"foolhardy" meaning in English

See foolhardy in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈfuːlhɑːdi/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈfulˌhɑɹdi/ [General-American] Audio: en-us-foolhardy.ogg [General-American], en-au-foolhardy.ogg [Australia] Forms: foolhardier [comparative], more foolhardy [comparative], foolhardiest [superlative], most foolhardy [superlative]
Etymology: From Middle English folehardy, foolhardi, folherdi, from Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”), from Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”) (from Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”)) + Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”) (past tense of hardir (“to harden”), from the unattested Frankish *hartjan, from Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”)), equivalent to fool + hardy. Compare fool-bold, fool-large, etc. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*bʰelǵʰ-|*kret-}}, {{inh|en|enm|folehardy}} Middle English folehardy, {{m|enm|foolhardi}} foolhardi, {{m|enm|folherdi}} folherdi, {{der|en|fro|fol hardi||foolishly bold}} Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”), {{der|en|fro|fol||foolish, silly; insane, mad}} Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”), {{der|en|la|follis||bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch}} Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*bʰelǵʰ-||to swell}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”), {{der|en|fro|hardi||durable, hardy, tough}} Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”), {{glossary|past tense}} past tense, {{m|fro|hardir||to harden}} hardir (“to harden”), {{der|en|frk|*hartjan}} Frankish *hartjan, {{der|en|gem-pro|*harduz||hard; brave}} Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”), {{compound|en|fool|hardy|nocat=1}} fool + hardy, {{m|en|fool-bold}} fool-bold, {{m|en|fool-large}} fool-large Head templates: {{en-adj|er|more}} foolhardy (comparative foolhardier or more foolhardy, superlative foolhardiest or most foolhardy)
  1. Marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger; boldly rash; hotheaded. Categories (topical): Personality Synonyms: bold, daring, foolish, irresponsible, rash, reckless Derived forms: foolhardice [obsolete], foolhardihood [obsolete], foolhardily, foolhardiness Translations (marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger): ῥιψοκίνδυνος (rhipsokíndunos) (Ancient Greek), φιλοκίνδυνος (philokíndunos) (Ancient Greek), безразсъдно смел (bezrazsǎdno smel) (Bulgarian), roekeloos (Dutch), doldriest (Dutch), temerara (Esperanto), hullunrohkea (Finnish), tyhmänrohkea (Finnish), huimapäinen (Finnish), tête brûlée [feminine] (French), temerario [masculine] (Galician), töricht (German), tollkühn (German), vermessen (German), verwegen (German), ungestüm (German), hitzköpfig (German), dummdreist (German), waghalsig (German), vakmerő (Hungarian), nekat (Indonesian), avventato [masculine] (Italian), spericolato [masculine] (Italian), imprudente (Italian), dissennato [masculine] (Italian), rorohuri (Maori), безрассу́дно хра́брый (bezrassúdno xrábryj) (Russian), необду́манно сме́лый (neobdúmanno smélyj) (Russian), бесшабашный (besšabašnyj) (Russian), temerario (Spanish), dumdristig (Swedish), çılgınca (Turkish), delidolu (Turkish), lukünik (Volapük)
    Sense id: en-foolhardy-en-adj-thQICu6q Disambiguation of Personality: 85 15 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 82 18

Noun

IPA: /ˈfuːlhɑːdi/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈfulˌhɑɹdi/ [General-American] Audio: en-us-foolhardy.ogg [General-American], en-au-foolhardy.ogg [Australia] Forms: foolhardies [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English folehardy, foolhardi, folherdi, from Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”), from Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”) (from Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”)) + Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”) (past tense of hardir (“to harden”), from the unattested Frankish *hartjan, from Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”)), equivalent to fool + hardy. Compare fool-bold, fool-large, etc. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*bʰelǵʰ-|*kret-}}, {{inh|en|enm|folehardy}} Middle English folehardy, {{m|enm|foolhardi}} foolhardi, {{m|enm|folherdi}} folherdi, {{der|en|fro|fol hardi||foolishly bold}} Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”), {{der|en|fro|fol||foolish, silly; insane, mad}} Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”), {{der|en|la|follis||bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch}} Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*bʰelǵʰ-||to swell}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”), {{der|en|fro|hardi||durable, hardy, tough}} Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”), {{glossary|past tense}} past tense, {{m|fro|hardir||to harden}} hardir (“to harden”), {{der|en|frk|*hartjan}} Frankish *hartjan, {{der|en|gem-pro|*harduz||hard; brave}} Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”), {{compound|en|fool|hardy|nocat=1}} fool + hardy, {{m|en|fool-bold}} fool-bold, {{m|en|fool-large}} fool-large Head templates: {{en-noun}} foolhardy (plural foolhardies)
  1. A person who is foolhardy.
    Sense id: en-foolhardy-en-noun-JS-c5ctH

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for foolhardy meaning in English (14.3kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
        "4": "*kret-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "folehardy"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English folehardy",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "foolhardi"
      },
      "expansion": "foolhardi",
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "folherdi"
      },
      "expansion": "folherdi",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "fol hardi",
        "4": "",
        "5": "foolishly bold"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "fol",
        "4": "",
        "5": "foolish, silly; insane, mad"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "follis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to swell"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "hardi",
        "4": "",
        "5": "durable, hardy, tough"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "past tense"
      },
      "expansion": "past tense",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "hardir",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to harden"
      },
      "expansion": "hardir (“to harden”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*hartjan"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *hartjan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*harduz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hard; brave"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fool",
        "3": "hardy",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "fool + hardy",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fool-bold"
      },
      "expansion": "fool-bold",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fool-large"
      },
      "expansion": "fool-large",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English folehardy, foolhardi, folherdi, from Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”), from Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”) (from Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”)) + Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”) (past tense of hardir (“to harden”), from the unattested Frankish *hartjan, from Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”)), equivalent to fool + hardy. Compare fool-bold, fool-large, etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "foolhardier",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "more foolhardy",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foolhardiest",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most foolhardy",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "er",
        "2": "more"
      },
      "expansion": "foolhardy (comparative foolhardier or more foolhardy, superlative foolhardiest or most foolhardy)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "fool‧har‧dy"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "85 15",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Personality",
          "orig": "en:Personality",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "obsolete"
          ],
          "word": "foolhardice"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "obsolete"
          ],
          "word": "foolhardihood"
        },
        {
          "word": "foolhardily"
        },
        {
          "word": "foolhardiness"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2000, Bill Bryson, chapter 1, in In a Sunburned Country, 1st US edition, New York, N.Y.: Broadway Books, page 14",
          "text": "In the middle distance several foolhardy souls in wet suits were surfing toward some foamy outbursts on the rocky headland; nearer in, a scattering of paddlers was being continually and, it seemed, happily engulfed by explosive waves.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2017 March 26, “The Observer view on triggering article 50: As Britain hurtles towards the precipice, truth and democracy are in short supply”, in The Observer, London, archived from the original on 2017-08-30",
          "text": "It is a reckless, foolhardy leap into the unknown and the prelude, perhaps, to what the existentialist writer Albert Camus described in La chute – a fall from grace, in every conceivable sense.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger; boldly rash; hotheaded."
      ],
      "id": "en-foolhardy-en-adj-thQICu6q",
      "links": [
        [
          "Marked",
          "mark#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "unthinking",
          "unthinking"
        ],
        [
          "recklessness",
          "recklessness"
        ],
        [
          "disregard",
          "disregard"
        ],
        [
          "danger",
          "danger"
        ],
        [
          "boldly",
          "boldly"
        ],
        [
          "rash",
          "rash"
        ],
        [
          "hotheaded",
          "hotheaded"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bold"
        },
        {
          "word": "daring"
        },
        {
          "word": "foolish"
        },
        {
          "word": "irresponsible"
        },
        {
          "word": "rash"
        },
        {
          "word": "reckless"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "bezrazsǎdno smel",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "безразсъдно смел"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "roekeloos"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "doldriest"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "temerara"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "hullunrohkea"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "tyhmänrohkea"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "huimapäinen"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tête brûlée"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "temerario"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "töricht"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "tollkühn"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "vermessen"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "verwegen"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "ungestüm"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "hitzköpfig"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "dummdreist"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "waghalsig"
        },
        {
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "rhipsokíndunos",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "ῥιψοκίνδυνος"
        },
        {
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "philokíndunos",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "φιλοκίνδυνος"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "vakmerő"
        },
        {
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "nekat"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "avventato"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "spericolato"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "imprudente"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "dissennato"
        },
        {
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "rorohuri"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "bezrassúdno xrábryj",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "безрассу́дно хра́брый"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "neobdúmanno smélyj",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "необду́манно сме́лый"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "besšabašnyj",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "бесшабашный"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "temerario"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "dumdristig"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "çılgınca"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "delidolu"
        },
        {
          "code": "vo",
          "lang": "Volapük",
          "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
          "word": "lukünik"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfuːlhɑːdi/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfulˌhɑɹdi/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-foolhardy.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/En-us-foolhardy.ogg/En-us-foolhardy.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/En-us-foolhardy.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (GA)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-foolhardy.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/En-au-foolhardy.ogg/En-au-foolhardy.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/En-au-foolhardy.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Australia"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (AU)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "foolhardy"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
        "4": "*kret-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "folehardy"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English folehardy",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "foolhardi"
      },
      "expansion": "foolhardi",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "folherdi"
      },
      "expansion": "folherdi",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "fol hardi",
        "4": "",
        "5": "foolishly bold"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "fol",
        "4": "",
        "5": "foolish, silly; insane, mad"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "follis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to swell"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "hardi",
        "4": "",
        "5": "durable, hardy, tough"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "past tense"
      },
      "expansion": "past tense",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "hardir",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to harden"
      },
      "expansion": "hardir (“to harden”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*hartjan"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *hartjan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*harduz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hard; brave"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fool",
        "3": "hardy",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "fool + hardy",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fool-bold"
      },
      "expansion": "fool-bold",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fool-large"
      },
      "expansion": "fool-large",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English folehardy, foolhardi, folherdi, from Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”), from Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”) (from Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”)) + Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”) (past tense of hardir (“to harden”), from the unattested Frankish *hartjan, from Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”)), equivalent to fool + hardy. Compare fool-bold, fool-large, etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "foolhardies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "foolhardy (plural foolhardies)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "fool‧har‧dy"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1977, Rolf R. Mueller, Festival and Fiction in Heinrich Wittenwiler's Ring, page 26",
          "text": "Resentful of the saddle-fast stranger, eight foolhardies return for more adventure.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019, Colson Whitehead, The Nickel Boys",
          "text": "Some foolhardies in the schoolhouse laughed at him then and Griff stuck their heads into toilets, one by one over the next week.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A person who is foolhardy."
      ],
      "id": "en-foolhardy-en-noun-JS-c5ctH"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfuːlhɑːdi/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfulˌhɑɹdi/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-foolhardy.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/En-us-foolhardy.ogg/En-us-foolhardy.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/En-us-foolhardy.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (GA)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-foolhardy.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/En-au-foolhardy.ogg/En-au-foolhardy.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/En-au-foolhardy.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Australia"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (AU)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "foolhardy"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Frankish",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰelǵʰ-",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kret-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "en:Personality"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "foolhardice"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "foolhardihood"
    },
    {
      "word": "foolhardily"
    },
    {
      "word": "foolhardiness"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
        "4": "*kret-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "folehardy"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English folehardy",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "foolhardi"
      },
      "expansion": "foolhardi",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "folherdi"
      },
      "expansion": "folherdi",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "fol hardi",
        "4": "",
        "5": "foolishly bold"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "fol",
        "4": "",
        "5": "foolish, silly; insane, mad"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "follis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to swell"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "hardi",
        "4": "",
        "5": "durable, hardy, tough"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "past tense"
      },
      "expansion": "past tense",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "hardir",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to harden"
      },
      "expansion": "hardir (“to harden”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*hartjan"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *hartjan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*harduz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hard; brave"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fool",
        "3": "hardy",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "fool + hardy",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fool-bold"
      },
      "expansion": "fool-bold",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fool-large"
      },
      "expansion": "fool-large",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English folehardy, foolhardi, folherdi, from Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”), from Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”) (from Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”)) + Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”) (past tense of hardir (“to harden”), from the unattested Frankish *hartjan, from Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”)), equivalent to fool + hardy. Compare fool-bold, fool-large, etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "foolhardier",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "more foolhardy",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foolhardiest",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most foolhardy",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "er",
        "2": "more"
      },
      "expansion": "foolhardy (comparative foolhardier or more foolhardy, superlative foolhardiest or most foolhardy)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "fool‧har‧dy"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2000, Bill Bryson, chapter 1, in In a Sunburned Country, 1st US edition, New York, N.Y.: Broadway Books, page 14",
          "text": "In the middle distance several foolhardy souls in wet suits were surfing toward some foamy outbursts on the rocky headland; nearer in, a scattering of paddlers was being continually and, it seemed, happily engulfed by explosive waves.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2017 March 26, “The Observer view on triggering article 50: As Britain hurtles towards the precipice, truth and democracy are in short supply”, in The Observer, London, archived from the original on 2017-08-30",
          "text": "It is a reckless, foolhardy leap into the unknown and the prelude, perhaps, to what the existentialist writer Albert Camus described in La chute – a fall from grace, in every conceivable sense.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger; boldly rash; hotheaded."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Marked",
          "mark#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "unthinking",
          "unthinking"
        ],
        [
          "recklessness",
          "recklessness"
        ],
        [
          "disregard",
          "disregard"
        ],
        [
          "danger",
          "danger"
        ],
        [
          "boldly",
          "boldly"
        ],
        [
          "rash",
          "rash"
        ],
        [
          "hotheaded",
          "hotheaded"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfuːlhɑːdi/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfulˌhɑɹdi/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-foolhardy.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/En-us-foolhardy.ogg/En-us-foolhardy.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/En-us-foolhardy.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (GA)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-foolhardy.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/En-au-foolhardy.ogg/En-au-foolhardy.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/En-au-foolhardy.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Australia"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (AU)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "bold"
    },
    {
      "word": "daring"
    },
    {
      "word": "foolish"
    },
    {
      "word": "irresponsible"
    },
    {
      "word": "rash"
    },
    {
      "word": "reckless"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "bezrazsǎdno smel",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "безразсъдно смел"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "roekeloos"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "doldriest"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "temerara"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "hullunrohkea"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "tyhmänrohkea"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "huimapäinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tête brûlée"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "temerario"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "töricht"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "tollkühn"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "vermessen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "verwegen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "ungestüm"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "hitzköpfig"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "dummdreist"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "waghalsig"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "rhipsokíndunos",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "ῥιψοκίνδυνος"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "philokíndunos",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "φιλοκίνδυνος"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "vakmerő"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "nekat"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "avventato"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "spericolato"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "imprudente"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "dissennato"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "rorohuri"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "bezrassúdno xrábryj",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "безрассу́дно хра́брый"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "neobdúmanno smélyj",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "необду́манно сме́лый"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "besšabašnyj",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "бесшабашный"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "temerario"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "dumdristig"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "çılgınca"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "delidolu"
    },
    {
      "code": "vo",
      "lang": "Volapük",
      "sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
      "word": "lukünik"
    }
  ],
  "word": "foolhardy"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Frankish",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰelǵʰ-",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kret-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "en:Personality"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
        "4": "*kret-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "folehardy"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English folehardy",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "foolhardi"
      },
      "expansion": "foolhardi",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "folherdi"
      },
      "expansion": "folherdi",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "fol hardi",
        "4": "",
        "5": "foolishly bold"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "fol",
        "4": "",
        "5": "foolish, silly; insane, mad"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "follis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to swell"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "hardi",
        "4": "",
        "5": "durable, hardy, tough"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "past tense"
      },
      "expansion": "past tense",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "hardir",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to harden"
      },
      "expansion": "hardir (“to harden”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*hartjan"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *hartjan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*harduz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hard; brave"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fool",
        "3": "hardy",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "fool + hardy",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fool-bold"
      },
      "expansion": "fool-bold",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fool-large"
      },
      "expansion": "fool-large",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English folehardy, foolhardi, folherdi, from Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”), from Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”) (from Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”)) + Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”) (past tense of hardir (“to harden”), from the unattested Frankish *hartjan, from Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”)), equivalent to fool + hardy. Compare fool-bold, fool-large, etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "foolhardies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "foolhardy (plural foolhardies)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "fool‧har‧dy"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1977, Rolf R. Mueller, Festival and Fiction in Heinrich Wittenwiler's Ring, page 26",
          "text": "Resentful of the saddle-fast stranger, eight foolhardies return for more adventure.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019, Colson Whitehead, The Nickel Boys",
          "text": "Some foolhardies in the schoolhouse laughed at him then and Griff stuck their heads into toilets, one by one over the next week.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A person who is foolhardy."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfuːlhɑːdi/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfulˌhɑɹdi/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-foolhardy.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/En-us-foolhardy.ogg/En-us-foolhardy.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/En-us-foolhardy.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (GA)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-foolhardy.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/En-au-foolhardy.ogg/En-au-foolhardy.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/En-au-foolhardy.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Australia"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (AU)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "foolhardy"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.