"oath" meaning in All languages combined

See oath on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈəʊθ/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈoʊθ/ [General-American] Audio: en-us-oath.ogg [US] Forms: oaths [plural]
Rhymes: -əʊθ Etymology: From Middle English ooth, oth, ath, from Old English āþ (“oath”), from Proto-West Germanic *aiþ (“oath”), from Proto-Germanic *aiþaz (“oath”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óytos (“oath”). Cognate with Scots aith, athe (“oath”), North Frisian ith, iss (“oath”), Saterland Frisian Eed (“oath”), West Frisian eed (“oath”), Dutch eed (“oath”), German Eid (“oath”), Swedish ed (“oath”), Icelandic eið (“oath”), Latin ūtor (“make use of, employ, avail”, verb), Old Irish óeth (“oath”). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|ooth}} Middle English ooth, {{m|enm|oth}} oth, {{m|enm|ath}} ath, {{inh|en|ang|āþ||oath}} Old English āþ (“oath”), {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*aiþ||oath}} Proto-West Germanic *aiþ (“oath”), {{inh|en|gem-pro|*aiþaz||oath}} Proto-Germanic *aiþaz (“oath”), {{inh|en|ine-pro|*h₁óytos||oath}} Proto-Indo-European *h₁óytos (“oath”), {{cog|sco|aith}} Scots aith, {{m|sco|athe|t=oath}} athe (“oath”), {{cog|frr|ith}} North Frisian ith, {{m|frr|iss|t=oath}} iss (“oath”), {{cog|stq|Eed|t=oath}} Saterland Frisian Eed (“oath”), {{cog|fy|eed|t=oath}} West Frisian eed (“oath”), {{cog|nl|eed|t=oath}} Dutch eed (“oath”), {{cog|de|Eid|t=oath}} German Eid (“oath”), {{cog|sv|ed|t=oath}} Swedish ed (“oath”), {{cog|is|eið|t=oath}} Icelandic eið (“oath”), {{cog|la|ūtor|pos=verb|t=make use of, employ, avail}} Latin ūtor (“make use of, employ, avail”, verb), {{cog|sga|óeth|t=oath}} Old Irish óeth (“oath”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} oath (plural oaths)
  1. A solemn pledge or promise that invokes a deity, a ruler, or another entity (not necessarily present) to attest the truth of a statement or sincerity of one's desire to fulfill a contract or promise. Categories (topical): Directives Translations (solemn pledge): xiiba (Afar), eed (Afrikaans), sumpa' (Aklanon), be [feminine] (Albanian), betim [masculine] (Albanian), ὅρκος (hórkos) [masculine] (Ancient Greek), ὅρκιον (hórkion) [neuter] (Ancient Greek), قَسَم (qasam) [masculine] (Arabic), حَلْف (ḥalf) [masculine] (Arabic), حِلْف (ḥilf) [masculine] (Arabic), يَمِين (yamīn) [masculine] (Arabic), երդում (erdum) (Armenian), giurãmintu [neuter] (Aromanian), giurat [neuter] (Aromanian), xuramentu [masculine] (Asturian), and (Azerbaijani), ант (ant) (Bashkir), прыся́га (prysjáha) [feminine] (Belarusian), кляцьба́ (kljacʹbá) [feminine] (Belarusian), শপথ (śopoth) (Bengali), কসম (kośom) (Bengali), кле́тва (klétva) [feminine] (Bulgarian), သစ္စာ (sacca) (Burmese), jurament [masculine] (Catalan), sumpa (Cebuano), سوێن (swên) (Central Kurdish), 宣誓 (zh-min-nan) [Hokkien] (Chinese), 宣言 (syun¹ jin⁴) (Chinese Cantonese), 宣誓 (syun¹ sai⁶) (Chinese Cantonese), 誓詞 (Chinese Mandarin), 誓词 (shìcí) (Chinese Mandarin), 宣誓 (xuānshì) (Chinese Mandarin), присѧга (prisęga) [Cyrillic, feminine] (Church Slavic), přísaha [feminine] (Czech), ed [common-gender] (Danish), eed [masculine] (Dutch), bezwering [feminine] (Dutch), ĵuro (Esperanto), tõotus (Estonian), vanne (Estonian), eiður [masculine] (Faroese), vala (Finnish), serment [masculine] (French), zur [masculine] (Friulian), ğur (Friulian), zurament [masculine] (Friulian), ğurament (Friulian), xuramento [masculine] (Galician), xura [feminine] (Galician), promesa [feminine] (Galician), ფიცი (pici) (Georgian), Eid [masculine] (German), Schwur [masculine] (German), 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (aiþs) [masculine] (Gothic), όρκος (órkos) [masculine] (Greek), שבועה \ שְׁבוּעָה (shvuá) [feminine] (Hebrew), शपथ (śapath) [feminine] (Hindi), सौगंद (saugand) [feminine] (Hindi), क़सम (qasam) [feminine] (Hindi), eskü (Hungarian), fogadalom (Hungarian), eiður [masculine] (Icelandic), sumpah (Indonesian), mionn [masculine] (Irish), móid [feminine] (Irish), giuramento [masculine] (Italian), 誓い (chikai) (alt: ちかい) (Japanese), 誓約 (seiyaku) (alt: せいやく) (Japanese), 宣誓 (sensei) (alt: せんせい) (Japanese), ант (ant) (Kazakh), серт (sert) (Kazakh), សបថ (saʼpaʼthaʼ) (Khmer), ប្រណិធាន (prɑnethiən) (Khmer), 맹세 (maengse) (alt: 盟誓) (Korean), 선서 (seonseo) (alt: 宣誓) (Korean), 서약 (seoyak) (alt: 誓約) (Korean), ант (ant) (Kyrgyz), jurament [masculine] (Ladin), ຄຳສາບານ (kham sā bān) (Lao), pīzvārs [masculine] (Latgalian), iūrāmentum [neuter] (Latin), sacramentum [neuter] (Latin), fides [masculine] (Latin), zvērests [masculine] (Latvian), priesaika [feminine] (Lithuanian), Eed [masculine] (Luxembourgish), заклетва (zakletva) [feminine] (Macedonian), sumpah (Malay), kupu taurangi (Maori), sapa' (Maranao), тангараг (tangarag) [Cyrillic] (Mongolian), ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ (taŋɣarig) [Mongolian] (Mongolian), sond [feminine] (Northern Kurdish), êqîn [feminine] (Northern Kurdish), qesem [feminine] (Northern Kurdish), soz (Northern Kurdish), ed [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), eid [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), jura (Occitan), jurament [masculine] (Occitan), клꙗтва (kljatva) [feminine] (Old East Slavic), āþ [masculine] (Old English), eiðr [masculine] (Old Norse), ард (ard) (Ossetian), آند (and) (Ottoman Turkish), سوگند (sevgend) (Ottoman Turkish), sapatha [feminine] (Pali), سوګند (sawgand) [masculine] (Pashto), حلف (half) [masculine] (Pashto), سُوگَند (sowgand) (Persian), قَسَم (qasam) (Persian), حَلف (half) (Persian), حِلف (helf) (Persian), Eid [masculine] (Plautdietsch), przysięga [feminine] (Polish), juramento [masculine] (Portuguese), jura [feminine] (Portuguese), promessa [feminine] (Portuguese), ਸਹੁੰ (sahũ) [Gurmukhi, feminine] (Punjabi), ਕਸਮ (kasam) [Gurmukhi, feminine] (Punjabi), سَون٘ہہ (sauṉh) [Shahmukhi, feminine] (Punjabi), قَسَم (qasam) [Shahmukhi, feminine] (Punjabi), jurământ [neuter] (Romanian), legământ [neuter] (Romanian), engirament (Romansch), güramaint (Romansch), angiramaint (Romansch), saramaint (Romansch), прися́га (prisjága) [feminine] (Russian), кля́тва (kljátva) [feminine] (Russian), dhiiwa (Saho), शपथ (śapatha) [feminine] (Sanskrit), giura [feminine] (Sardinian), за́клетва [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), при̏сега [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), zákletva [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), prȉsega [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), giuramentu [masculine] (Sicilian), prísaha [feminine] (Slovak), prisega [feminine] (Slovene), juramento [masculine] (Spanish), yamini (Swahili), ed [common-gender] (Swedish), panunumpa (Tagalog), савганд (savgand) (Tajik), қасам (qasam) (Tajik), ҳалф (half) (Tajik), tjaǧit [feminine] (Tarifit), ант (ant) (Tatar), ప్రమాణం (pramāṇaṁ) (Telugu), คำสาบาน (kam-sǎa-baan) (Thai), མནའ (mna') (Tibetan), ant (Turkish), kasem [dated] (Turkish), yemin (Turkish), kasam (Turkmen), 𐎐𐎄𐎗 (ndr) (Ugaritic), прися́га (prysjáha) [feminine] (Ukrainian), кля́тва (kljátva) [feminine] (Ukrainian), клятьба́ (kljatʹbá) [feminine] (Ukrainian), قَسَم (qasam) [feminine] (Urdu), سَوگَنْد (saugand) [feminine] (Urdu), حَلْف (half) [feminine] (Urdu), شَپَتھ (śapath) [feminine] (Urdu), قەسەم (qesem) (Uyghur), qasam (Uzbek), ont (Uzbek), giuramento [masculine] (Venetian), lời tuyên thệ (Vietnamese), lời thề (Vietnamese), llw [masculine] (Welsh), שבֿועה (shvue) [feminine] (Yiddish)
    Sense id: en-oath-en-noun-0cRZwicY Disambiguation of Directives: 21 24 8 26 21 Categories (other): English terms with collocations, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 33 18 11 35 4 Disambiguation of 'solemn pledge': 61 32 4 2
  2. A statement or promise which is strengthened (affirmed) by such a pledge. Categories (topical): Directives Translations (affirmed statement): երդում (erdum) (Armenian), 誓言 (shìyán) (Chinese Mandarin), přísaha [feminine] (Czech), slib [masculine] (Czech), ed (Danish), løfte (Danish), eed [masculine] (Dutch), lupaus (Finnish), Eid [masculine] (German), όρκος (órkos) [masculine] (Greek), eskü (Hungarian), giuramento [masculine] (Italian), 宣誓 (sensei) (alt: せんせい) (Japanese), заклетва (zakletva) [feminine] (Macedonian), oatitanga (Maori), soz [feminine] (Northern Kurdish), ehd [feminine] (Northern Kurdish), ed [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), klątwa [feminine] (Polish), juramento [masculine] (Portuguese), ਹਲਫ਼ (halaf) [feminine] (Punjabi), кля́тва (kljátva) [feminine] (Russian), за́клетва [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), при̏сега [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), zákletva [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), prȉsega [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), prísaha [feminine] (Slovak), prisega [feminine] (Slovene), kiapo (Swahili), ed [common-gender] (Swedish), ప్రమాణం (pramāṇaṁ) (Telugu), དམ་བཅའ (dam bca') (Tibetan), söz (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-oath-en-noun-dUTwfO8p Disambiguation of Directives: 21 24 8 26 21 Categories (other): English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 33 18 11 35 4 Disambiguation of 'affirmed statement': 21 44 8 26
  3. A light, irreverent or insulting appeal to a deity or other entity.
    Sense id: en-oath-en-noun-5QUKHW~G Categories (other): English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 33 18 11 35 4
  4. A curse, a curse word. Categories (topical): Directives Translations (profanity): անեծք (aneckʿ) (Armenian), նզովք (nzovkʿ) (Armenian), հայհոյանք (hayhoyankʿ) (Armenian), 罵人話 (Chinese Mandarin), 骂人话 (màrénhuà) (Chinese Mandarin), 罵人 (Chinese Mandarin), 骂人 (màrén) (Chinese Mandarin), eiður [masculine] (Faroese), illbøn [feminine] (Faroese), kirosana (Finnish), juron [masculine] (French), Fluch [masculine] (German), káromkodás (Hungarian), szitkozódás (Hungarian), szitok (Hungarian), bestemmia [feminine] (Italian), わいせつ (waisetsu) (Japanese), пцост (pcost) [feminine] (Macedonian), пцовка (pcovka) [feminine] (Macedonian), dijûn [feminine] (Northern Kurdish), xeber [feminine] (Northern Kurdish), sixêf [feminine] (Northern Kurdish), palavrão [masculine] (Portuguese), прокля́тие (prokljátije) [neuter] (Russian), руга́тельство (rugátelʹstvo) [neuter] (Russian), мат (mat) [masculine] (Russian), псо̑вка [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), psȏvka [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), ed [common-gender] (Swedish), svordom [common-gender] (Swedish), bela (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-oath-en-noun-h3GV8Pr0 Disambiguation of Directives: 21 24 8 26 21 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 20 18 13 45 3 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 33 18 11 35 4 Disambiguation of 'profanity': 6 4 9 81
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: pledge, vow, avowal Related terms: affirmation, solemn affirmation, bloody oath [Australian, slang], fucking oath [Australian, slang]

Verb [English]

IPA: /ˈəʊθ/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈoʊθ/ [General-American] Audio: en-us-oath.ogg [US] Forms: oaths [present, singular, third-person], oathing [participle, present], oathed [participle, past], oathed [past]
Rhymes: -əʊθ Etymology: From Middle English ooth, oth, ath, from Old English āþ (“oath”), from Proto-West Germanic *aiþ (“oath”), from Proto-Germanic *aiþaz (“oath”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óytos (“oath”). Cognate with Scots aith, athe (“oath”), North Frisian ith, iss (“oath”), Saterland Frisian Eed (“oath”), West Frisian eed (“oath”), Dutch eed (“oath”), German Eid (“oath”), Swedish ed (“oath”), Icelandic eið (“oath”), Latin ūtor (“make use of, employ, avail”, verb), Old Irish óeth (“oath”). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|ooth}} Middle English ooth, {{m|enm|oth}} oth, {{m|enm|ath}} ath, {{inh|en|ang|āþ||oath}} Old English āþ (“oath”), {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*aiþ||oath}} Proto-West Germanic *aiþ (“oath”), {{inh|en|gem-pro|*aiþaz||oath}} Proto-Germanic *aiþaz (“oath”), {{inh|en|ine-pro|*h₁óytos||oath}} Proto-Indo-European *h₁óytos (“oath”), {{cog|sco|aith}} Scots aith, {{m|sco|athe|t=oath}} athe (“oath”), {{cog|frr|ith}} North Frisian ith, {{m|frr|iss|t=oath}} iss (“oath”), {{cog|stq|Eed|t=oath}} Saterland Frisian Eed (“oath”), {{cog|fy|eed|t=oath}} West Frisian eed (“oath”), {{cog|nl|eed|t=oath}} Dutch eed (“oath”), {{cog|de|Eid|t=oath}} German Eid (“oath”), {{cog|sv|ed|t=oath}} Swedish ed (“oath”), {{cog|is|eið|t=oath}} Icelandic eið (“oath”), {{cog|la|ūtor|pos=verb|t=make use of, employ, avail}} Latin ūtor (“make use of, employ, avail”, verb), {{cog|sga|óeth|t=oath}} Old Irish óeth (“oath”) Head templates: {{en-verb}} oath (third-person singular simple present oaths, present participle oathing, simple past and past participle oathed)
  1. (archaic) To pledge. Tags: archaic Categories (topical): Directives Translations (to pledge): jurer (French), დაფიცება (dapiceba) (Georgian), შეფიცვა (šepicva) (Georgian), ფიცის დადება (picis dadeba) (Georgian), giurare (Italian), eiden (Middle High German), sond xwarin (Northern Kurdish), jurar (Portuguese), jurar (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-oath-en-verb-qw-ReVTz Disambiguation of Directives: 21 24 8 26 21

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for oath meaning in All languages combined (43.2kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "abjuration oath"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "bodily oath"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "book oath"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "corporal oath"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Hippocratic oath"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "minced oath"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "my bloody oath"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "oathbound"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "oathbreach"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "oathbreaker"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "oath-brother"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "oath-helper"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "oath-helping"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "oathless"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "oath of calumny"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "oath of office"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "oath-ring"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "on oath"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ring-oath"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "take oath"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "under oath"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "weapon oath"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "ooth"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English ooth",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "oth"
      },
      "expansion": "oth",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ath"
      },
      "expansion": "ath",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āþ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āþ (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*aiþ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aiþ (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*aiþaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiþaz (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁óytos",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁óytos (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "aith"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots aith",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "athe",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "athe (“oath”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frr",
        "2": "ith"
      },
      "expansion": "North Frisian ith",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frr",
        "2": "iss",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "iss (“oath”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "Eed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Eed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "eed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian eed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "eed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch eed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Eid",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "German Eid (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "ed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish ed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "eið",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic eið (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ūtor",
        "pos": "verb",
        "t": "make use of, employ, avail"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin ūtor (“make use of, employ, avail”, verb)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "óeth",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish óeth (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English ooth, oth, ath, from Old English āþ (“oath”), from Proto-West Germanic *aiþ (“oath”), from Proto-Germanic *aiþaz (“oath”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óytos (“oath”). Cognate with Scots aith, athe (“oath”), North Frisian ith, iss (“oath”), Saterland Frisian Eed (“oath”), West Frisian eed (“oath”), Dutch eed (“oath”), German Eid (“oath”), Swedish ed (“oath”), Icelandic eið (“oath”), Latin ūtor (“make use of, employ, avail”, verb), Old Irish óeth (“oath”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "oaths",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "oath (plural oaths)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "affirmation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "solemn affirmation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Australian",
        "slang"
      ],
      "word": "bloody oath"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Australian",
        "slang"
      ],
      "word": "fucking oath"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms with collocations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with collocations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 18 11 35 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 24 8 26 21",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Directives",
          "orig": "en:Directives",
          "parents": [
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "take an oath"
        },
        {
          "text": "swear an oath"
        },
        {
          "text": "break one's oath"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2007, George Simmons Roth, Battle in Outer Space",
          "text": "But all of us took an oath to do our duty when we joined the Space Force, and I fully expect everyone to willingly keep their word. But you took no oath, and have no obligation.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2011, Mark Leyne, The Tetherballs of Bougainville: A Novel",
          "text": "There are […] brought all the way from Bougainville to present their birth certificates and testify in this courtroom, under oath, as to their given names.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A solemn pledge or promise that invokes a deity, a ruler, or another entity (not necessarily present) to attest the truth of a statement or sincerity of one's desire to fulfill a contract or promise."
      ],
      "id": "en-oath-en-noun-0cRZwicY",
      "links": [
        [
          "solemn",
          "solemn"
        ],
        [
          "pledge",
          "pledge"
        ],
        [
          "deity",
          "deity"
        ],
        [
          "ruler",
          "ruler"
        ],
        [
          "attest",
          "attest"
        ],
        [
          "truth",
          "truth"
        ],
        [
          "statement",
          "statement"
        ],
        [
          "sincerity",
          "sincerity"
        ],
        [
          "contract",
          "contract"
        ],
        [
          "promise",
          "promise"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "aa",
          "lang": "Afar",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "xiiba"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "eed"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "akl",
          "lang": "Aklanon",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "sumpa'"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "be"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "betim"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "qasam",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "قَسَم"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḥalf",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "حَلْف"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḥilf",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "حِلْف"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "yamīn",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "يَمِين"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "erdum",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "երդում"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "rup",
          "lang": "Aromanian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "giurãmintu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "rup",
          "lang": "Aromanian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "giurat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "xuramentu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "and"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ba",
          "lang": "Bashkir",
          "roman": "ant",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ант"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "prysjáha",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "прыся́га"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "kljacʹbá",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кляцьба́"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "śopoth",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "শপথ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "kośom",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "কসম"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "klétva",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кле́тва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "my",
          "lang": "Burmese",
          "roman": "sacca",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "သစ္စာ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "jurament"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ceb",
          "lang": "Cebuano",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "sumpa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "yue",
          "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
          "roman": "syun¹ jin⁴",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "宣言"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "yue",
          "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
          "roman": "syun¹ sai⁶",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "宣誓"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "nan-hbl",
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "roman": "zh-min-nan",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "宣誓"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "誓詞"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "shìcí",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "誓词"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "xuānshì",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "宣誓"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "přísaha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "ed"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "eed"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bezwering"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ĵuro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "tõotus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "vanne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "eiður"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "vala"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "serment"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "fur",
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "zur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "fur",
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ğur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "fur",
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "zurament"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "fur",
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ğurament"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "xuramento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "xura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "promesa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "pici",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ფიცი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Eid"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Schwur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "got",
          "lang": "Gothic",
          "roman": "aiþs",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "órkos",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "όρκος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "hórkos",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ὅρκος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "hórkion",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "ὅρκιον"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "shvuá",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "שבועה \\ שְׁבוּעָה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "śapath",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "शपथ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "saugand",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "सौगंद"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "qasam",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "क़सम"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "eskü"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "fogadalom"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "eiður"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "sumpah"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "mionn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "móid"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "giuramento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "alt": "ちかい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "chikai",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "誓い"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "alt": "せいやく",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "seiyaku",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "誓約"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "alt": "せんせい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "sensei",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "宣誓"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "ant",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ант"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "sert",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "серт"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "saʼpaʼthaʼ",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "សបថ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "prɑnethiən",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ប្រណិធាន"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "alt": "盟誓",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "maengse",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "맹세"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "alt": "宣誓",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "seonseo",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "선서"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "alt": "誓約",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "seoyak",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "서약"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ckb",
          "lang": "Central Kurdish",
          "roman": "swên",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "سوێن"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "sond"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "êqîn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "qesem"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "soz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "ant",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ант"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "lld",
          "lang": "Ladin",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "jurament"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "lo",
          "lang": "Lao",
          "roman": "kham sā bān",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ຄຳສາບານ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ltg",
          "lang": "Latgalian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pīzvārs"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "iūrāmentum"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "sacramentum"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "fides"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "zvērests"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "priesaika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "lb",
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Eed"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "zakletva",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "заклетва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "sumpah"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "kupu taurangi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "mrw",
          "lang": "Maranao",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "sapa'"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "tangarag",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "тангараг"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "taŋɣarig",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "Mongolian"
          ],
          "word": "ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ed"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "eid"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "jura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "jurament"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "cu",
          "lang": "Church Slavic",
          "roman": "prisęga",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "присѧга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "orv",
          "lang": "Old East Slavic",
          "roman": "kljatva",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "клꙗтва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "āþ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "non",
          "lang": "Old Norse",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "eiðr"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "os",
          "lang": "Ossetian",
          "roman": "ard",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ард"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "and",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "آند"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "sevgend",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "سوگند"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "pi",
          "lang": "Pali",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "sapatha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "sawgand",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "سوګند"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "half",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "حلف"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "sowgand",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "سُوگَند"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "qasam",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "قَسَم"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "half",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "حَلف"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "helf",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "حِلف"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "pdt",
          "lang": "Plautdietsch",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Eid"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "przysięga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "juramento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "jura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "promessa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "pa",
          "lang": "Punjabi",
          "roman": "sahũ",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "Gurmukhi",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ਸਹੁੰ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "pa",
          "lang": "Punjabi",
          "roman": "kasam",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "Gurmukhi",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ਕਸਮ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "pa",
          "lang": "Punjabi",
          "roman": "sauṉh",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "Shahmukhi",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "سَون٘ہہ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "pa",
          "lang": "Punjabi",
          "roman": "qasam",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "Shahmukhi",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "قَسَم"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "jurământ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "legământ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "rm",
          "lang": "Romansch",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "engirament"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "rm",
          "lang": "Romansch",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "güramaint"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "rm",
          "lang": "Romansch",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "angiramaint"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "rm",
          "lang": "Romansch",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "saramaint"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "prisjága",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "прися́га"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "kljátva",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кля́тва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ssy",
          "lang": "Saho",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "dhiiwa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "sa",
          "lang": "Sanskrit",
          "roman": "śapatha",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "शपथ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "sc",
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "giura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "за́клетва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "при̏сега"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "zákletva"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prȉsega"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "scn",
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "giuramentu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prísaha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prisega"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "juramento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "yamini"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "ed"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "panunumpa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "savgand",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "савганд"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "qasam",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "қасам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "half",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ҳалф"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "rif",
          "lang": "Tarifit",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tjaǧit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "tt",
          "lang": "Tatar",
          "roman": "ant",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ант"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "pramāṇaṁ",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ప్రమాణం"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "kam-sǎa-baan",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "คำสาบาน"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "bo",
          "lang": "Tibetan",
          "roman": "mna'",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "མནའ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ant"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "dated"
          ],
          "word": "kasem"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "yemin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "tk",
          "lang": "Turkmen",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "kasam"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "uga",
          "lang": "Ugaritic",
          "roman": "ndr",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "𐎐𐎄𐎗"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "prysjáha",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "прися́га"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "kljátva",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кля́тва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "kljatʹbá",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "клятьба́"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "qasam",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "قَسَم"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "saugand",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "سَوگَنْد"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "half",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "حَلْف"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "śapath",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "شَپَتھ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "ug",
          "lang": "Uyghur",
          "roman": "qesem",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "قەسەم"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "qasam"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "ont"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "vec",
          "lang": "Venetian",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "giuramento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "lời tuyên thệ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "word": "lời thề"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "llw"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 32 4 2",
          "code": "yi",
          "lang": "Yiddish",
          "roman": "shvue",
          "sense": "solemn pledge",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "שבֿועה"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 18 11 35 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 24 8 26 21",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Directives",
          "orig": "en:Directives",
          "parents": [
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "After taking the oath of office, she became the country's forty-third premier.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "The generals swore an oath of loyalty to the country.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Normandy SR-1",
          "text": "Wrex: [sigh] Before I left, I made an oath to my father's father.\nWrex: I swore to recover my family's battle armor. It was taken from him after the uprising.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A statement or promise which is strengthened (affirmed) by such a pledge."
      ],
      "id": "en-oath-en-noun-dUTwfO8p",
      "links": [
        [
          "statement",
          "statement"
        ],
        [
          "promise",
          "promise"
        ],
        [
          "strengthen",
          "strengthen"
        ],
        [
          "affirm",
          "affirm"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "erdum",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "word": "երդում"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "shìyán",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "word": "誓言"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "přísaha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "slib"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "word": "ed"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "word": "løfte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "eed"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "word": "lupaus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Eid"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "órkos",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "όρκος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "word": "eskü"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "giuramento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "alt": "せんせい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "sensei",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "word": "宣誓"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "soz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ehd"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "zakletva",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "заклетва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "word": "oatitanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ed"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "klątwa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "juramento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "pa",
          "lang": "Punjabi",
          "roman": "halaf",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ਹਲਫ਼"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "kljátva",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кля́тва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "за́клетва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "при̏сега"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "zákletva"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prȉsega"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prísaha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prisega"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "word": "kiapo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "ed"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "pramāṇaṁ",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "word": "ప్రమాణం"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "bo",
          "lang": "Tibetan",
          "roman": "dam bca'",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "word": "དམ་བཅའ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 44 8 26",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "affirmed statement",
          "word": "söz"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 18 11 35 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A light, irreverent or insulting appeal to a deity or other entity."
      ],
      "id": "en-oath-en-noun-5QUKHW~G",
      "links": [
        [
          "deity",
          "deity"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 18 13 45 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 18 11 35 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 24 8 26 21",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Directives",
          "orig": "en:Directives",
          "parents": [
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1981, Bernard Asbell, The Senate Nobody Knows",
          "text": "The farther from the Senator's office, the darker and older the furniture, the freer fly four-letter oaths, the higher the heaps of unfiled and unattended papers culminating in a frenzy of pulp in the press section[…]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A curse, a curse word."
      ],
      "id": "en-oath-en-noun-h3GV8Pr0",
      "links": [
        [
          "curse",
          "curse"
        ],
        [
          "curse word",
          "curse word"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "aneckʿ",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "word": "անեծք"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "nzovkʿ",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "word": "նզովք"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "hayhoyankʿ",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "word": "հայհոյանք"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "word": "罵人話"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "màrénhuà",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "word": "骂人话"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "word": "罵人"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "màrén",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "word": "骂人"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "eiður"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "illbøn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "word": "kirosana"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "juron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Fluch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "word": "káromkodás"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "word": "szitkozódás"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "word": "szitok"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bestemmia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "waisetsu",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "word": "わいせつ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dijûn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "xeber"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "sixêf"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "pcost",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "пцост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "pcovka",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "пцовка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "palavrão"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "prokljátije",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "прокля́тие"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "rugátelʹstvo",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "руга́тельство"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "mat",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "мат"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "псо̑вка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "psȏvka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "ed"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "svordom"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 4 9 81",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "profanity",
          "word": "bela"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈəʊθ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈoʊθ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-əʊθ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-oath.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-oath.ogg/En-us-oath.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-oath.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pledge"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "vow"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "avowal"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "oath"
  ],
  "word": "oath"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "ooth"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English ooth",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "oth"
      },
      "expansion": "oth",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ath"
      },
      "expansion": "ath",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āþ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āþ (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*aiþ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aiþ (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*aiþaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiþaz (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁óytos",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁óytos (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "aith"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots aith",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "athe",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "athe (“oath”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frr",
        "2": "ith"
      },
      "expansion": "North Frisian ith",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frr",
        "2": "iss",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "iss (“oath”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "Eed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Eed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "eed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian eed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "eed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch eed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Eid",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "German Eid (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "ed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish ed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "eið",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic eið (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ūtor",
        "pos": "verb",
        "t": "make use of, employ, avail"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin ūtor (“make use of, employ, avail”, verb)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "óeth",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish óeth (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English ooth, oth, ath, from Old English āþ (“oath”), from Proto-West Germanic *aiþ (“oath”), from Proto-Germanic *aiþaz (“oath”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óytos (“oath”). Cognate with Scots aith, athe (“oath”), North Frisian ith, iss (“oath”), Saterland Frisian Eed (“oath”), West Frisian eed (“oath”), Dutch eed (“oath”), German Eid (“oath”), Swedish ed (“oath”), Icelandic eið (“oath”), Latin ūtor (“make use of, employ, avail”, verb), Old Irish óeth (“oath”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "oaths",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oathing",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oathed",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oathed",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "oath (third-person singular simple present oaths, present participle oathing, simple past and past participle oathed)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "21 24 8 26 21",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Directives",
          "orig": "en:Directives",
          "parents": [
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To pledge."
      ],
      "id": "en-oath-en-verb-qw-ReVTz",
      "links": [
        [
          "pledge",
          "pledge"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) To pledge."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to pledge",
          "word": "jurer"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "dapiceba",
          "sense": "to pledge",
          "word": "დაფიცება"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "šepicva",
          "sense": "to pledge",
          "word": "შეფიცვა"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "picis dadeba",
          "sense": "to pledge",
          "word": "ფიცის დადება"
        },
        {
          "code": "gmh",
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "sense": "to pledge",
          "word": "eiden"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to pledge",
          "word": "giurare"
        },
        {
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "to pledge",
          "word": "sond xwarin"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to pledge",
          "word": "jurar"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to pledge",
          "word": "jurar"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈəʊθ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈoʊθ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-əʊθ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-oath.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-oath.ogg/En-us-oath.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-oath.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "oath"
  ],
  "word": "oath"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English verbs",
    "Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
    "Requests for review of Korean translations",
    "Rhymes:English/əʊθ",
    "Rhymes:English/əʊθ/1 syllable",
    "en:Directives"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "abjuration oath"
    },
    {
      "word": "bodily oath"
    },
    {
      "word": "book oath"
    },
    {
      "word": "corporal oath"
    },
    {
      "word": "Hippocratic oath"
    },
    {
      "word": "minced oath"
    },
    {
      "word": "my bloody oath"
    },
    {
      "word": "oathbound"
    },
    {
      "word": "oathbreach"
    },
    {
      "word": "oathbreaker"
    },
    {
      "word": "oath-brother"
    },
    {
      "word": "oath-helper"
    },
    {
      "word": "oath-helping"
    },
    {
      "word": "oathless"
    },
    {
      "word": "oath of calumny"
    },
    {
      "word": "oath of office"
    },
    {
      "word": "oath-ring"
    },
    {
      "word": "on oath"
    },
    {
      "word": "ring-oath"
    },
    {
      "word": "take oath"
    },
    {
      "word": "under oath"
    },
    {
      "word": "weapon oath"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "ooth"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English ooth",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "oth"
      },
      "expansion": "oth",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ath"
      },
      "expansion": "ath",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āþ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āþ (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*aiþ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aiþ (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*aiþaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiþaz (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁óytos",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁óytos (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "aith"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots aith",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "athe",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "athe (“oath”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frr",
        "2": "ith"
      },
      "expansion": "North Frisian ith",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frr",
        "2": "iss",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "iss (“oath”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "Eed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Eed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "eed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian eed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "eed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch eed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Eid",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "German Eid (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "ed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish ed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "eið",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic eið (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ūtor",
        "pos": "verb",
        "t": "make use of, employ, avail"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin ūtor (“make use of, employ, avail”, verb)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "óeth",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish óeth (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English ooth, oth, ath, from Old English āþ (“oath”), from Proto-West Germanic *aiþ (“oath”), from Proto-Germanic *aiþaz (“oath”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óytos (“oath”). Cognate with Scots aith, athe (“oath”), North Frisian ith, iss (“oath”), Saterland Frisian Eed (“oath”), West Frisian eed (“oath”), Dutch eed (“oath”), German Eid (“oath”), Swedish ed (“oath”), Icelandic eið (“oath”), Latin ūtor (“make use of, employ, avail”, verb), Old Irish óeth (“oath”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "oaths",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "oath (plural oaths)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "affirmation"
    },
    {
      "word": "solemn affirmation"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Australian",
        "slang"
      ],
      "word": "bloody oath"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Australian",
        "slang"
      ],
      "word": "fucking oath"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with collocations",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "take an oath"
        },
        {
          "text": "swear an oath"
        },
        {
          "text": "break one's oath"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2007, George Simmons Roth, Battle in Outer Space",
          "text": "But all of us took an oath to do our duty when we joined the Space Force, and I fully expect everyone to willingly keep their word. But you took no oath, and have no obligation.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2011, Mark Leyne, The Tetherballs of Bougainville: A Novel",
          "text": "There are […] brought all the way from Bougainville to present their birth certificates and testify in this courtroom, under oath, as to their given names.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A solemn pledge or promise that invokes a deity, a ruler, or another entity (not necessarily present) to attest the truth of a statement or sincerity of one's desire to fulfill a contract or promise."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "solemn",
          "solemn"
        ],
        [
          "pledge",
          "pledge"
        ],
        [
          "deity",
          "deity"
        ],
        [
          "ruler",
          "ruler"
        ],
        [
          "attest",
          "attest"
        ],
        [
          "truth",
          "truth"
        ],
        [
          "statement",
          "statement"
        ],
        [
          "sincerity",
          "sincerity"
        ],
        [
          "contract",
          "contract"
        ],
        [
          "promise",
          "promise"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "After taking the oath of office, she became the country's forty-third premier.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "The generals swore an oath of loyalty to the country.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Normandy SR-1",
          "text": "Wrex: [sigh] Before I left, I made an oath to my father's father.\nWrex: I swore to recover my family's battle armor. It was taken from him after the uprising.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A statement or promise which is strengthened (affirmed) by such a pledge."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "statement",
          "statement"
        ],
        [
          "promise",
          "promise"
        ],
        [
          "strengthen",
          "strengthen"
        ],
        [
          "affirm",
          "affirm"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A light, irreverent or insulting appeal to a deity or other entity."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "deity",
          "deity"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1981, Bernard Asbell, The Senate Nobody Knows",
          "text": "The farther from the Senator's office, the darker and older the furniture, the freer fly four-letter oaths, the higher the heaps of unfiled and unattended papers culminating in a frenzy of pulp in the press section[…]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A curse, a curse word."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "curse",
          "curse"
        ],
        [
          "curse word",
          "curse word"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈəʊθ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈoʊθ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-əʊθ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-oath.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-oath.ogg/En-us-oath.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-oath.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "pledge"
    },
    {
      "word": "vow"
    },
    {
      "word": "avowal"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "aa",
      "lang": "Afar",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "xiiba"
    },
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "eed"
    },
    {
      "code": "akl",
      "lang": "Aklanon",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "sumpa'"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "be"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "betim"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "qasam",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "قَسَم"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḥalf",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "حَلْف"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḥilf",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "حِلْف"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "yamīn",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "يَمِين"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "erdum",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "երդում"
    },
    {
      "code": "rup",
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "giurãmintu"
    },
    {
      "code": "rup",
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "giurat"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "xuramentu"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "and"
    },
    {
      "code": "ba",
      "lang": "Bashkir",
      "roman": "ant",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ант"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "prysjáha",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "прыся́га"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "kljacʹbá",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кляцьба́"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "śopoth",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "শপথ"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "kośom",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "কসম"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "klétva",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кле́тва"
    },
    {
      "code": "my",
      "lang": "Burmese",
      "roman": "sacca",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "သစ္စာ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "jurament"
    },
    {
      "code": "ceb",
      "lang": "Cebuano",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "sumpa"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "roman": "syun¹ jin⁴",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "宣言"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "roman": "syun¹ sai⁶",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "宣誓"
    },
    {
      "code": "nan-hbl",
      "lang": "Chinese",
      "roman": "zh-min-nan",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "宣誓"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "誓詞"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shìcí",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "誓词"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "xuānshì",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "宣誓"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "přísaha"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "ed"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "eed"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bezwering"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ĵuro"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "tõotus"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "vanne"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "eiður"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "vala"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "serment"
    },
    {
      "code": "fur",
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "zur"
    },
    {
      "code": "fur",
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ğur"
    },
    {
      "code": "fur",
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "zurament"
    },
    {
      "code": "fur",
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ğurament"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "xuramento"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "xura"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "promesa"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "pici",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ფიცი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Eid"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Schwur"
    },
    {
      "code": "got",
      "lang": "Gothic",
      "roman": "aiþs",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "órkos",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "όρκος"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "hórkos",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ὅρκος"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "hórkion",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ὅρκιον"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "shvuá",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "שבועה \\ שְׁבוּעָה"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "śapath",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "शपथ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "saugand",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "सौगंद"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "qasam",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "क़सम"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "eskü"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "fogadalom"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "eiður"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "sumpah"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "mionn"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "móid"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "giuramento"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ちかい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "chikai",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "誓い"
    },
    {
      "alt": "せいやく",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "seiyaku",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "誓約"
    },
    {
      "alt": "せんせい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "sensei",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "宣誓"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "ant",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ант"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "sert",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "серт"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "saʼpaʼthaʼ",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "សបថ"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "prɑnethiən",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ប្រណិធាន"
    },
    {
      "alt": "盟誓",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "maengse",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "맹세"
    },
    {
      "alt": "宣誓",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "seonseo",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "선서"
    },
    {
      "alt": "誓約",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "seoyak",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "서약"
    },
    {
      "code": "ckb",
      "lang": "Central Kurdish",
      "roman": "swên",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "سوێن"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sond"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "êqîn"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "qesem"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "soz"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "ant",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ант"
    },
    {
      "code": "lld",
      "lang": "Ladin",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "jurament"
    },
    {
      "code": "lo",
      "lang": "Lao",
      "roman": "kham sā bān",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ຄຳສາບານ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ltg",
      "lang": "Latgalian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pīzvārs"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "iūrāmentum"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "sacramentum"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fides"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "zvērests"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "priesaika"
    },
    {
      "code": "lb",
      "lang": "Luxembourgish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Eed"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "zakletva",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "заклетва"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "sumpah"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "kupu taurangi"
    },
    {
      "code": "mrw",
      "lang": "Maranao",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "sapa'"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "tangarag",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "тангараг"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "taŋɣarig",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "Mongolian"
      ],
      "word": "ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ed"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "eid"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "jura"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "jurament"
    },
    {
      "code": "cu",
      "lang": "Church Slavic",
      "roman": "prisęga",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "присѧга"
    },
    {
      "code": "orv",
      "lang": "Old East Slavic",
      "roman": "kljatva",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "клꙗтва"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "āþ"
    },
    {
      "code": "non",
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "eiðr"
    },
    {
      "code": "os",
      "lang": "Ossetian",
      "roman": "ard",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ард"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "and",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "آند"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "sevgend",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "سوگند"
    },
    {
      "code": "pi",
      "lang": "Pali",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sapatha"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "sawgand",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "سوګند"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "half",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "حلف"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "sowgand",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "سُوگَند"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "qasam",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "قَسَم"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "half",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "حَلف"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "helf",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "حِلف"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Eid"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "przysięga"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "juramento"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "jura"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "promessa"
    },
    {
      "code": "pa",
      "lang": "Punjabi",
      "roman": "sahũ",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "Gurmukhi",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ਸਹੁੰ"
    },
    {
      "code": "pa",
      "lang": "Punjabi",
      "roman": "kasam",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "Gurmukhi",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ਕਸਮ"
    },
    {
      "code": "pa",
      "lang": "Punjabi",
      "roman": "sauṉh",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "Shahmukhi",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "سَون٘ہہ"
    },
    {
      "code": "pa",
      "lang": "Punjabi",
      "roman": "qasam",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "Shahmukhi",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "قَسَم"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "jurământ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "legământ"
    },
    {
      "code": "rm",
      "lang": "Romansch",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "engirament"
    },
    {
      "code": "rm",
      "lang": "Romansch",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "güramaint"
    },
    {
      "code": "rm",
      "lang": "Romansch",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "angiramaint"
    },
    {
      "code": "rm",
      "lang": "Romansch",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "saramaint"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "prisjága",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "прися́га"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "kljátva",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кля́тва"
    },
    {
      "code": "ssy",
      "lang": "Saho",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "dhiiwa"
    },
    {
      "code": "sa",
      "lang": "Sanskrit",
      "roman": "śapatha",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "शपथ"
    },
    {
      "code": "sc",
      "lang": "Sardinian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "giura"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "за́клетва"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "при̏сега"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "zákletva"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prȉsega"
    },
    {
      "code": "scn",
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "giuramentu"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prísaha"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prisega"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "juramento"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "yamini"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "ed"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "panunumpa"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "savgand",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "савганд"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "qasam",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "қасам"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "half",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ҳалф"
    },
    {
      "code": "rif",
      "lang": "Tarifit",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tjaǧit"
    },
    {
      "code": "tt",
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "roman": "ant",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ант"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "pramāṇaṁ",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ప్రమాణం"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "kam-sǎa-baan",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "คำสาบาน"
    },
    {
      "code": "bo",
      "lang": "Tibetan",
      "roman": "mna'",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "མནའ"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ant"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "dated"
      ],
      "word": "kasem"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "yemin"
    },
    {
      "code": "tk",
      "lang": "Turkmen",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "kasam"
    },
    {
      "code": "uga",
      "lang": "Ugaritic",
      "roman": "ndr",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "𐎐𐎄𐎗"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "prysjáha",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "прися́га"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "kljátva",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кля́тва"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "kljatʹbá",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "клятьба́"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "qasam",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "قَسَم"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "saugand",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "سَوگَنْد"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "half",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "حَلْف"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "śapath",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "شَپَتھ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ug",
      "lang": "Uyghur",
      "roman": "qesem",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "قەسەم"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "qasam"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "ont"
    },
    {
      "code": "vec",
      "lang": "Venetian",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "giuramento"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "lời tuyên thệ"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "word": "lời thề"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "llw"
    },
    {
      "code": "yi",
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "roman": "shvue",
      "sense": "solemn pledge",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "שבֿועה"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "erdum",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "word": "երդում"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shìyán",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "word": "誓言"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "přísaha"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "slib"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "word": "ed"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "word": "løfte"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "eed"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "word": "lupaus"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Eid"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "órkos",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "όρκος"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "word": "eskü"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "giuramento"
    },
    {
      "alt": "せんせい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "sensei",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "word": "宣誓"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "soz"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ehd"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "zakletva",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "заклетва"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "word": "oatitanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ed"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "klątwa"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "juramento"
    },
    {
      "code": "pa",
      "lang": "Punjabi",
      "roman": "halaf",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ਹਲਫ਼"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "kljátva",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кля́тва"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "за́клетва"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "при̏сега"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "zákletva"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prȉsega"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prísaha"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prisega"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "word": "kiapo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "ed"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "pramāṇaṁ",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "word": "ప్రమాణం"
    },
    {
      "code": "bo",
      "lang": "Tibetan",
      "roman": "dam bca'",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "word": "དམ་བཅའ"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "affirmed statement",
      "word": "söz"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "aneckʿ",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "word": "անեծք"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "nzovkʿ",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "word": "նզովք"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "hayhoyankʿ",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "word": "հայհոյանք"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "word": "罵人話"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "màrénhuà",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "word": "骂人话"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "word": "罵人"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "màrén",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "word": "骂人"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "eiður"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "illbøn"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "word": "kirosana"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "juron"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Fluch"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "word": "káromkodás"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "word": "szitkozódás"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "word": "szitok"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bestemmia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "waisetsu",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "word": "わいせつ"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dijûn"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "xeber"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sixêf"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "pcost",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "пцост"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "pcovka",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "пцовка"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "palavrão"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "prokljátije",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "прокля́тие"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "rugátelʹstvo",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "руга́тельство"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "mat",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "мат"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "псо̑вка"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "psȏvka"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "ed"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "svordom"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "profanity",
      "word": "bela"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "oath"
  ],
  "word": "oath"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English verbs",
    "Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
    "Requests for review of Korean translations",
    "Rhymes:English/əʊθ",
    "Rhymes:English/əʊθ/1 syllable",
    "en:Directives"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "ooth"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English ooth",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "oth"
      },
      "expansion": "oth",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ath"
      },
      "expansion": "ath",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āþ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āþ (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*aiþ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aiþ (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*aiþaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiþaz (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁óytos",
        "4": "",
        "5": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁óytos (“oath”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "aith"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots aith",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "athe",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "athe (“oath”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frr",
        "2": "ith"
      },
      "expansion": "North Frisian ith",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frr",
        "2": "iss",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "iss (“oath”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "Eed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Eed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "eed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian eed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "eed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch eed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Eid",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "German Eid (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "ed",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish ed (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "eið",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic eið (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ūtor",
        "pos": "verb",
        "t": "make use of, employ, avail"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin ūtor (“make use of, employ, avail”, verb)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "óeth",
        "t": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish óeth (“oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English ooth, oth, ath, from Old English āþ (“oath”), from Proto-West Germanic *aiþ (“oath”), from Proto-Germanic *aiþaz (“oath”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óytos (“oath”). Cognate with Scots aith, athe (“oath”), North Frisian ith, iss (“oath”), Saterland Frisian Eed (“oath”), West Frisian eed (“oath”), Dutch eed (“oath”), German Eid (“oath”), Swedish ed (“oath”), Icelandic eið (“oath”), Latin ūtor (“make use of, employ, avail”, verb), Old Irish óeth (“oath”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "oaths",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oathing",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oathed",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oathed",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "oath (third-person singular simple present oaths, present participle oathing, simple past and past participle oathed)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To pledge."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pledge",
          "pledge"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) To pledge."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈəʊθ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈoʊθ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-əʊθ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-oath.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-oath.ogg/En-us-oath.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-oath.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to pledge",
      "word": "jurer"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "dapiceba",
      "sense": "to pledge",
      "word": "დაფიცება"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "šepicva",
      "sense": "to pledge",
      "word": "შეფიცვა"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "picis dadeba",
      "sense": "to pledge",
      "word": "ფიცის დადება"
    },
    {
      "code": "gmh",
      "lang": "Middle High German",
      "sense": "to pledge",
      "word": "eiden"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to pledge",
      "word": "giurare"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "to pledge",
      "word": "sond xwarin"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to pledge",
      "word": "jurar"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to pledge",
      "word": "jurar"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "oath"
  ],
  "word": "oath"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.