See cog on Wiktionary
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"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
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"sc": "Latn",
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},
"expansion": "cog",
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{
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"expansion": "cog",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
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{
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"source": "w"
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"word": "cog"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cog fog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Cogger"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "coggery"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "coggle"
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"word": "cog joint"
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"word": "coglike"
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cog mill"
},
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"word": "cograil"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cog railway"
},
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"word": "cogset"
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"word": "cogwheel"
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{
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"word": "cogwood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cudgel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hunting cog"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "oxtercog"
}
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},
"expansion": "Middle English cogge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English cogge",
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"name": "der"
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{
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"3": "",
"4": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian kugg (“cog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "kugg",
"3": "kugg, kugge",
"4": "cog, tooth"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kugg, kugge (“cog, tooth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kuggō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kuggō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "kogge",
"3": "",
"4": "cogboat"
},
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"expansion": "German Kock",
"name": "cog"
},
{
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"4": "",
"5": "hump, ball"
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"name": "der"
},
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"2": "gugà",
"3": "",
"4": "pommel, hump, hill"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English cogge, from Old Norse [Term?] (compare Norwegian kugg (“cog”), Swedish kugg, kugge (“cog, tooth”)), from Proto-Germanic *kuggō (compare Dutch kogge (“cogboat”), German Kock), from Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”) (compare Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)), from *gēw- (“to bend, arch”).\nThe meaning of “cog” in carpentry derives from association with a tooth on a cogwheel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cog (plural cogs)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A tooth on a gear."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-noun-7lZRSxn-",
"links": [
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"gear",
"gear"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zubjéc",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зубе́ц"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zǎbéc",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зъбе́ц"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dent"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "齒"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chǐ",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "齿"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zub"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tand"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tandwieltand"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "dento"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "hammas"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dent"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dente"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "macho"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zahn"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "fog"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"alt": "は",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ha",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "歯"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "i",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "이"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "tomni",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "톱니"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zapče",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "запче"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "nihowhiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "tannhjul"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Zak"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ząb"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dente"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zubéc",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зубе́ц"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fiacaill"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "зу́бац"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "zúbac"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zub"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diente"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kugge"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tand"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "fan-fʉʉang",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "ฟันเฟือง"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "diş"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zubécʹ",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зубе́ць"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A gear; a cogwheel."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-noun-lDkG09ta",
"links": [
[
"gear",
"gear"
],
[
"cogwheel",
"cogwheel"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1976, Norman Denny (English translation), Victor Hugo (original French), Les Misérables\n‘There are twenty-five of us, but they don’t reckon I’m worth anything. I’m just a cog in the machine.’"
},
{
"text": "1988, David Mamet, Speed-the-Plow\nYour boss tells you “take initiative,” you best guess right—and you do, then you get no credit. Day-in, … smiling, smiling, just a cog."
}
],
"glosses": [
"An unimportant individual in a greater system."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-noun-XVkGhNKN",
"links": [
[
"unimportant",
"unimportant"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peó"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "radertje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"word": "ratas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "badanas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "niquifate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "belanxín"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Rädchen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rotellina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "víntik",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ви́нтик"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mélkaja sóška",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ме́лкая со́шка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "зупчаничић"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "шрафић"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "zupčaničić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "šrafić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 96 3 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kugge"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Carpentry",
"orig": "en:Carpentry",
"parents": [
"Construction",
"Woodworking",
"Architecture",
"Engineering",
"Crafts",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Technology",
"Society",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 7 39 16 22 11",
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "3 3 19 34 13 18 10",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 9 40 13 18 15",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 15 35 14 19 11",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "3 3 15 35 14 19 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 5 50 14 19 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 13 34 13 21 13",
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"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 21 33 12 16 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 15 35 14 19 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 19 34 13 18 10",
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},
{
"_dis": "3 3 19 34 13 18 10",
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "3 3 15 35 14 19 11",
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"parents": [],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"A projection or tenon at the end of a beam designed to fit into a matching opening of another piece of wood to form a joint."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-noun-OM7Ee8gl",
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"projection",
"projection"
],
[
"tenon",
"tenon"
],
[
"beam",
"beam"
],
[
"joint",
"joint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) A projection or tenon at the end of a beam designed to fit into a matching opening of another piece of wood to form a joint."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 5 90 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "cápfa",
"sense": "carpentry: a projection or tenon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ца́пфа"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 5 90 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "carpentry: a projection or tenon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zapfen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 5 90 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "carpentry: a projection or tenon",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "féder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 5 90 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "carpentry: a projection or tenon",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "фе́дер"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mining",
"orig": "en:Mining",
"parents": [
"Industries",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the rough pillars of stone or coal left to support the roof of a mine."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-noun-6tBsCKHi",
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining) One of the rough pillars of stone or coal left to support the roof of a mine."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːɡ"
},
{
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}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cog"
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cogge",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English cogge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cogge"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English cogge",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse [Term?]",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "kugg",
"3": "",
"4": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian kugg (“cog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kugg",
"3": "kugg, kugge",
"4": "cog, tooth"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kugg, kugge (“cog, tooth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kuggō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kuggō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kogge",
"3": "",
"4": "cogboat"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kogge (“cogboat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kock"
},
"expansion": "German Kock",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gugā",
"4": "",
"5": "hump, ball"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gugà",
"3": "",
"4": "pommel, hump, hill"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English cogge, from Old Norse [Term?] (compare Norwegian kugg (“cog”), Swedish kugg, kugge (“cog, tooth”)), from Proto-Germanic *kuggō (compare Dutch kogge (“cogboat”), German Kock), from Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”) (compare Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)), from *gēw- (“to bend, arch”).\nThe meaning of “cog” in carpentry derives from association with a tooth on a cogwheel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cogged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cogged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cog (third-person singular simple present cogs, present participle cogging, simple past and past participle cogged)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To furnish with a cog or cogs."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-verb-hFzh-V5M"
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Of an electric motor or generator, to snap preferentially to certain positions when not energized."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-verb-uPasMY~7",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) Of an electric motor or generator, to snap preferentially to certain positions when not energized."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːɡ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cog.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav.mp3",
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],
"wikipedia": [
"cog",
"cogging torque"
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Cog (ship)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cogge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cogge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "kogge"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kogge",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kuggō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kuggō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gugā",
"4": "",
"5": "hump, ball"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gugà",
"3": "",
"4": "pommel, hump, hill"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cogge, from Middle Dutch kogge, cogghe (modern kogge), from Proto-Germanic *kuggō, from Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”) (compare Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)), from *gēw- (“to bend, arch”). See etymology 1 above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cog (plural cogs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 10 4 15 20 1 1 5 2 2 10 3 2 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 2 11 4 13 20 2 1 6 3 3 8 5 3 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1952, C. S. Lewis, The Voyage of the Dawn Treader:",
"text": "The name of the ship was Dawn Treader. She was only a little bit of a thing compared with one of our ships, or even with the cogs, dromonds, carracks and galleons which Narnia had owned when Lucy and Edmund had reigned there under Peter as the High King, for nearly all navigation had died out in the reigns of Caspian's ancestors.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A partially clinker-built, flat-bottomed, square-rigged mediaeval ship of burden or war, with a round, bulky hull and a single mast, typically 15 to 25 meters in length, in use from ca. 1150 to 1500."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-noun-en:ship",
"links": [
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"clinker-built",
"clinker-built"
],
[
"flat",
"flat"
],
[
"bottom",
"bottom"
],
[
"square-rigged",
"square-rigged"
],
[
"ship",
"ship"
],
[
"burden",
"burden"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"round",
"round"
],
[
"bulky",
"bulky"
],
[
"hull",
"hull"
],
[
"mast",
"mast"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A partially clinker-built, flat-bottomed, square-rigged mediaeval ship of burden or war, with a round, bulky hull and a single mast, typically 15 to 25 meters in length, in use from ca. 1150 to 1500."
],
"senseid": [
"en:ship"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 6 2 5 13 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 1 0 6 8 6 11 15 5 11 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 2 13 5 13 28 0 0 7 6 3 1 6 2 1 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 10 4 15 20 1 1 5 2 2 10 3 2 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 5 13 5 17 44 3 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 8 14 6 16 42 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 2 11 4 13 20 2 1 6 3 3 8 5 3 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 6 14 6 19 39 4 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 6 14 6 19 40 3 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 16 7 21 33 3 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 3 17 7 22 35 3 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 13 5 15 44 3 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 2 18 7 21 37 2 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 5 13 5 18 43 3 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The hypothetical precursor ship type of the above said to be in use during the early Middle Ages, variously alleged to be Frisian or Scandinavian."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-noun-U1CiyMhS",
"links": [
[
"precursor",
"precursor"
],
[
"Middle Ages",
"Middle Ages"
],
[
"Frisian",
"Frisian"
],
[
"Scandinavian",
"Scandinavian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) The hypothetical precursor ship type of the above said to be in use during the early Middle Ages, variously alleged to be Frisian or Scandinavian."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A small fishing boat."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-noun-nbhmmEXJ",
"links": [
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"fishing boat",
"fishing boat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A small fishing boat."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːɡ"
},
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],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "47 53 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coca"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 53 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "koga"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 53 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kogge"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 53 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "type of ship",
"word": "koggi"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 53 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coca"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 53 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kogge"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 53 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kogg",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "когг"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 53 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"roman": "koga",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кога"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 53 0",
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"lang": "Spanish",
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"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coca"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 53 0",
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"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
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}
],
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],
"word": "cog"
}
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},
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"name": "unc"
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],
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{
"form": "cogs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
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"name": "en-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
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{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1602, William Watson, Quodlibets Religious and State:",
"text": "False suggestions, shamelesse cogs, and impious forgeries.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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],
"id": "en-cog-en-noun-oz56lvoX",
"links": [
[
"trick",
"trick"
],
[
"deception",
"deception"
],
[
"falsehood",
"falsehood"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izmama",
"sense": "trick or deception",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "измама"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "trick or deception",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vals spel"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːɡ"
},
{
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],
"wikipedia": [
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],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Both verb and noun appear first in 1532.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cogged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cogged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cog (third-person singular simple present cogs, present participle cogging, simple past and past participle cogged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To load (a die) so that it can be used to cheat."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-verb-3kB3ekmF",
"links": [
[
"load",
"load"
],
[
"die",
"die"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 10 4 15 20 1 1 5 2 2 10 3 2 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1726, Jonathan Swift (debated), Molly Mog\nFor guineas in other men's breeches, / Your gamesters will palm and will cog."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cheat; to play or gamble fraudulently."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-verb-Mi1HH4fF",
"links": [
[
"cheat",
"cheat"
],
[
"play",
"play"
],
[
"gamble",
"gamble"
],
[
"fraudulent",
"fraudulent"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "23 44 29 0 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cheat at dice",
"word": "valsspelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 44 29 0 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cheat at dice",
"word": "bedriegen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:",
"text": "I'll mountebank their loves,\nCog their hearts from them.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To seduce, or draw away, by adulation, artifice, or falsehood; to wheedle; to cozen; to cheat."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-verb-udRHqIFc"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1979, Tri-Quarterly, numbers 46-47, page 273:",
"text": "[…] his themes and exercises were in constant demand for what we called cogging and American students rather grandly called plagiarization. Shakespeare and Eliot plagiarized; we grimly cogged in the early morning-oh, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Verve: The Spirit of Today's Woman, volume 14, numbers 4-6, page 51:",
"text": "Coming to journalism, how many of us have not been guilty at some stage of 'cogging' from other articles, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1879, Dennis O'Sullivan, The Stirring Adventures of Corp'l Morgan Rattler, F. Tousey, →OCLC, page 8:",
"text": "I wasn't able to translate two verses in Virgil or Homer , without “ cogging \" from some fellow - student ; but I was eternally repeating passages from the poems of Byron , Moore , and Scott ; while I gloried in the soul - stirring ...",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To plagiarize."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-verb-iXQJo0Vx",
"links": [
[
"plagiarize",
"plagiarize"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 10 4 15 20 1 1 5 2 2 10 3 2 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 6 17 6 3 8 5 6 15 7 2 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 2 11 4 13 20 2 1 6 3 3 8 5 3 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to cog in a word",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "October 3, 1718, John Dennis, letter to S. T. , Esq; On the Deceitfulness of Rumour\nFustian tragedies […] have […] been cogg'd upon the town for Master-pieces."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To obtrude or thrust in, by falsehood or deception; to palm off."
],
"id": "en-cog-en-verb-18V2dCMm",
"links": [
[
"obtrude",
"obtrude"
],
[
"palm off",
"palm off"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːɡ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cog.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cog"
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cog (plural cogs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "wooden vessel for milk",
"word": "cogue"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of cogue (“wooden vessel for milk”)"
],
"id": "en-cog-en-noun-iNmc~4K6",
"links": [
[
"cogue",
"cogue#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːɡ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cog.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cog"
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cogadh",
"t": "war"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from cogadh (“war”)",
"name": "back-form"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from cogadh (“war”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogann",
"tags": [
"analytic",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaidh",
"tags": [
"analytic",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "cogadh",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "cogtha",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "conjugation-1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-conj-1a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogann tú",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogair",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogann sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaimid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cogann sibh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogann siad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a chogann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "a chogas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "a gcogann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "cogtar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chog mé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chogas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chog tú",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chogais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chog sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogamar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chog muid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chog sibh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogabhair",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chog siad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogadar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a chog",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "ar chog",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "cogadh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "chogainn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogainn‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chogtá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogtᇇ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chogadh sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogadh sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "s퇇",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogaimis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chogadh muid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogaimis‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogadh muid‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chogadh sibh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogadh sibh‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogaidís",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogadh siad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogaidís‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogadh siad‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a chogadh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "a gcogadh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "chogtaí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogta퇇",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaidh mé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaidh tú",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfair",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaidh sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaimid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaidh muid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaidh sibh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaidh siad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a chogfaidh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "a chogfas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "a gcogfaidh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfainn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfainn‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfᇇ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfadh sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfadh sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "s퇇",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfaimis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfadh muid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfaimis‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfadh muid‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfadh sibh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfadh sibh‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfaidís",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfadh siad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfaidís‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfadh siad‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a chogfadh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "a gcogfadh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfaí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfa퇇",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcoga mé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcogad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcoga tú",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcogair",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcoga sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcogaimid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcoga muid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcoga sibh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcoga siad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcogaid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"relative",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcogtar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogainn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogtá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogadh sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogaimis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogadh muid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogadh sibh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogaidís",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogadh siad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"relative",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogtaí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cog",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogadh sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaimis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaigí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaidh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaidís",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "cogtar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "cogadh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "cogtha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cog",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chog",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gcog",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "cogtha",
"2": "verb",
"3": "present analytic",
"4": "cogann",
"5": "future analytic",
"6": "cogfaidh",
"7": "verbal noun",
"8": "cogadh",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "cog (present analytic cogann, future analytic cogfaidh, verbal noun cogadh, past participle cogtha)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"fut": "cogfaidh",
"pp": "cogtha",
"pres": "cogann",
"vn": "cogadh"
},
"expansion": "cog (present analytic cogann, future analytic cogfaidh, verbal noun cogadh, past participle cogtha)",
"name": "ga-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "o",
"3": "g",
"4": "broad"
},
"name": "ga-conj-1a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "e"
},
"name": "ga-mut-link"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish first-conjugation verbs of class A",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to war, wage war"
],
"id": "en-cog-ga-verb-Qi-f-LKO",
"links": [
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"wage",
"wage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or archaic) to war, wage war"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"rare"
]
}
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cogue"
},
"expansion": "Old French cogue",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dum",
"3": "kogge"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kogge",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French cogue, itself from Middle Dutch kogge.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "cog",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum iv”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book V, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:",
"text": "As the Kynge was in his cog and lay in his caban, he felle in a slumberyng[…].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a ship of burden, or war with a round, bulky hull"
],
"id": "en-cog-enm-noun-4jkw94yb",
"links": [
[
"ship",
"ship"
],
[
"burden",
"burden"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"round",
"round"
],
[
"bulky",
"bulky"
],
[
"hull",
"hull"
]
]
}
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "cogadh",
"t": "war, fighting"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from cogadh (“war, fighting”)",
"name": "back-form"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from cogadh (“war, fighting”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chog",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaidh",
"tags": [
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "cogadh",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "cogte",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"10": "",
"11": "verbal noun",
"12": "cogadh",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "past participle",
"18": "cogte",
"2": "verb",
"3": "past",
"4": "chog",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "future",
"8": "cogaidh",
"9": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "cog (past chog, future cogaidh, verbal noun cogadh, past participle cogte)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"fut": "cogaidh",
"past": "chog",
"pp": "cogte",
"vn": "cogadh"
},
"expansion": "cog (past chog, future cogaidh, verbal noun cogadh, past participle cogte)",
"name": "gd-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish Gaelic back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 6 2 5 13 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 1 0 6 8 6 11 15 5 11 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fight"
],
"id": "en-cog-gd-verb-I7ao85nd",
"links": [
[
"fight",
"fight"
]
]
}
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "coc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh coc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*kog"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *kog",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"title": "imitative"
},
"expansion": "imitative",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kā",
"3": "",
"4": "crow, jackdaw"
},
"expansion": "Old High German kā (“crow, jackdaw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kâ",
"3": "",
"4": "crow, jackdaw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kâ (“crow, jackdaw”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh coc, from Proto-Brythonic *kog, ultimately imitative, similar to Old High German kā (“crow, jackdaw”), Middle Low German kâ (“crow, jackdaw”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "cogau"
},
"expansion": "cog f (plural cogau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cuckoo (Cuculidae)"
],
"id": "en-cog-cy-noun-wpr4uUX7",
"links": [
[
"cuckoo",
"cuckoo"
],
[
"Cuculidae",
"Cuculidae#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 6 2 5 13 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 1 0 6 8 6 11 15 5 11 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 68 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 53 24",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "cy:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 64 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Cuckoos",
"orig": "cy:Cuckoos",
"parents": [
"Otidimorph birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cuckoo (Cuculidae)",
"especially common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus)"
],
"id": "en-cog-cy-noun-EYQti6F0",
"links": [
[
"cuckoo",
"cuckoo"
],
[
"Cuculidae",
"Cuculidae#Translingual"
],
[
"common cuckoo",
"common cuckoo"
],
[
"Cuculus canorus",
"Cuculus canorus#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "y gwcw"
},
{
"word": "caethlydd"
},
{
"word": "y gegid fechan"
},
{
"word": "gwcw llwydlas"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/koːɡ/"
}
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "coc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh coc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*kog"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *kog",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "la",
"3": "coquus"
},
"expansion": "Latin coquus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh coc, from Proto-Brythonic *kog, from Latin coquus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cygod",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cog",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gog",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghog",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chog",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "au",
"pl2": "cygod"
},
"expansion": "cog m (plural cogau or cygod)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 9 86",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Cooking",
"orig": "cy:Cooking",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "coginio"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cook"
],
"id": "en-cog-cy-noun-A~uUGAqg",
"links": [
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cogydd"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/koːɡ/"
}
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English three-letter words",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Old Norse term requests",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːɡ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"cy:Cooking",
"cy:Cuckoos",
"cy:Occupations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cog fog"
},
{
"word": "Cogger"
},
{
"word": "coggery"
},
{
"word": "coggle"
},
{
"word": "cog joint"
},
{
"word": "cogless"
},
{
"word": "coglike"
},
{
"word": "cog mill"
},
{
"word": "cograil"
},
{
"word": "cog railway"
},
{
"word": "cogset"
},
{
"word": "cogwheel"
},
{
"word": "cogwood"
},
{
"word": "cudgel"
},
{
"word": "hunting cog"
},
{
"word": "oxtercog"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cogge",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English cogge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cogge"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English cogge",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse [Term?]",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "kugg",
"3": "",
"4": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian kugg (“cog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kugg",
"3": "kugg, kugge",
"4": "cog, tooth"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kugg, kugge (“cog, tooth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kuggō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kuggō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kogge",
"3": "",
"4": "cogboat"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kogge (“cogboat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kock"
},
"expansion": "German Kock",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gugā",
"4": "",
"5": "hump, ball"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gugà",
"3": "",
"4": "pommel, hump, hill"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English cogge, from Old Norse [Term?] (compare Norwegian kugg (“cog”), Swedish kugg, kugge (“cog, tooth”)), from Proto-Germanic *kuggō (compare Dutch kogge (“cogboat”), German Kock), from Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”) (compare Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)), from *gēw- (“to bend, arch”).\nThe meaning of “cog” in carpentry derives from association with a tooth on a cogwheel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cog (plural cogs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A tooth on a gear."
],
"links": [
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"gear",
"gear"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A gear; a cogwheel."
],
"links": [
[
"gear",
"gear"
],
[
"cogwheel",
"cogwheel"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1976, Norman Denny (English translation), Victor Hugo (original French), Les Misérables\n‘There are twenty-five of us, but they don’t reckon I’m worth anything. I’m just a cog in the machine.’"
},
{
"text": "1988, David Mamet, Speed-the-Plow\nYour boss tells you “take initiative,” you best guess right—and you do, then you get no credit. Day-in, … smiling, smiling, just a cog."
}
],
"glosses": [
"An unimportant individual in a greater system."
],
"links": [
[
"unimportant",
"unimportant"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Carpentry"
],
"glosses": [
"A projection or tenon at the end of a beam designed to fit into a matching opening of another piece of wood to form a joint."
],
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"projection",
"projection"
],
[
"tenon",
"tenon"
],
[
"beam",
"beam"
],
[
"joint",
"joint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) A projection or tenon at the end of a beam designed to fit into a matching opening of another piece of wood to form a joint."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Mining"
],
"glosses": [
"One of the rough pillars of stone or coal left to support the roof of a mine."
],
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining) One of the rough pillars of stone or coal left to support the roof of a mine."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːɡ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cog.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zubjéc",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зубе́ц"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zǎbéc",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зъбе́ц"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dent"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "齒"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chǐ",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "齿"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zub"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tand"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tandwieltand"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "dento"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "hammas"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dent"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dente"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "macho"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zahn"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "fog"
},
{
"alt": "は",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ha",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "歯"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "i",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "이"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "tomni",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "톱니"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zapče",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "запче"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "nihowhiti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "nihowhiti"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "tannhjul"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Zak"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ząb"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dente"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zubéc",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зубе́ц"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fiacaill"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "зу́бац"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "zúbac"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zub"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diente"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kugge"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tand"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "fan-fʉʉang",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "ฟันเฟือง"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"word": "diş"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zubécʹ",
"sense": "tooth on a gear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зубе́ць"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peó"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nula"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "radertje"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"word": "ratas"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pion"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "badanas"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "niquifate"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "belanxín"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Rädchen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rotellina"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "víntik",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ви́нтик"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mélkaja sóška",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ме́лкая со́шка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "зупчаничић"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "шрафић"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "zupčaničić"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "šrafić"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "unimportant individual",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kugge"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "cápfa",
"sense": "carpentry: a projection or tenon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ца́пфа"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "carpentry: a projection or tenon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zapfen"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "carpentry: a projection or tenon",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "féder"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "carpentry: a projection or tenon",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "фе́дер"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cog"
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English three-letter words",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Old Norse term requests",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːɡ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"cy:Cooking",
"cy:Cuckoos",
"cy:Occupations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "cogge",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English cogge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cogge"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English cogge",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse [Term?]",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "kugg",
"3": "",
"4": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian kugg (“cog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kugg",
"3": "kugg, kugge",
"4": "cog, tooth"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kugg, kugge (“cog, tooth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kuggō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kuggō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kogge",
"3": "",
"4": "cogboat"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kogge (“cogboat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kock"
},
"expansion": "German Kock",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gugā",
"4": "",
"5": "hump, ball"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gugà",
"3": "",
"4": "pommel, hump, hill"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English cogge, from Old Norse [Term?] (compare Norwegian kugg (“cog”), Swedish kugg, kugge (“cog, tooth”)), from Proto-Germanic *kuggō (compare Dutch kogge (“cogboat”), German Kock), from Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”) (compare Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)), from *gēw- (“to bend, arch”).\nThe meaning of “cog” in carpentry derives from association with a tooth on a cogwheel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cogged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cogged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cog (third-person singular simple present cogs, present participle cogging, simple past and past participle cogged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To furnish with a cog or cogs."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Of an electric motor or generator, to snap preferentially to certain positions when not energized."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) Of an electric motor or generator, to snap preferentially to certain positions when not energized."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːɡ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cog.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cog",
"cogging torque"
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English three-letter words",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːɡ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"cy:Cooking",
"cy:Cuckoos",
"cy:Occupations"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Cog (ship)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cogge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cogge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "kogge"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kogge",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kuggō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kuggō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gugā",
"4": "",
"5": "hump, ball"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gugà",
"3": "",
"4": "pommel, hump, hill"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cogge, from Middle Dutch kogge, cogghe (modern kogge), from Proto-Germanic *kuggō, from Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”) (compare Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)), from *gēw- (“to bend, arch”). See etymology 1 above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cog (plural cogs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1952, C. S. Lewis, The Voyage of the Dawn Treader:",
"text": "The name of the ship was Dawn Treader. She was only a little bit of a thing compared with one of our ships, or even with the cogs, dromonds, carracks and galleons which Narnia had owned when Lucy and Edmund had reigned there under Peter as the High King, for nearly all navigation had died out in the reigns of Caspian's ancestors.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A partially clinker-built, flat-bottomed, square-rigged mediaeval ship of burden or war, with a round, bulky hull and a single mast, typically 15 to 25 meters in length, in use from ca. 1150 to 1500."
],
"links": [
[
"clinker-built",
"clinker-built"
],
[
"flat",
"flat"
],
[
"bottom",
"bottom"
],
[
"square-rigged",
"square-rigged"
],
[
"ship",
"ship"
],
[
"burden",
"burden"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"round",
"round"
],
[
"bulky",
"bulky"
],
[
"hull",
"hull"
],
[
"mast",
"mast"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A partially clinker-built, flat-bottomed, square-rigged mediaeval ship of burden or war, with a round, bulky hull and a single mast, typically 15 to 25 meters in length, in use from ca. 1150 to 1500."
],
"senseid": [
"en:ship"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"The hypothetical precursor ship type of the above said to be in use during the early Middle Ages, variously alleged to be Frisian or Scandinavian."
],
"links": [
[
"precursor",
"precursor"
],
[
"Middle Ages",
"Middle Ages"
],
[
"Frisian",
"Frisian"
],
[
"Scandinavian",
"Scandinavian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) The hypothetical precursor ship type of the above said to be in use during the early Middle Ages, variously alleged to be Frisian or Scandinavian."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A small fishing boat."
],
"links": [
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"fishing boat",
"fishing boat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A small fishing boat."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːɡ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cog.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coca"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "koga"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kogge"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "type of ship",
"word": "koggi"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coca"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kogge"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kogg",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "когг"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"roman": "koga",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кога"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coca"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "type of ship",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cog"
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English three-letter words",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːɡ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"cy:Cooking",
"cy:Cuckoos",
"cy:Occupations"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Both verb and noun appear first in 1532.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cog (plural cogs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1602, William Watson, Quodlibets Religious and State:",
"text": "False suggestions, shamelesse cogs, and impious forgeries.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A trick or deception; a falsehood."
],
"links": [
[
"trick",
"trick"
],
[
"deception",
"deception"
],
[
"falsehood",
"falsehood"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːɡ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cog.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izmama",
"sense": "trick or deception",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "измама"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "trick or deception",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vals spel"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cog"
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
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"English verbs",
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"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːɡ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"cy:Cooking",
"cy:Cuckoos",
"cy:Occupations"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Both verb and noun appear first in 1532.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cogged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cogged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "cog (third-person singular simple present cogs, present participle cogging, simple past and past participle cogged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To load (a die) so that it can be used to cheat."
],
"links": [
[
"load",
"load"
],
[
"die",
"die"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1726, Jonathan Swift (debated), Molly Mog\nFor guineas in other men's breeches, / Your gamesters will palm and will cog."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cheat; to play or gamble fraudulently."
],
"links": [
[
"cheat",
"cheat"
],
[
"play",
"play"
],
[
"gamble",
"gamble"
],
[
"fraudulent",
"fraudulent"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:",
"text": "I'll mountebank their loves,\nCog their hearts from them.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To seduce, or draw away, by adulation, artifice, or falsehood; to wheedle; to cozen; to cheat."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1979, Tri-Quarterly, numbers 46-47, page 273:",
"text": "[…] his themes and exercises were in constant demand for what we called cogging and American students rather grandly called plagiarization. Shakespeare and Eliot plagiarized; we grimly cogged in the early morning-oh, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Verve: The Spirit of Today's Woman, volume 14, numbers 4-6, page 51:",
"text": "Coming to journalism, how many of us have not been guilty at some stage of 'cogging' from other articles, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1879, Dennis O'Sullivan, The Stirring Adventures of Corp'l Morgan Rattler, F. Tousey, →OCLC, page 8:",
"text": "I wasn't able to translate two verses in Virgil or Homer , without “ cogging \" from some fellow - student ; but I was eternally repeating passages from the poems of Byron , Moore , and Scott ; while I gloried in the soul - stirring ...",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To plagiarize."
],
"links": [
[
"plagiarize",
"plagiarize"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to cog in a word",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "October 3, 1718, John Dennis, letter to S. T. , Esq; On the Deceitfulness of Rumour\nFustian tragedies […] have […] been cogg'd upon the town for Master-pieces."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To obtrude or thrust in, by falsehood or deception; to palm off."
],
"links": [
[
"obtrude",
"obtrude"
],
[
"palm off",
"palm off"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːɡ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cog.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cheat at dice",
"word": "valsspelen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cheat at dice",
"word": "bedriegen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cog"
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English three-letter words",
"Pages with 6 entries",
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"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːɡ/1 syllable",
"cy:Cooking",
"cy:Cuckoos",
"cy:Occupations"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cog (plural cogs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "wooden vessel for milk",
"word": "cogue"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of cogue (“wooden vessel for milk”)"
],
"links": [
[
"cogue",
"cogue#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kŏg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːɡ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cog.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cog.wav.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cog"
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"cy:Cooking",
"cy:Cuckoos",
"cy:Occupations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cogadh",
"t": "war"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from cogadh (“war”)",
"name": "back-form"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from cogadh (“war”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogann",
"tags": [
"analytic",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaidh",
"tags": [
"analytic",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "cogadh",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "cogtha",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "conjugation-1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-conj-1a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogann tú",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogair",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogann sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaimid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cogann sibh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogann siad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a chogann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "a chogas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "a gcogann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "cogtar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chog mé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chogas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chog tú",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chogais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chog sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogamar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chog muid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chog sibh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogabhair",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chog siad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogadar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a chog",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "ar chog",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "cogadh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "chogainn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogainn‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chogtá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogtᇇ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chogadh sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogadh sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "s퇇",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogaimis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chogadh muid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogaimis‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogadh muid‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chogadh sibh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogadh sibh‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogaidís",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogadh siad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogaidís‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogadh siad‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a chogadh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "a gcogadh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "chogtaí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogta퇇",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"habitual",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaidh mé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaidh tú",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfair",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaidh sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaimid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaidh muid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaidh sibh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaidh siad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfaid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a chogfaidh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "a chogfas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "a gcogfaidh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "cogfar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfainn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfainn‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfᇇ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfadh sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfadh sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "s퇇",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfaimis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfadh muid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfaimis‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfadh muid‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfadh sibh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfadh sibh‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfaidís",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfadh siad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfaidís‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfadh siad‡‡",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "a chogfadh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "a gcogfadh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "chogfaí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "gcogfa퇇",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcoga mé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcogad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcoga tú",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcogair",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcoga sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcogaimid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcoga muid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcoga sibh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcoga siad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcogaid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"relative",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "go gcogtar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogainn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogtá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogadh sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogaimis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogadh muid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogadh sibh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogaidís",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogadh siad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"relative",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dá gcogtaí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cog",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cogadh sé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaimis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaigí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaidh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaidís",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "cogtar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"autonomous",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "cogadh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "cogtha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cog",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chog",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gcog",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "cogtha",
"2": "verb",
"3": "present analytic",
"4": "cogann",
"5": "future analytic",
"6": "cogfaidh",
"7": "verbal noun",
"8": "cogadh",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "cog (present analytic cogann, future analytic cogfaidh, verbal noun cogadh, past participle cogtha)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"fut": "cogfaidh",
"pp": "cogtha",
"pres": "cogann",
"vn": "cogadh"
},
"expansion": "cog (present analytic cogann, future analytic cogfaidh, verbal noun cogadh, past participle cogtha)",
"name": "ga-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "o",
"3": "g",
"4": "broad"
},
"name": "ga-conj-1a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"name": "ga-mut-lenition-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "e"
},
"name": "ga-mut-link"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Irish back-formations",
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish first-conjugation verbs of class A",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish terms with archaic senses",
"Irish terms with rare senses",
"Irish verbs",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to war, wage war"
],
"links": [
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"wage",
"wage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or archaic) to war, wage war"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"rare"
]
}
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"cy:Cooking",
"cy:Cuckoos",
"cy:Occupations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cogue"
},
"expansion": "Old French cogue",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dum",
"3": "kogge"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kogge",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French cogue, itself from Middle Dutch kogge.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "cog",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum iv”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book V, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:",
"text": "As the Kynge was in his cog and lay in his caban, he felle in a slumberyng[…].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a ship of burden, or war with a round, bulky hull"
],
"links": [
[
"ship",
"ship"
],
[
"burden",
"burden"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"round",
"round"
],
[
"bulky",
"bulky"
],
[
"hull",
"hull"
]
]
}
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"cy:Cooking",
"cy:Cuckoos",
"cy:Occupations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "cogadh",
"t": "war, fighting"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from cogadh (“war, fighting”)",
"name": "back-form"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from cogadh (“war, fighting”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chog",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cogaidh",
"tags": [
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "cogadh",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "cogte",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"10": "",
"11": "verbal noun",
"12": "cogadh",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "past participle",
"18": "cogte",
"2": "verb",
"3": "past",
"4": "chog",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "future",
"8": "cogaidh",
"9": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "cog (past chog, future cogaidh, verbal noun cogadh, past participle cogte)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"fut": "cogaidh",
"past": "chog",
"pp": "cogte",
"vn": "cogadh"
},
"expansion": "cog (past chog, future cogaidh, verbal noun cogadh, past participle cogte)",
"name": "gd-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scottish Gaelic back-formations",
"Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
"Scottish Gaelic lemmas",
"Scottish Gaelic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"fight"
],
"links": [
[
"fight",
"fight"
]
]
}
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"cy:Cooking",
"cy:Cuckoos",
"cy:Occupations"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"f1lang": "en",
"f1nolink": "",
"f2lang": "en",
"f2nolink": "",
"f3lang": "en",
"f3nolink": "",
"f4lang": "en",
"f4nolink": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"nolinkhead": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cog",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cog",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ISO 639-3",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"ISO 639-3 language code for Chong."
],
"links": [
[
"language code",
"language code"
]
],
"qualifier": "international standards",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Chong."
]
}
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh feminine nouns",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh onomatopoeias",
"Welsh terms derived from Latin",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pekʷ-",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"cy:Cooking",
"cy:Cuckoos",
"cy:Occupations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "coc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh coc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*kog"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *kog",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"title": "imitative"
},
"expansion": "imitative",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kā",
"3": "",
"4": "crow, jackdaw"
},
"expansion": "Old High German kā (“crow, jackdaw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kâ",
"3": "",
"4": "crow, jackdaw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kâ (“crow, jackdaw”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh coc, from Proto-Brythonic *kog, ultimately imitative, similar to Old High German kā (“crow, jackdaw”), Middle Low German kâ (“crow, jackdaw”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "cogau"
},
"expansion": "cog f (plural cogau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cuckoo (Cuculidae)"
],
"links": [
[
"cuckoo",
"cuckoo"
],
[
"Cuculidae",
"Cuculidae#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cuckoo (Cuculidae)",
"especially common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus)"
],
"links": [
[
"cuckoo",
"cuckoo"
],
[
"Cuculidae",
"Cuculidae#Translingual"
],
[
"common cuckoo",
"common cuckoo"
],
[
"Cuculus canorus",
"Cuculus canorus#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "y gwcw"
},
{
"word": "caethlydd"
},
{
"word": "y gegid fechan"
},
{
"word": "gwcw llwydlas"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/koːɡ/"
}
],
"word": "cog"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh terms derived from Latin",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pekʷ-",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"cy:Cooking",
"cy:Cuckoos",
"cy:Occupations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "coginio"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "coc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh coc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*kog"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *kog",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "la",
"3": "coquus"
},
"expansion": "Latin coquus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh coc, from Proto-Brythonic *kog, from Latin coquus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cogau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cygod",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cog",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gog",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghog",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chog",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "au",
"pl2": "cygod"
},
"expansion": "cog m (plural cogau or cygod)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cook"
],
"links": [
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cogydd"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/koːɡ/"
}
],
"word": "cog"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cog meaning in All languages combined (56.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cog/Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"cog"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "cog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"cog"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "cog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'eclipsis'",
"path": [
"cog"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "cog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cog/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"cog"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cog/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"cog"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cog/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"cog"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cog",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.