See foolhardy on Wiktionary
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"ref": "1876, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter VI, in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Hartford, Conn.: The American Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 68:",
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"ref": "2000, Bill Bryson, chapter 1, in In a Sunburned Country, 1st US edition, New York, N.Y.: Broadway Books, →ISBN, page 14:",
"text": "In the middle distance several foolhardy souls in wet suits were surfing toward some foamy outbursts on the rocky headland; nearer in, a scattering of paddlers was being continually and, it seemed, happily engulfed by explosive waves.",
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{
"ref": "2017 March 26, “The Observer view on triggering article 50: As Britain hurtles towards the precipice, truth and democracy are in short supply”, in The Observer, London, archived from the original on 2017-08-30:",
"text": "It is a reckless, foolhardy leap into the unknown and the prelude, perhaps, to what the existentialist writer Albert Camus described in La chute – a fall from grace, in every conceivable sense.",
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"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "doldriest"
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{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "huimapäinen"
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"word": "tête brûlée"
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"word": "temerario"
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"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "töricht"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "tollkühn"
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{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "vermessen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "verwegen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "ungestüm"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "hitzköpfig"
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{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "dummdreist"
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{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "waghalsig"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "rhipsokíndunos",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "ῥιψοκίνδυνος"
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{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "philokíndunos",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "φιλοκίνδυνος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "vakmerő"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "nekat"
},
{
"code": "it",
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"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"tags": [
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"word": "avventato"
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{
"code": "it",
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"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"tags": [
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"word": "spericolato"
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{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "imprudente"
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{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"tags": [
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"word": "dissennato"
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{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "rorohuri"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "deli",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "دلی"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bezrassúdno xrábryj",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "безрассу́дно хра́брый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neobdúmanno smélyj",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "необду́манно сме́лый"
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{
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"word": "бесшабашный"
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"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "temerario"
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{
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"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "dumdristig"
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{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "çılgınca"
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{
"code": "tr",
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"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "delidolu"
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"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "lukünik"
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"text": "Some foolhardies in the schoolhouse laughed at him then and Griff stuck their heads into toilets, one by one over the next week.",
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"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰelǵʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kret- (strong)",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"en:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "foolhardice"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "foolhardihood"
},
{
"word": "foolhardily"
},
{
"word": "foolhardiness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
"4": "*kret-",
"id2": "strong"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "folehardy"
},
"expansion": "Middle English folehardy",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fol hardi",
"4": "",
"5": "foolishly bold"
},
"expansion": "Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fol",
"4": "",
"5": "foolish, silly; insane, mad"
},
"expansion": "Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "follis",
"4": "",
"5": "bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch"
},
"expansion": "Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to swell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hardi",
"4": "",
"5": "durable, hardy, tough"
},
"expansion": "Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past tense"
},
"expansion": "past tense",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*hartjan"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *hartjan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*harduz",
"4": "",
"5": "hard; brave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fool",
"3": "hardy",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "fool + hardy",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English folehardy, foolhardi, folherdi, from Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”), from Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”) (from Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”)) + Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”) (past tense of hardir (“to harden”), from the unattested Frankish *hartjan, from Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”)), equivalent to fool + hardy. Compare fool-bold, fool-large, etc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foolhardier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more foolhardy",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "foolhardiest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most foolhardy",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "foolhardy (comparative foolhardier or more foolhardy, superlative foolhardiest or most foolhardy)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fool‧har‧dy"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1876, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter VI, in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Hartford, Conn.: The American Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 68:",
"text": "The master's pulse stood still, and he stared helplessly. The buzz of study ceased. The pupils wondered if this fool-hardy boy had lost his mind.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Bill Bryson, chapter 1, in In a Sunburned Country, 1st US edition, New York, N.Y.: Broadway Books, →ISBN, page 14:",
"text": "In the middle distance several foolhardy souls in wet suits were surfing toward some foamy outbursts on the rocky headland; nearer in, a scattering of paddlers was being continually and, it seemed, happily engulfed by explosive waves.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 March 26, “The Observer view on triggering article 50: As Britain hurtles towards the precipice, truth and democracy are in short supply”, in The Observer, London, archived from the original on 2017-08-30:",
"text": "It is a reckless, foolhardy leap into the unknown and the prelude, perhaps, to what the existentialist writer Albert Camus described in La chute – a fall from grace, in every conceivable sense.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger; boldly rash; hotheaded."
],
"links": [
[
"Marked",
"mark#Verb"
],
[
"unthinking",
"unthinking"
],
[
"recklessness",
"recklessness"
],
[
"disregard",
"disregard"
],
[
"danger",
"danger"
],
[
"boldly",
"boldly"
],
[
"rash",
"rash"
],
[
"hotheaded",
"hotheaded"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfuːlhɑːdi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfulˌhɑɹdi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foolhardy.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/En-us-foolhardy.ogg/En-us-foolhardy.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/En-us-foolhardy.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-foolhardy.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/En-au-foolhardy.ogg/En-au-foolhardy.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/En-au-foolhardy.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bold"
},
{
"word": "daring"
},
{
"word": "foolish"
},
{
"word": "irresponsible"
},
{
"word": "rash"
},
{
"word": "reckless"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezrazsǎdno smel",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "безразсъдно смел"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "roekeloos"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "doldriest"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "temerara"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "hullunrohkea"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "tyhmänrohkea"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "huimapäinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tête brûlée"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "temerario"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "töricht"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "tollkühn"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "vermessen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "verwegen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "ungestüm"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "hitzköpfig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "dummdreist"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "waghalsig"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "rhipsokíndunos",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "ῥιψοκίνδυνος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "philokíndunos",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "φιλοκίνδυνος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "vakmerő"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "nekat"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avventato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spericolato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "imprudente"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dissennato"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "rorohuri"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "deli",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "دلی"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bezrassúdno xrábryj",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "безрассу́дно хра́брый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neobdúmanno smélyj",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "необду́манно сме́лый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "besšabašnyj",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "бесшабашный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "temerario"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "dumdristig"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "çılgınca"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "delidolu"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "marked by unthinking recklessness with disregard for danger",
"word": "lukünik"
}
],
"word": "foolhardy"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰelǵʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kret- (strong)",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"en:Personality"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
"4": "*kret-",
"id2": "strong"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "folehardy"
},
"expansion": "Middle English folehardy",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fol hardi",
"4": "",
"5": "foolishly bold"
},
"expansion": "Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fol",
"4": "",
"5": "foolish, silly; insane, mad"
},
"expansion": "Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "follis",
"4": "",
"5": "bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch"
},
"expansion": "Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to swell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hardi",
"4": "",
"5": "durable, hardy, tough"
},
"expansion": "Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past tense"
},
"expansion": "past tense",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*hartjan"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *hartjan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*harduz",
"4": "",
"5": "hard; brave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fool",
"3": "hardy",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "fool + hardy",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English folehardy, foolhardi, folherdi, from Old French fol hardi (“foolishly bold”), from Old French fol (“foolish, silly; insane, mad”) (from Latin follis (“bellows; purse, sack; inflated ball; belly, paunch”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”)) + Old French hardi (“durable, hardy, tough”) (past tense of hardir (“to harden”), from the unattested Frankish *hartjan, from Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”)), equivalent to fool + hardy. Compare fool-bold, fool-large, etc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foolhardies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foolhardy (plural foolhardies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fool‧har‧dy"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1977, Rolf R. Mueller, Festival and Fiction in Heinrich Wittenwiler's Ring, page 26:",
"text": "Resentful of the saddle-fast stranger, eight foolhardies return for more adventure.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Colson Whitehead, The Nickel Boys:",
"text": "Some foolhardies in the schoolhouse laughed at him then and Griff stuck their heads into toilets, one by one over the next week.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who is foolhardy."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfuːlhɑːdi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfulˌhɑɹdi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foolhardy.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/En-us-foolhardy.ogg/En-us-foolhardy.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/En-us-foolhardy.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-foolhardy.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/En-au-foolhardy.ogg/En-au-foolhardy.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/En-au-foolhardy.ogg"
}
],
"word": "foolhardy"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "foolhardy",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foolhardy",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "folehardy"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of folehardy"
],
"links": [
[
"folehardy",
"folehardy#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "foolhardy"
}
Download raw JSONL data for foolhardy meaning in All languages combined (16.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.