"dub" meaning in Old Irish

See dub in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [duβ]
Etymology: From Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”). Etymology templates: {{root|sga|ine-pro|*dʰewbʰ-}}, {{inh|sga|cel-pro|*dubus||black}} Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), {{inh|sga|ine-pro|*dʰewbʰ-||black, deep}} Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”) Head templates: {{head|sga|adjective|||||||head=}} dub, {{sga-adj}} dub Inflection templates: {{sga-decl-adj-u|duib|duba}}, {{sga-decl-adj-table|acc_f_sg=duib|acc_m_pl=dubai|acc_m_sg=dub|dat_f_sg=duib|dat_m_sg=dub|dat_n_sg=dub|dat_pl=dubaib|gen_f_sg=dubae|gen_m_sg=duib|gen_n_sg=duib|gen_pl=*|info=u-stem|nom_f_sg=dub|nom_fn_pl=dubai|nom_m_pl=dubai|nom_m_sg=dub|nom_n_sg=dub|notes=*not attested in Old Irish; same as nominative singular masculine in Middle Irish|voc_m_pl=dubai|voc_m_sg=dub}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], dub [masculine, nominative, singular], dub [feminine, nominative, singular], dub [neuter, nominative, singular], dub [masculine, singular, vocative], dub [feminine, singular, vocative], dub [neuter, singular, vocative], dub [accusative, masculine, singular], duib [accusative, feminine, singular], dub [accusative, neuter, singular], duib [genitive, masculine, singular], dubae [feminine, genitive, singular], duib [genitive, neuter, singular], dub [dative, masculine, singular], duib [dative, feminine, singular], dub [dative, neuter, singular], dubai [masculine, nominative, plural], dubai [error-unrecognized-form, feminine, neuter, nominative, singular], dubai [masculine, plural, vocative], dubai [error-unrecognized-form, feminine, neuter, singular, vocative], dubai [accusative, masculine, plural], dubai [accusative, error-unrecognized-form, feminine, neuter, singular], dubaib [dative, error-unrecognized-form], dubaib [dative, masculine]
  1. black
    Sense id: en-dub-sga-adj-wAbH46sU Categories (other): Colors Disambiguation of Colors: 44 15 41 0
  2. morally dark, dire, gloomy, melancholy
    Sense id: en-dub-sga-adj-DpWBcW0K Categories (other): Colors Disambiguation of Colors: 44 15 41 0

Noun

IPA: [duβ]
Etymology: From Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”). Etymology templates: {{root|sga|ine-pro|*dʰewbʰ-}}, {{inh|sga|cel-pro|*dubus||black}} Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), {{inh|sga|ine-pro|*dʰewbʰ-||black, deep}} Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”) Head templates: {{head|sga|noun|||genitive|dubo||||||||{{{3}}}||{{{pl2}}}||{{{pl3}}}|cat2=|g=n|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} dub n (genitive dubo), {{sga-noun|n|dubo}} dub n (genitive dubo) Inflection templates: {{sga-decl-u|g=n|n=s}}, {{sga-decl-noun|acc_du=dub+L|acc_du2=|acc_du3=|acc_pl=dub|acc_pl2=|acc_pl3=|acc_sg=dub+N|acc_sg2=|acc_sg3=|class=u-n|dat_du=dubaib|dat_du2=|dat_du3=|dat_pl=dubaib|dat_pl2=|dat_pl3=|dat_sg=dub+L|dat_sg2=|dat_sg3=|gen_du=dubo+N|gen_du2=duba+N|gen_du3=|gen_du4=|gen_pl=dub+N|gen_pl2=|gen_pl3=|gen_sg=dubo+H|gen_sg2=duba+H|gen_sg3=|gen_sg4=|n=s|nom_du=dub+L|nom_du2=|nom_du3=|nom_pl=dub+L|nom_pl2=duba|nom_pl3=|nom_pl4=|nom_sg=dub+N|nom_sg2=|nom_sg3=|voc_du=dub+L|voc_du2=|voc_du3=|voc_pl=dub|voc_pl2=|voc_pl3=|voc_sg=dub+N|voc_sg2=|voc_sg3=}} Forms: dubo [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], dub [nominative, singular], - [dual, nominative], - [nominative, plural], dub [singular, vocative], - [dual, vocative], - [plural, vocative], dub [accusative, singular], - [accusative, dual], - [accusative, plural], dubo [genitive, singular], duba [genitive, singular], - [dual, genitive], - [genitive, plural], dub [dative, singular], - [dative, dual], - [dative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], dub [error-unrecognized-form], ndub
  1. black pigment, ink Tags: neuter
    Sense id: en-dub-sga-noun-3dYtMEPR Categories (other): Old Irish entries with incorrect language header, Colors Disambiguation of Old Irish entries with incorrect language header: 12 19 56 12 Disambiguation of Colors: 44 15 41 0
  2. gall Tags: neuter
    Sense id: en-dub-sga-noun-L7JhDrrK

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "dubh"
          },
          "expansion": "Irish: dubh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irish: dubh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gd",
            "2": "dubh"
          },
          "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: dubh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scottish Gaelic: dubh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gv",
            "2": "doo"
          },
          "expansion": "Manx: doo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Manx: doo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰewbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*dubus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰewbʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "black, deep"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-adj-u",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "dub",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "dub",
      "name": "sga-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "duib",
        "2": "duba"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-adj-u"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_f_sg": "duib",
        "acc_m_pl": "dubai",
        "acc_m_sg": "dub",
        "dat_f_sg": "duib",
        "dat_m_sg": "dub",
        "dat_n_sg": "dub",
        "dat_pl": "dubaib",
        "gen_f_sg": "dubae",
        "gen_m_sg": "duib",
        "gen_n_sg": "duib",
        "gen_pl": "*",
        "info": "u-stem",
        "nom_f_sg": "dub",
        "nom_fn_pl": "dubai",
        "nom_m_pl": "dubai",
        "nom_m_sg": "dub",
        "nom_n_sg": "dub",
        "notes": "*not attested in Old Irish; same as nominative singular masculine in Middle Irish",
        "voc_m_pl": "dubai",
        "voc_m_sg": "dub"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-adj-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 15 41 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "sga",
          "name": "Colors",
          "orig": "sga:Colors",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "black"
      ],
      "id": "en-dub-sga-adj-wAbH46sU",
      "links": [
        [
          "black",
          "black"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 15 41 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "sga",
          "name": "Colors",
          "orig": "sga:Colors",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "morally dark, dire, gloomy, melancholy"
      ],
      "id": "en-dub-sga-adj-DpWBcW0K",
      "links": [
        [
          "morally",
          "morally"
        ],
        [
          "dark",
          "dark"
        ],
        [
          "dire",
          "dire"
        ],
        [
          "gloomy",
          "gloomy"
        ],
        [
          "melancholy",
          "melancholy"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[duβ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "dub"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰewbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*dubus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰewbʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "black, deep"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dubo",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-u",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ndub",
      "source": "mutation"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "genitive",
        "6": "dubo",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "dub n (genitive dubo)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "dubo"
      },
      "expansion": "dub n (genitive dubo)",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "n",
        "n": "s"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-u"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "dub+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "dub",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "dub+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "u-n",
        "dat_du": "dubaib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "dubaib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "dub+L",
        "dat_sg2": "",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "dubo+N",
        "gen_du2": "duba+N",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_du4": "",
        "gen_pl": "dub+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_sg": "dubo+H",
        "gen_sg2": "duba+H",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "gen_sg4": "",
        "n": "s",
        "nom_du": "dub+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "dub+L",
        "nom_pl2": "duba",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_pl4": "",
        "nom_sg": "dub+N",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "dub+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "dub",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "dub+N",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 19 56 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "44 15 41 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "sga",
          "name": "Colors",
          "orig": "sga:Colors",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ó dub glosses atramento"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              8,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              16
            ]
          ],
          "english": "is this ink good thus?",
          "text": "in maith a n-dubso amne",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              21,
              24
            ]
          ],
          "english": "New parchment, bad ink! Oh, I say nothing more.",
          "text": "Memmbrum naue, droch dub! Ó, ní epur na haill.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "black pigment, ink"
      ],
      "id": "en-dub-sga-noun-3dYtMEPR",
      "links": [
        [
          "black",
          "black"
        ],
        [
          "pigment",
          "pigment"
        ],
        [
          "ink",
          "ink"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gall"
      ],
      "id": "en-dub-sga-noun-L7JhDrrK",
      "links": [
        [
          "gall",
          "gall"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[duβ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "dub"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish adjectives",
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish neuter nouns",
    "Old Irish neuter u-stem nouns",
    "Old Irish nouns",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewbʰ-",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Irish u-stem adjectives",
    "Old Irish uncountable nouns",
    "Pages with 15 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "sga:Colors"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "dubh"
          },
          "expansion": "Irish: dubh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irish: dubh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gd",
            "2": "dubh"
          },
          "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: dubh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scottish Gaelic: dubh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gv",
            "2": "doo"
          },
          "expansion": "Manx: doo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Manx: doo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰewbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*dubus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰewbʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "black, deep"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-adj-u",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "dub",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "dub",
      "name": "sga-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "duib",
        "2": "duba"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-adj-u"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_f_sg": "duib",
        "acc_m_pl": "dubai",
        "acc_m_sg": "dub",
        "dat_f_sg": "duib",
        "dat_m_sg": "dub",
        "dat_n_sg": "dub",
        "dat_pl": "dubaib",
        "gen_f_sg": "dubae",
        "gen_m_sg": "duib",
        "gen_n_sg": "duib",
        "gen_pl": "*",
        "info": "u-stem",
        "nom_f_sg": "dub",
        "nom_fn_pl": "dubai",
        "nom_m_pl": "dubai",
        "nom_m_sg": "dub",
        "nom_n_sg": "dub",
        "notes": "*not attested in Old Irish; same as nominative singular masculine in Middle Irish",
        "voc_m_pl": "dubai",
        "voc_m_sg": "dub"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-adj-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "black"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "black",
          "black"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "morally dark, dire, gloomy, melancholy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "morally",
          "morally"
        ],
        [
          "dark",
          "dark"
        ],
        [
          "dire",
          "dire"
        ],
        [
          "gloomy",
          "gloomy"
        ],
        [
          "melancholy",
          "melancholy"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[duβ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "dub"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish adjectives",
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish neuter nouns",
    "Old Irish neuter u-stem nouns",
    "Old Irish nouns",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewbʰ-",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Irish u-stem adjectives",
    "Old Irish uncountable nouns",
    "Pages with 15 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "sga:Colors"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰewbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*dubus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰewbʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "black, deep"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black, deep”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dubo",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-u",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dub",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ndub",
      "source": "mutation"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "genitive",
        "6": "dubo",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "dub n (genitive dubo)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "dubo"
      },
      "expansion": "dub n (genitive dubo)",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "n",
        "n": "s"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-u"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "dub+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "dub",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "dub+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "u-n",
        "dat_du": "dubaib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "dubaib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "dub+L",
        "dat_sg2": "",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "dubo+N",
        "gen_du2": "duba+N",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_du4": "",
        "gen_pl": "dub+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_sg": "dubo+H",
        "gen_sg2": "duba+H",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "gen_sg4": "",
        "n": "s",
        "nom_du": "dub+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "dub+L",
        "nom_pl2": "duba",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_pl4": "",
        "nom_sg": "dub+N",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "dub+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "dub",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "dub+N",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ó dub glosses atramento"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              8,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              16
            ]
          ],
          "english": "is this ink good thus?",
          "text": "in maith a n-dubso amne",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              21,
              24
            ]
          ],
          "english": "New parchment, bad ink! Oh, I say nothing more.",
          "text": "Memmbrum naue, droch dub! Ó, ní epur na haill.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "black pigment, ink"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "black",
          "black"
        ],
        [
          "pigment",
          "pigment"
        ],
        [
          "ink",
          "ink"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gall"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gall",
          "gall"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[duβ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "dub"
}

Download raw JSONL data for dub meaning in Old Irish (9.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'feminine/neuter'",
  "path": [
    "dub"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "dub",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: dub/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "dub"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "dub",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
  "path": [
    "dub"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "dub",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
  "path": [
    "dub"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "dub",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/1826",
  "msg": "inflection table: empty tags for ndub",
  "path": [
    "dub"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "dub",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (e937b02 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.