See deem on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for deem meaning in All languages combined (28.8kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "addeem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bedeem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "deemer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "deemster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dempster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fordeem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "foredeem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "misdeem"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "demen",
"4": "dẹ̄men",
"5": "to judge; to criticize, condemn; to impose a penalty on, sentence; to direct, order; to believe, think, deem"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dẹ̄men (“to judge; to criticize, condemn; to impose a penalty on, sentence; to direct, order; to believe, think, deem”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dēman",
"4": "",
"5": "to decide, decree, deem"
},
"expansion": "Old English dēman (“to decide, decree, deem”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dōmijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōmijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dōmijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to judge, think"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dōmijaną (“to judge, think”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to set, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to set, put”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da,nb",
"2": "dømme",
"3": "",
"4": "to judge"
},
"expansion": "Danish and Norwegian Bokmål dømme (“to judge”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "doemen",
"3": "",
"4": "to condemn, foredoom"
},
"expansion": "Dutch doemen (“to condemn, foredoom”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "dema",
"3": "",
"4": "to judge, recognise"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian dema (“to judge, recognise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "døma",
"3": "",
"4": "to judge"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk døma (“to judge”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "döma",
"3": "",
"4": "to judge, sentence, condemn"
},
"expansion": "Swedish döma (“to judge, sentence, condemn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "doom"
},
"expansion": "doom",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dẹ̄men (“to judge; to criticize, condemn; to impose a penalty on, sentence; to direct, order; to believe, think, deem”), from Old English dēman (“to decide, decree, deem”), from Proto-West Germanic *dōmijan, from Proto-Germanic *dōmijaną (“to judge, think”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to set, put”).\nThe word is cognate with Danish and Norwegian Bokmål dømme (“to judge”), Dutch doemen (“to condemn, foredoom”), North Frisian dema (“to judge, recognise”), Norwegian Nynorsk døma (“to judge”), Swedish döma (“to judge, sentence, condemn”). It is also related to doom.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "deems",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "deeming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "deemed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "deemed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "deem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "deem (third-person singular simple present deems, present participle deeming, simple past and past participle deemed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "think"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "suppose"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 60 5 5 24 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1872, George C[olwell] Oke, “The Synopsis of Offences, etc. within the Provisions of the 11 & 12 Vict. c. 43”, in The Magisterial Synopsis: A Practical Guide for Magistrates, Their Clerks, Attornies and Constables; […] In Two Volumes, 11th edition, volume I, London: Butterworths, […], →OCLC, page 380",
"text": "[Section] 39. Being found by a constable on a highway, street, or public place, suspected of coming from land where he has been unlawfully in search or pursuit of game, and game or nets, &c. being found in his possession or in a cart, &c.,—the justices deeming the game unlawfully obtained from some land.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To judge, to pass judgment on; to doom, to sentence."
],
"id": "en-deem-en-verb-B-BiCa1J",
"links": [
[
"judge",
"judge#Verb"
],
[
"pass",
"pass#Verb"
],
[
"judgment",
"judgment"
],
[
"doom",
"doom#Verb"
],
[
"sentence",
"sentence#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To judge, to pass judgment on; to doom, to sentence."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "judge"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1843, “Act No. VII. of 1843”, in East India. Acts Passed by the Honourable the President of the Council of India, and by the Right Honourable the Governor-General, for 1843; […] (Accounts and Papers; 328), [London]: Ordered, by the House of Commons, to be printed, […], published 28 May 1845, →OCLC, section XLIV, page 11",
"text": "And it is hereby enacted, that in any zillah, in which the Governor in Council of Fort St. George deems it expedient to establish the zillah court, and the court or courts under subordinate judges or principal sudder ameens, at separate stations, it shall be competent to the said Governor in Council, by an Order in Council, to authorize the session judge to take cognizance of all criminal cases subject ordinarily to the jurisdiction of the subordinate courts, […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To adjudge, to decree."
],
"id": "en-deem-en-verb-L9kR9sVX",
"links": [
[
"adjudge",
"adjudge"
],
[
"decree",
"decree#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To adjudge, to decree."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "judge"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To dispense (justice); to administer (law)."
],
"id": "en-deem-en-verb-mZcFPmby",
"links": [
[
"dispense",
"dispense"
],
[
"administer",
"administer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To dispense (justice); to administer (law)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "judge"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She deemed his efforts insufficient.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1874, “Types of Russian Character”, in Edmund Routledge, editor, Routledge’s Every Boy’s Annual, London, New York, N.Y.: George Routledge & Sons, →OCLC, page 254",
"text": "To this sect belong also the Skakounui, or Jumpers. […] They refuse to take an oath, and will not bear arms, deeming it sinful to shed human blood.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hold in belief or estimation; to adjudge as a conclusion; to regard as being; to evaluate according to one's beliefs; to account."
],
"id": "en-deem-en-verb-ta97YCuW",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold#Verb"
],
[
"belief",
"belief"
],
[
"estimation",
"estimation"
],
[
"conclusion",
"conclusion"
],
[
"regard",
"regard#Verb"
],
[
"evaluate",
"evaluate"
],
[
"according",
"according#Adverb"
],
[
"account",
"account#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ditransitive) To hold in belief or estimation; to adjudge as a conclusion; to regard as being; to evaluate according to one's beliefs; to account."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "consider"
},
{
"word": "deem"
}
],
"tags": [
"ditransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥakam",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "حَكَم"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smjatam",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "смятам"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "beschouwen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"with-essive"
],
"word": "pitää"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"with-translative"
],
"word": "kokea"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "uskoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "päätellä"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "estimer"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "croire"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "considerar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "xulgar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "halten"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "erachten"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "dōmjan",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "𐌳𐍉𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "theoró",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "θεωρώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "ítél"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "considerare"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "valutare"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "credere"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "minasu",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "見なす"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "manyti"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "considerar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "jutjar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "estimar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "creire"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "پنداشتن"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "خیال کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "فرض کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uznać"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "considerar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "estimar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "polagátʹ",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "полага́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sčitátʹ",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "счита́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dúmatʹ",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ду́мать"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "smatrati"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сматрати"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "uznať"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "považovať"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "considerar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "concluir"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 87 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "döma"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1660, Samuel Fisher, “The Fourth Apologeticall, and Expostulatory Exercitation”, in Rusticus ad Academicos in Exercitationibus Expostulatoriis, Apologeticis Quatuor: The Rustick’s Alarm to the Rabbies, […], London: Printed for Robert Wilson, →OCLC, chapter VI, page 220",
"text": "[T]herefore had Abel and his works acceptance, when Cain and his had none, becauſe he was righteous, not ſo eſteemed of God while he was not ſo indeed (as T[homas] D[anson] deems) who becauſe he ſo does, deems that God (as himſelf) deems thoſe and theirs to be good and righteous, […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1665, Kenelme Digby [i.e., Kenelm Digby], “[The Second Treatise: Declaring the Nature and Operations of Mans Soule.] Of Thinking and Knowing”, in Two Treatises: In the One of which, the Nature of Bodies; in the Other, the Nature of Mans Soule is Looked into: In Way of Discovery of the Immortality of Reasonable Soules, London: Printed for Iohn Williams, […], →OCLC, page 18",
"text": "[I]f a man doe really deem the weather to be cold, or that his body is diſtempered, he putteth on warmer cloathes, or taketh phyſick: although peradventure he is miſtaken in both: for his deeming them to be ſo, maketh him demeane himſelfe in ſuch ſort, as if really they were ſo.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1720, Benjamin Marten, “Of the Great Number of Medicines and Various Methods of Cure Recommended for Consumptions, with the Different Opinions of Authors Concerning Them, &c.”, in A New Theory of Consumptions: More Especially of a Phthisis, or Consumption of the Lungs. […], London: Printed for R. Knaplock, […]; A. Bell, […]; J. Hooke, […], and C. King, […], →OCLC, pages 101–102",
"text": "[T]hoſe [remedies] that have obtain'd the Name of Antiſcorbutick, Antiſcrophulous, Traumatick, Vulnerary or Healing Medicines, and ſuch as are deem'd Sweeteners of the Blood, and Correctors of Acrimony, […] have all in their turns been held in high Eſteem; […] Some think the Cure of a Phthiſis is to be compaſſed only by Alkalies; others by Acids; abundance of Phyſicians are of Opinion that no Good can be done in thi Diſeaſe without Opiates, which ſome deem very pernicious; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1847, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Threnody”, in Poems, London: Chapman, Brothers, 121, Newgate Street, →OCLC, page 195",
"text": "And deemest thou as those who pore, / With aged eyes, short way before? / Think'st Beauty vanished from the coast / Of matter, and thy darling lost?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1853, Adam Anderson, “Some Deem it Sweet to Wander Far Abroad”, in Poems, Edinburgh: Thomas Grant, […], →OCLC, page 110",
"text": "Some deem it sweet to wander far abroad, / And view the beauties of another shore; / Some deem it sweet to shun affection's road, / And haunts of them whom once they did adore.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020 July 29, Ian Prosser discusses with Paul Stephen, “Rail needs robust and strategic plans”, in Rail, page 42",
"text": "For example, record-breaking rainfall in the UK made February 2020 the wettest February on record, while July 2019 was deemed to be the warmest month on record worldwide.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To think, judge, or have or hold as an opinion; to decide or believe on consideration; to suppose."
],
"id": "en-deem-en-verb-B-svlWs5",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"think",
"think"
],
[
"opinion",
"opinion"
],
[
"decide",
"decide"
],
[
"believe",
"believe"
],
[
"consideration",
"consideration"
],
[
"suppose",
"suppose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To think, judge, or have or hold as an opinion; to decide or believe on consideration; to suppose."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smjátam",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "смя́там"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sčítam",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "счи́там"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "míslja",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "ми́сля"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "vinden"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "achten"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "considérer"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "croire"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "considerar"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "erachten"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "ansehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "considerare"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "ritenere"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "reputare"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "opinor"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "manyti"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "üzex",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "үзэх"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "considerar"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "uznawać"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "considerar"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "považovať"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 3 15 71",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "considerar"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/diːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dim/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːm"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-deem.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-deem.ogg/En-au-deem.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-deem.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "account"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "consider"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "deem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "dub"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "find"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "interpret"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "judge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "look upon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "regard as"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "think of"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "view as"
}
],
"word": "deem"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "deme"
},
"expansion": "Middle English deme",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English deme, from the verb (see above).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "deems",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "deem (plural deems)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An opinion, a judgment, a surmise."
],
"id": "en-deem-en-noun-OqJUcONM",
"links": [
[
"opinion",
"opinion"
],
[
"judgment",
"judgment"
],
[
"surmise",
"surmise#Noun"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/diːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dim/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːm"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-deem.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-deem.ogg/En-au-deem.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-deem.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "deem"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "demen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "deemke",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "demen",
"3": "deemke"
},
"expansion": "deem m (plural demen, diminutive deemke n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Brabantian Dutch",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Maa ziet gij da dan ni, 't ligt veur ave neus, gij sen deem!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dumb person"
],
"id": "en-deem-nl-noun-b1OBBmkA",
"links": [
[
"dumb",
"dumb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Brabant) dumb person"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sukkel"
},
{
"word": "deim"
}
],
"tags": [
"Brabant",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "deem"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "deem",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"inflection of dar"
],
"id": "en-deem-gl-verb--bi23txn",
"links": [
[
"dar",
"dar#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) inflection of dar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 51 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-deem-gl-verb-YZhbx3kO",
"links": [
[
"dar",
"dar#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) inflection of dar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"inflection of dar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural imperative"
],
"id": "en-deem-gl-verb-iz8actXk",
"links": [
[
"dar",
"dar#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) inflection of dar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "deem"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "goh",
"3": "themu"
},
"expansion": "Old High German themu",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "demu"
},
"expansion": "demu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þammai"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þammai",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old High German themu, demu, from Proto-Germanic *þammai.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dem",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lb-decl-definite article",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "deen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "déi (d')",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "dat (d')",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "déi (d')",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "deem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "där",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "deem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "deen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "determiner form",
"3": "unstressed",
"4": "dem",
"g": "m",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "deem m or n (unstressed dem)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "lb-decl-definite article"
}
],
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Luxembourgish articles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "deen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative of deen"
],
"id": "en-deem-lb-det-83l1WSvF",
"links": [
[
"deen",
"deen#Luxembourgish"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Luxembourgish articles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dat"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative of dat"
],
"id": "en-deem-lb-det-dVJkHuu9",
"links": [
[
"dat",
"dat#Luxembourgish"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/deːm/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eːm"
}
],
"word": "deem"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "deem",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"de‧em"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-deem-pt-verb-YZhbx3kO",
"links": [
[
"dar",
"dar#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of dar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural imperative"
],
"id": "en-deem-pt-verb-iz8actXk",
"links": [
[
"dar",
"dar#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of dar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈde.ẽj̃/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈde.ẽɪ̯̃]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈde.ɐ̃j̃/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "deem"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "en",
"3": "dame"
},
"expansion": "English dame",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Scots form of English dame.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "deems",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "deems",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "deem (plural deems)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "deem (plural deems)",
"name": "sco-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"woman, dame"
],
"id": "en-deem-sco-noun-B~blsbYS",
"links": [
[
"woman",
"woman"
],
[
"dame",
"dame"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"maid (especially a kitchen maid)"
],
"id": "en-deem-sco-noun-bPOzIrDT",
"links": [
[
"maid",
"maid"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dim/"
}
],
"word": "deem"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "demen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "deemke",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "demen",
"3": "deemke"
},
"expansion": "deem m (plural demen, diminutive deemke n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Brabantian Dutch",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch terms with usage examples",
"Requests for translations of Dutch usage examples",
"nl-noun plural matches generated form"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Maa ziet gij da dan ni, 't ligt veur ave neus, gij sen deem!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dumb person"
],
"links": [
[
"dumb",
"dumb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Brabant) dumb person"
],
"tags": [
"Brabant",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sukkel"
},
{
"word": "deim"
}
],
"word": "deem"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːm",
"Rhymes:English/iːm/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "addeem"
},
{
"word": "bedeem"
},
{
"word": "deemer"
},
{
"word": "deemster"
},
{
"word": "dempster"
},
{
"word": "fordeem"
},
{
"word": "foredeem"
},
{
"word": "misdeem"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "demen",
"4": "dẹ̄men",
"5": "to judge; to criticize, condemn; to impose a penalty on, sentence; to direct, order; to believe, think, deem"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dẹ̄men (“to judge; to criticize, condemn; to impose a penalty on, sentence; to direct, order; to believe, think, deem”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dēman",
"4": "",
"5": "to decide, decree, deem"
},
"expansion": "Old English dēman (“to decide, decree, deem”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dōmijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōmijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dōmijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to judge, think"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dōmijaną (“to judge, think”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to set, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to set, put”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da,nb",
"2": "dømme",
"3": "",
"4": "to judge"
},
"expansion": "Danish and Norwegian Bokmål dømme (“to judge”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "doemen",
"3": "",
"4": "to condemn, foredoom"
},
"expansion": "Dutch doemen (“to condemn, foredoom”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "dema",
"3": "",
"4": "to judge, recognise"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian dema (“to judge, recognise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "døma",
"3": "",
"4": "to judge"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk døma (“to judge”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "döma",
"3": "",
"4": "to judge, sentence, condemn"
},
"expansion": "Swedish döma (“to judge, sentence, condemn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "doom"
},
"expansion": "doom",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dẹ̄men (“to judge; to criticize, condemn; to impose a penalty on, sentence; to direct, order; to believe, think, deem”), from Old English dēman (“to decide, decree, deem”), from Proto-West Germanic *dōmijan, from Proto-Germanic *dōmijaną (“to judge, think”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to set, put”).\nThe word is cognate with Danish and Norwegian Bokmål dømme (“to judge”), Dutch doemen (“to condemn, foredoom”), North Frisian dema (“to judge, recognise”), Norwegian Nynorsk døma (“to judge”), Swedish döma (“to judge, sentence, condemn”). It is also related to doom.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "deems",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "deeming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "deemed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "deemed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "deem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "deem (third-person singular simple present deems, present participle deeming, simple past and past participle deemed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "think"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "suppose"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1872, George C[olwell] Oke, “The Synopsis of Offences, etc. within the Provisions of the 11 & 12 Vict. c. 43”, in The Magisterial Synopsis: A Practical Guide for Magistrates, Their Clerks, Attornies and Constables; […] In Two Volumes, 11th edition, volume I, London: Butterworths, […], →OCLC, page 380",
"text": "[Section] 39. Being found by a constable on a highway, street, or public place, suspected of coming from land where he has been unlawfully in search or pursuit of game, and game or nets, &c. being found in his possession or in a cart, &c.,—the justices deeming the game unlawfully obtained from some land.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To judge, to pass judgment on; to doom, to sentence."
],
"links": [
[
"judge",
"judge#Verb"
],
[
"pass",
"pass#Verb"
],
[
"judgment",
"judgment"
],
[
"doom",
"doom#Verb"
],
[
"sentence",
"sentence#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To judge, to pass judgment on; to doom, to sentence."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "judge"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1843, “Act No. VII. of 1843”, in East India. Acts Passed by the Honourable the President of the Council of India, and by the Right Honourable the Governor-General, for 1843; […] (Accounts and Papers; 328), [London]: Ordered, by the House of Commons, to be printed, […], published 28 May 1845, →OCLC, section XLIV, page 11",
"text": "And it is hereby enacted, that in any zillah, in which the Governor in Council of Fort St. George deems it expedient to establish the zillah court, and the court or courts under subordinate judges or principal sudder ameens, at separate stations, it shall be competent to the said Governor in Council, by an Order in Council, to authorize the session judge to take cognizance of all criminal cases subject ordinarily to the jurisdiction of the subordinate courts, […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To adjudge, to decree."
],
"links": [
[
"adjudge",
"adjudge"
],
[
"decree",
"decree#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To adjudge, to decree."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "judge"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To dispense (justice); to administer (law)."
],
"links": [
[
"dispense",
"dispense"
],
[
"administer",
"administer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To dispense (justice); to administer (law)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "judge"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English ditransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She deemed his efforts insufficient.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1874, “Types of Russian Character”, in Edmund Routledge, editor, Routledge’s Every Boy’s Annual, London, New York, N.Y.: George Routledge & Sons, →OCLC, page 254",
"text": "To this sect belong also the Skakounui, or Jumpers. […] They refuse to take an oath, and will not bear arms, deeming it sinful to shed human blood.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hold in belief or estimation; to adjudge as a conclusion; to regard as being; to evaluate according to one's beliefs; to account."
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold#Verb"
],
[
"belief",
"belief"
],
[
"estimation",
"estimation"
],
[
"conclusion",
"conclusion"
],
[
"regard",
"regard#Verb"
],
[
"evaluate",
"evaluate"
],
[
"according",
"according#Adverb"
],
[
"account",
"account#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ditransitive) To hold in belief or estimation; to adjudge as a conclusion; to regard as being; to evaluate according to one's beliefs; to account."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "consider"
},
{
"word": "deem"
}
],
"tags": [
"ditransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1660, Samuel Fisher, “The Fourth Apologeticall, and Expostulatory Exercitation”, in Rusticus ad Academicos in Exercitationibus Expostulatoriis, Apologeticis Quatuor: The Rustick’s Alarm to the Rabbies, […], London: Printed for Robert Wilson, →OCLC, chapter VI, page 220",
"text": "[T]herefore had Abel and his works acceptance, when Cain and his had none, becauſe he was righteous, not ſo eſteemed of God while he was not ſo indeed (as T[homas] D[anson] deems) who becauſe he ſo does, deems that God (as himſelf) deems thoſe and theirs to be good and righteous, […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1665, Kenelme Digby [i.e., Kenelm Digby], “[The Second Treatise: Declaring the Nature and Operations of Mans Soule.] Of Thinking and Knowing”, in Two Treatises: In the One of which, the Nature of Bodies; in the Other, the Nature of Mans Soule is Looked into: In Way of Discovery of the Immortality of Reasonable Soules, London: Printed for Iohn Williams, […], →OCLC, page 18",
"text": "[I]f a man doe really deem the weather to be cold, or that his body is diſtempered, he putteth on warmer cloathes, or taketh phyſick: although peradventure he is miſtaken in both: for his deeming them to be ſo, maketh him demeane himſelfe in ſuch ſort, as if really they were ſo.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1720, Benjamin Marten, “Of the Great Number of Medicines and Various Methods of Cure Recommended for Consumptions, with the Different Opinions of Authors Concerning Them, &c.”, in A New Theory of Consumptions: More Especially of a Phthisis, or Consumption of the Lungs. […], London: Printed for R. Knaplock, […]; A. Bell, […]; J. Hooke, […], and C. King, […], →OCLC, pages 101–102",
"text": "[T]hoſe [remedies] that have obtain'd the Name of Antiſcorbutick, Antiſcrophulous, Traumatick, Vulnerary or Healing Medicines, and ſuch as are deem'd Sweeteners of the Blood, and Correctors of Acrimony, […] have all in their turns been held in high Eſteem; […] Some think the Cure of a Phthiſis is to be compaſſed only by Alkalies; others by Acids; abundance of Phyſicians are of Opinion that no Good can be done in thi Diſeaſe without Opiates, which ſome deem very pernicious; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1847, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Threnody”, in Poems, London: Chapman, Brothers, 121, Newgate Street, →OCLC, page 195",
"text": "And deemest thou as those who pore, / With aged eyes, short way before? / Think'st Beauty vanished from the coast / Of matter, and thy darling lost?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1853, Adam Anderson, “Some Deem it Sweet to Wander Far Abroad”, in Poems, Edinburgh: Thomas Grant, […], →OCLC, page 110",
"text": "Some deem it sweet to wander far abroad, / And view the beauties of another shore; / Some deem it sweet to shun affection's road, / And haunts of them whom once they did adore.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020 July 29, Ian Prosser discusses with Paul Stephen, “Rail needs robust and strategic plans”, in Rail, page 42",
"text": "For example, record-breaking rainfall in the UK made February 2020 the wettest February on record, while July 2019 was deemed to be the warmest month on record worldwide.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To think, judge, or have or hold as an opinion; to decide or believe on consideration; to suppose."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"think",
"think"
],
[
"opinion",
"opinion"
],
[
"decide",
"decide"
],
[
"believe",
"believe"
],
[
"consideration",
"consideration"
],
[
"suppose",
"suppose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To think, judge, or have or hold as an opinion; to decide or believe on consideration; to suppose."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/diːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dim/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːm"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-deem.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-deem.ogg/En-au-deem.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-deem.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "account"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "consider"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "deem"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "dub"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "find"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "interpret"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "judge"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "look upon"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "regard as"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "think of"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:deem",
"word": "view as"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥakam",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "حَكَم"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smjatam",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "смятам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "beschouwen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"with-essive"
],
"word": "pitää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"with-translative"
],
"word": "kokea"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "uskoa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "päätellä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "estimer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "croire"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "considerar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "xulgar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "halten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "erachten"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "dōmjan",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "𐌳𐍉𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "theoró",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "θεωρώ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "ítél"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "considerare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "valutare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "credere"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "minasu",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "見なす"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "manyti"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "considerar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "jutjar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "estimar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "creire"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "پنداشتن"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "خیال کردن"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "فرض کردن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uznać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "considerar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "estimar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "polagátʹ",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "полага́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sčitátʹ",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "счита́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dúmatʹ",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ду́мать"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "smatrati"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сматрати"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "uznať"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "považovať"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "considerar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "concluir"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to hold in belief or estimation",
"word": "döma"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smjátam",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "смя́там"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sčítam",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "счи́там"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "míslja",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "ми́сля"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "vinden"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "achten"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "considérer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "croire"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "considerar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "erachten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "ansehen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "considerare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "ritenere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "reputare"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "opinor"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "manyti"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "üzex",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "үзэх"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "considerar"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "uznawać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "considerar"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "považovať"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have or hold as an opinion",
"word": "considerar"
}
],
"word": "deem"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/iːm",
"Rhymes:English/iːm/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "deme"
},
"expansion": "Middle English deme",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English deme, from the verb (see above).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "deems",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "deem (plural deems)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An opinion, a judgment, a surmise."
],
"links": [
[
"opinion",
"opinion"
],
[
"judgment",
"judgment"
],
[
"surmise",
"surmise#Noun"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/diːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dim/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːm"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-deem.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-deem.ogg/En-au-deem.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-deem.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "deem"
}
{
"categories": [
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Galician verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "deem",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"inflection of dar"
],
"links": [
[
"dar",
"dar#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) inflection of dar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"inflection of dar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"dar",
"dar#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) inflection of dar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"inflection of dar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"dar",
"dar#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) inflection of dar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "deem"
}
{
"categories": [
"Luxembourgish 1-syllable words",
"Luxembourgish articles",
"Luxembourgish determiner forms",
"Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
"Luxembourgish non-lemma forms",
"Luxembourgish terms derived from Old High German",
"Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Luxembourgish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Luxembourgish/eːm",
"Rhymes:Luxembourgish/eːm/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "goh",
"3": "themu"
},
"expansion": "Old High German themu",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "demu"
},
"expansion": "demu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þammai"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þammai",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old High German themu, demu, from Proto-Germanic *þammai.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dem",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lb-decl-definite article",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "deen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "déi (d')",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "dat (d')",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "déi (d')",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "deem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "där",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "deem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "deen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "determiner form",
"3": "unstressed",
"4": "dem",
"g": "m",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "deem m or n (unstressed dem)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "lb-decl-definite article"
}
],
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "deen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative of deen"
],
"links": [
[
"deen",
"deen#Luxembourgish"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dat"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative of dat"
],
"links": [
[
"dat",
"dat#Luxembourgish"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/deːm/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eːm"
}
],
"word": "deem"
}
{
"categories": [
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Portuguese verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "deem",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"de‧em"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"dar",
"dar#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of dar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of dar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"dar",
"dar#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of dar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈde.ẽj̃/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈde.ẽɪ̯̃]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈde.ɐ̃j̃/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "deem"
}
{
"categories": [
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots nouns",
"Scots terms derived from English",
"Scots terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "en",
"3": "dame"
},
"expansion": "English dame",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Scots form of English dame.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "deems",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "deems",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "deem (plural deems)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "deem (plural deems)",
"name": "sco-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"woman, dame"
],
"links": [
[
"woman",
"woman"
],
[
"dame",
"dame"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"maid (especially a kitchen maid)"
],
"links": [
[
"maid",
"maid"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dim/"
}
],
"word": "deem"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'dat.'",
"path": [
"deem"
],
"section": "Luxembourgish",
"subsection": "determiner",
"title": "deem",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.