See cawod in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "to shower",
"translation": "to shower",
"word": "cawodi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "baby shower",
"translation": "baby shower",
"word": "cawod babi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "rust, fungal disease of plants",
"translation": "rust, fungal disease of plants",
"word": "y gawod goch"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "cawat"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh cawat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kowotos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kowotos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kowas"
},
"expansion": "Cornish kowas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kaouad"
},
"expansion": "Breton kaouad",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ḱeh₁w-",
"t": "cold, rainy; north"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₁w- (“cold, rainy; north”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "caurus",
"t": "northwestern wind"
},
"expansion": "Latin caurus (“northwestern wind”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "šiáurė",
"t": "north"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian šiáurė (“north”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "се́вер",
"t": "north"
},
"expansion": "Russian се́вер (séver, “north”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh cawat, from Proto-Celtic *kowotos (compare Cornish kowas, Breton kaouad), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₁w- (“cold, rainy; north”); compare Latin caurus (“northwestern wind”), Lithuanian šiáurė (“north”), Russian се́вер (séver, “north”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cawodau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cawodydd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cawod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gawod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghawod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chawod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "cafod",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cawad",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "cawodau",
"pl2": "cawodydd"
},
"expansion": "cawod f (plural cawodau or cawodydd)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Meteorology",
"orig": "cy:Meteorology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 4 25 21 29 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shower (short rainfall)"
],
"id": "en-cawod-cy-noun-x6OxI994",
"links": [
[
"meteorology",
"meteorology"
],
[
"shower",
"shower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(meteorology) shower (short rainfall)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"climatology",
"meteorology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 59 13 10 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Bathing",
"orig": "cy:Bathing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
20,
26
]
],
"english": "I'm going to take a shower.",
"text": "Dw i'n mynd i gael cawod.",
"translation": "I'm going to take a shower.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shower (bathing device, or an instance of using this device)"
],
"id": "en-cawod-cy-noun-D5ynxV6j",
"links": [
[
"shower",
"shower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) shower (bathing device, or an instance of using this device)"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 4 25 21 29 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 3 42 18 20 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 5 44 18 15 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swarm"
],
"id": "en-cawod-cy-noun-ROuStGNg",
"links": [
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) swarm"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "haid"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Phytopathology",
"orig": "cy:Phytopathology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 4 25 21 29 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 6 11 38 18 20",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Fungi",
"orig": "cy:Fungi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 10 13 55 7 10",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Plant diseases",
"orig": "cy:Plant diseases",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blight, mildew"
],
"id": "en-cawod-cy-noun-oEOG358T",
"links": [
[
"phytopathology",
"phytopathology"
],
[
"blight",
"blight"
],
[
"mildew",
"mildew"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phytopathology) blight, mildew"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "malltod"
},
{
"word": "llwydni"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"pathology",
"phytopathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "North Wales Welsh",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Dermatology",
"orig": "cy:Dermatology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 4 25 21 29 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rash (likened to splashes of a rainshower on skin)"
],
"id": "en-cawod-cy-noun-b-7xmFU7",
"links": [
[
"dermatology",
"dermatology"
],
[
"rash",
"rash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dermatology, North Wales) rash (likened to splashes of a rainshower on skin)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brech"
},
{
"word": "tarddiant"
}
],
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"dermatology",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "cy:Medicine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fit or attack of sickness or pain"
],
"id": "en-cawod-cy-noun-2bJikFsi",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"fit",
"fit"
],
[
"attack",
"attack"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) fit or attack of sickness or pain"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pwl"
},
{
"word": "plwc"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkau̯.ɔd/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-au̯ɔd"
}
],
"word": "cawod"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/au̯ɔd",
"Rhymes:Welsh/au̯ɔd/2 syllables",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh feminine nouns",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"cy:Bathing",
"cy:Fungi",
"cy:Plant diseases"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to shower",
"translation": "to shower",
"word": "cawodi"
},
{
"english": "baby shower",
"translation": "baby shower",
"word": "cawod babi"
},
{
"english": "rust, fungal disease of plants",
"translation": "rust, fungal disease of plants",
"word": "y gawod goch"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "cawat"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh cawat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kowotos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kowotos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kowas"
},
"expansion": "Cornish kowas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kaouad"
},
"expansion": "Breton kaouad",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ḱeh₁w-",
"t": "cold, rainy; north"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₁w- (“cold, rainy; north”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "caurus",
"t": "northwestern wind"
},
"expansion": "Latin caurus (“northwestern wind”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "šiáurė",
"t": "north"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian šiáurė (“north”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "се́вер",
"t": "north"
},
"expansion": "Russian се́вер (séver, “north”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh cawat, from Proto-Celtic *kowotos (compare Cornish kowas, Breton kaouad), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₁w- (“cold, rainy; north”); compare Latin caurus (“northwestern wind”), Lithuanian šiáurė (“north”), Russian се́вер (séver, “north”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cawodau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cawodydd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cawod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gawod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghawod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chawod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "cafod",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cawad",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "cawodau",
"pl2": "cawodydd"
},
"expansion": "cawod f (plural cawodau or cawodydd)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"cy:Meteorology"
],
"glosses": [
"shower (short rainfall)"
],
"links": [
[
"meteorology",
"meteorology"
],
[
"shower",
"shower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(meteorology) shower (short rainfall)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"climatology",
"meteorology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Welsh terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
20,
26
]
],
"english": "I'm going to take a shower.",
"text": "Dw i'n mynd i gael cawod.",
"translation": "I'm going to take a shower.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shower (bathing device, or an instance of using this device)"
],
"links": [
[
"shower",
"shower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) shower (bathing device, or an instance of using this device)"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Welsh terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"swarm"
],
"links": [
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) swarm"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "haid"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Phytopathology"
],
"glosses": [
"blight, mildew"
],
"links": [
[
"phytopathology",
"phytopathology"
],
[
"blight",
"blight"
],
[
"mildew",
"mildew"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phytopathology) blight, mildew"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "malltod"
},
{
"word": "llwydni"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"pathology",
"phytopathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"North Wales Welsh",
"cy:Dermatology"
],
"glosses": [
"rash (likened to splashes of a rainshower on skin)"
],
"links": [
[
"dermatology",
"dermatology"
],
[
"rash",
"rash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dermatology, North Wales) rash (likened to splashes of a rainshower on skin)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brech"
},
{
"word": "tarddiant"
}
],
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"dermatology",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"fit or attack of sickness or pain"
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"fit",
"fit"
],
[
"attack",
"attack"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) fit or attack of sickness or pain"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pwl"
},
{
"word": "plwc"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkau̯.ɔd/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-au̯ɔd"
}
],
"word": "cawod"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cawod meaning in Welsh (5.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cawod/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"cawod"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cawod",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cawod/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"cawod"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cawod",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cawod/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"cawod"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cawod",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.