See dub on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dubber"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dub out"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "adober",
"4": "",
"5": "equip with arms; adorn"
},
"expansion": "Old French adober (“equip with arms; adorn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "adouber"
},
"expansion": "French adouber",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dubjaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to fit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dubjaną (“to fit”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "plug, peg, wedge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“plug, peg, wedge”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dubba"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic dubba",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a Late Old English (11th century) word dubban, dubbian (“to knight by striking with a sword”) perhaps borrowed from Old French adober (“equip with arms; adorn”) (also 11th century, Modern French adouber, from Proto-Germanic *dubjaną (“to fit”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“plug, peg, wedge”).\nCognate with Icelandic dubba (dubba til riddara). Compare also drub for an English reflex of the Germanic word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (third-person singular simple present dubs, present participle dubbing, simple past and past participle dubbed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 4 11 2 5 10 4 2 6 3 4 10 3 8 8 9 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii], page 154, column 2:",
"text": "You promiſt Knighthood to our forward ſonne, / Vnſheath your ſword, and dub him preſently.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885, Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, chapter II, in John Ormsby, transl., The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha […] In Four Vols, volume I, London: Smith, Elder & Co. […], →OCLC, part I, page 114:",
"text": "It occurred to him that he had not been dubbed a knight, and that according to the law of chivalry he neither could nor ought to bear arms against any knight; […].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To confer knighthood; the conclusion of the ceremony was marked by a tap on the shoulder with a sword, the accolade."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-LvmLqhh6",
"links": [
[
"knighthood",
"knighthood"
],
[
"accolade",
"accolade"
]
],
"qualifier": "now historical or ceremonial",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, now historical or ceremonial) To confer knighthood; the conclusion of the ceremony was marked by a tap on the shoulder with a sword, the accolade."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "knight"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "86 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "posveštavam",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "посвещавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pasovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "tot ridder slaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "ridderen"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "lyödä ritariksi"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "adouber"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "zum Ritter schlagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "slá til riddara"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "insignire"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "posvjaščátʹ v rýcari",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "посвяща́ть в ры́цари"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pasovať"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "dubba"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1876, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Hartford, Conn.: The American Publishing Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "They tripped along the murky aisles with the rest of the company, visiting the familiar wonders of the cave—wonders dubbed with rather over-descriptive names, such as “The Drawing-Room,” “The Cathedral,” Aladdin’s Palace,” and so on.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter V, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "As a matter of fact its narrow ornate façade presented not a single quiet space that the eyes might rest on after a tiring attempt to follow and codify the arabesques, foliations, and intricate vermiculations of what some disrespectfully dubbed as “near-aissance.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 70:",
"text": "Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers. Piling debt onto companies’ balance-sheets is only a small part of what leveraged buy-outs are about, they insist. Improving the workings of the businesses they take over is just as core to their calling, if not more so. Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 December 27, Stephen Roberts, “Bradshaw's Britain: the way to Weymouth”, in RAIL, number 999, page 52:",
"text": "Stephen reigned from 1135-1154, that nasty period of our history dubbed 'The Anarchy', when forces loyal to Stephen contested the throne with those of Henry I's daughter Matilda, who by rights should have been queen. Stephen, her cousin, plonked his own posterior on the throne.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To name, to entitle, to call."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-McEzQEu0",
"links": [
[
"name",
"name"
],
[
"entitle",
"entitle"
],
[
"call",
"call"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To name, to entitle, to call."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "designate"
},
{
"word": "name"
},
{
"word": "denominate"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "naričam",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "наричам"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "betitelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "bestempelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "nimittää"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "kutsua"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "reconnaître (en tant que...)"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "nennen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "bezeichnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "rufen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "nefna"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "intitolare"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "nominare"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "chiamare"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "denominare"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "chamar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "apelidar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "datʹ prózvišče/klíčku",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "дать про́звище/кли́чку"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okrestítʹ",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "окрести́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "narekátʹ",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "нарека́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "apodar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "utnämna"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "bo",
"english": "ming 'dogs",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "མིང་འདོགས"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 92 1 4 1 0 0 0 1",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "mtshan gsol",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"tags": [
"honorific"
],
"word": "མཚན་གསོལ"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1733–1737, Alexander Pope, [Imitations of Horace], London: […] R[obert] Dodsley [et al.]:",
"text": "A man of wealth is dubbed a man of worth.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To deem."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-UDZFpikV",
"links": [
[
"deem",
"deem"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To deem."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "consider"
},
{
"word": "think of"
},
{
"word": "deem"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], (please specify the book number), [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:",
"text": "His diadem was dropped down / Dubbed with stones.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To clothe or invest; to ornament; to adorn."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-3G-pwT3D",
"links": [
[
"clothe",
"clothe"
],
[
"invest",
"invest"
],
[
"ornament",
"ornament"
],
[
"adorn",
"adorn"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "deck out"
},
{
"word": "embellish"
},
{
"word": "decorate"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to dub a stick of timber smooth",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To dress with an adze."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-H-0voziX",
"links": [
[
"adze",
"adze"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heading) To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To dress with an adze."
],
"topics": [
"heading"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1808, Annual Register:",
"text": "For dressing or dubbing cloths, either wet or dry, otherwise than by green cards and pickards",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To strike cloth with teasels to raise a nap."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-bobylcW4",
"links": [
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
],
[
"teasel",
"teasel"
],
[
"nap",
"nap"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heading) To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To strike cloth with teasels to raise a nap."
],
"topics": [
"heading"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 14 2 4 8 5 2 4 3 4 12 3 8 8 8 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 13 3 5 8 5 3 4 3 5 12 3 7 8 7 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 12 2 4 9 5 2 4 3 4 11 3 8 9 9 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 11 2 5 10 4 2 6 3 4 10 3 8 8 9 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 12 2 5 9 5 2 4 3 4 10 3 8 8 9 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 12 2 4 9 5 2 4 3 4 11 3 8 9 9 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 12 2 4 9 5 2 4 3 4 11 3 8 9 9 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tibetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1852-1866, Charles Tomlinson, Cyclopaedia of Useful Arts and Manufactures\nWhen the skin is thoroughly cleansed, and while yet in its wet and distended state, the process of stuffing, or dubbing (probably a corruption of daubing), is performed. Both sides of the skin, but chiefly the flesh side, are smeared or daubed with a mixture of cod-oil and tallow"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To rub or dress with grease, as leather in the process of currying it."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-CmcA1HMA",
"links": [
[
"curry",
"curry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heading) To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To rub or dress with grease, as leather in the process of currying it."
],
"topics": [
"heading"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1689, James Chetham, The Anglers Vade Mecum:",
"text": "if you can dub a Fly of the exact colour of the Natural Fly, Fish at that instant take, it's sufficient",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To dress a fishing fly."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-KI4aSFJo",
"raw_glosses": [
"(heading) To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To dress a fishing fly."
],
"topics": [
"heading"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To prepare (a gamecock) for fighting, by trimming the hackles and cutting off the comb and wattles."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-TbJKcr5Y",
"links": [
[
"gamecock",
"gamecock"
],
[
"hackle",
"hackle"
],
[
"comb",
"comb"
],
[
"wattle",
"wattle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "1505-1515",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (third-person singular simple present dubs, present participle dubbing, simple past and past participle dubbed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1616–1619 (first performance), John Fletcher, “The Mad Lover”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act I, scene i:",
"text": "Now the drum dubb's.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make a noise by brisk drumbeats."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-VE0DpuKs",
"links": [
[
"brisk",
"brisk"
],
[
"drumbeat",
"drumbeat"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To do something badly."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-oy0tVnTj"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Golf",
"orig": "en:Golf",
"parents": [
"Ball games",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To execute a shot poorly."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-z5TUcLoc",
"links": [
[
"golf",
"golf"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(golf) To execute a shot poorly."
],
"topics": [
"golf",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "1505-1515",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (plural dubs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC:",
"text": "And kettle-drums, whose sullen dub\nSounds like the hooping of a tub",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A blow, thrust, or poke."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-noun--UK5lsl3",
"links": [
[
"blow",
"blow"
],
[
"thrust",
"thrust"
],
[
"poke",
"poke"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A blow, thrust, or poke."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Golf",
"orig": "en:Golf",
"parents": [
"Ball games",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A poorly executed shot."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-noun-bp~A79b~",
"links": [
[
"golf",
"golf"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(golf) A poorly executed shot."
],
"topics": [
"golf",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "1885-90. Imitative; see also flub, flubdub.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (plural dubs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1936, P. G. Wodehouse, There's Always Golf, London: The Strand Magazine:",
"text": "As I came over the hill, I saw Ernest Plinlimmon and his partner, in whom I recognized a prominent local dub, emerging from the rough on the right. Apparently, the latter had sliced from the tee, and Ernest had been helping him find his ball.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1969, Robert L. Vann, The Competitor, volumes 2-3, page 135:",
"text": "The miser, a-seeking lost gelt, / The doughboy, awaiting the battle, / May possibly know how I felt / While the long years dragged by as the dealer / As slow as the slowest of dubs, / Stuck out the last helping of tickets / 'Till I lifted—the Bullet of Clubs!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An unskillful, awkward person."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-noun-h1N8UwNE",
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, now historical) An unskillful, awkward person."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overdub"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "From a shortening of the word double.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (third-person singular simple present dubs, present participle dubbing, simple past and past participle dubbed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ADR"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "revoice"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 9 26 2 4 24 24 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Jamaican Creole translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To add sound to film or change audio on film."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-fgr7399Y",
"links": [
[
"audio",
"audio"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "84 10 2 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "dubli"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 10 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "jälkiäänittää"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 10 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "dubata"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 10 2 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dibév",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "דיבב"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 10 2 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "szinkronizál"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 10 2 4",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "hljóðsetja"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 10 2 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "doppiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 10 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dublírovatʹ",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дубли́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 10 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ozvúčivatʹ",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "озву́чивать"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 10 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ozvúčitʹ",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "озву́чить"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 10 2 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "doblar"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 10 2 4",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "skad sgyur 'jug byed",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "སྐད་སྒྱུར་འཇུག་བྱེད Literally"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 10 2 4",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"note": "“to do a translation insertion”",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 9 26 2 4 24 24 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Jamaican Creole translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make a copy from an original or master audio tape."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-3be~NhPZ",
"links": [
[
"copy",
"copy"
],
[
"original",
"original"
],
[
"master",
"master"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 82 5 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "intasaḵa",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"word": "اِنْتَسَخَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 82 5 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nasaḵa",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"word": "نَسَخَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 82 5 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"word": "複製"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 82 5 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fùzhì",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"word": "复制"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 82 5 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"word": "kopioida"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 82 5 3",
"alt": "うつす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "utsusu",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"word": "写す"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 82 5 3",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kopī-suru",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"word": "コピーする"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 82 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dublírovatʹ",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дубли́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 82 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kopírovatʹ",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "копи́ровать"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To replace the original soundtrack of a film with a synchronized translation"
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-en:translate",
"links": [
[
"replace",
"replace"
],
[
"soundtrack",
"soundtrack"
],
[
"synchronized",
"synchronized"
],
[
"translation",
"translation"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:translate"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "dablaja",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "دَبْلَجَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "dublíravacʹ",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дублі́раваць"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dublíram",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "дубли́рам"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "doblar"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pèiyīn",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "配音"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dabovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "nadabovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "nasynchroniseren"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "dubben"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "dubli"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "jälkiäänittää"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "dubata"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "doubler"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "dobrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "synchronisieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "metaglottízo",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "μεταγλωττίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dibév",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "דיבב"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "szinkronizál"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "hljóðsetja"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "döbba"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "doblar"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "doppiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"alt": "ふきかえる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fukikaeru",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "吹き替える"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bɑɑñcoul-sɑmleing",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "បញ្ចូលសំឡេង"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "deobinghada",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "더빙하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "phāk",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "ພາກ"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "menyuara"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "mengalih suara"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dubbingować"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdubbingować"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
],
"word": "dobrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
],
"word": "dublar"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dublírovatʹ",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дубли́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "sinkronizirati"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dabovať"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "nadabovať"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "doblar"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "dubba"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "pâak",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "พากย์"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "skad sgyur 'jug byed",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "སྐད་སྒྱུར་འཇུག་བྱེད Literally"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"note": "“to do a translation insertion”",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "dubljuváty",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дублюва́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 2 83 6",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "lồng tiếng"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-YNYW5gXb",
"links": [
[
"mix",
"mix"
],
[
"remix",
"remix"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 92",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix",
"word": "sämplätä"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 92",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix",
"word": "miscelare"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 92",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix",
"word": "remixa"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overdub"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dublike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dubplate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dub poetry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dub ska"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dubstep"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dubwise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lip dub"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "From a shortening of the word double.",
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{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "dub (countable and uncountable, plural dubs)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "en:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mostly instrumental remix with all or part of the vocals removed."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-noun-xnL1QV7a",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"instrumental",
"instrumental"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music, countable) A mostly instrumental remix with all or part of the vocals removed."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Music",
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"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
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}
],
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{
"ref": "2020 April 23, Alexis Petridis, “The Rolling Stones: Living in a Ghost Town review – their best new song in years”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "It’s also burnished by intriguing sense of vaguely dub-influenced space. At one point, it breaks down to little more than a stabbing, echoing organ with a vintage reggae flavour.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A style of reggae music involving mixing of different audio tracks."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-noun-wHpZqjzP",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"reggae",
"reggae"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music, uncountable) A style of reggae music involving mixing of different audio tracks."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "en:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
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},
{
"_dis": "1 5 5 2 3 8 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 4 4 9 6 1 0 2 2 3 6 2 5 3 0 4 7 7 0 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 20 2 4 7 2 2 2 2 4 16 2 7 8 8 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 12 3 4 9 5 2 5 4 4 10 4 7 8 8 4 2",
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"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 14 3 5 9 4 2 4 2 4 9 3 7 7 9 5 2",
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"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 13 3 5 8 5 3 4 3 5 10 3 7 8 8 4 2",
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"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "5 4 14 2 4 8 5 2 4 3 4 12 3 8 8 8 4 2",
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"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "4 5 13 3 5 8 5 3 4 3 5 12 3 7 8 7 3 2",
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"name": "Terms with French translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 14 2 4 8 5 2 4 3 4 10 3 8 9 9 4 2",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 12 2 4 9 5 2 4 3 4 11 3 8 9 9 4 2",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 5 15 2 4 9 5 2 4 2 5 11 2 8 10 10 4 1",
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"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 11 2 5 10 4 2 6 3 4 10 3 8 8 9 5 2",
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"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 17 2 4 8 5 2 3 2 5 11 2 8 9 9 3 1",
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"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "5 4 12 2 5 9 5 2 4 3 4 10 3 8 8 9 5 2",
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{
"_dis": "3 5 14 2 4 9 4 2 4 2 5 10 2 8 10 10 3 1",
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{
"_dis": "6 4 12 2 4 9 5 2 4 3 4 11 3 8 9 9 4 2",
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{
"_dis": "6 4 12 2 4 9 5 2 4 3 4 11 3 8 9 9 4 2",
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{
"_dis": "9 8 26 4 7 17 17 7 5",
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "10 8 26 6 7 14 14 9 5",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "9 7 23 8 11 13 16 8 5",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 9 26 2 4 24 24 3 2",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "6 9 28 4 7 18 18 7 3",
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 24 4 8 17 18 9 3",
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{
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{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "11 8 24 4 7 17 17 8 4",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 3 3 5 7 24 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 2 3 6 4 1 0 2 1 2 3 1 3 2 1 2 7 5 4 4 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Musical genres",
"orig": "en:Musical genres",
"parents": [
"Genres",
"Music",
"Entertainment",
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019 January 18, Jamie Dickson, “Khruangbin: “We’re not intending to create war with our music… It’s the absence of that aggression that a lot of rock bands have””, in Music Radar:",
"text": "But I think my bass playing is definitely dub-influenced.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 July 20, Arun Chakal, “The Worked-Up Sound of Drum & Bass in Russia and Eastern Europe”, in Bandcamp Daily:",
"text": "Dyl’s polyrhythmic grooves on The Subsurface Project fuse dub techno and drum & bass, mixing modular sounds with hints of warm, jittery jungle.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 August 3, Kane, “The Extended Cut: Zero T - Former Self EP [The North Quarter]”, in Magnetic Magazine:",
"text": "It reminded me of that classic Full Cycle vibe of jazzy soulful sounds blending with dub bass and fx.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A trend in music starting in 2009, in which bass distortion is synced off timing to electronic dance music."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-noun-PWH3bmmK",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"distortion",
"distortion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music, uncountable) A trend in music starting in 2009, in which bass distortion is synced off timing to electronic dance music."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "18 18 43 9 12",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "dāb",
"sense": "music genre",
"word": "داب"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 18 43 9 12",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "music genre",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dub"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 18 43 9 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "music genre",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dub"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 18 43 9 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "music genre",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Dub"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 18 43 9 12",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "music genre",
"word": "דָּאַב"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 18 43 9 12",
"code": "jam",
"lang": "Jamaican Creole",
"sense": "music genre",
"word": "dob"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 18 43 9 12",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "dabu",
"sense": "music genre",
"word": "ダブ"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 18 43 9 12",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "deop",
"sense": "music genre",
"word": "덥"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 18 43 9 12",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "music genre",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dub"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 18 43 9 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "music genre",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dub"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 18 43 9 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "music genre",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dub"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2001, Nancy Macdonald, The Graffiti Subculture, page 84:",
"text": "[…] we climbed up the scaffolding and did these gold little dubs and you couldn't see them.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Justin Rollins, The Lost Boyz: A Dark Side of Graffiti, page 34:",
"text": "The year 1998 was alive with graffiti and trains pulling up with dubs on their sides.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of graffiti in metallic colour with a thick black outline."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-noun-hH7LQ2~g",
"links": [
[
"graffiti",
"graffiti"
],
[
"metallic",
"metallic"
],
[
"outline",
"outline"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, countable) A piece of graffiti in metallic colour with a thick black outline."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"The replacement of a voice part in a movie or cartoon, particularly with a translation; an instance of dubbing."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-noun-Gtdm~WY8",
"links": [
[
"replacement",
"replacement"
],
[
"voice",
"voice"
],
[
"movie",
"movie"
],
[
"cartoon",
"cartoon"
],
[
"dubbing",
"dubbing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) The replacement of a voice part in a movie or cartoon, particularly with a translation; an instance of dubbing."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
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},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
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{
"args": {
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"2": "cel"
},
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},
{
"args": {
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"t": "water"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "dŵr",
"t": "water"
},
"expansion": "Welsh dŵr (“water”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Celtic; compare Irish dobhar (“water”), Welsh dŵr (“water”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (plural dubs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
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"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1886 May 1 – July 31, Robert Louis Stevenson, Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 1886, →OCLC:",
"text": "“Has he nae friends?” said she, in a tearful voice.\n“That has he so!” cried Alan, “if we could but win to them!—friends and rich friends, beds to lie in, food to eat, doctors to see to him—and here he must tramp in the dubs and sleep in the heather like a beggarman.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"A pool or puddle."
],
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"links": [
[
"pool",
"pool"
],
[
"puddle",
"puddle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, dialect) A pool or puddle."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
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},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dub sack"
}
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_text": "From shortening of double dime (“twenty”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (plural dubs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A twenty-dollar sack of marijuana."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-noun-ORBMxLd5",
"links": [
[
"marijuana",
"marijuana"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A twenty-dollar sack of marijuana."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003 January 7, “In da Club” (track 5), in Get Rich or Die Tryin', performed by 50 Cent:",
"text": "When I pull up out front, you see the Benz on dubs.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A wheel rim measuring 20 inches or more."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-noun-8XuOrJxU",
"links": [
[
"wheel",
"wheel"
],
[
"rim",
"rim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A wheel rim measuring 20 inches or more."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"etymology_number": 7,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "",
"4": "don up",
"5": "to open"
},
"expansion": "Middle English don up (“to open”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From dup (“to open”), from do + up, from Middle English don up (“to open”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (third-person singular simple present dubs, present participle dubbing, simple past and past participle dubbed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English Thieves' Cant",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dub up"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1828, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, chapter LXXXIII, in Pelham: or The Adventures of a Gentleman, page 402:",
"text": "\"Crash the cull—down with him—down with him before he dubs the jigger. Tip him the degan, Fib, fake him through and through; if he pikes we shall all be scragged.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To open or close."
],
"id": "en-dub-en-verb-KPDOLh9f",
"links": [
[
"open",
"open"
],
[
"close",
"close"
]
],
"qualifier": "thieves' cant",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, UK, thieves' cant) To open or close."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
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},
{
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"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
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}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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],
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},
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}
],
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{
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"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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}
],
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[
"lock",
"lock"
]
],
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},
{
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{
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{
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}
],
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{
"ref": "1789, George Parker, Life's Painter of Variegated Characters in Public and Private Life, page 162:",
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}
],
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],
"id": "en-dub-en-noun-sB4rNbqB",
"links": [
[
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"key"
],
[
"master key",
"master key"
],
[
"lock pick",
"lock pick"
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],
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],
"tags": [
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"obsolete"
]
}
],
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{
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{
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},
{
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],
"wikipedia": [
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}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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],
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}
],
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],
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{
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{
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],
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{
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"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Corey Pein, Live Work Work Work Die: A Journey into the Savage Heart of Silicon Valley, Metropolitan Books, →ISBN, page 119:",
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"type": "quote"
}
],
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"id": "en-dub-en-noun-en:w",
"links": [
[
"double-u",
"double-u#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:w"
],
"tags": [
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},
{
"categories": [
{
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],
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{
"text": "I haven't had a dub in a few games.",
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],
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"links": [
[
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[
"video game",
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[
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[
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"slang"
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[
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],
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"tags": [
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}
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{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
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],
"wikipedia": [
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{
"etymology_number": 9,
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}
],
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],
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{
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{
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},
{
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
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],
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[
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{
"word": "rubby-dub"
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],
"sounds": [
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{
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{
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"Northern-England"
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},
{
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],
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{
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{
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{
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],
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{
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},
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"form": "dub",
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},
{
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},
{
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"vocative"
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},
{
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"plural",
"vocative"
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},
{
"form": "dubě",
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"locative",
"singular"
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},
{
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"locative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "dubech",
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"locative",
"plural"
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},
{
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"instrumental",
"singular"
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},
{
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}
],
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{
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{
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},
{
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{
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],
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{
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{
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{
"word": "doubrava"
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{
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{
"word": "dub balkánský"
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{
"word": "dub cer"
},
{
"word": "dub cesmínovitý"
},
{
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{
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{
"word": "dub pýřitý"
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{
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{
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},
{
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],
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[
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{
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{
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},
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},
{
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},
{
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"dual"
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},
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},
{
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},
{
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"dual",
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},
{
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"instrumental",
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},
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"singular"
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},
{
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},
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}
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],
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],
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],
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},
{
"form": "o-stem",
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},
{
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},
{
"form": "duby",
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},
{
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},
{
"form": "dubové",
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"plural"
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},
{
"form": "duba",
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]
},
{
"form": "dubu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dubóv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duboma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dubóm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dube",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubiech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duboma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "dub m inan",
"name": "zlw-ocs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"name": "zlw-ocs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 0 1 2 1 1 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 2 4 2 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 2 1 0 1 3 3 0 0 0 7 9 0 0 0 0 7 0 6 9 7 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 0 2 2 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 4 3 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 3 2 0 1 4 4 0 0 0 6 7 0 0 0 0 6 0 8 7 6 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oak, oak tree"
],
"id": "en-dub-zlw-ocs-noun-0KuyNv-Q",
"links": [
[
"oak",
"oak"
],
[
"oak tree",
"oak tree"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdub/",
"note": "13ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdup/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "dubh"
},
"expansion": "Irish: dubh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: dubh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "dubh"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: dubh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: dubh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "doo"
},
"expansion": "Manx: doo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: doo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*dubus",
"4": "",
"5": "black"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "black, deep"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-adj-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dub",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub",
"name": "sga-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "duib",
"2": "duba"
},
"name": "sga-decl-adj-u"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_f_sg": "duib",
"acc_m_pl": "dubai",
"acc_m_sg": "dub",
"dat_f_sg": "duib",
"dat_m_sg": "dub",
"dat_n_sg": "dub",
"dat_pl": "dubaib",
"gen_f_sg": "dubae",
"gen_m_sg": "duib",
"gen_n_sg": "duib",
"gen_pl": "*",
"info": "u-stem",
"nom_f_sg": "dub",
"nom_fn_pl": "dubai",
"nom_m_pl": "dubai",
"nom_m_sg": "dub",
"nom_n_sg": "dub",
"notes": "*not attested in Old Irish; same as nominative singular masculine in Middle Irish",
"voc_m_pl": "dubai",
"voc_m_sg": "dub"
},
"name": "sga-decl-adj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 25 24 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "sga:Colors",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"black"
],
"id": "en-dub-sga-adj-wAbH46sU",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"morally dark, dire, gloomy, melancholy"
],
"id": "en-dub-sga-adj-DpWBcW0K",
"links": [
[
"morally",
"morally"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"dire",
"dire"
],
[
"gloomy",
"gloomy"
],
[
"melancholy",
"melancholy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[duβ]"
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*dubus",
"4": "",
"5": "black"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "black, deep"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubo",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "ndub",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "dubo",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dub n (genitive dubo)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "dubo"
},
"expansion": "dub n (genitive dubo)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "sga-decl-u"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "dub+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "dub",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "dub+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "u-n",
"dat_du": "dubaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "dubaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "dub+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "dubo+N",
"gen_du2": "duba+N",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_du4": "",
"gen_pl": "dub+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "dubo+H",
"gen_sg2": "duba+H",
"gen_sg3": "",
"gen_sg4": "",
"n": "s",
"nom_du": "dub+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "dub+L",
"nom_pl2": "duba",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_pl4": "",
"nom_sg": "dub+N",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "dub+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "dub",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "dub+N",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "d",
"2": "ub"
},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 32 49 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ó dub glosses atramento"
},
{
"english": "is this ink good thus?",
"text": "in maith a n-dubso amne",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "New parchment, bad ink! Oh, I say nothing more.",
"text": "Memmbrum naue, droch dub! Ó, ní epur na haill.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"black pigment, ink"
],
"id": "en-dub-sga-noun-3dYtMEPR",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"pigment",
"pigment"
],
[
"ink",
"ink"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"gall"
],
"id": "en-dub-sga-noun-L7JhDrrK",
"links": [
[
"gall",
"gall"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[duβ]"
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zab",
"2": "omq-zpc-pro",
"3": "*tokwaʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Zapotec *tokwaʔ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Zapotec *tokwaʔ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zab",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "dub",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "San Juan Guelavía Zapotec",
"lang_code": "zab",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "San Juan Guelavía Zapotec entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"agave"
],
"id": "en-dub-zab-noun-lfsfqaiL",
"links": [
[
"agave",
"agave"
]
]
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Dubrovnik"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dǫbъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dǫbъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰanw-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰanw-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰanw-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "дуб",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "dub"
},
"expansion": "dub m (Cyrillic spelling дуб)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Croatian Serbo-Croatian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oak (wood)"
],
"id": "en-dub-sh-noun-7FSP33lM",
"links": [
[
"oak",
"oak"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Croatia, archaic) oak (wood)"
],
"tags": [
"Croatia",
"archaic",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Croatian Serbo-Croatian",
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"source": "w"
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{
"_dis": "8 0 2 2 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 4 3 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 3 2 0 1 4 4 0 0 0 6 7 0 0 0 0 6 0 8 7 6 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "lifeform",
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"Beech family plants",
"Trees",
"Fagales order plants",
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"Shrubs",
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"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Trees",
"orig": "sh:Trees",
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"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The rock cracks, the oak breaks, let the earth quake!",
"roman": "Stijena puca, dub se lama, zemlja nek’ se trese!",
"text": "c. 1840, Dragutin Rakovac (translating Samuel Tomášik), Hej, Slaveni",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oak tree"
],
"id": "en-dub-sh-noun-WNvKP2AZ",
"links": [
[
"oak tree",
"oak tree"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Croatia, archaic) oak tree"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hrast"
}
],
"tags": [
"Croatia",
"archaic",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "sla-pro",
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"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dǫbъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "duba",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubov",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"tags": [
"declension-pattern-of"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sk-decl-noun-dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
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},
{
"form": "duba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dube",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duboch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
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}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dub",
"2": "a"
},
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{
"args": {
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"11": "duboch",
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"5": "dube",
"6": "dubom",
"7": "duby",
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"9": "dubom",
"paradigm": "dub"
},
"name": "sk-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovak entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovak terms with declension dub",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "sk",
"name": "Fagales order plants",
"orig": "sk:Fagales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 0 1 2 1 1 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 2 4 2 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 2 1 0 1 3 3 0 0 0 7 9 0 0 0 0 7 0 6 9 7 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 0 2 2 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 4 3 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 3 2 0 1 4 4 0 0 0 6 7 0 0 0 0 6 0 8 7 6 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dubček"
},
{
"word": "dúbok"
},
{
"word": "dubový"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oak, oak tree"
],
"id": "en-dub-sk-noun-0KuyNv-Q",
"links": [
[
"oak",
"oak"
],
[
"oak tree",
"oak tree"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dup]"
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "dub m (plural dubs)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "es:Music",
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"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dub"
],
"id": "en-dub-es-noun-XaajWZbQ",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"dub",
"dub#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) dub"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sux",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dub",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub",
"name": "sux-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Sumerian",
"lang_code": "sux",
"pos": "romanization",
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{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "dub",
"word": "𒁾"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sumerian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sumerian romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𒁾 (dub)"
],
"id": "en-dub-sux-romanization-YV7EFkcw",
"links": [
[
"𒁾",
"𒁾#Sumerian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "dub",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Volapük prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dubä"
}
],
"glosses": [
"due to, because of"
],
"id": "en-dub-vo-prep-lq-kAqer",
"links": [
[
"due to",
"due to"
],
[
"because of",
"because of"
]
]
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mww",
"2": "hmn-pro",
"3": "*qrɛŋᴬ",
"t": "black"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hmong *qrɛŋᴬ (“black”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hmx-mie-pro",
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"t": "black"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mien *qri̯ɛkᴰ (“black”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Hmong *qrɛŋᴬ (“black”), related to Proto-Mien *qri̯ɛkᴰ (“black”), though the details are unclear due to irregular rime and tone correspondences.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mww",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "dub",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "White Hmong",
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"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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"black"
],
"id": "en-dub-mww-adj-wAbH46sU",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
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]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dark"
],
"id": "en-dub-mww-adj-5rtWib7s",
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/du˥/"
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "tai-pro",
"3": "*dupᴬ",
"4": "",
"5": "to pound"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tai *dupᴬ (“to pound”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ทุบ"
},
"expansion": "Thai ทุบ (túp)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ທຸບ"
},
"expansion": "Lao ທຸບ (thup)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "shn",
"2": "ထုပ်ႉ"
},
"expansion": "Shan ထုပ်ႉ (thṵ̂p)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𢱕",
"2": "to pound; to strike",
"tr": "dap6"
},
"expansion": "𢱕 (dap6, “to pound; to strike”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Tai *dupᴬ (“to pound”); cognate with Thai ทุบ (túp), Lao ທຸບ (thup), Shan ထုပ်ႉ (thṵ̂p). Also compare Cantonese 𢱕 (dap6, “to pound; to strike”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𭡡",
"tags": [
"Sawndip"
]
},
{
"form": "𰔥",
"tags": [
"Sawndip"
]
},
{
"form": "𭡫",
"tags": [
"Sawndip"
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}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"10": "𭡫",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "verb",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"29": "",
"3": "",
"30": "",
"31": "",
"32": "",
"33": "",
"34": "",
"35": "",
"36": "",
"37": "",
"38": "",
"39": "",
"4": "",
"40": "",
"41": "",
"42": "",
"43": "",
"44": "",
"45": "",
"46": "",
"47": "",
"48": "",
"49": "",
"5": "Sawndip forms",
"50": "",
"51": "",
"52": "",
"53": "",
"54": "",
"55": "",
"56": "",
"57": "",
"58": "",
"59": "",
"6": "𭡡",
"60": "",
"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "dub",
"7": "or",
"8": "𰔥",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"f10sc": "Hani",
"f11sc": "Hani",
"f12sc": "Hani",
"f13sc": "Hani",
"f14sc": "Hani",
"f15sc": "Hani",
"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
"f19sc": "Hani",
"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
"f22sc": "Hani",
"f23sc": "Hani",
"f24sc": "Hani",
"f25sc": "Hani",
"f26sc": "Hani",
"f27sc": "Hani",
"f28sc": "Hani",
"f29sc": "Hani",
"f2sc": "Hani",
"f30sc": "Hani",
"f3sc": "Hani",
"f4sc": "Hani",
"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dub (Sawndip forms 𭡡 or 𰔥 or 𭡫, 1957–1982 spelling dub)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb",
"2": "𭡡",
"3": "𰔥",
"4": "𭡫"
},
"expansion": "dub (Sawndip forms 𭡡 or 𰔥 or 𭡫, 1957–1982 spelling dub)",
"name": "za-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"dub"
],
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
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{
"glosses": [
"to hit; to strike"
],
"id": "en-dub-za-verb-cLD206tT",
"links": [
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"strike",
"strike"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "moeb"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to strike with a hammer; to hammer"
],
"id": "en-dub-za-verb-TlgdIpIH",
"links": [
[
"strike",
"strike"
],
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to castrate (a male water buffalo)"
],
"id": "en-dub-za-verb-LVnQnsa4",
"links": [
[
"castrate",
"castrate"
],
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"water buffalo",
"water buffalo"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tup˧/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
]
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "verb",
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"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"29": "",
"3": "",
"30": "",
"31": "",
"32": "",
"33": "",
"34": "",
"35": "",
"36": "",
"37": "",
"38": "",
"39": "",
"4": "",
"40": "",
"41": "",
"42": "",
"43": "",
"44": "",
"45": "",
"46": "",
"47": "",
"48": "",
"49": "",
"5": "",
"50": "",
"51": "",
"52": "",
"53": "",
"54": "",
"55": "",
"56": "",
"57": "",
"58": "",
"59": "",
"6": "",
"60": "",
"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "dub",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "terms without Sawndip form",
"cat3": "",
"f10sc": "Hani",
"f11sc": "Hani",
"f12sc": "Hani",
"f13sc": "Hani",
"f14sc": "Hani",
"f15sc": "Hani",
"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
"f19sc": "Hani",
"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
"f22sc": "Hani",
"f23sc": "Hani",
"f24sc": "Hani",
"f25sc": "Hani",
"f26sc": "Hani",
"f27sc": "Hani",
"f28sc": "Hani",
"f29sc": "Hani",
"f2sc": "Hani",
"f30sc": "Hani",
"f3sc": "Hani",
"f4sc": "Hani",
"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dub (1957–1982 spelling dub)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "dub (1957–1982 spelling dub)",
"name": "za-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"dub"
],
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 16 23 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zhuang entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 21 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zhuang terms without Sawndip form",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to harrow (a paddy)"
],
"id": "en-dub-za-verb-i0mHm59C",
"links": [
[
"harrow",
"harrow"
],
[
"paddy",
"paddy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tup˧/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
]
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "doubek"
},
{
"word": "doubí"
},
{
"word": "doubrava"
},
{
"word": "dub bahenní"
},
{
"word": "dub balkánský"
},
{
"word": "dub cer"
},
{
"word": "dub cesmínovitý"
},
{
"word": "dub červený"
},
{
"word": "dub letní"
},
{
"word": "dub pýřitý"
},
{
"word": "dub slovenský"
},
{
"word": "dub zimní"
},
{
"word": "dubový"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "dub",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech dub",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "dub"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech dub",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dǫbъ",
"t": "oak tree, oak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ (“oak tree, oak”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech dub, from Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ (“oak tree, oak”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dube",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "dub m inan",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"dub"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.locě:u"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech hard masculine inanimate nouns",
"Czech inanimate nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech masculine inanimate nouns",
"Czech masculine nouns",
"Czech nouns",
"Czech terms derived from Old Czech",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Old Czech",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Czech terms with homophones",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Czech/up",
"Rhymes:Czech/up/1 syllable",
"cs:Oaks"
],
"glosses": [
"oak, oak tree"
],
"links": [
[
"oak",
"oak"
],
[
"oak tree",
"oak tree"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdup]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-up"
},
{
"homophone": "dup"
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"en:Musical genres",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dubber"
},
{
"word": "dub out"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "adober",
"4": "",
"5": "equip with arms; adorn"
},
"expansion": "Old French adober (“equip with arms; adorn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "adouber"
},
"expansion": "French adouber",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dubjaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to fit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dubjaną (“to fit”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "plug, peg, wedge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“plug, peg, wedge”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dubba"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic dubba",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a Late Old English (11th century) word dubban, dubbian (“to knight by striking with a sword”) perhaps borrowed from Old French adober (“equip with arms; adorn”) (also 11th century, Modern French adouber, from Proto-Germanic *dubjaną (“to fit”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“plug, peg, wedge”).\nCognate with Icelandic dubba (dubba til riddara). Compare also drub for an English reflex of the Germanic word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (third-person singular simple present dubs, present participle dubbing, simple past and past participle dubbed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii], page 154, column 2:",
"text": "You promiſt Knighthood to our forward ſonne, / Vnſheath your ſword, and dub him preſently.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885, Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, chapter II, in John Ormsby, transl., The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha […] In Four Vols, volume I, London: Smith, Elder & Co. […], →OCLC, part I, page 114:",
"text": "It occurred to him that he had not been dubbed a knight, and that according to the law of chivalry he neither could nor ought to bear arms against any knight; […].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To confer knighthood; the conclusion of the ceremony was marked by a tap on the shoulder with a sword, the accolade."
],
"links": [
[
"knighthood",
"knighthood"
],
[
"accolade",
"accolade"
]
],
"qualifier": "now historical or ceremonial",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, now historical or ceremonial) To confer knighthood; the conclusion of the ceremony was marked by a tap on the shoulder with a sword, the accolade."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "knight"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1876, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Hartford, Conn.: The American Publishing Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "They tripped along the murky aisles with the rest of the company, visiting the familiar wonders of the cave—wonders dubbed with rather over-descriptive names, such as “The Drawing-Room,” “The Cathedral,” Aladdin’s Palace,” and so on.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter V, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "As a matter of fact its narrow ornate façade presented not a single quiet space that the eyes might rest on after a tiring attempt to follow and codify the arabesques, foliations, and intricate vermiculations of what some disrespectfully dubbed as “near-aissance.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 70:",
"text": "Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers. Piling debt onto companies’ balance-sheets is only a small part of what leveraged buy-outs are about, they insist. Improving the workings of the businesses they take over is just as core to their calling, if not more so. Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 December 27, Stephen Roberts, “Bradshaw's Britain: the way to Weymouth”, in RAIL, number 999, page 52:",
"text": "Stephen reigned from 1135-1154, that nasty period of our history dubbed 'The Anarchy', when forces loyal to Stephen contested the throne with those of Henry I's daughter Matilda, who by rights should have been queen. Stephen, her cousin, plonked his own posterior on the throne.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To name, to entitle, to call."
],
"links": [
[
"name",
"name"
],
[
"entitle",
"entitle"
],
[
"call",
"call"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To name, to entitle, to call."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "designate"
},
{
"word": "name"
},
{
"word": "denominate"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1733–1737, Alexander Pope, [Imitations of Horace], London: […] R[obert] Dodsley [et al.]:",
"text": "A man of wealth is dubbed a man of worth.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To deem."
],
"links": [
[
"deem",
"deem"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To deem."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "consider"
},
{
"word": "think of"
},
{
"word": "deem"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], (please specify the book number), [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:",
"text": "His diadem was dropped down / Dubbed with stones.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To clothe or invest; to ornament; to adorn."
],
"links": [
[
"clothe",
"clothe"
],
[
"invest",
"invest"
],
[
"ornament",
"ornament"
],
[
"adorn",
"adorn"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "deck out"
},
{
"word": "embellish"
},
{
"word": "decorate"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to dub a stick of timber smooth",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To dress with an adze."
],
"links": [
[
"adze",
"adze"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heading) To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To dress with an adze."
],
"topics": [
"heading"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1808, Annual Register:",
"text": "For dressing or dubbing cloths, either wet or dry, otherwise than by green cards and pickards",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To strike cloth with teasels to raise a nap."
],
"links": [
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
],
[
"teasel",
"teasel"
],
[
"nap",
"nap"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heading) To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To strike cloth with teasels to raise a nap."
],
"topics": [
"heading"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1852-1866, Charles Tomlinson, Cyclopaedia of Useful Arts and Manufactures\nWhen the skin is thoroughly cleansed, and while yet in its wet and distended state, the process of stuffing, or dubbing (probably a corruption of daubing), is performed. Both sides of the skin, but chiefly the flesh side, are smeared or daubed with a mixture of cod-oil and tallow"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To rub or dress with grease, as leather in the process of currying it."
],
"links": [
[
"curry",
"curry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heading) To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To rub or dress with grease, as leather in the process of currying it."
],
"topics": [
"heading"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1689, James Chetham, The Anglers Vade Mecum:",
"text": "if you can dub a Fly of the exact colour of the Natural Fly, Fish at that instant take, it's sufficient",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To dress a fishing fly."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heading) To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.",
"To dress a fishing fly."
],
"topics": [
"heading"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To prepare (a gamecock) for fighting, by trimming the hackles and cutting off the comb and wattles."
],
"links": [
[
"gamecock",
"gamecock"
],
[
"hackle",
"hackle"
],
[
"comb",
"comb"
],
[
"wattle",
"wattle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "posveštavam",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "посвещавам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pasovat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "tot ridder slaan"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "ridderen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "lyödä ritariksi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "adouber"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "zum Ritter schlagen"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "slá til riddara"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "insignire"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "posvjaščátʹ v rýcari",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "посвяща́ть в ры́цари"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pasovať"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to confer knighthood",
"word": "dubba"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "naričam",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "наричам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "betitelen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "bestempelen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "nimittää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "kutsua"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "reconnaître (en tant que...)"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "nennen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "bezeichnen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "rufen"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "nefna"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "intitolare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "nominare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "chiamare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "denominare"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "chamar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "apelidar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "datʹ prózvišče/klíčku",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "дать про́звище/кли́чку"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okrestítʹ",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "окрести́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "narekátʹ",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "нарека́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "apodar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "utnämna"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"english": "ming 'dogs",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"word": "མིང་འདོགས"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "mtshan gsol",
"sense": "to name, to entitle, to call",
"tags": [
"honorific"
],
"word": "མཚན་གསོལ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable",
"en:Musical genres",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "1505-1515",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (third-person singular simple present dubs, present participle dubbing, simple past and past participle dubbed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1616–1619 (first performance), John Fletcher, “The Mad Lover”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act I, scene i:",
"text": "Now the drum dubb's.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make a noise by brisk drumbeats."
],
"links": [
[
"brisk",
"brisk"
],
[
"drumbeat",
"drumbeat"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To do something badly."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Golf"
],
"glosses": [
"To execute a shot poorly."
],
"links": [
[
"golf",
"golf"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(golf) To execute a shot poorly."
],
"topics": [
"golf",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable",
"en:Musical genres",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "1505-1515",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (plural dubs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC:",
"text": "And kettle-drums, whose sullen dub\nSounds like the hooping of a tub",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A blow, thrust, or poke."
],
"links": [
[
"blow",
"blow"
],
[
"thrust",
"thrust"
],
[
"poke",
"poke"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A blow, thrust, or poke."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Golf"
],
"glosses": [
"A poorly executed shot."
],
"links": [
[
"golf",
"golf"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(golf) A poorly executed shot."
],
"topics": [
"golf",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable",
"en:Musical genres",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "1885-90. Imitative; see also flub, flubdub.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (plural dubs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1936, P. G. Wodehouse, There's Always Golf, London: The Strand Magazine:",
"text": "As I came over the hill, I saw Ernest Plinlimmon and his partner, in whom I recognized a prominent local dub, emerging from the rough on the right. Apparently, the latter had sliced from the tee, and Ernest had been helping him find his ball.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1969, Robert L. Vann, The Competitor, volumes 2-3, page 135:",
"text": "The miser, a-seeking lost gelt, / The doughboy, awaiting the battle, / May possibly know how I felt / While the long years dragged by as the dealer / As slow as the slowest of dubs, / Stuck out the last helping of tickets / 'Till I lifted—the Bullet of Clubs!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An unskillful, awkward person."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, now historical) An unskillful, awkward person."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Jamaican Creole translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Musical genres",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "overdub"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "From a shortening of the word double.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (third-person singular simple present dubs, present participle dubbing, simple past and past participle dubbed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "ADR"
},
{
"word": "revoice"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To add sound to film or change audio on film."
],
"links": [
[
"audio",
"audio"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To make a copy from an original or master audio tape."
],
"links": [
[
"copy",
"copy"
],
[
"original",
"original"
],
[
"master",
"master"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To replace the original soundtrack of a film with a synchronized translation"
],
"links": [
[
"replace",
"replace"
],
[
"soundtrack",
"soundtrack"
],
[
"synchronized",
"synchronized"
],
[
"translation",
"translation"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:translate"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix."
],
"links": [
[
"mix",
"mix"
],
[
"remix",
"remix"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "dubli"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "jälkiäänittää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "dubata"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dibév",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "דיבב"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "szinkronizál"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "hljóðsetja"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "doppiare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dublírovatʹ",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дубли́ровать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ozvúčivatʹ",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "озву́чивать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ozvúčitʹ",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "озву́чить"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "doblar"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "skad sgyur 'jug byed",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film",
"word": "སྐད་སྒྱུར་འཇུག་བྱེད Literally"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"note": "“to do a translation insertion”",
"sense": "to add sound to film or change audio on film"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "intasaḵa",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"word": "اِنْتَسَخَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nasaḵa",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"word": "نَسَخَ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"word": "複製"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fùzhì",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"word": "复制"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"word": "kopioida"
},
{
"alt": "うつす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "utsusu",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"word": "写す"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kopī-suru",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"word": "コピーする"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dublírovatʹ",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дубли́ровать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kopírovatʹ",
"sense": "to make a copy from an original or master audio tape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "копи́ровать"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "dablaja",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "دَبْلَجَ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "dublíravacʹ",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дублі́раваць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dublíram",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "дубли́рам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "doblar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pèiyīn",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "配音"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dabovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "nadabovat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "nasynchroniseren"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "dubben"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "dubli"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "jälkiäänittää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "dubata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "doubler"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "dobrar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "synchronisieren"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "metaglottízo",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "μεταγλωττίζω"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dibév",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "דיבב"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "szinkronizál"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "hljóðsetja"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "döbba"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "doblar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "doppiare"
},
{
"alt": "ふきかえる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fukikaeru",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "吹き替える"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bɑɑñcoul-sɑmleing",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "បញ្ចូលសំឡេង"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "deobinghada",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "더빙하다"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "phāk",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "ພາກ"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "menyuara"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "mengalih suara"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dubbingować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdubbingować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
],
"word": "dobrar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
],
"word": "dublar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dublírovatʹ",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дубли́ровать"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "sinkronizirati"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dabovať"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "nadabovať"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "doblar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "dubba"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "pâak",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "พากย์"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "skad sgyur 'jug byed",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "སྐད་སྒྱུར་འཇུག་བྱེད Literally"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"note": "“to do a translation insertion”",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "dubljuváty",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дублюва́ти"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to replace soundtrack of a film with translation",
"word": "lồng tiếng"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix",
"word": "sämplätä"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix",
"word": "miscelare"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix",
"word": "remixa"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
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"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Jamaican Creole translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Musical genres",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dublike"
},
{
"word": "dubplate"
},
{
"word": "dub poetry"
},
{
"word": "dub ska"
},
{
"word": "dubstep"
},
{
"word": "dubwise"
},
{
"word": "lip dub"
},
{
"word": "overdub"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "From a shortening of the word double.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "dub (countable and uncountable, plural dubs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"en:Music"
],
"glosses": [
"A mostly instrumental remix with all or part of the vocals removed."
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"instrumental",
"instrumental"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music, countable) A mostly instrumental remix with all or part of the vocals removed."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Music"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2020 April 23, Alexis Petridis, “The Rolling Stones: Living in a Ghost Town review – their best new song in years”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "It’s also burnished by intriguing sense of vaguely dub-influenced space. At one point, it breaks down to little more than a stabbing, echoing organ with a vintage reggae flavour.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A style of reggae music involving mixing of different audio tracks."
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"reggae",
"reggae"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music, uncountable) A style of reggae music involving mixing of different audio tracks."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Music"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019 January 18, Jamie Dickson, “Khruangbin: “We’re not intending to create war with our music… It’s the absence of that aggression that a lot of rock bands have””, in Music Radar:",
"text": "But I think my bass playing is definitely dub-influenced.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 July 20, Arun Chakal, “The Worked-Up Sound of Drum & Bass in Russia and Eastern Europe”, in Bandcamp Daily:",
"text": "Dyl’s polyrhythmic grooves on The Subsurface Project fuse dub techno and drum & bass, mixing modular sounds with hints of warm, jittery jungle.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 August 3, Kane, “The Extended Cut: Zero T - Former Self EP [The North Quarter]”, in Magnetic Magazine:",
"text": "It reminded me of that classic Full Cycle vibe of jazzy soulful sounds blending with dub bass and fx.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A trend in music starting in 2009, in which bass distortion is synced off timing to electronic dance music."
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"distortion",
"distortion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music, uncountable) A trend in music starting in 2009, in which bass distortion is synced off timing to electronic dance music."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2001, Nancy Macdonald, The Graffiti Subculture, page 84:",
"text": "[…] we climbed up the scaffolding and did these gold little dubs and you couldn't see them.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Justin Rollins, The Lost Boyz: A Dark Side of Graffiti, page 34:",
"text": "The year 1998 was alive with graffiti and trains pulling up with dubs on their sides.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of graffiti in metallic colour with a thick black outline."
],
"links": [
[
"graffiti",
"graffiti"
],
[
"metallic",
"metallic"
],
[
"outline",
"outline"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, countable) A piece of graffiti in metallic colour with a thick black outline."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"The replacement of a voice part in a movie or cartoon, particularly with a translation; an instance of dubbing."
],
"links": [
[
"replacement",
"replacement"
],
[
"voice",
"voice"
],
[
"movie",
"movie"
],
[
"cartoon",
"cartoon"
],
[
"dubbing",
"dubbing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) The replacement of a voice part in a movie or cartoon, particularly with a translation; an instance of dubbing."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "dāb",
"sense": "music genre",
"word": "داب"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "music genre",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dub"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "music genre",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dub"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "music genre",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Dub"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "music genre",
"word": "דָּאַב"
},
{
"code": "jam",
"lang": "Jamaican Creole",
"sense": "music genre",
"word": "dob"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "dabu",
"sense": "music genre",
"word": "ダブ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "deop",
"sense": "music genre",
"word": "덥"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "music genre",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dub"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "music genre",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dub"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "music genre",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dub"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
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"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable",
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"en:Recreational drugs"
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"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "cel"
},
"expansion": "Celtic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "dobhar",
"t": "water"
},
"expansion": "Irish dobhar (“water”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "dŵr",
"t": "water"
},
"expansion": "Welsh dŵr (“water”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Celtic; compare Irish dobhar (“water”), Welsh dŵr (“water”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (plural dubs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1886 May 1 – July 31, Robert Louis Stevenson, Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 1886, →OCLC:",
"text": "“Has he nae friends?” said she, in a tearful voice.\n“That has he so!” cried Alan, “if we could but win to them!—friends and rich friends, beds to lie in, food to eat, doctors to see to him—and here he must tramp in the dubs and sleep in the heather like a beggarman.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pool or puddle."
],
"links": [
[
"pool",
"pool"
],
[
"puddle",
"puddle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, dialect) A pool or puddle."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable",
"en:Musical genres",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dub sack"
}
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_text": "From shortening of double dime (“twenty”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"A twenty-dollar sack of marijuana."
],
"links": [
[
"marijuana",
"marijuana"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A twenty-dollar sack of marijuana."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003 January 7, “In da Club” (track 5), in Get Rich or Die Tryin', performed by 50 Cent:",
"text": "When I pull up out front, you see the Benz on dubs.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A wheel rim measuring 20 inches or more."
],
"links": [
[
"wheel",
"wheel"
],
[
"rim",
"rim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A wheel rim measuring 20 inches or more."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
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"derived": [
{
"word": "dub up"
}
],
"etymology_number": 7,
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"args": {
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"3": "",
"4": "don up",
"5": "to open"
},
"expansion": "Middle English don up (“to open”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dubbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"English Thieves' Cant",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1828, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, chapter LXXXIII, in Pelham: or The Adventures of a Gentleman, page 402:",
"text": "\"Crash the cull—down with him—down with him before he dubs the jigger. Tip him the degan, Fib, fake him through and through; if he pikes we shall all be scragged.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To open or close."
],
"links": [
[
"open",
"open"
],
[
"close",
"close"
]
],
"qualifier": "thieves' cant",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, UK, thieves' cant) To open or close."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
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{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
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},
{
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],
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],
"word": "dub"
}
{
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"en:Recreational drugs"
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"derived": [
{
"word": "dubber"
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{
"word": "dub-cove"
},
{
"word": "dub-lay"
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{
"word": "dubsman"
}
],
"etymology_number": 7,
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"name": "der"
}
],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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],
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"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"English Thieves' Cant",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A lock."
],
"links": [
[
"lock",
"lock"
]
],
"qualifier": "thieves' cant",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, UK, thieves' cant) A lock."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"English Thieves' Cant",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
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{
"ref": "1789, George Parker, Life's Painter of Variegated Characters in Public and Private Life, page 162:",
"text": "[…]going upon the dobbin, is a woman dressed like a servant maid, no hat nor cloak on, a bunch of young dubs by her side, which are a bunch of small keys[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A key, especially a master key; a lock pick."
],
"links": [
[
"key",
"key"
],
[
"master key",
"master key"
],
[
"lock pick",
"lock pick"
]
],
"qualifier": "thieves' cant",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, UK, thieves' cant) A key, especially a master key; a lock pick."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
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"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
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},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
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],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable",
"en:Musical genres",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Vee Dub"
}
],
"etymology_number": 8,
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (plural dubs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "double-u"
}
],
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, Nelson Howell, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Microsoft Visual InterDev, Que Pub, →ISBN:",
"text": "World Wide Web or WWW\nPronouncing this \"dub dub dub\" (with no rub-a) will definitely establish you as an insider.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Corey Pein, Live Work Work Work Die: A Journey into the Savage Heart of Silicon Valley, Metropolitan Books, →ISBN, page 119:",
"text": "I once met a gaggle of Aussies who'd paid thousands of dollars out of their own pockets for airfare and registration to attend an annual Apple convention called the Worldwide Developers Conference, or WWDC—or, in this crowd, “Dub Dub.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of double-u."
],
"links": [
[
"double-u",
"double-u#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:w"
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English internet slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Video games"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I haven't had a dub in a few games.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of double-u.",
"A win."
],
"links": [
[
"double-u",
"double-u#English"
],
[
"video game",
"video game"
],
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"win",
"win"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Clipping of double-u.",
"(video games, Internet slang) A win."
],
"senseid": [
"en:w"
],
"tags": [
"Internet"
],
"topics": [
"video-games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb",
"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable",
"en:Musical genres",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"etymology_number": 9,
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub (plural dubs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "lub-dub"
},
{
"word": "rubby-dub"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"Indian English"
],
"glosses": [
"A small copper coin once used in India."
],
"links": [
[
"copper",
"copper"
],
[
"coin",
"coin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(India, historical) A small copper coin once used in India."
],
"tags": [
"India",
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌb/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dub.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dʊb/",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dub"
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dǫbъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-17",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dubow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duboju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duboma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dubam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duboma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "dubami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duboma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "dub m inan",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dub"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-17"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lower Sorbian inanimate nouns",
"Lower Sorbian lemmas",
"Lower Sorbian masculine nouns",
"Lower Sorbian nouns",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"dsb:Oaks"
],
"glosses": [
"oak"
],
"links": [
[
"oak",
"oak"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dup/"
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "dub"
},
"expansion": "Czech: dub",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: dub"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dǫbъ",
"4": "",
"5": "oak tree, oak",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ (“oak tree, oak”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dǫbъ",
"t": "oak tree, oak"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ (“oak tree, oak”)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ (“oak tree, oak”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dubóv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duboma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dubóm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dube",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubiech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duboma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "dub m inan",
"name": "zlw-ocs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"name": "zlw-ocs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Czech hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Old Czech inanimate nouns",
"Old Czech lemmas",
"Old Czech masculine inanimate nouns",
"Old Czech masculine nouns",
"Old Czech nouns",
"Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"oak, oak tree"
],
"links": [
[
"oak",
"oak"
],
[
"oak tree",
"oak tree"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdub/",
"note": "13ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdup/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish adjectives",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish neuter nouns",
"Old Irish neuter u-stem nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewbʰ-",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish u-stem adjectives",
"Old Irish uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sga:Colors"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "dubh"
},
"expansion": "Irish: dubh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: dubh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "dubh"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: dubh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: dubh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "doo"
},
"expansion": "Manx: doo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: doo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*dubus",
"4": "",
"5": "black"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "black, deep"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-adj-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dub",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub",
"name": "sga-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "duib",
"2": "duba"
},
"name": "sga-decl-adj-u"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_f_sg": "duib",
"acc_m_pl": "dubai",
"acc_m_sg": "dub",
"dat_f_sg": "duib",
"dat_m_sg": "dub",
"dat_n_sg": "dub",
"dat_pl": "dubaib",
"gen_f_sg": "dubae",
"gen_m_sg": "duib",
"gen_n_sg": "duib",
"gen_pl": "*",
"info": "u-stem",
"nom_f_sg": "dub",
"nom_fn_pl": "dubai",
"nom_m_pl": "dubai",
"nom_m_sg": "dub",
"nom_n_sg": "dub",
"notes": "*not attested in Old Irish; same as nominative singular masculine in Middle Irish",
"voc_m_pl": "dubai",
"voc_m_sg": "dub"
},
"name": "sga-decl-adj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"black"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"morally dark, dire, gloomy, melancholy"
],
"links": [
[
"morally",
"morally"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"dire",
"dire"
],
[
"gloomy",
"gloomy"
],
[
"melancholy",
"melancholy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[duβ]"
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish adjectives",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish neuter nouns",
"Old Irish neuter u-stem nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewbʰ-",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish u-stem adjectives",
"Old Irish uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sga:Colors"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*dubus",
"4": "",
"5": "black"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "black, deep"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubo",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "ndub",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "dubo",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dub n (genitive dubo)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "dubo"
},
"expansion": "dub n (genitive dubo)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "sga-decl-u"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "dub+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "dub",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "dub+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "u-n",
"dat_du": "dubaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "dubaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "dub+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "dubo+N",
"gen_du2": "duba+N",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_du4": "",
"gen_pl": "dub+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "dubo+H",
"gen_sg2": "duba+H",
"gen_sg3": "",
"gen_sg4": "",
"n": "s",
"nom_du": "dub+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "dub+L",
"nom_pl2": "duba",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_pl4": "",
"nom_sg": "dub+N",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "dub+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "dub",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "dub+N",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "d",
"2": "ub"
},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ó dub glosses atramento"
},
{
"english": "is this ink good thus?",
"text": "in maith a n-dubso amne",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "New parchment, bad ink! Oh, I say nothing more.",
"text": "Memmbrum naue, droch dub! Ó, ní epur na haill.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"black pigment, ink"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"pigment",
"pigment"
],
[
"ink",
"ink"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"gall"
],
"links": [
[
"gall",
"gall"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[duβ]"
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zab",
"2": "omq-zpc-pro",
"3": "*tokwaʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Zapotec *tokwaʔ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Zapotec *tokwaʔ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zab",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "dub",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "San Juan Guelavía Zapotec",
"lang_code": "zab",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"San Juan Guelavía Zapotec entries with incorrect language header",
"San Juan Guelavía Zapotec lemmas",
"San Juan Guelavía Zapotec nouns",
"San Juan Guelavía Zapotec terms derived from Proto-Zapotec",
"San Juan Guelavía Zapotec terms inherited from Proto-Zapotec"
],
"glosses": [
"agave"
],
"links": [
[
"agave",
"agave"
]
]
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with redundant head parameter",
"sh:Oaks",
"sh:Trees"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Dubrovnik"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dǫbъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dǫbъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰanw-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰanw-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰanw-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "дуб",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "dub"
},
"expansion": "dub m (Cyrillic spelling дуб)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Croatian Serbo-Croatian",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"oak (wood)"
],
"links": [
[
"oak",
"oak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Croatia, archaic) oak (wood)"
],
"tags": [
"Croatia",
"archaic",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Croatian Serbo-Croatian",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with archaic senses",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The rock cracks, the oak breaks, let the earth quake!",
"roman": "Stijena puca, dub se lama, zemlja nek’ se trese!",
"text": "c. 1840, Dragutin Rakovac (translating Samuel Tomášik), Hej, Slaveni",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oak tree"
],
"links": [
[
"oak tree",
"oak tree"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Croatia, archaic) oak tree"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hrast"
}
],
"tags": [
"Croatia",
"archaic",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dubček"
},
{
"word": "dúbok"
},
{
"word": "dubový"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dǫbъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dǫbъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "duba",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubov",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"tags": [
"declension-pattern-of"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sk-decl-noun-dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dub",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dube",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duboch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dubom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dubmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"decl": "dub",
"gen": "duba",
"genpl": "dubov",
"pl": "duby"
},
"expansion": "dub m inan (genitive singular duba, nominative plural duby, genitive plural dubov, declension pattern of dub)",
"name": "sk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dub",
"2": "a"
},
"name": "sk-decl-noun-dub"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dub",
"10": "duby",
"11": "duboch",
"12": "dubmi",
"2": "duba",
"3": "dubu",
"4": "dub",
"5": "dube",
"6": "dubom",
"7": "duby",
"8": "dubov",
"9": "dubom",
"paradigm": "dub"
},
"name": "sk-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Slovak entries with incorrect language header",
"Slovak inanimate nouns",
"Slovak lemmas",
"Slovak masculine nouns",
"Slovak nouns",
"Slovak terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Slovak terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Slovak terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Slovak terms with declension dub",
"sk:Fagales order plants"
],
"glosses": [
"oak, oak tree"
],
"links": [
[
"oak",
"oak"
],
[
"oak tree",
"oak tree"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dup]"
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "dubs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "dub m (plural dubs)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"es:Music"
],
"glosses": [
"dub"
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"dub",
"dub#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) dub"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sux",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dub",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dub",
"name": "sux-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Sumerian",
"lang_code": "sux",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "dub",
"word": "𒁾"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sumerian entries with incorrect language header",
"Sumerian non-lemma forms",
"Sumerian romanizations"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𒁾 (dub)"
],
"links": [
[
"𒁾",
"𒁾#Sumerian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dubä"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "dub",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"Volapük lemmas",
"Volapük prepositions"
],
"glosses": [
"due to, because of"
],
"links": [
[
"due to",
"due to"
],
[
"because of",
"because of"
]
]
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"White Hmong adjectives",
"White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
"White Hmong lemmas",
"White Hmong terms derived from Proto-Hmong",
"White Hmong terms inherited from Proto-Hmong",
"White Hmong terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mww",
"2": "hmn-pro",
"3": "*qrɛŋᴬ",
"t": "black"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hmong *qrɛŋᴬ (“black”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hmx-mie-pro",
"2": "*qri̯ɛkᴰ",
"t": "black"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mien *qri̯ɛkᴰ (“black”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Hmong *qrɛŋᴬ (“black”), related to Proto-Mien *qri̯ɛkᴰ (“black”), though the details are unclear due to irregular rime and tone correspondences.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mww",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "dub",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "White Hmong",
"lang_code": "mww",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"black"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dark"
],
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/du˥/"
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zhuang 1-syllable words",
"Zhuang entries with incorrect language header",
"Zhuang lemmas",
"Zhuang terms derived from Proto-Tai",
"Zhuang terms inherited from Proto-Tai",
"Zhuang terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Zhuang terms without Sawndip form",
"Zhuang verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "tai-pro",
"3": "*dupᴬ",
"4": "",
"5": "to pound"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tai *dupᴬ (“to pound”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ทุบ"
},
"expansion": "Thai ทุบ (túp)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ທຸບ"
},
"expansion": "Lao ທຸບ (thup)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "shn",
"2": "ထုပ်ႉ"
},
"expansion": "Shan ထုပ်ႉ (thṵ̂p)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𢱕",
"2": "to pound; to strike",
"tr": "dap6"
},
"expansion": "𢱕 (dap6, “to pound; to strike”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Tai *dupᴬ (“to pound”); cognate with Thai ทุบ (túp), Lao ທຸບ (thup), Shan ထုပ်ႉ (thṵ̂p). Also compare Cantonese 𢱕 (dap6, “to pound; to strike”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𭡡",
"tags": [
"Sawndip"
]
},
{
"form": "𰔥",
"tags": [
"Sawndip"
]
},
{
"form": "𭡫",
"tags": [
"Sawndip"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"10": "𭡫",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "verb",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"29": "",
"3": "",
"30": "",
"31": "",
"32": "",
"33": "",
"34": "",
"35": "",
"36": "",
"37": "",
"38": "",
"39": "",
"4": "",
"40": "",
"41": "",
"42": "",
"43": "",
"44": "",
"45": "",
"46": "",
"47": "",
"48": "",
"49": "",
"5": "Sawndip forms",
"50": "",
"51": "",
"52": "",
"53": "",
"54": "",
"55": "",
"56": "",
"57": "",
"58": "",
"59": "",
"6": "𭡡",
"60": "",
"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "dub",
"7": "or",
"8": "𰔥",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"f10sc": "Hani",
"f11sc": "Hani",
"f12sc": "Hani",
"f13sc": "Hani",
"f14sc": "Hani",
"f15sc": "Hani",
"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
"f19sc": "Hani",
"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
"f22sc": "Hani",
"f23sc": "Hani",
"f24sc": "Hani",
"f25sc": "Hani",
"f26sc": "Hani",
"f27sc": "Hani",
"f28sc": "Hani",
"f29sc": "Hani",
"f2sc": "Hani",
"f30sc": "Hani",
"f3sc": "Hani",
"f4sc": "Hani",
"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dub (Sawndip forms 𭡡 or 𰔥 or 𭡫, 1957–1982 spelling dub)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb",
"2": "𭡡",
"3": "𰔥",
"4": "𭡫"
},
"expansion": "dub (Sawndip forms 𭡡 or 𰔥 or 𭡫, 1957–1982 spelling dub)",
"name": "za-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"dub"
],
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to hit; to strike"
],
"links": [
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"strike",
"strike"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "moeb"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to strike with a hammer; to hammer"
],
"links": [
[
"strike",
"strike"
],
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to castrate (a male water buffalo)"
],
"links": [
[
"castrate",
"castrate"
],
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"water buffalo",
"water buffalo"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tup˧/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
]
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zhuang 1-syllable words",
"Zhuang entries with incorrect language header",
"Zhuang lemmas",
"Zhuang terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Zhuang terms without Sawndip form",
"Zhuang verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "verb",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"29": "",
"3": "",
"30": "",
"31": "",
"32": "",
"33": "",
"34": "",
"35": "",
"36": "",
"37": "",
"38": "",
"39": "",
"4": "",
"40": "",
"41": "",
"42": "",
"43": "",
"44": "",
"45": "",
"46": "",
"47": "",
"48": "",
"49": "",
"5": "",
"50": "",
"51": "",
"52": "",
"53": "",
"54": "",
"55": "",
"56": "",
"57": "",
"58": "",
"59": "",
"6": "",
"60": "",
"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "dub",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "terms without Sawndip form",
"cat3": "",
"f10sc": "Hani",
"f11sc": "Hani",
"f12sc": "Hani",
"f13sc": "Hani",
"f14sc": "Hani",
"f15sc": "Hani",
"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
"f19sc": "Hani",
"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
"f22sc": "Hani",
"f23sc": "Hani",
"f24sc": "Hani",
"f25sc": "Hani",
"f26sc": "Hani",
"f27sc": "Hani",
"f28sc": "Hani",
"f29sc": "Hani",
"f2sc": "Hani",
"f30sc": "Hani",
"f3sc": "Hani",
"f4sc": "Hani",
"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dub (1957–1982 spelling dub)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "dub (1957–1982 spelling dub)",
"name": "za-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"dub"
],
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to harrow (a paddy)"
],
"links": [
[
"harrow",
"harrow"
],
[
"paddy",
"paddy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tup˧/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
]
}
],
"word": "dub"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dub meaning in All languages combined (84.3kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old Irish]; cleaned text: Initial mutations of a following adjective: *ᴴ = triggers aspiration *ᴸ = triggers lenition *ᴺ = triggers nasalization",
"path": [
"dub"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: 1957–1982 spelling dub",
"path": [
"dub"
],
"section": "Zhuang",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: 1957–1982 spelling dub",
"path": [
"dub"
],
"section": "Zhuang",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "dub/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Northern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"dubber\"}, {\"word\": \"dub out\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"adober\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"equip with arms; adorn\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French adober (“equip with arms; adorn”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"adouber\"}, \"expansion\": \"French adouber\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*dubjaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to fit\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *dubjaną (“to fit”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*dʰewbʰ-\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"plug, peg, wedge\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“plug, peg, wedge”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"dubba\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic dubba\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From a Late Old English (11th century) word dubban, dubbian (“to knight by striking with a sword”) perhaps borrowed from Old French adober (“equip with arms; adorn”) (also 11th century, Modern French adouber, from Proto-Germanic *dubjaną (“to fit”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“plug, peg, wedge”).\\nCognate with Icelandic dubba (dubba til riddara). Compare also drub for an English reflex of the Germanic word.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"dubs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbing\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbed\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbed\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"dub (third-person singular simple present dubs, present participle dubbing, simple past and past participle dubbed)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with historical senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii], page 154, column 2:\", \"text\": \"You promiſt Knighthood to our forward ſonne, / Vnſheath your ſword, and dub him preſently.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1885, Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, chapter II, in John Ormsby, transl., The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha […] In Four Vols, volume I, London: Smith, Elder & Co. […], →OCLC, part I, page 114:\", \"text\": \"It occurred to him that he had not been dubbed a knight, and that according to the law of chivalry he neither could nor ought to bear arms against any knight; […].\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To confer knighthood; the conclusion of the ceremony was marked by a tap on the shoulder with a sword, the accolade.\"], \"links\": [[\"knighthood\", \"knighthood\"], [\"accolade\", \"accolade\"]], \"qualifier\": \"now historical or ceremonial\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, now historical or ceremonial) To confer knighthood; the conclusion of the ceremony was marked by a tap on the shoulder with a sword, the accolade.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"knight\"}], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1876, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Hartford, Conn.: The American Publishing Company, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"They tripped along the murky aisles with the rest of the company, visiting the familiar wonders of the cave—wonders dubbed with rather over-descriptive names, such as “The Drawing-Room,” “The Cathedral,” Aladdin’s Palace,” and so on.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter V, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"As a matter of fact its narrow ornate façade presented not a single quiet space that the eyes might rest on after a tiring attempt to follow and codify the arabesques, foliations, and intricate vermiculations of what some disrespectfully dubbed as “near-aissance.”\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 70:\", \"text\": \"Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers. Piling debt onto companies’ balance-sheets is only a small part of what leveraged buy-outs are about, they insist. Improving the workings of the businesses they take over is just as core to their calling, if not more so. Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2023 December 27, Stephen Roberts, “Bradshaw's Britain: the way to Weymouth”, in RAIL, number 999, page 52:\", \"text\": \"Stephen reigned from 1135-1154, that nasty period of our history dubbed 'The Anarchy', when forces loyal to Stephen contested the throne with those of Henry I's daughter Matilda, who by rights should have been queen. Stephen, her cousin, plonked his own posterior on the throne.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To name, to entitle, to call.\"], \"links\": [[\"name\", \"name\"], [\"entitle\", \"entitle\"], [\"call\", \"call\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To name, to entitle, to call.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"designate\"}, {\"word\": \"name\"}, {\"word\": \"denominate\"}], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1733–1737, Alexander Pope, [Imitations of Horace], London: […] R[obert] Dodsley [et al.]:\", \"text\": \"A man of wealth is dubbed a man of worth.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To deem.\"], \"links\": [[\"deem\", \"deem\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To deem.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"consider\"}, {\"word\": \"think of\"}, {\"word\": \"deem\"}], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Middle English terms with quotations\", \"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], (please specify the book number), [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"His diadem was dropped down / Dubbed with stones.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To clothe or invest; to ornament; to adorn.\"], \"links\": [[\"clothe\", \"clothe\"], [\"invest\", \"invest\"], [\"ornament\", \"ornament\"], [\"adorn\", \"adorn\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"deck out\"}, {\"word\": \"embellish\"}, {\"word\": \"decorate\"}]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to dub a stick of timber smooth\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.\", \"To dress with an adze.\"], \"links\": [[\"adze\", \"adze\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(heading) To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.\", \"To dress with an adze.\"], \"topics\": [\"heading\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1808, Annual Register:\", \"text\": \"For dressing or dubbing cloths, either wet or dry, otherwise than by green cards and pickards\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.\", \"To strike cloth with teasels to raise a nap.\"], \"links\": [[\"cloth\", \"cloth\"], [\"teasel\", \"teasel\"], [\"nap\", \"nap\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(heading) To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.\", \"To strike cloth with teasels to raise a nap.\"], \"topics\": [\"heading\"]}, {\"examples\": [{\"text\": \"1852-1866, Charles Tomlinson, Cyclopaedia of Useful Arts and Manufactures\\nWhen the skin is thoroughly cleansed, and while yet in its wet and distended state, the process of stuffing, or dubbing (probably a corruption of daubing), is performed. Both sides of the skin, but chiefly the flesh side, are smeared or daubed with a mixture of cod-oil and tallow\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.\", \"To rub or dress with grease, as leather in the process of currying it.\"], \"links\": [[\"curry\", \"curry\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(heading) To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.\", \"To rub or dress with grease, as leather in the process of currying it.\"], \"topics\": [\"heading\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1689, James Chetham, The Anglers Vade Mecum:\", \"text\": \"if you can dub a Fly of the exact colour of the Natural Fly, Fish at that instant take, it's sufficient\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.\", \"To dress a fishing fly.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(heading) To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.\", \"To dress a fishing fly.\"], \"topics\": [\"heading\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To prepare (a gamecock) for fighting, by trimming the hackles and cutting off the comb and wattles.\"], \"links\": [[\"gamecock\", \"gamecock\"], [\"hackle\", \"hackle\"], [\"comb\", \"comb\"], [\"wattle\", \"wattle\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dʌb/\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-au-dub.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dʊb/\", \"tags\": [\"Ireland\", \"Northern-England\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌb\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"posveštavam\", \"sense\": \"to confer knighthood\", \"word\": \"посвещавам\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to confer knighthood\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"pasovat\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to confer knighthood\", \"word\": \"tot ridder slaan\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to confer knighthood\", \"word\": \"ridderen\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to confer knighthood\", \"word\": \"lyödä ritariksi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to confer knighthood\", \"word\": \"adouber\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to confer knighthood\", \"word\": \"zum Ritter schlagen\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to confer knighthood\", \"word\": \"slá til riddara\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to confer knighthood\", \"word\": \"insignire\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"posvjaščátʹ v rýcari\", \"sense\": \"to confer knighthood\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"посвяща́ть в ры́цари\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to confer knighthood\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"pasovať\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to confer knighthood\", \"word\": \"dubba\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"naričam\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"наричам\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"betitelen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"bestempelen\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"nimittää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"kutsua\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"reconnaître (en tant que...)\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"nennen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"bezeichnen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"rufen\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"nefna\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"intitolare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"nominare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"chiamare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"denominare\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"chamar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"apelidar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"datʹ prózvišče/klíčku\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"дать про́звище/кли́чку\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"okrestítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"окрести́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"narekátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"нарека́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"apodar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"utnämna\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"english\": \"ming 'dogs\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"word\": \"མིང་འདོགས\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"mtshan gsol\", \"sense\": \"to name, to entitle, to call\", \"tags\": [\"honorific\"], \"word\": \"མཚན་གསོལ\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"dub\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "dub/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Northern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_text\": \"1505-1515\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"dubs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbing\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbed\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbed\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"dub (third-person singular simple present dubs, present participle dubbing, simple past and past participle dubbed)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1616–1619 (first performance), John Fletcher, “The Mad Lover”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act I, scene i:\", \"text\": \"Now the drum dubb's.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To make a noise by brisk drumbeats.\"], \"links\": [[\"brisk\", \"brisk\"], [\"drumbeat\", \"drumbeat\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To do something badly.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Golf\"], \"glosses\": [\"To execute a shot poorly.\"], \"links\": [[\"golf\", \"golf\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(golf) To execute a shot poorly.\"], \"topics\": [\"golf\", \"hobbies\", \"lifestyle\", \"sports\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dʌb/\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-au-dub.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dʊb/\", \"tags\": [\"Ireland\", \"Northern-England\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌb\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"dub\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "dub/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Northern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_text\": \"1505-1515\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"dubs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"dub (plural dubs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with rare senses\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"And kettle-drums, whose sullen dub\\nSounds like the hooping of a tub\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A blow, thrust, or poke.\"], \"links\": [[\"blow\", \"blow\"], [\"thrust\", \"thrust\"], [\"poke\", \"poke\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(rare) A blow, thrust, or poke.\"], \"tags\": [\"rare\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Golf\"], \"glosses\": [\"A poorly executed shot.\"], \"links\": [[\"golf\", \"golf\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(golf) A poorly executed shot.\"], \"topics\": [\"golf\", \"hobbies\", \"lifestyle\", \"sports\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dʌb/\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-au-dub.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dʊb/\", \"tags\": [\"Ireland\", \"Northern-England\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌb\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"dub\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "dub/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Northern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"etymology_number\": 3, \"etymology_text\": \"1885-90. Imitative; see also flub, flubdub.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"dubs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"dub (plural dubs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English slang\", \"English terms with historical senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1936, P. G. Wodehouse, There's Always Golf, London: The Strand Magazine:\", \"text\": \"As I came over the hill, I saw Ernest Plinlimmon and his partner, in whom I recognized a prominent local dub, emerging from the rough on the right. Apparently, the latter had sliced from the tee, and Ernest had been helping him find his ball.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1969, Robert L. Vann, The Competitor, volumes 2-3, page 135:\", \"text\": \"The miser, a-seeking lost gelt, / The doughboy, awaiting the battle, / May possibly know how I felt / While the long years dragged by as the dealer / As slow as the slowest of dubs, / Stuck out the last helping of tickets / 'Till I lifted—the Bullet of Clubs!\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An unskillful, awkward person.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(slang, now historical) An unskillful, awkward person.\"], \"tags\": [\"historical\", \"slang\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dʌb/\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-au-dub.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dʊb/\", \"tags\": [\"Ireland\", \"Northern-England\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌb\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"dub\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "dub/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Northern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Jamaican Creole translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"overdub\"}], \"etymology_number\": 4, \"etymology_text\": \"From a shortening of the word double.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"dubs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbing\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbed\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbed\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"dub (third-person singular simple present dubs, present participle dubbing, simple past and past participle dubbed)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"ADR\"}, {\"word\": \"revoice\"}], \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"To add sound to film or change audio on film.\"], \"links\": [[\"audio\", \"audio\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To make a copy from an original or master audio tape.\"], \"links\": [[\"copy\", \"copy\"], [\"original\", \"original\"], [\"master\", \"master\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To replace the original soundtrack of a film with a synchronized translation\"], \"links\": [[\"replace\", \"replace\"], [\"soundtrack\", \"soundtrack\"], [\"synchronized\", \"synchronized\"], [\"translation\", \"translation\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:translate\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix.\"], \"links\": [[\"mix\", \"mix\"], [\"remix\", \"remix\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dʌb/\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-au-dub.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dʊb/\", \"tags\": [\"Ireland\", \"Northern-England\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌb\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"dubli\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"jälkiäänittää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"dubata\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"dibév\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"דיבב\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"szinkronizál\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"hljóðsetja\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"doppiare\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"dublírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дубли́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"ozvúčivatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"озву́чивать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"ozvúčitʹ\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"озву́чить\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"doblar\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"skad sgyur 'jug byed\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"སྐད་སྒྱུར་འཇུག་བྱེད Literally\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"note\": \"“to do a translation insertion”\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intasaḵa\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"اِنْتَسَخَ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nasaḵa\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"نَسَخَ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"複製\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"fùzhì\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"复制\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"kopioida\"}, {\"alt\": \"うつす\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"utsusu\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"写す\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kopī-suru\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"コピーする\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"dublírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дубли́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"kopírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"копи́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"dablaja\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"دَبْلَجَ\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"dublíravacʹ\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дублі́раваць\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"dublíram\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"дубли́рам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doblar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"pèiyīn\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"配音\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"dabovat\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"nadabovat\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"nasynchroniseren\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dubben\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dubli\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"jälkiäänittää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dubata\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doubler\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dobrar\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"synchronisieren\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"metaglottízo\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"μεταγλωττίζω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"dibév\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"דיבב\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"szinkronizál\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"hljóðsetja\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"colloquial\", \"nonstandard\"], \"word\": \"döbba\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doblar\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doppiare\"}, {\"alt\": \"ふきかえる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"fukikaeru\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"吹き替える\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"bɑɑñcoul-sɑmleing\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"បញ្ចូលសំឡេង\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"deobinghada\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"더빙하다\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"phāk\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"ພາກ\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"menyuara\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"mengalih suara\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"dubbingować\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zdubbingować\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"Portugal\"], \"word\": \"dobrar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"Brazil\"], \"word\": \"dublar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"dublírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дубли́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"sinkronizirati\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"dabovať\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"nadabovať\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doblar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dubba\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"pâak\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"พากย์\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"skad sgyur 'jug byed\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"སྐད་སྒྱུར་འཇུག་བྱེད Literally\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"note\": \"“to do a translation insertion”\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"dubljuváty\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дублюва́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"lồng tiếng\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix\", \"word\": \"sämplätä\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix\", \"word\": \"miscelare\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix\", \"word\": \"remixa\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"dub\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "dub/English/verb: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"note\": \"\\u201cto do a translation insertion\\u201d\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\"}: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Jamaican Creole translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"overdub\"}], \"etymology_number\": 4, \"etymology_text\": \"From a shortening of the word double.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"dubs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbing\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbed\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbed\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"dub (third-person singular simple present dubs, present participle dubbing, simple past and past participle dubbed)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"ADR\"}, {\"word\": \"revoice\"}], \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"To add sound to film or change audio on film.\"], \"links\": [[\"audio\", \"audio\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To make a copy from an original or master audio tape.\"], \"links\": [[\"copy\", \"copy\"], [\"original\", \"original\"], [\"master\", \"master\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To replace the original soundtrack of a film with a synchronized translation\"], \"links\": [[\"replace\", \"replace\"], [\"soundtrack\", \"soundtrack\"], [\"synchronized\", \"synchronized\"], [\"translation\", \"translation\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:translate\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix.\"], \"links\": [[\"mix\", \"mix\"], [\"remix\", \"remix\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dʌb/\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-au-dub.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dʊb/\", \"tags\": [\"Ireland\", \"Northern-England\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌb\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"dubli\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"jälkiäänittää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"dubata\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"dibév\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"דיבב\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"szinkronizál\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"hljóðsetja\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"doppiare\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"dublírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дубли́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"ozvúčivatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"озву́чивать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"ozvúčitʹ\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"озву́чить\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"doblar\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"skad sgyur 'jug byed\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"སྐད་སྒྱུར་འཇུག་བྱེད Literally\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"note\": \"“to do a translation insertion”\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intasaḵa\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"اِنْتَسَخَ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nasaḵa\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"نَسَخَ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"複製\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"fùzhì\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"复制\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"kopioida\"}, {\"alt\": \"うつす\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"utsusu\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"写す\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kopī-suru\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"コピーする\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"dublírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дубли́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"kopírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"копи́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"dablaja\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"دَبْلَجَ\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"dublíravacʹ\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дублі́раваць\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"dublíram\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"дубли́рам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doblar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"pèiyīn\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"配音\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"dabovat\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"nadabovat\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"nasynchroniseren\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dubben\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dubli\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"jälkiäänittää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dubata\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doubler\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dobrar\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"synchronisieren\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"metaglottízo\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"μεταγλωττίζω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"dibév\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"דיבב\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"szinkronizál\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"hljóðsetja\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"colloquial\", \"nonstandard\"], \"word\": \"döbba\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doblar\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doppiare\"}, {\"alt\": \"ふきかえる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"fukikaeru\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"吹き替える\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"bɑɑñcoul-sɑmleing\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"បញ្ចូលសំឡេង\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"deobinghada\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"더빙하다\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"phāk\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"ພາກ\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"menyuara\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"mengalih suara\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"dubbingować\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zdubbingować\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"Portugal\"], \"word\": \"dobrar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"Brazil\"], \"word\": \"dublar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"dublírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дубли́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"sinkronizirati\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"dabovať\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"nadabovať\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doblar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dubba\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"pâak\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"พากย์\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"skad sgyur 'jug byed\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"སྐད་སྒྱུར་འཇུག་བྱེད Literally\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"note\": \"“to do a translation insertion”\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"dubljuváty\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дублюва́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"lồng tiếng\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix\", \"word\": \"sämplätä\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix\", \"word\": \"miscelare\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix\", \"word\": \"remixa\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"dub\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "dub/English/verb: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"note\": \"\\u201cto do a translation insertion\\u201d\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\"}: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Jamaican Creole translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"overdub\"}], \"etymology_number\": 4, \"etymology_text\": \"From a shortening of the word double.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"dubs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbing\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbed\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbed\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"dub (third-person singular simple present dubs, present participle dubbing, simple past and past participle dubbed)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"ADR\"}, {\"word\": \"revoice\"}], \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"To add sound to film or change audio on film.\"], \"links\": [[\"audio\", \"audio\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To make a copy from an original or master audio tape.\"], \"links\": [[\"copy\", \"copy\"], [\"original\", \"original\"], [\"master\", \"master\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To replace the original soundtrack of a film with a synchronized translation\"], \"links\": [[\"replace\", \"replace\"], [\"soundtrack\", \"soundtrack\"], [\"synchronized\", \"synchronized\"], [\"translation\", \"translation\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:translate\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix.\"], \"links\": [[\"mix\", \"mix\"], [\"remix\", \"remix\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dʌb/\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-au-dub.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dʊb/\", \"tags\": [\"Ireland\", \"Northern-England\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌb\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"dubli\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"jälkiäänittää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"dubata\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"dibév\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"דיבב\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"szinkronizál\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"hljóðsetja\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"doppiare\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"dublírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дубли́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"ozvúčivatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"озву́чивать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"ozvúčitʹ\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"озву́чить\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"doblar\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"skad sgyur 'jug byed\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\", \"word\": \"སྐད་སྒྱུར་འཇུག་བྱེད Literally\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"note\": \"“to do a translation insertion”\", \"sense\": \"to add sound to film or change audio on film\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intasaḵa\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"اِنْتَسَخَ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nasaḵa\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"نَسَخَ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"複製\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"fùzhì\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"复制\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"kopioida\"}, {\"alt\": \"うつす\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"utsusu\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"写す\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kopī-suru\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"word\": \"コピーする\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"dublírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дубли́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"kopírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to make a copy from an original or master audio tape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"копи́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"dablaja\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"دَبْلَجَ\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"dublíravacʹ\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дублі́раваць\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"dublíram\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"дубли́рам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doblar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"pèiyīn\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"配音\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"dabovat\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"nadabovat\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"nasynchroniseren\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dubben\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dubli\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"jälkiäänittää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dubata\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doubler\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dobrar\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"synchronisieren\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"metaglottízo\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"μεταγλωττίζω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"dibév\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"דיבב\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"szinkronizál\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"hljóðsetja\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"colloquial\", \"nonstandard\"], \"word\": \"döbba\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doblar\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doppiare\"}, {\"alt\": \"ふきかえる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"fukikaeru\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"吹き替える\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"bɑɑñcoul-sɑmleing\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"បញ្ចូលសំឡេង\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"deobinghada\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"더빙하다\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"phāk\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"ພາກ\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"menyuara\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"mengalih suara\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"dubbingować\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zdubbingować\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"Portugal\"], \"word\": \"dobrar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"Brazil\"], \"word\": \"dublar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"dublírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дубли́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"sinkronizirati\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"dabovať\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"nadabovať\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"doblar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"dubba\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"pâak\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"พากย์\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"skad sgyur 'jug byed\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"སྐད་སྒྱུར་འཇུག་བྱེད Literally\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"note\": \"“to do a translation insertion”\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"dubljuváty\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дублюва́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to replace soundtrack of a film with translation\", \"word\": \"lồng tiếng\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix\", \"word\": \"sämplätä\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix\", \"word\": \"miscelare\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix\", \"word\": \"remixa\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"dub\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "dub/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Northern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Jamaican Creole translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"dublike\"}, {\"word\": \"dubplate\"}, {\"word\": \"dub poetry\"}, {\"word\": \"dub ska\"}, {\"word\": \"dubstep\"}, {\"word\": \"dubwise\"}, {\"word\": \"lip dub\"}, {\"word\": \"overdub\"}], \"etymology_number\": 4, \"etymology_text\": \"From a shortening of the word double.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"dubs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"dub (countable and uncountable, plural dubs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"en:Music\"], \"glosses\": [\"A mostly instrumental remix with all or part of the vocals removed.\"], \"links\": [[\"music\", \"music\"], [\"instrumental\", \"instrumental\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(music, countable) A mostly instrumental remix with all or part of the vocals removed.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"], \"topics\": [\"entertainment\", \"lifestyle\", \"music\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"en:Music\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2020 April 23, Alexis Petridis, “The Rolling Stones: Living in a Ghost Town review – their best new song in years”, in The Guardian:\", \"text\": \"It’s also burnished by intriguing sense of vaguely dub-influenced space. At one point, it breaks down to little more than a stabbing, echoing organ with a vintage reggae flavour.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A style of reggae music involving mixing of different audio tracks.\"], \"links\": [[\"music\", \"music\"], [\"reggae\", \"reggae\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(music, uncountable) A style of reggae music involving mixing of different audio tracks.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"entertainment\", \"lifestyle\", \"music\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"en:Music\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2019 January 18, Jamie Dickson, “Khruangbin: “We’re not intending to create war with our music… It’s the absence of that aggression that a lot of rock bands have””, in Music Radar:\", \"text\": \"But I think my bass playing is definitely dub-influenced.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020 July 20, Arun Chakal, “The Worked-Up Sound of Drum & Bass in Russia and Eastern Europe”, in Bandcamp Daily:\", \"text\": \"Dyl’s polyrhythmic grooves on The Subsurface Project fuse dub techno and drum & bass, mixing modular sounds with hints of warm, jittery jungle.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020 August 3, Kane, “The Extended Cut: Zero T - Former Self EP [The North Quarter]”, in Magnetic Magazine:\", \"text\": \"It reminded me of that classic Full Cycle vibe of jazzy soulful sounds blending with dub bass and fx.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A trend in music starting in 2009, in which bass distortion is synced off timing to electronic dance music.\"], \"links\": [[\"music\", \"music\"], [\"distortion\", \"distortion\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(music, uncountable) A trend in music starting in 2009, in which bass distortion is synced off timing to electronic dance music.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"entertainment\", \"lifestyle\", \"music\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2001, Nancy Macdonald, The Graffiti Subculture, page 84:\", \"text\": \"[…] we climbed up the scaffolding and did these gold little dubs and you couldn't see them.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2011, Justin Rollins, The Lost Boyz: A Dark Side of Graffiti, page 34:\", \"text\": \"The year 1998 was alive with graffiti and trains pulling up with dubs on their sides.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A piece of graffiti in metallic colour with a thick black outline.\"], \"links\": [[\"graffiti\", \"graffiti\"], [\"metallic\", \"metallic\"], [\"outline\", \"outline\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(slang, countable) A piece of graffiti in metallic colour with a thick black outline.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\"], \"glosses\": [\"The replacement of a voice part in a movie or cartoon, particularly with a translation; an instance of dubbing.\"], \"links\": [[\"replacement\", \"replacement\"], [\"voice\", \"voice\"], [\"movie\", \"movie\"], [\"cartoon\", \"cartoon\"], [\"dubbing\", \"dubbing\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable) The replacement of a voice part in a movie or cartoon, particularly with a translation; an instance of dubbing.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dʌb/\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-au-dub.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dʊb/\", \"tags\": [\"Ireland\", \"Northern-England\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌb\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"dāb\", \"sense\": \"music genre\", \"word\": \"داب\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"music genre\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"music genre\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"music genre\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Dub\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"music genre\", \"word\": \"דָּאַב\"}, {\"code\": \"jam\", \"lang\": \"Jamaican Creole\", \"sense\": \"music genre\", \"word\": \"dob\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"dabu\", \"sense\": \"music genre\", \"word\": \"ダブ\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"deop\", \"sense\": \"music genre\", \"word\": \"덥\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"music genre\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"music genre\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"music genre\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"dub\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "dub/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Northern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms borrowed from Celtic languages\", \"English terms derived from Celtic languages\", \"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"etymology_number\": 5, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel\"}, \"expansion\": \"Celtic\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ga\", \"2\": \"dobhar\", \"t\": \"water\"}, \"expansion\": \"Irish dobhar (“water”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"cy\", \"2\": \"dŵr\", \"t\": \"water\"}, \"expansion\": \"Welsh dŵr (“water”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Celtic; compare Irish dobhar (“water”), Welsh dŵr (“water”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"dubs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"dub (plural dubs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English dialectal terms\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1886 May 1 – July 31, Robert Louis Stevenson, Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 1886, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"“Has he nae friends?” said she, in a tearful voice.\\n“That has he so!” cried Alan, “if we could but win to them!—friends and rich friends, beds to lie in, food to eat, doctors to see to him—and here he must tramp in the dubs and sleep in the heather like a beggarman.”\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A pool or puddle.\"], \"links\": [[\"pool\", \"pool\"], [\"puddle\", \"puddle\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(UK, dialect) A pool or puddle.\"], \"tags\": [\"UK\", \"dialectal\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dʌb/\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-au-dub.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dʊb/\", \"tags\": [\"Ireland\", \"Northern-England\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌb\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"dub\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "dub/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Northern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"dub sack\"}], \"etymology_number\": 6, \"etymology_text\": \"From shortening of double dime (“twenty”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"dubs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"dub (plural dubs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English slang\"], \"glosses\": [\"A twenty-dollar sack of marijuana.\"], \"links\": [[\"marijuana\", \"marijuana\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(slang) A twenty-dollar sack of marijuana.\"], \"tags\": [\"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2003 January 7, “In da Club” (track 5), in Get Rich or Die Tryin', performed by 50 Cent:\", \"text\": \"When I pull up out front, you see the Benz on dubs.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A wheel rim measuring 20 inches or more.\"], \"links\": [[\"wheel\", \"wheel\"], [\"rim\", \"rim\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(slang) A wheel rim measuring 20 inches or more.\"], \"tags\": [\"slang\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dʌb/\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-au-dub.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dʊb/\", \"tags\": [\"Ireland\", \"Northern-England\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌb\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"dub\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "dub/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Northern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"dub up\"}], \"etymology_number\": 7, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"don up\", \"5\": \"to open\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English don up (“to open”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From dup (“to open”), from do + up, from Middle English don up (“to open”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"dubs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbing\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbed\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"dubbed\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"dub (third-person singular simple present dubs, present participle dubbing, simple past and past participle dubbed)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English Thieves' Cant\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1828, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, chapter LXXXIII, in Pelham: or The Adventures of a Gentleman, page 402:\", \"text\": \"\\\"Crash the cull—down with him—down with him before he dubs the jigger. Tip him the degan, Fib, fake him through and through; if he pikes we shall all be scragged.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To open or close.\"], \"links\": [[\"open\", \"open\"], [\"close\", \"close\"]], \"qualifier\": \"thieves' cant\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete, UK, thieves' cant) To open or close.\"], \"tags\": [\"UK\", \"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dʌb/\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-au-dub.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dʊb/\", \"tags\": [\"Ireland\", \"Northern-England\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌb\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"dub\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "dub/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Northern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"dubber\"}, {\"word\": \"dub-cove\"}, {\"word\": \"dub-lay\"}, {\"word\": \"dubsman\"}], \"etymology_number\": 7, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"don up\", \"5\": \"to open\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English don up (“to open”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From dup (“to open”), from do + up, from Middle English don up (“to open”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"dubs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"dub (plural dubs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English Thieves' Cant\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"A lock.\"], \"links\": [[\"lock\", \"lock\"]], \"qualifier\": \"thieves' cant\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete, UK, thieves' cant) A lock.\"], \"tags\": [\"UK\", \"obsolete\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English Thieves' Cant\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1789, George Parker, Life's Painter of Variegated Characters in Public and Private Life, page 162:\", \"text\": \"[…]going upon the dobbin, is a woman dressed like a servant maid, no hat nor cloak on, a bunch of young dubs by her side, which are a bunch of small keys[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A key, especially a master key; a lock pick.\"], \"links\": [[\"key\", \"key\"], [\"master key\", \"master key\"], [\"lock pick\", \"lock pick\"]], \"qualifier\": \"thieves' cant\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete, UK, thieves' cant) A key, especially a master key; a lock pick.\"], \"tags\": [\"UK\", \"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dʌb/\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-au-dub.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dʊb/\", \"tags\": [\"Ireland\", \"Northern-England\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌb\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"dub\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "dub/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Northern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"Vee Dub\"}], \"etymology_number\": 8, \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"dubs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"dub (plural dubs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"alt_of\": [{\"word\": \"double-u\"}], \"categories\": [\"English clippings\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1997, Nelson Howell, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Microsoft Visual InterDev, Que Pub, →ISBN:\", \"text\": \"World Wide Web or WWW\\nPronouncing this \\\"dub dub dub\\\" (with no rub-a) will definitely establish you as an insider.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2018, Corey Pein, Live Work Work Work Die: A Journey into the Savage Heart of Silicon Valley, Metropolitan Books, →ISBN, page 119:\", \"text\": \"I once met a gaggle of Aussies who'd paid thousands of dollars out of their own pockets for airfare and registration to attend an annual Apple convention called the Worldwide Developers Conference, or WWDC—or, in this crowd, “Dub Dub.”\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Clipping of double-u.\"], \"links\": [[\"double-u\", \"double-u#English\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:w\"], \"tags\": [\"abbreviation\", \"alt-of\", \"clipping\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English clippings\", \"English internet slang\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Video games\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"I haven't had a dub in a few games.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Clipping of double-u.\", \"A win.\"], \"links\": [[\"double-u\", \"double-u#English\"], [\"video game\", \"video game\"], [\"Internet\", \"Internet\"], [\"slang\", \"slang\"], [\"win\", \"win\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"Clipping of double-u.\", \"(video games, Internet slang) A win.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:w\"], \"tags\": [\"Internet\"], \"topics\": [\"video-games\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dʌb/\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-au-dub.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dʊb/\", \"tags\": [\"Ireland\", \"Northern-England\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌb\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"dub\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "dub/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Northern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable\", \"en:Musical genres\", \"en:Recreational drugs\"], \"etymology_number\": 9, \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"dubs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"dub (plural dubs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"lub-dub\"}, {\"word\": \"rubby-dub\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with historical senses\", \"Indian English\"], \"glosses\": [\"A small copper coin once used in India.\"], \"links\": [[\"copper\", \"copper\"], [\"coin\", \"coin\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(India, historical) A small copper coin once used in India.\"], \"tags\": [\"India\", \"historical\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dʌb/\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-au-dub.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg/En-au-dub.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-dub.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dʊb/\", \"tags\": [\"Ireland\", \"Northern-England\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌb\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"dub\"], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "dub/Zhuang/verb: invalid uppercase tag Standard-Zhuang not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Zhuang 1-syllable words\", \"Zhuang entries with incorrect language header\", \"Zhuang lemmas\", \"Zhuang terms derived from Proto-Tai\", \"Zhuang terms inherited from Proto-Tai\", \"Zhuang terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Zhuang terms without Sawndip form\", \"Zhuang verbs\"], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"za\", \"2\": \"tai-pro\", \"3\": \"*dupᴬ\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to pound\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Tai *dupᴬ (“to pound”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"th\", \"2\": \"ทุบ\"}, \"expansion\": \"Thai ทุบ (túp)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"lo\", \"2\": \"ທຸບ\"}, \"expansion\": \"Lao ທຸບ (thup)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"shn\", \"2\": \"ထုပ်ႉ\"}, \"expansion\": \"Shan ထုပ်ႉ (thṵ̂p)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"yue\", \"2\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Cantonese\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"𢱕\", \"2\": \"to pound; to strike\", \"tr\": \"dap6\"}, \"expansion\": \"𢱕 (dap6, “to pound; to strike”)\", \"name\": \"zh-l\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Proto-Tai *dupᴬ (“to pound”); cognate with Thai ทุบ (túp), Lao ທຸບ (thup), Shan ထုပ်ႉ (thṵ̂p). Also compare Cantonese 𢱕 (dap6, “to pound; to strike”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"𭡡\", \"tags\": [\"Sawndip\"]}, {\"form\": \"𰔥\", \"tags\": [\"Sawndip\"]}, {\"form\": \"𭡫\", \"tags\": [\"Sawndip\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"za\", \"10\": \"𭡫\", \"11\": \"\", \"12\": \"\", \"13\": \"\", \"14\": \"\", \"15\": \"\", \"16\": \"\", \"17\": \"\", \"18\": \"\", \"19\": \"\", \"2\": \"verb\", \"20\": \"\", \"21\": \"\", \"22\": \"\", \"23\": \"\", \"24\": \"\", \"25\": \"\", \"26\": \"\", \"27\": \"\", \"28\": \"\", \"29\": \"\", \"3\": \"\", \"30\": \"\", \"31\": \"\", \"32\": \"\", \"33\": \"\", \"34\": \"\", \"35\": \"\", \"36\": \"\", \"37\": \"\", \"38\": \"\", \"39\": \"\", \"4\": \"\", \"40\": \"\", \"41\": \"\", \"42\": \"\", \"43\": \"\", \"44\": \"\", \"45\": \"\", \"46\": \"\", \"47\": \"\", \"48\": \"\", \"49\": \"\", \"5\": \"Sawndip forms\", \"50\": \"\", \"51\": \"\", \"52\": \"\", \"53\": \"\", \"54\": \"\", \"55\": \"\", \"56\": \"\", \"57\": \"\", \"58\": \"\", \"59\": \"\", \"6\": \"𭡡\", \"60\": \"\", \"61\": \"\", \"62\": \"\", \"63\": \"1957–1982 spelling\", \"64\": \"dub\", \"7\": \"or\", \"8\": \"𰔥\", \"9\": \"or\", \"cat2\": \"\", \"cat3\": \"\", \"f10sc\": \"Hani\", \"f11sc\": \"Hani\", \"f12sc\": \"Hani\", \"f13sc\": \"Hani\", \"f14sc\": \"Hani\", \"f15sc\": \"Hani\", \"f16sc\": \"Hani\", \"f17sc\": \"Hani\", \"f18sc\": \"Hani\", \"f19sc\": \"Hani\", \"f20sc\": \"Hani\", \"f21sc\": \"Hani\", \"f22sc\": \"Hani\", \"f23sc\": \"Hani\", \"f24sc\": \"Hani\", \"f25sc\": \"Hani\", \"f26sc\": \"Hani\", \"f27sc\": \"Hani\", \"f28sc\": \"Hani\", \"f29sc\": \"Hani\", \"f2sc\": \"Hani\", \"f30sc\": \"Hani\", \"f3sc\": \"Hani\", \"f4sc\": \"Hani\", \"f5sc\": \"Hani\", \"f6sc\": \"Hani\", \"f7sc\": \"Hani\", \"f8sc\": \"Hani\", \"f9sc\": \"Hani\", \"head\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"dub (Sawndip forms 𭡡 or 𰔥 or 𭡫, 1957–1982 spelling dub)\", \"name\": \"head\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"verb\", \"2\": \"𭡡\", \"3\": \"𰔥\", \"4\": \"𭡫\"}, \"expansion\": \"dub (Sawndip forms 𭡡 or 𰔥 or 𭡫, 1957–1982 spelling dub)\", \"name\": \"za-head\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"dub\"], \"lang\": \"Zhuang\", \"lang_code\": \"za\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"to hit; to strike\"], \"links\": [[\"hit\", \"hit\"], [\"strike\", \"strike\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"moeb\"}]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to strike with a hammer; to hammer\"], \"links\": [[\"strike\", \"strike\"], [\"hammer\", \"hammer\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"to castrate (a male water buffalo)\"], \"links\": [[\"castrate\", \"castrate\"], [\"male\", \"male\"], [\"water buffalo\", \"water buffalo\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/tup˧/\", \"tags\": [\"Standard-Zhuang\"]}], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Zhuang",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "dub/Zhuang/verb: invalid uppercase tag Standard-Zhuang not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Pages with 13 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Zhuang 1-syllable words\", \"Zhuang entries with incorrect language header\", \"Zhuang lemmas\", \"Zhuang terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Zhuang terms without Sawndip form\", \"Zhuang verbs\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"za\", \"10\": \"\", \"11\": \"\", \"12\": \"\", \"13\": \"\", \"14\": \"\", \"15\": \"\", \"16\": \"\", \"17\": \"\", \"18\": \"\", \"19\": \"\", \"2\": \"verb\", \"20\": \"\", \"21\": \"\", \"22\": \"\", \"23\": \"\", \"24\": \"\", \"25\": \"\", \"26\": \"\", \"27\": \"\", \"28\": \"\", \"29\": \"\", \"3\": \"\", \"30\": \"\", \"31\": \"\", \"32\": \"\", \"33\": \"\", \"34\": \"\", \"35\": \"\", \"36\": \"\", \"37\": \"\", \"38\": \"\", \"39\": \"\", \"4\": \"\", \"40\": \"\", \"41\": \"\", \"42\": \"\", \"43\": \"\", \"44\": \"\", \"45\": \"\", \"46\": \"\", \"47\": \"\", \"48\": \"\", \"49\": \"\", \"5\": \"\", \"50\": \"\", \"51\": \"\", \"52\": \"\", \"53\": \"\", \"54\": \"\", \"55\": \"\", \"56\": \"\", \"57\": \"\", \"58\": \"\", \"59\": \"\", \"6\": \"\", \"60\": \"\", \"61\": \"\", \"62\": \"\", \"63\": \"1957–1982 spelling\", \"64\": \"dub\", \"7\": \"\", \"8\": \"\", \"9\": \"\", \"cat2\": \"terms without Sawndip form\", \"cat3\": \"\", \"f10sc\": \"Hani\", \"f11sc\": \"Hani\", \"f12sc\": \"Hani\", \"f13sc\": \"Hani\", \"f14sc\": \"Hani\", \"f15sc\": \"Hani\", \"f16sc\": \"Hani\", \"f17sc\": \"Hani\", \"f18sc\": \"Hani\", \"f19sc\": \"Hani\", \"f20sc\": \"Hani\", \"f21sc\": \"Hani\", \"f22sc\": \"Hani\", \"f23sc\": \"Hani\", \"f24sc\": \"Hani\", \"f25sc\": \"Hani\", \"f26sc\": \"Hani\", \"f27sc\": \"Hani\", \"f28sc\": \"Hani\", \"f29sc\": \"Hani\", \"f2sc\": \"Hani\", \"f30sc\": \"Hani\", \"f3sc\": \"Hani\", \"f4sc\": \"Hani\", \"f5sc\": \"Hani\", \"f6sc\": \"Hani\", \"f7sc\": \"Hani\", \"f8sc\": \"Hani\", \"f9sc\": \"Hani\", \"head\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"dub (1957–1982 spelling dub)\", \"name\": \"head\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"verb\"}, \"expansion\": \"dub (1957–1982 spelling dub)\", \"name\": \"za-head\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"dub\"], \"lang\": \"Zhuang\", \"lang_code\": \"za\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"to harrow (a paddy)\"], \"links\": [[\"harrow\", \"harrow\"], [\"paddy\", \"paddy\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/tup˧/\", \"tags\": [\"Standard-Zhuang\"]}], \"word\": \"dub\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Zhuang",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "dub",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.