِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "cʻan",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "ցան"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obriv",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "обрив"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brotada"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "can²",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "疹"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pízhěn",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "皮疹"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhěn",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "疹"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vyrážka"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "huiduitslag"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "uitslag"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "erupcio"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "ihottuma"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "ekseema"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "éruption"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "éruption cutanée"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "irritation (de la peau)"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coxo"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "erupción"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ausschlag"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hautausschlag"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "kiütés"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "bőrkiütés"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "pörsenés"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "iritifo"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "syyhelmä"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "eruzione cutanea"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sfogo cutaneo"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"alt": "はっしん, hasshin, ほっしん, hosshin",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "発疹"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"alt": "ひしん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hishin",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "皮疹"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "kgp",
"lang": "Kaingang",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "tuga"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kɑɑkɑntuəl",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "កន្ទួល"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "luy",
"lang": "Luhya",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "ohuseruha"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "sípka",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "си́пка"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "osip",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "осип"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "hakihaki"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "kirieke"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "kōpukupuku"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "mahaki"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "tongatonga uri"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "torotiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "tūtutupō"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "naʼakǫs"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "feu"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "utslett"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "utslett"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wysypka"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "erupção"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sypʹ",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сыпь"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vyrážka"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "izpuščaj"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "eflorescencia"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sarpullido"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "urticaria"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "srn",
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "krasikrasi"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "upele"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "utslag"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "pʉ̀ʉn",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "ผื่น"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "thor pa",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "ཐོར་པ"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "خارش"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "mụn"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "mẩn"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brech"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 6",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "krets",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קרעץ"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 17 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 14 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 13 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 11 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 12 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kaingang translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 12 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luhya translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 15 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 25 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 20 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 12 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 22 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tibetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 13 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 13 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 13 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An irregular distribution or sprinkling of objects resembling a rash (sense 1)."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-noun-ib25YzXC",
"links": [
[
"irregular",
"irregular#Adjective"
],
[
"distribution",
"distribution"
],
[
"sprinkling",
"sprinkling#Noun"
],
[
"objects",
"object#Noun"
],
[
"resembling",
"resemble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively)",
"An irregular distribution or sprinkling of objects resembling a rash (sense 1)."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 17 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 14 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 13 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 11 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 12 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kaingang translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 12 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luhya translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 15 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 25 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 10 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 20 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 12 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 22 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tibetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 13 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 13 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 13 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "There has been a rash of vandalism lately.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1854, Charles Dickens, “Lower and Lower”, in Hard Times. For These Times, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], →OCLC, book the second (Reaping), page 252:",
"text": "Wet through and through: with her feet squelching and squashing in her shoes whenever she moved; with a rash of rain upon her classical visage; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1964 July, “News and Comment: The Broad Street-Richmond line”, in Modern Railways, page 17:",
"text": "Until the recent rash of North London line maps appeared on station billboards in the London area of BR, the service undoubtedly suffered from meagre and ineffectual publicity.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019 April 25, Samanth Subramanian, “Hand dryers v paper towels: the surprisingly dirty fight for the right to dry your hands”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-01-31:",
"text": "Science has tried and failed to come to a consensus about the hygienic superiority of one product over the other. Even so, the paper towel industry has funded or promoted a rash of studies claiming that hand dryers turn bathrooms into mosh pits of pathogens.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An outbreak or surge in problems; a spate, string, or trend."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-noun-0z2j5yNU",
"links": [
[
"outbreak",
"outbreak#Noun"
],
[
"surge",
"surge#Noun"
],
[
"problems",
"problem#Noun"
],
[
"spate",
"spate"
],
[
"string",
"string#Noun"
],
[
"trend",
"trend#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively)",
"An outbreak or surge in problems; a spate, string, or trend."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "epidemic"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"word": "aalto"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épidémie"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "flambée"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"word": "fellángolás"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"word": "elterjedés"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"word": "kirobbanás"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"word": "kitörés"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lawina"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "surto"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vsplesk",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "всплеск"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vspýška",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "вспы́шка"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "erupción"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "våg"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "utbrott"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 95",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cawod"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rasch",
"t": "lightly woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric"
},
"expansion": "German Rasch (“lightly woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "arrasch",
"t": "arras"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German arrasch (“arras”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "drap de arraz"
},
"expansion": "Catalan drap de arraz",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "paño de ras",
"lit": "cloth of Arras"
},
"expansion": "Italian paño de ras (literally “cloth of Arras”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ras",
"t": "smooth fabric woven from silk"
},
"expansion": "Catalan ras (“smooth fabric woven from silk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rask",
"t": "thin, coarse woollen cloth usually made from worsted"
},
"expansion": "Danish rask (“thin, coarse woollen cloth usually made from worsted”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ras",
"t": "woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ras (“woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete",
"2": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete, rare)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "ras"
},
"expansion": "Middle French ras",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ras",
"t": "various types of short-nap cloth"
},
"expansion": "French ras (“various types of short-nap cloth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rasch"
},
"expansion": "German Rasch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Rasch",
"t": "lightly woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric"
},
"expansion": "Low German Rasch (“lightly woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic or historical"
},
"expansion": "(archaic or historical)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "raso",
"t": "smooth fabric woven from silk"
},
"expansion": "Italian raso (“smooth fabric woven from silk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "rasum",
"t": "some form of fabric"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin rasum (“some form of fabric”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "ras"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan ras",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "ras",
"t": "smooth fabric woven from silk"
},
"expansion": "Occitan ras (“smooth fabric woven from silk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "raso",
"t": "smooth fabric woven from silk; other types of fabric"
},
"expansion": "Spanish raso (“smooth fabric woven from silk; other types of fabric”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rask",
"t": "thin woollen cloth usually made from worsted; similar cloth made from silk"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rask (“thin woollen cloth usually made from worsted; similar cloth made from silk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; the word is similar to other words from Germanic or Romance languages listed in the table below, but the connection between the English word and those words is unclear. One suggestion is that they ultimately derive from the town of Arras in France, known for its cloth and wool industries (whence arras (“tapestry, wall hanging”)); compare German Rasch (“lightly woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric”) (said to be from Middle High German arrasch (“arras”), and ultimately from the name of the town), and the obsolete names for the fabric, Catalan drap de arraz, drap d'Arraç, Italian paño de ras (literally “cloth of Arras”). The Oxford English Dictionary states that even if rash did not originally derive from Arras, the name of the town could have influenced the English word.\npossible cognates\n* Catalan ras (“smooth fabric woven from silk”) (also raç (obsolete))\n* Danish rask (“thin, coarse woollen cloth usually made from worsted”) (also rasch (obsolete), derived from German)\n* Dutch ras (“woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric”) (also rasch (obsolete, rare), rass (obsolete))\n* Middle French ras (modern French ras (“various types of short-nap cloth”))\n* German Rasch, Low German Rasch (“lightly woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric”) (archaic or historical)\n* Italian raso (“smooth fabric woven from silk”), rascia (“serge”)\n* Late Latin rasum (“some form of fabric”), pannus rasus (“satin”)\n* Old Occitan ras (modern Occitan ras (“smooth fabric woven from silk”); also rac (obsolete))\n* Spanish raso (“smooth fabric woven from silk; other types of fabric”)\n* Swedish rask (“thin woollen cloth usually made from worsted; similar cloth made from silk”) (also rasch (archaic), rass (obsolete))",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "rash (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 3 1 9 1 4 1 4 12 3 3 5 1 11 4 1 11 12 1 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fabrics",
"orig": "en:Fabrics",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "cloth rash silk rash",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "p. 1597, J[ohn] Donne, “[Satyres] Satyre IIII”, in Poems, […] with Elegies on the Authors Death, London: […] M[iles] F[lesher] for Iohn Marriot, […], published 1633, →OCLC, page 338:",
"text": "Sleeveleſſe his jerkin vvas, and it had beene / Velvet, but 'tvvas novv (ſo much ground vvas ſeene) / Become Tufftaffatie; and our children ſhall / See it plaine Raſhe avvhile, or nought at all.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly preceded by a descriptive word: a fabric with a smooth texture woven from silk, worsted, or a mixture of the two, intended as an inferior substitute for silk."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-noun-SR5Quy44",
"links": [
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
],
[
"smooth",
"smooth#Adjective"
],
[
"texture",
"texture#Noun"
],
[
"woven",
"weave#Verb"
],
[
"silk",
"silk#Noun"
],
[
"worsted",
"worsted#Noun"
],
[
"mixture",
"mixture"
],
[
"two",
"two#Numeral"
],
[
"intend",
"intend"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior#Adjective"
],
[
"substitute",
"substitute#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Chiefly preceded by a descriptive word: a fabric with a smooth texture woven from silk, worsted, or a mixture of the two, intended as an inferior substitute for silk."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oxford English Dictionary"
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "imitative",
"2": "Imitative"
},
"expansion": "Imitative",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Imitative.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rashes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rash (plural rashes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1668 June 22 (first performance; Gregorian calendar), John Dryden, An Evening’s Love, or The Mock-Astrologer. […], In the Savoy [London]: […] T[homas] N[ewcomb] for Henry Herringman, […], published 1671, →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 3:",
"text": "Look on thoſe grave plodding fellovvs, […] I'll undertake three parts of four are going to their Courtezans. I tell thee, Jack, the vvhiſking of a Silk-Govvn, and the raſh of a Tabby-Pettycoat, are as comfortable ſounds to one of theſe rich Citizens, as the chink of their Pieces of Eight.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A soft crackling or rustling sound."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-noun-sQ3K69b5",
"links": [
[
"soft",
"soft#Adjective"
],
[
"crackling",
"crackle#Verb"
],
[
"rustling",
"rustle#Verb"
],
[
"sound",
"sound#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A soft crackling or rustling sound."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rashen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rashen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rachen, rasch",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ræscan",
"t": "to move rapidly; to flicker; to flash; to glitter; to quiver"
},
"expansion": "Old English ræscan (“to move rapidly; to flicker; to flash; to glitter; to quiver”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rasschen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rasschen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "raska",
"t": "to dislodge, displace; to stir up"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse raska (“to dislodge, displace; to stir up”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "raska",
"t": "to hurry; to act carelessly or hastily"
},
"expansion": "Swedish raska (“to hurry; to act carelessly or hastily”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English rashen, rassh (“to hasten, hurry, rush”) [and other forms], from Old English ræscan (“to move rapidly; to flicker; to flash; to glitter; to quiver”); see further at etymology 1.\nprobable cognates\n* Dutch rasschen, rassen (“to hasten, hurry, rush”) (obsolete)\n* Old Norse raska (“to dislodge, displace; to stir up”) (Swedish raska (“to hurry; to act carelessly or hastily”))",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rash (third-person singular simple present rashes, present participle rashing, simple past and past participle rashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1603–1606 (date written), [William Shakespeare], […] His True Chronicle Historie of the Life and Death of King Lear and His Three Daughters. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Nathaniel Butter, […], published 1608, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vii]:",
"text": "Reg[an]. VVherefore to Douer ſir? / Gloſt[er, i.e., Gloucester]. Becauſe I vvould not ſee thy cruell nayles / Pluck out his poore old eyes, nor thy fierce ſiſter / In his aurynted fleſh raſh boriſh phangs, […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To forcefully move or push (someone or something) in a certain direction."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-verb-RW45jiXf",
"links": [
[
"forcefully",
"forcefully"
],
[
"move",
"move#Verb"
],
[
"push",
"push#Verb"
],
[
"direction",
"direction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To forcefully move or push (someone or something) in a certain direction."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur Book XX, Chapter iv, leaf 401v:",
"text": "Fair lordes sayd syre Launcelot leue your noyse and your rassyng and I shalle sette open this dore and thenne may ye doo with me what it lyketh yow.\n\"Fair lords, said Sir Launcelot, leave your noise and your rashing, and I shall set open this door, and then may ye do with me what it liketh you.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break (something) forcefully; to smash."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-verb-qicjGeaX",
"links": [
[
"break",
"break#Verb"
],
[
"smash",
"smash#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To break (something) forcefully; to smash."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To emit or issue (something) hastily."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-verb-GLqiqgho",
"links": [
[
"emit",
"emit"
],
[
"issue",
"issue#Verb"
],
[
"hastily",
"hastily"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To emit or issue (something) hastily."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 4 0 13 1 5 1 6 5 1 4 6 0 11 6 0 12 11 0 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 4 1 14 1 4 2 3 3 1 4 6 1 12 6 1 12 12 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 4 1 13 0 4 1 5 3 1 4 5 1 13 6 1 13 12 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 1 9 1 4 1 4 12 3 3 5 1 11 4 1 11 12 1 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fabrics",
"orig": "en:Fabrics",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1610 October, John Foxe, “[Translation of a Letter of Huldricus Zuinglius, 1 September 1527 (Julian calendar)]”, in The Second Volume of the Ecclesiasticall Historie, Containing the Acts and Monuments of Martyrs, […], 6th edition, volume II, London: […] [Humphrey Lownes] for the Company of Stationers, →OCLC, book VIII, page 987, column 1:",
"text": "Retur[n]e to the places of Peter, the one in his firſt epiſtle, the other in the latter: and ſo be you contented with this preſent anſvver raſhed up in haſte.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Usually followed by up: to prepare (something) with haste; to cobble together, to improvise."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-verb-mjoV4EhF",
"links": [
[
"up",
"up#Preposition"
],
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
],
[
"haste",
"haste#Noun"
],
[
"cobble together",
"cobble together"
],
[
"improvise",
"improvise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(rare) Usually followed by up: to prepare (something) with haste; to cobble together, to improvise."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"rare",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To move forcefully, hastily, or suddenly; to dash, to rush."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-verb-7ZA7TO8j",
"links": [
[
"suddenly",
"suddenly"
],
[
"dash",
"dash#Verb"
],
[
"rush",
"rush#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"To move forcefully, hastily, or suddenly; to dash, to rush."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Of rain: to fall heavily."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-verb-9sG9IuyV",
"links": [
[
"rain",
"rain#Noun"
],
[
"fall",
"fall#Verb"
],
[
"heavily",
"heavily"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"Of rain: to fall heavily."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 4 0 13 1 5 1 6 5 1 4 6 0 11 6 0 12 11 0 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 4 1 14 1 4 2 3 3 1 4 6 1 12 6 1 12 12 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 4 1 13 0 4 1 5 3 1 4 5 1 13 6 1 13 12 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 1 9 1 4 1 4 12 3 3 5 1 11 4 1 11 12 1 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fabrics",
"orig": "en:Fabrics",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly followed by against, at, or upon: to collide or hit."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-verb-IrkBITQC",
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"upon",
"upon"
],
[
"collide",
"collide"
],
[
"hit",
"hit#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"Chiefly followed by against, at, or upon: to collide or hit."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wréh₂ds"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *wréh₂ds",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "aphetic"
},
"expansion": "aphetic",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "aracen",
"t": "to remove (something) by force, pluck or pull out, tear out; to grab; to lacerate; to flay or skin (an animal); to erase, obliterate"
},
"expansion": "Middle English aracen (“to remove (something) by force, pluck or pull out, tear out; to grab; to lacerate; to flay or skin (an animal); to erase, obliterate”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arachen, aras, arase, arasen, arracen",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "aracer"
},
"expansion": "Old French aracer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arracer, arracher, arrachier",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "racher"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman racher",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "arracher",
"t": "to pull up, tear out, uproot; to extract, take out (a tooth); to peel, pull off, rip off; to buy, snap up; to fight over; to tear (oneself) away from"
},
"expansion": "French arracher (“to pull up, tear out, uproot; to extract, take out (a tooth); to peel, pull off, rip off; to buy, snap up; to fight over; to tear (oneself) away from”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "exrādīcāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin exrādīcāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wréh₂ds",
"t": "root"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“root”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjugation"
},
"expansion": "conjugation",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *wréh₂ds\nProbably an aphetic form of arace (“to tear up by the roots; to draw away”) (obsolete), from Middle English aracen (“to remove (something) by force, pluck or pull out, tear out; to grab; to lacerate; to flay or skin (an animal); to erase, obliterate”) [and other forms], from Old French aracer, arachier (“to pull off (by physical force)”) [and other forms] (whence Anglo-Norman racher, aracher (“to pluck out, pull out”); modern French arracher (“to pull up, tear out, uproot; to extract, take out (a tooth); to peel, pull off, rip off; to buy, snap up; to fight over; to tear (oneself) away from”)), a variant of esrachier (“to eradicate, get rid of”), from Latin exrādīcāre, ērādīcāre, the present active infinitive of ērādīcō (“to root out; to annihilate, extirpate”), from ē- (a variant of ex- (prefix meaning ‘away; out’)) + rādīx (“root of a plant”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“root”)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rash (third-person singular simple present rashes, present participle rashing, simple past and past participle rashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 4 0 13 1 5 1 6 5 1 4 6 0 11 6 0 12 11 0 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 4 1 14 1 4 2 3 3 1 4 6 1 12 6 1 12 12 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 4 1 13 0 4 1 5 3 1 4 5 1 13 6 1 13 12 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 0 10 1 3 2 3 4 2 3 5 0 13 4 0 13 16 0 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anger",
"orig": "en:Anger",
"parents": [
"Emotions",
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 1 9 1 4 1 4 12 3 3 5 1 11 4 1 11 12 1 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fabrics",
"orig": "en:Fabrics",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto III”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 8, page 214:",
"text": "There Marinell great deeds of armes did ſhevv; / And through the thickeſt like a Lyon flevv, / Raſhing off helmes, and ryuing plates a ſonder, / That euery one his daunger did eſchevv.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Ninth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 496, lines 1094–1095:",
"text": "His Creſt is raſh'd away; his ample Shield / Is falſify'd and round with Jav'lins fill'd.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly followed by away, down, off, out, etc.: to pluck, pull, or rip (something) violently."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-verb-yAUInqYl",
"links": [
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"down",
"down#Preposition"
],
[
"off",
"off#Preposition"
],
[
"out",
"out#Preposition"
],
[
"pluck",
"pluck#Verb"
],
[
"pull",
"pull#Verb"
],
[
"rip",
"rip#Verb"
],
[
"violently",
"violently"
]
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"etymology_number": 7,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rasen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rasen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "raas, race, ras, rasse, rese",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "raser"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman raser",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "raser",
"t": "to shave; to touch lightly, graze; to level off (grain, etc.) in a measure; to demolish, tear down; to erase; to polish; to wear down"
},
"expansion": "Old French raser (“to shave; to touch lightly, graze; to level off (grain, etc.) in a measure; to demolish, tear down; to erase; to polish; to wear down”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*raso",
"t": "to shave; to scrape; to scratch; to touch lightly, graze"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *raso (“to shave; to scrape; to scratch; to touch lightly, graze”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rāsus",
"t": "scraped; shaved"
},
"expansion": "Latin rāsus (“scraped; shaved”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably a variant of race, raze (“to demolish; to destroy, obliterate; to scrape as if with a razor”), possibly modelled after rash (etymology 5 or etymology 6). Raze is derived from Middle English rasen, racen, rase (“to scrape; to shave; to erase; to pull; to strip off; to pluck or tear out; to root out (a tree, etc.); to pull away, snatch; to pull down; to knock down; to rend, tear apart; to pick clean, strip; to cleave, slice; to sever; to lacerate; to pierce; to carve, engrave; to dig; (figuratively) to expunge, obliterate; to alter”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman raser, rasere, rasser, Middle French, Old French raser (“to shave; to touch lightly, graze; to level off (grain, etc.) in a measure; to demolish, tear down; to erase; to polish; to wear down”), from Vulgar Latin *raso (“to shave; to scrape; to scratch; to touch lightly, graze”), from Latin rāsus (“scraped; shaved”); see further at etymology 2.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rash (third-person singular simple present rashes, present participle rashing, simple past and past participle rashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 17, page 26:",
"text": "And dravving both their ſvvords vvith rage extreme, / Like tvvo mad maſtiffes each on other flevv, / And ſhields did ſhare, & mailes did raſh, and helmes did hevv.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1599 (first performance), B. I. [i.e., Ben Jonson], The Comicall Satyre of Euery Man out of His Humor. […], London: […] [Adam Islip] for William Holme, […], published 1600, →OCLC, Act IV, scene iii, signature N, recto:",
"text": "[N]ovv he, comes violently on, and vvithall advancing his Rapier to ſtrike, […] Sir, I miſt my purpoſe in his arme, raſht his doublet ſleeue, ran him cloſe by the left cheeke, and through his haire: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hack, slash, or slice (something)."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-verb-VHureFH2",
"links": [
[
"hack",
"hack#Verb"
],
[
"slash",
"slash#Verb"
],
[
"slice",
"slice#Verb"
]
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 4 0 13 1 5 1 6 5 1 4 6 0 11 6 0 12 11 0 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 4 1 14 1 4 2 3 3 1 4 6 1 12 6 1 12 12 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 4 1 13 0 4 1 5 3 1 4 5 1 13 6 1 13 12 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 1 9 1 4 1 4 12 3 3 5 1 11 4 1 11 12 1 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fabrics",
"orig": "en:Fabrics",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly followed by out: to scrape or scratch (something); to obliterate."
],
"id": "en-rash-en-verb-AQPXkhl9",
"links": [
[
"out",
"out#Preposition"
],
[
"scrape",
"scrape#Verb"
],
[
"scratch",
"scratch#Verb"
],
[
"obliterate",
"obliterate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Chiefly followed by out: to scrape or scratch (something); to obliterate."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English obsolete terms",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ret-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English transitive verbs",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Sranan Tongo translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"en:Anger",
"en:Fabrics",
"en:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rashly"
},
{
"word": "rashness"
},
{
"word": "unrash"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ret-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rash"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rash",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rashe, rassh, rasshe",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*ræsċ",
"t": "rash"
},
"expansion": "Old English *ræsċ (“rash”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rask"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rask",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raskaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raskaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hreth₂-",
"t": "to run, roll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂- (“to run, roll”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "adverb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rashe",
"t": "quickly, rapidly"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rashe (“quickly, rapidly”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ras"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ras",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "rasch",
"t": "rash"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German rasch (“rash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "rask",
"t": "agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rask",
"t": "agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous; hasty, rash"
},
"expansion": "Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous; hasty, rash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "reski",
"t": "impetuous, rash"
},
"expansion": "Old High German reski (“impetuous, rash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "rasch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German rasch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "rasch"
},
"expansion": "German rasch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "rǫskr",
"t": "brave; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rǫskr (“brave; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "röskur",
"t": "strong; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic röskur (“strong; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "rasker",
"t": "agile, nimble; brave; fast; vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish rasker (“agile, nimble; brave; fast; vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rask",
"t": "agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English rash, rasch (“hasty, headstrong, rash”) [and other forms], probably from Old English *ræsċ (“rash”) (found in derivatives such as ræsċan (“to move rapidly; to flicker; to flash; to glitter; to quiver”), ræsċettan (“to crackle, sparkle”), etc.), from Proto-West Germanic *rask, *raskī, *rasku, from Proto-Germanic *raskaz, *raskuz, *raþskaz, *raþskuz (“rash; rapid”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂- (“to run, roll”). The Middle English word was probably influenced by the cognates listed below.\nThe adverb is derived from Middle English rashe (“quickly, rapidly”), from rash, rasch (adjective) (see above).\ncognates\n* Dutch ras, rasch (“rash”)\n* Middle Low German rasch (“rash”)\n* Old Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”) (modern Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous; hasty, rash”))\n* Old High German reski (“impetuous, rash”) (Middle High German rasch, resch (“agile, nimble; fast; lively; healthy, vigorous”), modern German rasch, räsch, resch (“agile, nimble; fast; hasty, rash; healthy, vigorous; of food: crisp, crusty”))\n* Old Norse rǫskr (“brave; healthy, vigorous”) (Icelandic röskur (“strong; healthy, vigorous”))\n* Old Swedish rasker (“agile, nimble; brave; fast; vigorous”) (modern Swedish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”))",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rasher",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "rashest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "rash (comparative rasher, superlative rashest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "prudent"
},
{
"word": "unrash"
},
{
"word": "shy"
},
{
"word": "timid"
},
{
"word": "cautious"
},
{
"word": "careful"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "rash words spoken in the heat of debate",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1563 March 30 (Gregorian calendar), John Foxe, “Examinations and Martyrdom of John Philpot”, in Actes and Monuments of These Latter and Perillous Dayes, […], London: […] Iohn Day, […], →OCLC, book V, page [1470]:",
"text": "[…] Eusebius doth report that Ireneus dyd reprooue Victor byshop of Rome for his rash sentēce in excōmunicating the Churches of Grece, concerning the obseruation of the feast of Easter.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1651, Thomas Hobbes, “Of Imagination”, in Leviathan, or The Matter, Forme, & Power of a Common-wealth Ecclesiasticall and Civill, London: […] [William Wilson] for Andrew Crooke, […], →OCLC, 1st part (Of Man), page 7:",
"text": "For ſitting in his [Marcus Junius Brutus's] tent, penſive and troubled vvith the horrour of his raſh act, it vvas not hard for him, ſlumbering in the cold, to dream of that vvhich moſt affrighted him; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1659, T[itus] Livius [i.e., Livy], “[Book X]”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Romane Historie […], London: […] W. Hunt, for George Sawbridge, […], →OCLC, page 310:",
"text": "[T]hrough the raſh adventure and fool-hardineſs of ſome fevv, an overture only made, and ſome advantage got of performing a great piece of ſervice and vvorthy exploit.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […].”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC, page 57, lines 8–9:",
"text": "I vvas a fool, too raſh, and quite miſtaken / In vvhat I thought vvould have ſucceeded beſt.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1761, [Laurence Sterne], “Slawkenbergius’s Tale”, in The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, volume IV, London: […] R[obert] and J[ames] Dodsley […], →OCLC, page 65:",
"text": "He will tell you in how few moments ſhe repented of the raſh meſſage ſhe had ſent you— […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1782, William Cowper, “Conversation”, in Poems, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, page 257:",
"text": "So ſhould an ideot vvhile at large he ſtrays, / Find the ſvveet lyre on vvhich an artiſt plays, / VVith raſh and aukvvard force the chords he ſhakes, / And grins vvith vvonder at the jar he makes; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1814, Dante Alighieri, “Canto V”, in H[enry] F[rancis] Cary, transl., The Vision; or, Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise, of Dante Alighieri. […], volume III (Paradise), London: […] [J. Barfield] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, pages 21–22, lines 63–68:",
"text": "Take then no vow at random: ta'en, with faith / Preserve it; yet not bent, as Jephthah once, / Blindly to execute a rash resolve, / Whom better it had suited to exclaim, / 'I have done ill,' than to redeem his pledge / By doing worse: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1928, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, chapter XVIII, in Lady Chatterley’s Lover, [Germany?]: Privately printed, →OCLC, page 283:",
"text": "She did a rash thing. She sent a letter to Ivy Bolton, enclosing a note to the keeper, and asking Mrs Bolton to give it to him.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks; not careful; hasty."
],
"links": [
[
"Acting",
"act#Verb"
],
[
"quickly",
"quickly"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
],
[
"consequence",
"consequence"
],
[
"risks",
"risk#Noun"
],
[
"careful",
"careful"
],
[
"hasty",
"hasty"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "foolhardy"
},
{
"word": "heady"
},
{
"word": "impulsive"
},
{
"word": "precipitate"
},
{
"word": "reckless"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"Northern England English"
],
"glosses": [
"Of corn or other grains: so dry as to fall out of the ear with handling."
],
"links": [
[
"corn",
"corn#Noun"
],
[
"grains",
"grain#Noun"
],
[
"dry",
"dry#Adjective"
],
[
"fall out",
"fall out#Verb"
],
[
"ear",
"ear#Noun"
],
[
"handling",
"handling#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northern England, archaic) Of corn or other grains: so dry as to fall out of the ear with handling."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii]:",
"text": "My Lord, I ſcarce haue leiſure to ſalute you, / My matter is ſo raſh: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Requiring swift action; pressing; urgent."
],
"links": [
[
"Requiring",
"require"
],
[
"swift",
"swift#Adjective"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"pressing",
"pressing#Adjective"
],
[
"urgent",
"urgent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, rare)",
"Requiring swift action; pressing; urgent."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1596–1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Second Part of Henrie the Fourth, […], quarto edition, London: […] V[alentine] S[immes] for Andrew Wise, and William Aspley, published 1600, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:",
"text": "[T]he vnited veſſel of their bloud, / […] / Shall neuer leake, though it doe vvorke as ſtrong, / As Aconitum, or raſh gunpovvder.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 280, column 1:",
"text": "Sir (my Lord) / I could doe this, and that vvith no raſh Potion, / But with a lingring Dram, that ſhould not vvorke / Maliciouſly, like Poyſon.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1875–1876, Gerard Manley Hopkins, “The Wreck of the Deutschland”, in Robert Bridges, editor, Poems of Gerard Manley Hopkins: Now First Published […], London: Humphrey Milford, published 1918, →OCLC, part 2, stanza 19, page 17:",
"text": "[T]he inboard seas run swirling and hawling; / The rash smart sloggering brine / Blinds her; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Taking effect quickly and strongly; fast-acting."
],
"links": [
[
"Taking effect",
"take effect"
],
[
"quickly",
"quickly"
],
[
"strongly",
"strongly"
],
[
"fast-acting",
"fast-acting"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, rare)",
"Taking effect quickly and strongly; fast-acting."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pribǎrzan",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "прибързан"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neobmislen",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "необмислен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "arrauxat"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cāngcù",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "仓促"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zbrklý"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "forhastet"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "uoverlagt"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "onbezonnen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "temerara"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "ajattelematon"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "hätäinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "varomaton"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "hâtif"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "impulsif"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "voreilig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "vorschnell"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "untilamalsks",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌻𐍃𐌺𐍃"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "itamós",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "ἰταμός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "propetḗs",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "προπετής"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "elhamarkodott"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "meggondolatlan"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "könnyelmű"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "hirtelen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "szeleburdi"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "felelőtlen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "felszínes"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "felületes"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "elsietett"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "szeles"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "impulsiva"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "temerara"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "ainchríonna"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "andána"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "mear"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "affrettato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "frettoloso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "imprudente"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "impulsivo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "precipitoso"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "matauaua"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "hardi"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "impensat"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "inconsiderat"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "precipitat"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "deli",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "دلی"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "hisabsız",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "حسابسز"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bi-ehtiyât",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "بیاحتیاط"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bi-havâ",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "بیهوا"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bi-mohâbâ",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "بیمحابا"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "onbesonnen"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "imprudente"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "precipitado"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oprométčivyj",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "опроме́тчивый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pospéšnyj",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "поспе́шный"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "nepozorný"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "adelantado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "arrojado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "impulsivo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "inconsiderado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "precipitado"
},
{
"code": "srn",
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "sondro fu denki fosi"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "förhastad"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "acting too quickly without considering the consequences and risks — see also hasty",
"word": "fazla aceleci"
}
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English obsolete terms",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ret-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English transitive verbs",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Sranan Tongo translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"en:Anger",
"en:Fabrics",
"en:Personality"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ret-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rash"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rash",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rashe, rassh, rasshe",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*ræsċ",
"t": "rash"
},
"expansion": "Old English *ræsċ (“rash”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rask"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rask",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raskaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raskaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hreth₂-",
"t": "to run, roll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂- (“to run, roll”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "adverb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rashe",
"t": "quickly, rapidly"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rashe (“quickly, rapidly”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ras"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ras",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "rasch",
"t": "rash"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German rasch (“rash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "rask",
"t": "agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rask",
"t": "agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous; hasty, rash"
},
"expansion": "Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous; hasty, rash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "reski",
"t": "impetuous, rash"
},
"expansion": "Old High German reski (“impetuous, rash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "rasch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German rasch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "rasch"
},
"expansion": "German rasch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "rǫskr",
"t": "brave; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rǫskr (“brave; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "röskur",
"t": "strong; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic röskur (“strong; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "rasker",
"t": "agile, nimble; brave; fast; vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish rasker (“agile, nimble; brave; fast; vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rask",
"t": "agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English rash, rasch (“hasty, headstrong, rash”) [and other forms], probably from Old English *ræsċ (“rash”) (found in derivatives such as ræsċan (“to move rapidly; to flicker; to flash; to glitter; to quiver”), ræsċettan (“to crackle, sparkle”), etc.), from Proto-West Germanic *rask, *raskī, *rasku, from Proto-Germanic *raskaz, *raskuz, *raþskaz, *raþskuz (“rash; rapid”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂- (“to run, roll”). The Middle English word was probably influenced by the cognates listed below.\nThe adverb is derived from Middle English rashe (“quickly, rapidly”), from rash, rasch (adjective) (see above).\ncognates\n* Dutch ras, rasch (“rash”)\n* Middle Low German rasch (“rash”)\n* Old Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”) (modern Danish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous; hasty, rash”))\n* Old High German reski (“impetuous, rash”) (Middle High German rasch, resch (“agile, nimble; fast; lively; healthy, vigorous”), modern German rasch, räsch, resch (“agile, nimble; fast; hasty, rash; healthy, vigorous; of food: crisp, crusty”))\n* Old Norse rǫskr (“brave; healthy, vigorous”) (Icelandic röskur (“strong; healthy, vigorous”))\n* Old Swedish rasker (“agile, nimble; brave; fast; vigorous”) (modern Swedish rask (“agile, nimble; fast; healthy, vigorous”))",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more rash",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most rash",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rash (comparative more rash, superlative most rash)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1591, Ed[mund] Sp[enser], “Prosopopoia. Or Mother Hubberds Tale.”, in Complaints. Containing Sundrie Small Poemes of the Worlds Vanitie. […], London: […] William Ponsonbie, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Soft Gooddie Sheepe (then ſaid the Foxe) not ſoe: / Vnto the King ſo raſh ye may not goe, / He is vvith greater matter buſied, / Than a Lambe, or the Lambes ovvne mothers hed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv], page 327, column 2:",
"text": "VVhy do you ſpeake ſo ſtartingly and raſh?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1860, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], “To Garum Firs”, in The Mill on the Floss […], volume I, Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, book I (Boy and Girl), pages 178–179:",
"text": "But the right thing 'ud be for Tulliver to go and make it up with her himself, and say he was sorry for speaking so rash.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of rashly (“in a rash manner; hastily or without due consideration”)"
],
"links": [
[
"rashly",
"rashly#English"
],
[
"rash",
"rash#Adjective"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"hastily",
"hastily"
],
[
"due",
"due#Adjective"
],
[
"consideration",
"consideration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Synonym of rashly (“in a rash manner; hastily or without due consideration”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "in a rash manner; hastily or without due consideration",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "rashly"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English obsolete terms",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *reh₁d-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English transitive verbs",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kaingang translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Luhya translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Sranan Tongo translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Anger",
"en:Fabrics",
"en:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "beard rash"
},
{
"word": "rashie"
},
{
"word": "rashless"
},
{
"word": "rashlike"
},
{
"word": "all over someone like a rash"
},
{
"word": "barber's rash"
},
{
"word": "bring out in a rash"
},
{
"word": "butterfly rash"
},
{
"word": "canker rash"
},
{
"word": "diaper rash"
},
{
"word": "Disney rash"
},
{
"word": "drug rash"
},
{
"word": "gum-rash"
},
{
"word": "hangar rash"
},
{
"word": "heat rash"
},
{
"word": "hiker's rash"
},
{
"word": "hot water bottle rash"
},
{
"word": "malar rash"
},
{
"word": "mud wrestler's rash"
},
{
"word": "napkin rash"
},
{
"word": "nappy rash"
},
{
"word": "nettle rash"
},
{
"word": "pash rash"
},
{
"word": "rash fever"
},
{
"word": "rashguard"
},
{
"word": "rash up"
},
{
"word": "rash vest"
},
{
"word": "reef rash"
},
{
"word": "rink rash"
},
{
"word": "road rash"
},
{
"word": "rose rash"
},
{
"word": "scarlet rash"
},
{
"word": "stubble rash"
},
{
"word": "summer rash"
},
{
"word": "sweat rash"
},
{
"word": "tooth rash"
},
{
"word": "viral rash"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "rasche"
},
"expansion": "Old French rasche",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*rāsicāre",
"t": "to scrape"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *rāsicāre (“to scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rāsus",
"t": "scraped, scratched; shaved"
},
"expansion": "Latin rāsus (“scraped, scratched; shaved”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "perfect",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "passive"
},
"expansion": "passive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "4"
},
"expansion": "⁴",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-",
"t": "to scrape, scratch; to gnaw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- (“to scrape, scratch; to gnaw”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rase",
"3": "raze"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of rase and raze",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "rash"
},
"expansion": "French rash",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "rasca"
},
"expansion": "Italian rasca",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "rasca",
"t": "skin eruption like scabies"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan rasca (“skin eruption like scabies”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Old French rasche, rache (“skin eruption, rash; (specifically) scabies, scurf”) (obsolete), from racher (“to scrape; to scratch”) (although this is only directly attested later than the noun), from Vulgar Latin *rāsicāre (“to scrape”), from Latin rāsus (“scraped, scratched; shaved”), the perfect passive participle of rādō (“to scrape, scratch; to shave; to rub, smooth; to brush along, graze”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- (“to scrape, scratch; to gnaw”). Doublet of rase and raze.\ncognates\n* French rash, rach (“skin eruption, rash”) (rare) (borrowed from English rash)\n* Italian rasca, raschia (“skin eruption like scabies”) (obsolete) (both borrowed from Old Occitan)\n* Old Occitan rasca (“skin eruption like scabies”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rashes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rash (plural rashes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Dermatology",
"en:Medical signs and symptoms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He came out in a rash because of an allergy.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "She applied rash cream on herself to reduce the irritation.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "A wet cloth should help with the rash on your arm.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots that may be filled with fluid or pus; also, preceded by a descriptive word (rare or obsolete), an illness characterized by a type of rash."
],
"links": [
[
"dermatology",
"dermatology"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"inflamed",
"inflamed#Adjective"
],
[
"irritated",
"irritated#Adjective"
],
[
"skin",
"skin#Noun"
],
[
"characterize",
"characterize"
],
[
"reddened",
"reddened#Adjective"
],
[
"spots",
"spot#Noun"
],
[
"filled",
"fill#Verb"
],
[
"fluid",
"fluid#Noun"
],
[
"pus",
"pus#Noun"
],
[
"illness",
"illness"
],
[
"type",
"type#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dermatology, medicine) An area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots that may be filled with fluid or pus; also, preceded by a descriptive word (rare or obsolete), an illness characterized by a type of rash."
],
"topics": [
"dermatology",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An irregular distribution or sprinkling of objects resembling a rash (sense 1)."
],
"links": [
[
"irregular",
"irregular#Adjective"
],
[
"distribution",
"distribution"
],
[
"sprinkling",
"sprinkling#Noun"
],
[
"objects",
"object#Noun"
],
[
"resembling",
"resemble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively)",
"An irregular distribution or sprinkling of objects resembling a rash (sense 1)."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "There has been a rash of vandalism lately.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1854, Charles Dickens, “Lower and Lower”, in Hard Times. For These Times, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], →OCLC, book the second (Reaping), page 252:",
"text": "Wet through and through: with her feet squelching and squashing in her shoes whenever she moved; with a rash of rain upon her classical visage; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1964 July, “News and Comment: The Broad Street-Richmond line”, in Modern Railways, page 17:",
"text": "Until the recent rash of North London line maps appeared on station billboards in the London area of BR, the service undoubtedly suffered from meagre and ineffectual publicity.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019 April 25, Samanth Subramanian, “Hand dryers v paper towels: the surprisingly dirty fight for the right to dry your hands”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-01-31:",
"text": "Science has tried and failed to come to a consensus about the hygienic superiority of one product over the other. Even so, the paper towel industry has funded or promoted a rash of studies claiming that hand dryers turn bathrooms into mosh pits of pathogens.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An outbreak or surge in problems; a spate, string, or trend."
],
"links": [
[
"outbreak",
"outbreak#Noun"
],
[
"surge",
"surge#Noun"
],
[
"problems",
"problem#Noun"
],
[
"spate",
"spate"
],
[
"string",
"string#Noun"
],
[
"trend",
"trend#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively)",
"An outbreak or surge in problems; a spate, string, or trend."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "epidemic"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭafḥ",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَفْح"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭafḥ jildiyy",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَفْح جِلْدِيّ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "cʻan",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "ցան"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obriv",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "обрив"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brotada"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "can²",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "疹"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pízhěn",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "皮疹"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhěn",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "疹"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vyrážka"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "huiduitslag"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "uitslag"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "erupcio"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "ihottuma"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "ekseema"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "éruption"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "éruption cutanée"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "irritation (de la peau)"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coxo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "erupción"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ausschlag"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hautausschlag"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "kiütés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "bőrkiütés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "pörsenés"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "iritifo"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "syyhelmä"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "eruzione cutanea"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sfogo cutaneo"
},
{
"alt": "はっしん, hasshin, ほっしん, hosshin",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "発疹"
},
{
"alt": "ひしん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hishin",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "皮疹"
},
{
"code": "kgp",
"lang": "Kaingang",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "tuga"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kɑɑkɑntuəl",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "កន្ទួល"
},
{
"code": "luy",
"lang": "Luhya",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "ohuseruha"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "sípka",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "си́пка"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "osip",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "осип"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "hakihaki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "kirieke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "kōpukupuku"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "mahaki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "tongatonga uri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "torotiti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "tūtutupō"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "naʼakǫs"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "feu"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "utslett"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "utslett"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wysypka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "erupção"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sypʹ",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сыпь"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vyrážka"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "izpuščaj"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "eflorescencia"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sarpullido"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "urticaria"
},
{
"code": "srn",
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "krasikrasi"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "upele"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "utslag"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "pʉ̀ʉn",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "ผื่น"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "thor pa",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "ཐོར་པ"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "خارش"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "mụn"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"word": "mẩn"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brech"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "krets",
"sense": "area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קרעץ"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"word": "aalto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épidémie"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "flambée"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"word": "fellángolás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"word": "elterjedés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"word": "kirobbanás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"word": "kitörés"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lawina"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "surto"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vsplesk",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "всплеск"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vspýška",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "вспы́шка"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "erupción"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "våg"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "utbrott"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "outbreak or surge in problems",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cawod"
}
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English obsolete terms",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English transitive verbs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"en:Anger",
"en:Fabrics",
"en:Personality"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rasch",
"t": "lightly woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric"
},
"expansion": "German Rasch (“lightly woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "arrasch",
"t": "arras"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German arrasch (“arras”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "drap de arraz"
},
"expansion": "Catalan drap de arraz",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "paño de ras",
"lit": "cloth of Arras"
},
"expansion": "Italian paño de ras (literally “cloth of Arras”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ras",
"t": "smooth fabric woven from silk"
},
"expansion": "Catalan ras (“smooth fabric woven from silk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rask",
"t": "thin, coarse woollen cloth usually made from worsted"
},
"expansion": "Danish rask (“thin, coarse woollen cloth usually made from worsted”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ras",
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},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete",
"2": "rare"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "ras"
},
"expansion": "Middle French ras",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ras",
"t": "various types of short-nap cloth"
},
"expansion": "French ras (“various types of short-nap cloth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rasch"
},
"expansion": "German Rasch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Rasch",
"t": "lightly woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric"
},
"expansion": "Low German Rasch (“lightly woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic or historical"
},
"expansion": "(archaic or historical)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "raso",
"t": "smooth fabric woven from silk"
},
"expansion": "Italian raso (“smooth fabric woven from silk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "rasum",
"t": "some form of fabric"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin rasum (“some form of fabric”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "ras"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan ras",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "ras",
"t": "smooth fabric woven from silk"
},
"expansion": "Occitan ras (“smooth fabric woven from silk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "raso",
"t": "smooth fabric woven from silk; other types of fabric"
},
"expansion": "Spanish raso (“smooth fabric woven from silk; other types of fabric”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rask",
"t": "thin woollen cloth usually made from worsted; similar cloth made from silk"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rask (“thin woollen cloth usually made from worsted; similar cloth made from silk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; the word is similar to other words from Germanic or Romance languages listed in the table below, but the connection between the English word and those words is unclear. One suggestion is that they ultimately derive from the town of Arras in France, known for its cloth and wool industries (whence arras (“tapestry, wall hanging”)); compare German Rasch (“lightly woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric”) (said to be from Middle High German arrasch (“arras”), and ultimately from the name of the town), and the obsolete names for the fabric, Catalan drap de arraz, drap d'Arraç, Italian paño de ras (literally “cloth of Arras”). The Oxford English Dictionary states that even if rash did not originally derive from Arras, the name of the town could have influenced the English word.\npossible cognates\n* Catalan ras (“smooth fabric woven from silk”) (also raç (obsolete))\n* Danish rask (“thin, coarse woollen cloth usually made from worsted”) (also rasch (obsolete), derived from German)\n* Dutch ras (“woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric”) (also rasch (obsolete, rare), rass (obsolete))\n* Middle French ras (modern French ras (“various types of short-nap cloth”))\n* German Rasch, Low German Rasch (“lightly woven silk or (usually) worsted fabric”) (archaic or historical)\n* Italian raso (“smooth fabric woven from silk”), rascia (“serge”)\n* Late Latin rasum (“some form of fabric”), pannus rasus (“satin”)\n* Old Occitan ras (modern Occitan ras (“smooth fabric woven from silk”); also rac (obsolete))\n* Spanish raso (“smooth fabric woven from silk; other types of fabric”)\n* Swedish rask (“thin woollen cloth usually made from worsted; similar cloth made from silk”) (also rasch (archaic), rass (obsolete))",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "rash (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "cloth rash silk rash",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "p. 1597, J[ohn] Donne, “[Satyres] Satyre IIII”, in Poems, […] with Elegies on the Authors Death, London: […] M[iles] F[lesher] for Iohn Marriot, […], published 1633, →OCLC, page 338:",
"text": "Sleeveleſſe his jerkin vvas, and it had beene / Velvet, but 'tvvas novv (ſo much ground vvas ſeene) / Become Tufftaffatie; and our children ſhall / See it plaine Raſhe avvhile, or nought at all.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly preceded by a descriptive word: a fabric with a smooth texture woven from silk, worsted, or a mixture of the two, intended as an inferior substitute for silk."
],
"links": [
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
],
[
"smooth",
"smooth#Adjective"
],
[
"texture",
"texture#Noun"
],
[
"woven",
"weave#Verb"
],
[
"silk",
"silk#Noun"
],
[
"worsted",
"worsted#Noun"
],
[
"mixture",
"mixture"
],
[
"two",
"two#Numeral"
],
[
"intend",
"intend"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior#Adjective"
],
[
"substitute",
"substitute#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Chiefly preceded by a descriptive word: a fabric with a smooth texture woven from silk, worsted, or a mixture of the two, intended as an inferior substitute for silk."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oxford English Dictionary"
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English obsolete terms",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English transitive verbs",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"en:Anger",
"en:Fabrics",
"en:Personality"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
"1": "imitative",
"2": "Imitative"
},
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"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Imitative.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rashes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rash (plural rashes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
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"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1668 June 22 (first performance; Gregorian calendar), John Dryden, An Evening’s Love, or The Mock-Astrologer. […], In the Savoy [London]: […] T[homas] N[ewcomb] for Henry Herringman, […], published 1671, →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 3:",
"text": "Look on thoſe grave plodding fellovvs, […] I'll undertake three parts of four are going to their Courtezans. I tell thee, Jack, the vvhiſking of a Silk-Govvn, and the raſh of a Tabby-Pettycoat, are as comfortable ſounds to one of theſe rich Citizens, as the chink of their Pieces of Eight.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A soft crackling or rustling sound."
],
"links": [
[
"soft",
"soft#Adjective"
],
[
"crackling",
"crackle#Verb"
],
[
"rustling",
"rustle#Verb"
],
[
"sound",
"sound#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A soft crackling or rustling sound."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English obsolete terms",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English transitive verbs",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"en:Anger",
"en:Fabrics",
"en:Personality"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "rashen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rashen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rachen, rasch",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ræscan",
"t": "to move rapidly; to flicker; to flash; to glitter; to quiver"
},
"expansion": "Old English ræscan (“to move rapidly; to flicker; to flash; to glitter; to quiver”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rasschen"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
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},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "raska",
"t": "to hurry; to act carelessly or hastily"
},
"expansion": "Swedish raska (“to hurry; to act carelessly or hastily”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English rashen, rassh (“to hasten, hurry, rush”) [and other forms], from Old English ræscan (“to move rapidly; to flicker; to flash; to glitter; to quiver”); see further at etymology 1.\nprobable cognates\n* Dutch rasschen, rassen (“to hasten, hurry, rush”) (obsolete)\n* Old Norse raska (“to dislodge, displace; to stir up”) (Swedish raska (“to hurry; to act carelessly or hastily”))",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rash (third-person singular simple present rashes, present participle rashing, simple past and past participle rashed)",
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}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1603–1606 (date written), [William Shakespeare], […] His True Chronicle Historie of the Life and Death of King Lear and His Three Daughters. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Nathaniel Butter, […], published 1608, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vii]:",
"text": "Reg[an]. VVherefore to Douer ſir? / Gloſt[er, i.e., Gloucester]. Becauſe I vvould not ſee thy cruell nayles / Pluck out his poore old eyes, nor thy fierce ſiſter / In his aurynted fleſh raſh boriſh phangs, […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To forcefully move or push (someone or something) in a certain direction."
],
"links": [
[
"forcefully",
"forcefully"
],
[
"move",
"move#Verb"
],
[
"push",
"push#Verb"
],
[
"direction",
"direction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To forcefully move or push (someone or something) in a certain direction."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur Book XX, Chapter iv, leaf 401v:",
"text": "Fair lordes sayd syre Launcelot leue your noyse and your rassyng and I shalle sette open this dore and thenne may ye doo with me what it lyketh yow.\n\"Fair lords, said Sir Launcelot, leave your noise and your rashing, and I shall set open this door, and then may ye do with me what it liketh you.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break (something) forcefully; to smash."
],
"links": [
[
"break",
"break#Verb"
],
[
"smash",
"smash#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To break (something) forcefully; to smash."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To emit or issue (something) hastily."
],
"links": [
[
"emit",
"emit"
],
[
"issue",
"issue#Verb"
],
[
"hastily",
"hastily"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To emit or issue (something) hastily."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1610 October, John Foxe, “[Translation of a Letter of Huldricus Zuinglius, 1 September 1527 (Julian calendar)]”, in The Second Volume of the Ecclesiasticall Historie, Containing the Acts and Monuments of Martyrs, […], 6th edition, volume II, London: […] [Humphrey Lownes] for the Company of Stationers, →OCLC, book VIII, page 987, column 1:",
"text": "Retur[n]e to the places of Peter, the one in his firſt epiſtle, the other in the latter: and ſo be you contented with this preſent anſvver raſhed up in haſte.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Usually followed by up: to prepare (something) with haste; to cobble together, to improvise."
],
"links": [
[
"up",
"up#Preposition"
],
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
],
[
"haste",
"haste#Noun"
],
[
"cobble together",
"cobble together"
],
[
"improvise",
"improvise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(rare) Usually followed by up: to prepare (something) with haste; to cobble together, to improvise."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"rare",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To move forcefully, hastily, or suddenly; to dash, to rush."
],
"links": [
[
"suddenly",
"suddenly"
],
[
"dash",
"dash#Verb"
],
[
"rush",
"rush#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"To move forcefully, hastily, or suddenly; to dash, to rush."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Of rain: to fall heavily."
],
"links": [
[
"rain",
"rain#Noun"
],
[
"fall",
"fall#Verb"
],
[
"heavily",
"heavily"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"Of rain: to fall heavily."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly followed by against, at, or upon: to collide or hit."
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"upon",
"upon"
],
[
"collide",
"collide"
],
[
"hit",
"hit#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"Chiefly followed by against, at, or upon: to collide or hit."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
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"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English obsolete terms",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *wréh₂ds",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English transitive verbs",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"en:Anger",
"en:Fabrics",
"en:Personality"
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wréh₂ds"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *wréh₂ds",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "aphetic"
},
"expansion": "aphetic",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "aracen",
"t": "to remove (something) by force, pluck or pull out, tear out; to grab; to lacerate; to flay or skin (an animal); to erase, obliterate"
},
"expansion": "Middle English aracen (“to remove (something) by force, pluck or pull out, tear out; to grab; to lacerate; to flay or skin (an animal); to erase, obliterate”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arachen, aras, arase, arasen, arracen",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "aracer"
},
"expansion": "Old French aracer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arracer, arracher, arrachier",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "racher"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman racher",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "arracher",
"t": "to pull up, tear out, uproot; to extract, take out (a tooth); to peel, pull off, rip off; to buy, snap up; to fight over; to tear (oneself) away from"
},
"expansion": "French arracher (“to pull up, tear out, uproot; to extract, take out (a tooth); to peel, pull off, rip off; to buy, snap up; to fight over; to tear (oneself) away from”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "exrādīcāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin exrādīcāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wréh₂ds",
"t": "root"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“root”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjugation"
},
"expansion": "conjugation",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *wréh₂ds\nProbably an aphetic form of arace (“to tear up by the roots; to draw away”) (obsolete), from Middle English aracen (“to remove (something) by force, pluck or pull out, tear out; to grab; to lacerate; to flay or skin (an animal); to erase, obliterate”) [and other forms], from Old French aracer, arachier (“to pull off (by physical force)”) [and other forms] (whence Anglo-Norman racher, aracher (“to pluck out, pull out”); modern French arracher (“to pull up, tear out, uproot; to extract, take out (a tooth); to peel, pull off, rip off; to buy, snap up; to fight over; to tear (oneself) away from”)), a variant of esrachier (“to eradicate, get rid of”), from Latin exrādīcāre, ērādīcāre, the present active infinitive of ērādīcō (“to root out; to annihilate, extirpate”), from ē- (a variant of ex- (prefix meaning ‘away; out’)) + rādīx (“root of a plant”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“root”)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rash (third-person singular simple present rashes, present participle rashing, simple past and past participle rashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto III”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 8, page 214:",
"text": "There Marinell great deeds of armes did ſhevv; / And through the thickeſt like a Lyon flevv, / Raſhing off helmes, and ryuing plates a ſonder, / That euery one his daunger did eſchevv.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Ninth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 496, lines 1094–1095:",
"text": "His Creſt is raſh'd away; his ample Shield / Is falſify'd and round with Jav'lins fill'd.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly followed by away, down, off, out, etc.: to pluck, pull, or rip (something) violently."
],
"links": [
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"down",
"down#Preposition"
],
[
"off",
"off#Preposition"
],
[
"out",
"out#Preposition"
],
[
"pluck",
"pluck#Verb"
],
[
"pull",
"pull#Verb"
],
[
"rip",
"rip#Verb"
],
[
"violently",
"violently"
]
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "rash"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English obsolete terms",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English transitive verbs",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"en:Anger",
"en:Fabrics",
"en:Personality"
],
"etymology_number": 7,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rasen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rasen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "raas, race, ras, rasse, rese",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "raser"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman raser",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "raser",
"t": "to shave; to touch lightly, graze; to level off (grain, etc.) in a measure; to demolish, tear down; to erase; to polish; to wear down"
},
"expansion": "Old French raser (“to shave; to touch lightly, graze; to level off (grain, etc.) in a measure; to demolish, tear down; to erase; to polish; to wear down”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*raso",
"t": "to shave; to scrape; to scratch; to touch lightly, graze"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *raso (“to shave; to scrape; to scratch; to touch lightly, graze”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rāsus",
"t": "scraped; shaved"
},
"expansion": "Latin rāsus (“scraped; shaved”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably a variant of race, raze (“to demolish; to destroy, obliterate; to scrape as if with a razor”), possibly modelled after rash (etymology 5 or etymology 6). Raze is derived from Middle English rasen, racen, rase (“to scrape; to shave; to erase; to pull; to strip off; to pluck or tear out; to root out (a tree, etc.); to pull away, snatch; to pull down; to knock down; to rend, tear apart; to pick clean, strip; to cleave, slice; to sever; to lacerate; to pierce; to carve, engrave; to dig; (figuratively) to expunge, obliterate; to alter”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman raser, rasere, rasser, Middle French, Old French raser (“to shave; to touch lightly, graze; to level off (grain, etc.) in a measure; to demolish, tear down; to erase; to polish; to wear down”), from Vulgar Latin *raso (“to shave; to scrape; to scratch; to touch lightly, graze”), from Latin rāsus (“scraped; shaved”); see further at etymology 2.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rash (third-person singular simple present rashes, present participle rashing, simple past and past participle rashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 17, page 26:",
"text": "And dravving both their ſvvords vvith rage extreme, / Like tvvo mad maſtiffes each on other flevv, / And ſhields did ſhare, & mailes did raſh, and helmes did hevv.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1599 (first performance), B. I. [i.e., Ben Jonson], The Comicall Satyre of Euery Man out of His Humor. […], London: […] [Adam Islip] for William Holme, […], published 1600, →OCLC, Act IV, scene iii, signature N, recto:",
"text": "[N]ovv he, comes violently on, and vvithall advancing his Rapier to ſtrike, […] Sir, I miſt my purpoſe in his arme, raſht his doublet ſleeue, ran him cloſe by the left cheeke, and through his haire: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hack, slash, or slice (something)."
],
"links": [
[
"hack",
"hack#Verb"
],
[
"slash",
"slash#Verb"
],
[
"slice",
"slice#Verb"
]
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly followed by out: to scrape or scratch (something); to obliterate."
],
"links": [
[
"out",
"out#Preposition"
],
[
"scrape",
"scrape#Verb"
],
[
"scratch",
"scratch#Verb"
],
[
"obliterate",
"obliterate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Chiefly followed by out: to scrape or scratch (something); to obliterate."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg/En-us-rash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-rash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "rash"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rash meaning in English (84.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.