See been on Wiktionary
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"text": "He been had that job.",
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"text": "We been knew they was doing this.",
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"ref": "2013, DayQuan Miller, Back Blocks, StealthMode Entertainment, page 147",
"text": "She was disloyal, Casper was disloyal, so them muthafuckas gotta go. Like you said[,] we been knew we was going to have to kill Frost, so let's do it and Light too.” Star said. “Say no more. I'ma handle Kisha myself.” Max said walking to the door."
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"text": "It useta been five foot long.",
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"text": "\"Bones\", says he, \"I tink dey's a-goin' to been a war ober de Alabamy question[…]",
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{
"ref": "1888, Mary Augusta Ward, “Book I”, in Robert Elsmere, London: Macmillan and Company, page 20:",
"text": "Yur a boald 'un to tell the missus theer to hur feeace as how ya wur 'tossicatit whan ya owt to been duing yur larful business.",
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"ref": "1966, DARE Tape SC10, quotee, “be v”, in edited by Frederic G. Cassidy and Joan Houston Hall, Dictionary of American Regional English, volume 1, Harvard University Press, published 1985, page 178:",
"text": "[…]But one time it use' to been so cold right first of the winter.",
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"ref": "1584, George Peele, The Arraignment of Paris, I, ii:",
"text": "My love is fair, my love is gay,\nAs fresh as been the flowers in May;",
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{
"ref": "1606, N[athaniel] B[axter], Sir Philip Sydneys Ouránia, That Is, Endimions Song and Tragedie, Containing All Philosophie, London: […] Ed. Allde, for Edward White, […], →OCLC, signature G, recto:",
"text": "Theſe Beaſtes been of higheſt Regard and Price / To pleaſure Princes and to murder vice.",
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"ref": "c. 1607–1608, William Shakeſpeare, The Late, And much admired Play, Called Pericles, Prince of Tyre. […], London: Imprinted at London for Henry Goſſon, […], published 1609, →OCLC, [Act II, Prologue]:",
"text": "Where when men been, there's ſeldome eaſe,",
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"ref": "1641, Ben Jonson, The Sad Shepherd, I, iii:",
"text": "O Friar, those are faults that are not seen,\nOurs open, and of worse example been.",
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{
"ref": "1686, Edward Fairfax, transl., Godfrey of Bulloigne: Or, The Recovery of Jerusalem, section 20, page 8:",
"text": "Some of green Boughs their slender Cabbins frame, / Some lodged were Tortoſa's streets about, / Of all the Hoſt the Chief of Worth and Name / Aſſembled been, a Senate grave and ſtout;",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "beenvlies"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "benen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "benig"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bijbenen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "borstbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bovenbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "darmbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "de benen nemen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "de benen strekken"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dijbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "er met gestrekt been ingaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gebeente"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "heiligbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "heupbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "jukbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kraakbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kuitbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "middenhandsbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "middenvoetsbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "onderbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ontbenen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "op de been"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penisbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "schaambeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "schedelbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "scheenbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sleutelbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spaakbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spillebeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "staartbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tongbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tweebeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tweebenig"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "uitbenen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "verbenen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "zeefbeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "zitbeen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "been"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: been",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: been"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brc",
"2": "been"
},
"expansion": "Berbice Creole Dutch: been",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Berbice Creole Dutch: been"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-jdt",
"2": "beîn"
},
"expansion": "Jersey Dutch: beîn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Jersey Dutch: beîn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "been"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: been",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: been"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arw",
"2": "bèna",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lokono: bèna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lokono: bèna"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "bêen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bêen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "bēn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch bēn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bain",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bainą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bainą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch bêen, from Old Dutch bēn, from Proto-West Germanic *bain, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "beenderen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "benen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "beenders",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "beentje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-eren",
"3": "+",
"pl2": "benen",
"pl3": "beenders <q:obsolete>"
},
"expansion": "been n (plural beenderen or benen or (obsolete) beenders, diminutive beentje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"been"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "nl:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The archaeologists found ancient bones of a dinosaur in the excavation.",
"text": "De archeologen vonden oude beenderen van een dinosaurus in de opgraving.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bone, constituent part of a skeleton"
],
"id": "en-been-nl-noun-YBJQT6Vi",
"links": [
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bot"
},
{
"word": "knook"
},
{
"word": "knekel"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "nl:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 3 1 15 34 34 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bone, the chalky material bones are made of"
],
"id": "en-been-nl-noun--xd-KL50",
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) bone, the chalky material bones are made of"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bot"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/beːn/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-been.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/Nl-been.ogg/Nl-been.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Nl-been.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eːn"
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"been"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 1 1 0 6 12 12 1 1 0 3 3 9 0 0 0 4 1 1 7 1 1 1 1 9 0 4 1 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 1 1 1 1 0 6 13 13 0 1 0 3 3 9 0 0 0 5 1 1 8 1 0 1 1 9 0 4 0 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 3 1 15 34 34 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "benen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of benen:",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-been-nl-verb-7nROZxaw",
"links": [
[
"benen",
"benen#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 1 1 0 6 12 12 1 1 0 3 3 9 0 0 0 4 1 1 7 1 1 1 1 9 0 4 1 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 1 1 1 1 0 6 13 13 0 1 0 3 3 9 0 0 0 5 1 1 8 1 0 1 1 9 0 4 0 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 3 1 15 34 34 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "benen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of benen:",
"second-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-been-nl-verb-i8uGatw5",
"links": [
[
"benen",
"benen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of benen:",
"(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in case of inversion"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "benen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of benen:",
"imperative"
],
"id": "en-been-nl-verb-CVj-ybsZ",
"links": [
[
"benen",
"benen#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/beːn/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-been.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/Nl-been.ogg/Nl-been.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Nl-been.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eːn"
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-nl",
"2": "nds",
"3": "Been"
},
"expansion": "Low German Been",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-nl",
"2": "gml",
"3": "bên"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bên",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-nl",
"2": "osx",
"3": "bēn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon bēn",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Low German Been, from Middle Low German bên, from Old Saxon bēn.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-nl",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch Low Saxon",
"lang_code": "nds-nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch Low Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"leg"
],
"id": "en-been-nds-nl-noun-x8j8kau4",
"links": [
[
"leg",
"leg"
]
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "Been"
}
]
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "bee"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive/accusative singular of bee"
],
"id": "en-been-fi-noun-pDski8I6",
"links": [
[
"bee",
"bee#Finnish"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "been"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: been\nAfrikaans: been\nBerbice Creole Dutch: been\nJersey Dutch: beîn\nNegerhollands: been\n→ Lokono: bèna",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: been\nAfrikaans: been\nBerbice Creole Dutch: been\nJersey Dutch: beîn\nNegerhollands: been\n→ Lokono: bèna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "bein"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: bein",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: bein"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "bēn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch bēn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bain",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bainą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bainą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch bēn, from Proto-West Germanic *bain, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bêen",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{stem}}}-",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "bêen",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bêen n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"head": "bêen"
},
"expansion": "bêen n",
"name": "dum-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"leg"
],
"id": "en-been-dum-noun-x8j8kau4",
"links": [
[
"leg",
"leg"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foot"
],
"id": "en-been-dum-noun-IuT2kSpp",
"links": [
[
"foot",
"foot"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bone"
],
"id": "en-been-dum-noun-yNrPZX~p",
"links": [
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Limburgish"
],
"word": "bein"
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "be"
},
"expansion": "English: be",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: be; been (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "be"
},
"expansion": "Scots: be",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: be"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ba",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Yola: ba, bee, be, b'",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: ba, bee, be, b'"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēon"
},
"expansion": "Old English bēon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*beun"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *beun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*beuną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *beuną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰewHeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰewHeti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰuH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a conflation of Old English bēon and wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *beun and *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *beuną and *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewHeti (see Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-) and a conflation of *h₂wéseti and *h₁ésti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "is",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "been",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-irr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "been",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to been",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "am",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "art",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "were",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bith",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "were",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "are",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "been",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "weren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "were",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "been",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "weren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "were",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "beth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "beynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "beende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "been",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybeen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "beynge",
"3": "was",
"4": "been"
},
"expansion": "been (third-person singular simple present is, present participle beynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative was, past participle been)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"type": "been"
},
"name": "enm-conj-irr"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 2 4 15 6 1 2 1 18 0 9 1 16 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 4 13 6 4 3 3 16 1 8 2 15 13",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Brassicales order plants",
"orig": "enm:Brassicales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be; to exist or have existence:",
"To occur; to come to be."
],
"id": "en-been-enm-verb-M7TVQxEq",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"occur",
"occur"
],
[
"come",
"come"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be; to exist or have existence:",
"(intransitive) To occur; to come to be."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To be; to exist or have existence:",
"To be with a certain quality or in a certain situation."
],
"id": "en-been-enm-verb-~605SivU",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"situation",
"situation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be; to exist or have existence:",
"(with adjective or adverb) To be with a certain quality or in a certain situation."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with adjective or adverb"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To be; to exist or have existence:",
"To be to or for someone or something."
],
"id": "en-been-enm-verb-M4TkvYOb",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"for",
"for"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
],
[
"something",
"something"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be; to exist or have existence:",
"(transitive) To be to or for someone or something."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To be something or someone.",
"To be someone's; to be in someone's possession."
],
"id": "en-been-enm-verb-T3D8TRXk",
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"something",
"something"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) To be something or someone.",
"(with genitive) To be someone's; to be in someone's possession."
],
"tags": [
"copulative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "As soon as Judas had awakened from his rest, / Thirty pieces of silver had been taken from him.",
"ref": "c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 16-17; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:",
"text": "Sone ſo iudaſ of ſlepe waſ awake. / þritti platen of ſelu[er] from hym weren itake.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be something or someone.",
"Forms the continuous present and perfect."
],
"id": "en-been-enm-verb-jduy5ppa",
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"something",
"something"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) To be something or someone.",
"(auxiliary) Forms the continuous present and perfect."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"copulative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 2 4 15 6 1 2 1 18 0 9 1 16 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 4 13 6 4 3 3 16 1 8 2 15 13",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Brassicales order plants",
"orig": "enm:Brassicales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be something or someone.",
"Forms the perfect tense with some intransitive verbs."
],
"id": "en-been-enm-verb-nP2RxUg4",
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"something",
"something"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) To be something or someone.",
"(auxiliary) Forms the perfect tense with some intransitive verbs."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"copulative"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I know your actions: you aren't cold, but neither are you hot. I'd like it if you were either cold or hot.",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 3:15, page 118v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "I woot þi werkis · foꝛ nei[þer] þou art coold nei[þer] þou art hoot / I wolde þat þou were coold ei[þer] hoot",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:",
"text": "[…]Filip of Repintoun whilis he was a chanoun of Leycetre, Nycol Herforde, dane Geffrey of Pikeringe, monke of Biland and a maistir dyuynyte, and Ioon Purueye, and manye other whiche weren holden rightwise men and prudent[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be something or someone."
],
"id": "en-been-enm-verb-smusupLA",
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"something",
"something"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) To be something or someone."
],
"tags": [
"copulative"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Forms various passive constructions."
],
"id": "en-been-enm-verb-rxH8VVuO",
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) Forms various passive constructions."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bøːn/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/beːn/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "be"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ben"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "beon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "from *h₁ésti",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "seen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sen"
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ben"
},
"expansion": "English: ben",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: ben"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ar",
"3": "بَان",
"4": "",
"5": "ben tree"
},
"expansion": "Arabic بَان (bān, “ben tree”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French and Medieval Latin, from Arabic بَان (bān, “ben tree”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 2 4 15 6 1 2 1 18 0 9 1 16 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ben (moringa tree)"
],
"id": "en-been-enm-noun-78VMRUlN",
"links": [
[
"ben",
"ben"
]
]
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēon"
},
"expansion": "Old English bēon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bijōniz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bijōniz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bee",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "noun plural",
"pos2": "plural suffix"
},
"expansion": "bee + -en (plural suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English bēon, nominative plural form of bēo, from Proto-Germanic *bijōniz, nominative plural form of *bijǭ. Equivalent to bee + -en (plural suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (noun plural)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "bee",
"word": "bee"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of bee (“bee”)"
],
"id": "en-been-enm-noun-pgySH7gu",
"links": [
[
"bee",
"bee#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "been"
},
"expansion": "English: been",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: been"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "been"
},
"expansion": "Scots: been",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: been"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ġebēon"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġebēon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "y-",
"3": "be",
"4": "-en",
"id3": "participial",
"pos3": "participial suffix"
},
"expansion": "y- + be + -en (participial suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ġebēon, past participle of bēon (“to be”); equivalent to y- + be + -en (participial suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Forms linking to themselves",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms prefixed with y-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (participial)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "to be",
"word": "been"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of been (“to be”)"
],
"id": "en-been-enm-verb-enm:participle",
"links": [
[
"been",
"been#Middle_English:_to_be"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:participle"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ybeen"
},
{
"word": "ybe"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "been"
},
"expansion": "English: been",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete as the plural"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete as the plural)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: been (obsolete as the plural)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēoþ"
},
"expansion": "Old English bēoþ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*biunþi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *biunþi",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From (with the -þ replaced with an -n leveled in from the past and subjunctive) Old English bēoþ, present plural of bēon (“to be”), from Proto-Germanic *biunþi, third-person present plural of *beuną (“to be, become”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Forms linking to themselves",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 2 4 15 6 1 2 1 18 0 9 1 16 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 4 13 6 4 3 3 16 1 8 2 15 13",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Brassicales order plants",
"orig": "enm:Brassicales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "to be",
"word": "been"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural present indicative of been (“to be”)"
],
"id": "en-been-enm-verb-vw0fCXkE",
"links": [
[
"been",
"been#Middle_English:_to_be"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "be"
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "be"
},
"expansion": "English: be",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: be"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "be"
},
"expansion": "Scots: be",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: be"
}
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēon"
},
"expansion": "Old English bēon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*biwīn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *biwīn",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English bēon, present subjunctive plural of bēon (“to be”), from Proto-Germanic *biwīn, third-person present subjunctive plural of *beuną (“to be, become”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Forms linking to themselves",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 2 4 15 6 1 2 1 18 0 9 1 16 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 4 13 6 4 3 3 16 1 8 2 15 13",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Brassicales order plants",
"orig": "enm:Brassicales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "to be",
"word": "been"
}
],
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "benen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of benen:",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"benen",
"benen#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "benen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of benen:",
"second-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"benen",
"benen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of benen:",
"(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in case of inversion"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "benen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of benen:",
"imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"benen",
"benen#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/beːn/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-been.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/Nl-been.ogg/Nl-been.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Nl-been.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eːn"
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-nl",
"2": "nds",
"3": "Been"
},
"expansion": "Low German Been",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-nl",
"2": "gml",
"3": "bên"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bên",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-nl",
"2": "osx",
"3": "bēn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon bēn",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Low German Been, from Middle Low German bên, from Old Saxon bēn.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-nl",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch Low Saxon",
"lang_code": "nds-nl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "Been"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch Low Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch Low Saxon lemmas",
"Dutch Low Saxon nouns",
"Dutch Low Saxon terms derived from Low German",
"Dutch Low Saxon terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Dutch Low Saxon terms derived from Old Saxon",
"Dutch Low Saxon terms inherited from Low German",
"Dutch Low Saxon terms inherited from Middle Low German",
"Dutch Low Saxon terms inherited from Old Saxon",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"leg"
],
"links": [
[
"leg",
"leg"
]
]
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"categories": [
"English auxiliary verb forms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English irregular past participles",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English noun forms",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -en (past participle)",
"English terms suffixed with -en (plural noun)",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verb forms",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːn",
"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɛn",
"Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɪn",
"Rhymes:English/ɪn/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "been",
"pos": "past participle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English been (past participle)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēon",
"4": "(ġe)bēon"
},
"expansion": "Old English (ġe)bēon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "be",
"3": "en<id:past participle>"
},
"expansion": "be + -en",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English been (past participle), from Old English (ġe)bēon; equivalent to be + -en.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "All the fries have been eaten.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "They been here since yesterday. (dialectal, e.g. AAVE, omitting have)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "be"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of be."
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"African-American Vernacular English",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Southern US English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He been had that job.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "We been knew they was doing this.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2013, DayQuan Miller, Back Blocks, StealthMode Entertainment, page 147",
"text": "She was disloyal, Casper was disloyal, so them muthafuckas gotta go. Like you said[,] we been knew we was going to have to kill Frost, so let's do it and Light too.” Star said. “Say no more. I'ma handle Kisha myself.” Max said walking to the door."
}
],
"glosses": [
"remote past form of be."
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "Southern US or African-American Vernacular",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Southern US or African-American Vernacular) remote past form of be."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-been.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-us-been.ogg/En-us-been.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-us-been.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "bin"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪn"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɛn/",
"note": "General American, particularly common in the Great Lakes, Midwest"
},
{
"homophone": "Ben"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛn"
},
{
"ipa": "/biːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation",
"US",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-been.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-uk-been.ogg/En-uk-been.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-uk-been.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "bean"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"been"
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"categories": [
"English auxiliary verb forms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English irregular past participles",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English noun forms",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -en (plural noun)",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "been",
"4": "",
"5": "to be",
"pos": "infinitive"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēon"
},
"expansion": "Old English bēon",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Either from Middle English been (“to be”, infinitive) (from Old English bēon), or from a dialectal use of the preceding past tense form as an infinitive form (compare dialectal use of (I)'s, (I) is in the first person, (he) am in the third person, etc).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"African-American Vernacular English",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Southern US English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It useta been five foot long.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1875, Minstrel Gags and End Men's Hand-book, New York: Dick and Fitzgerald, page 83; republished New York: Literature House, 1969:",
"text": "\"Bones\", says he, \"I tink dey's a-goin' to been a war ober de Alabamy question[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888, Mary Augusta Ward, “Book I”, in Robert Elsmere, London: Macmillan and Company, page 20:",
"text": "Yur a boald 'un to tell the missus theer to hur feeace as how ya wur 'tossicatit whan ya owt to been duing yur larful business.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1966, DARE Tape SC10, quotee, “be v”, in edited by Frederic G. Cassidy and Joan Houston Hall, Dictionary of American Regional English, volume 1, Harvard University Press, published 1985, page 178:",
"text": "[…]But one time it use' to been so cold right first of the winter.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of be (infinitival sense)."
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "Southern US or African-American Vernacular",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Southern US or African-American Vernacular, rare) Synonym of be (infinitival sense)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "infinitival sense",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "be"
}
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"been"
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"categories": [
"English auxiliary verb forms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English irregular past participles",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English noun forms",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -en (plural noun)",
"English terms suffixed with -en (plural present)",
"English verb forms",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "been",
"pos": "plural indicative form"
},
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "be",
"3": "en",
"id2": "plural present"
},
"expansion": "be + -en",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English been (plural indicative form); equivalent to be + -en.",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1584, George Peele, The Arraignment of Paris, I, ii:",
"text": "My love is fair, my love is gay,\nAs fresh as been the flowers in May;",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1606, N[athaniel] B[axter], Sir Philip Sydneys Ouránia, That Is, Endimions Song and Tragedie, Containing All Philosophie, London: […] Ed. Allde, for Edward White, […], →OCLC, signature G, recto:",
"text": "Theſe Beaſtes been of higheſt Regard and Price / To pleaſure Princes and to murder vice.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1607–1608, William Shakeſpeare, The Late, And much admired Play, Called Pericles, Prince of Tyre. […], London: Imprinted at London for Henry Goſſon, […], published 1609, →OCLC, [Act II, Prologue]:",
"text": "Where when men been, there's ſeldome eaſe,",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1641, Ben Jonson, The Sad Shepherd, I, iii:",
"text": "O Friar, those are faults that are not seen,\nOurs open, and of worse example been.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1686, Edward Fairfax, transl., Godfrey of Bulloigne: Or, The Recovery of Jerusalem, section 20, page 8:",
"text": "Some of green Boughs their slender Cabbins frame, / Some lodged were Tortoſa's streets about, / Of all the Hoſt the Chief of Worth and Name / Aſſembled been, a Senate grave and ſtout;",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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{
"word": "be"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural simple present of be."
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) plural simple present of be."
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"obsolete",
"plural",
"present"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"been"
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"categories": [
"English auxiliary verb forms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English irregular past participles",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English noun forms",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -en (plural noun)",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "been"
},
"expansion": "Middle English been",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēon",
"t": "bees"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "bee",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "plural noun",
"pos2": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "bee + -en (plural ending)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English been, bene, ben, beon, from Old English bēon (“bees”), equivalent to bee + -en (plural ending).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English plurals in -en"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "bee"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of bee"
],
"links": [
[
"bee",
"bee#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK dialectal) plural of bee"
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/biːn/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
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],
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}
{
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{
"args": {
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"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish non-lemma forms",
"Finnish noun forms",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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}
],
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"genitive/accusative singular of bee"
],
"links": [
[
"bee",
"bee#Finnish"
]
],
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"form-of",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
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}
{
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"Middle Dutch lemmas",
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"Middle Dutch nouns",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
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"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: been\nAfrikaans: been\nBerbice Creole Dutch: been\nJersey Dutch: beîn\nNegerhollands: been\n→ Lokono: bèna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
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"2": "bein"
},
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"name": "desc"
}
],
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}
],
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{
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},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bain"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bainą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bainą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch bēn, from Proto-West Germanic *bain, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bêen",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{stem}}}-",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
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"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
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"name": "head"
},
{
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"head": "bêen"
},
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}
],
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"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"leg"
],
"links": [
[
"leg",
"leg"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"foot"
],
"links": [
[
"foot",
"foot"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bone"
],
"links": [
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Limburgish"
],
"word": "bein"
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English suppletive verbs",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Brassicales order plants"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "be"
},
"expansion": "English: be",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: be; been (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "be"
},
"expansion": "Scots: be",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: be"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ba",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Yola: ba, bee, be, b'",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: ba, bee, be, b'"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēon"
},
"expansion": "Old English bēon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*beun"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *beun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*beuną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *beuną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰewHeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰewHeti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰuH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a conflation of Old English bēon and wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *beun and *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *beuną and *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewHeti (see Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-) and a conflation of *h₂wéseti and *h₁ésti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "is",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "been",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-irr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "been",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to been",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "am",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "art",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "were",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bith",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "were",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "are",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "been",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "weren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "were",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "been",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "weren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "were",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "beth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "beynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "beende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "been",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybeen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "beynge",
"3": "was",
"4": "been"
},
"expansion": "been (third-person singular simple present is, present participle beynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative was, past participle been)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"type": "been"
},
"name": "enm-conj-irr"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To be; to exist or have existence:",
"To occur; to come to be."
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"occur",
"occur"
],
[
"come",
"come"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be; to exist or have existence:",
"(intransitive) To occur; to come to be."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To be; to exist or have existence:",
"To be with a certain quality or in a certain situation."
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"situation",
"situation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be; to exist or have existence:",
"(with adjective or adverb) To be with a certain quality or in a certain situation."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with adjective or adverb"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs",
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To be; to exist or have existence:",
"To be to or for someone or something."
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"for",
"for"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
],
[
"something",
"something"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be; to exist or have existence:",
"(transitive) To be to or for someone or something."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English copulative verbs",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"To be something or someone.",
"To be someone's; to be in someone's possession."
],
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"something",
"something"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) To be something or someone.",
"(with genitive) To be someone's; to be in someone's possession."
],
"tags": [
"copulative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs",
"Middle English copulative verbs",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "As soon as Judas had awakened from his rest, / Thirty pieces of silver had been taken from him.",
"ref": "c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 16-17; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:",
"text": "Sone ſo iudaſ of ſlepe waſ awake. / þritti platen of ſelu[er] from hym weren itake.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be something or someone.",
"Forms the continuous present and perfect."
],
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"something",
"something"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) To be something or someone.",
"(auxiliary) Forms the continuous present and perfect."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"copulative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs",
"Middle English copulative verbs",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"To be something or someone.",
"Forms the perfect tense with some intransitive verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"something",
"something"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) To be something or someone.",
"(auxiliary) Forms the perfect tense with some intransitive verbs."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"copulative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English copulative verbs",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I know your actions: you aren't cold, but neither are you hot. I'd like it if you were either cold or hot.",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 3:15, page 118v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "I woot þi werkis · foꝛ nei[þer] þou art coold nei[þer] þou art hoot / I wolde þat þou were coold ei[þer] hoot",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:",
"text": "[…]Filip of Repintoun whilis he was a chanoun of Leycetre, Nycol Herforde, dane Geffrey of Pikeringe, monke of Biland and a maistir dyuynyte, and Ioon Purueye, and manye other whiche weren holden rightwise men and prudent[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be something or someone."
],
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"something",
"something"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) To be something or someone."
],
"tags": [
"copulative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms various passive constructions."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) Forms various passive constructions."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bøːn/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/beːn/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "be"
},
{
"word": "bean"
},
{
"word": "ben"
},
{
"word": "beon"
},
{
"word": "boen"
},
{
"alt": "from *h₁ésti",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "seen"
},
{
"word": "sen"
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Arabic",
"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Brassicales order plants"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ben"
},
"expansion": "English: ben",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: ben"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ar",
"3": "بَان",
"4": "",
"5": "ben tree"
},
"expansion": "Arabic بَان (bān, “ben tree”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French and Medieval Latin, from Arabic بَان (bān, “ben tree”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ben (moringa tree)"
],
"links": [
[
"ben",
"ben"
]
]
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English noun forms",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (noun plural)",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Brassicales order plants"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēon"
},
"expansion": "Old English bēon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bijōniz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bijōniz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bee",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "noun plural",
"pos2": "plural suffix"
},
"expansion": "bee + -en (plural suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English bēon, nominative plural form of bēo, from Proto-Germanic *bijōniz, nominative plural form of *bijǭ. Equivalent to bee + -en (plural suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "bee",
"word": "bee"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of bee (“bee”)"
],
"links": [
[
"bee",
"bee#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms prefixed with y-",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (participial)",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Brassicales order plants"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "been"
},
"expansion": "English: been",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: been"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "been"
},
"expansion": "Scots: been",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: been"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ġebēon"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġebēon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "y-",
"3": "be",
"4": "-en",
"id3": "participial",
"pos3": "participial suffix"
},
"expansion": "y- + be + -en (participial suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ġebēon, past participle of bēon (“to be”); equivalent to y- + be + -en (participial suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Forms linking to themselves",
"Middle English past participles"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "to be",
"word": "been"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of been (“to be”)"
],
"links": [
[
"been",
"been#Middle_English:_to_be"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:participle"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ybeen"
},
{
"word": "ybe"
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Brassicales order plants"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "been"
},
"expansion": "English: been",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete as the plural"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete as the plural)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: been (obsolete as the plural)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēoþ"
},
"expansion": "Old English bēoþ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*biunþi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *biunþi",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From (with the -þ replaced with an -n leveled in from the past and subjunctive) Old English bēoþ, present plural of bēon (“to be”), from Proto-Germanic *biunþi, third-person present plural of *beuną (“to be, become”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Forms linking to themselves",
"Middle English plural forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "to be",
"word": "been"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural present indicative of been (“to be”)"
],
"links": [
[
"been",
"been#Middle_English:_to_be"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "be"
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Brassicales order plants"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "be"
},
"expansion": "English: be",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: be"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "be"
},
"expansion": "Scots: be",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: be"
}
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēon"
},
"expansion": "Old English bēon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*biwīn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *biwīn",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English bēon, present subjunctive plural of bēon (“to be”), from Proto-Germanic *biwīn, third-person present subjunctive plural of *beuną (“to be, become”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Forms linking to themselves",
"Middle English plural subjunctive forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "to be",
"word": "been"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural present subjunctive of been (“to be”)"
],
"links": [
[
"been",
"been#Middle_English:_to_be"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Brassicales order plants"
],
"etymology_number": 7,
"forms": [
{
"form": "beenes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "beenen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "beenes",
"pl2": "beenen"
},
"expansion": "been (plural beenes or beenen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "bean",
"word": "bene"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of bene (“bean”)"
],
"links": [
[
"bene",
"bene#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ybeen",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English ybeen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ġebēon"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġebēon",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ybeen, from Old English ġebēon, past participle of bēon (“to be”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "past participles"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots non-lemma forms",
"Scots past participles",
"Scots terms derived from Middle English",
"Scots terms derived from Old English",
"Scots terms inherited from Middle English",
"Scots terms inherited from Old English"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "be"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of be"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be#Scots"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"word": "been"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "bumble-bee"
},
{
"word": "tyel-been"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bee",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēo"
},
"expansion": "Old English bēo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bijō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bijō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bee, from Old English bēo, from Proto-Germanic *bijō.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "been",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Yola entries with incorrect language header",
"Yola non-lemma forms",
"Yola noun forms",
"Yola terms derived from Middle English",
"Yola terms derived from Old English",
"Yola terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Yola terms inherited from Middle English",
"Yola terms inherited from Old English",
"Yola terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Yola terms with homophones",
"Yola terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A hive of bees, and twenty shillings.",
"ref": "1867, “THE BRIDE'S PORTION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 102:",
"text": "A heeve o' been, an dwanty shilleen.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Likewise my bees die in their hive.",
"ref": "1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 104:",
"text": "Lickweese mee been deeth in aar heeve.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bees"
],
"links": [
[
"bees",
"bee"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/biːn/"
},
{
"homophone": "bane"
},
{
"homophone": "bin"
}
],
"word": "been"
}
Download raw JSONL data for been meaning in All languages combined (48.5kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''To be something or someone.'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"been"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "been",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "been/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English auxiliary verb forms\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English irregular past participles\", \"English non-lemma forms\", \"English noun forms\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms suffixed with -en (past participle)\", \"English terms suffixed with -en (plural noun)\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English verb forms\", \"Pages with 10 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/iːn\", \"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable\", \"Rhymes:English/ɛn\", \"Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable\", \"Rhymes:English/ɪn\", \"Rhymes:English/ɪn/1 syllable\"], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"been\", \"pos\": \"past participle\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English been (past participle)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"bēon\", \"4\": \"(ġe)bēon\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English (ġe)bēon\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"be\", \"3\": \"en<id:past participle>\"}, \"expansion\": \"be + -en\", \"name\": \"suffix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English been (past participle), from Old English (ġe)bēon; equivalent to be + -en.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"verb form\"}, \"expansion\": \"been\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"All the fries have been eaten.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"They been here since yesterday. (dialectal, e.g. AAVE, omitting have)\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"form_of\": [{\"word\": \"be\"}], \"glosses\": [\"past participle of be.\"], \"links\": [[\"be\", \"be#English\"]], \"tags\": [\"form-of\", \"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"African-American Vernacular English\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Southern US English\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He been had that job.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"We been knew they was doing this.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013, DayQuan Miller, Back Blocks, StealthMode Entertainment, page 147\", \"text\": \"She was disloyal, Casper was disloyal, so them muthafuckas gotta go. Like you said[,] we been knew we was going to have to kill Frost, so let's do it and Light too.” Star said. “Say no more. I'ma handle Kisha myself.” Max said walking to the door.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"remote past form of be.\"], \"links\": [[\"be\", \"be#English\"]], \"qualifier\": \"Southern US or African-American Vernacular\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Southern US or African-American Vernacular) remote past form of be.\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/bɪn/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\", \"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-been.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-us-been.ogg/En-us-been.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-us-been.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"bin\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɪn\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɛn/\", \"note\": \"General American, particularly common in the Great Lakes, Midwest\"}, {\"homophone\": \"Ben\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɛn\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/biːn/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\", \"US\", \"dialectal\"]}, {\"audio\": \"En-uk-been.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-uk-been.ogg/En-uk-been.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-uk-been.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"bean\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-iːn\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"been\"], \"word\": \"been\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "been",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "been/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English auxiliary verb forms\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English irregular past participles\", \"English non-lemma forms\", \"English noun forms\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms suffixed with -en (past participle)\", \"English terms suffixed with -en (plural noun)\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English verb forms\", \"Pages with 10 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/iːn\", \"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable\", \"Rhymes:English/ɛn\", \"Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable\", \"Rhymes:English/ɪn\", \"Rhymes:English/ɪn/1 syllable\"], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"been\", \"pos\": \"past participle\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English been (past participle)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"bēon\", \"4\": \"(ġe)bēon\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English (ġe)bēon\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"be\", \"3\": \"en<id:past participle>\"}, \"expansion\": \"be + -en\", \"name\": \"suffix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English been (past participle), from Old English (ġe)bēon; equivalent to be + -en.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"verb form\"}, \"expansion\": \"been\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"All the fries have been eaten.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"They been here since yesterday. (dialectal, e.g. AAVE, omitting have)\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"form_of\": [{\"word\": \"be\"}], \"glosses\": [\"past participle of be.\"], \"links\": [[\"be\", \"be#English\"]], \"tags\": [\"form-of\", \"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"African-American Vernacular English\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Southern US English\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He been had that job.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"We been knew they was doing this.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013, DayQuan Miller, Back Blocks, StealthMode Entertainment, page 147\", \"text\": \"She was disloyal, Casper was disloyal, so them muthafuckas gotta go. Like you said[,] we been knew we was going to have to kill Frost, so let's do it and Light too.” Star said. “Say no more. I'ma handle Kisha myself.” Max said walking to the door.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"remote past form of be.\"], \"links\": [[\"be\", \"be#English\"]], \"qualifier\": \"Southern US or African-American Vernacular\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Southern US or African-American Vernacular) remote past form of be.\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/bɪn/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\", \"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-been.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-us-been.ogg/En-us-been.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-us-been.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"bin\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɪn\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɛn/\", \"note\": \"General American, particularly common in the Great Lakes, Midwest\"}, {\"homophone\": \"Ben\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɛn\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/biːn/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\", \"US\", \"dialectal\"]}, {\"audio\": \"En-uk-been.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-uk-been.ogg/En-uk-been.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-uk-been.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"bean\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-iːn\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"been\"], \"word\": \"been\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "been",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "been/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English auxiliary verb forms\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English irregular past participles\", \"English non-lemma forms\", \"English noun forms\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms suffixed with -en (past participle)\", \"English terms suffixed with -en (plural noun)\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English verb forms\", \"Pages with 10 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/iːn\", \"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable\", \"Rhymes:English/ɛn\", \"Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable\", \"Rhymes:English/ɪn\", \"Rhymes:English/ɪn/1 syllable\"], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"been\", \"pos\": \"past participle\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English been (past participle)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"bēon\", \"4\": \"(ġe)bēon\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English (ġe)bēon\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"be\", \"3\": \"en<id:past participle>\"}, \"expansion\": \"be + -en\", \"name\": \"suffix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English been (past participle), from Old English (ġe)bēon; equivalent to be + -en.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"verb form\"}, \"expansion\": \"been\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"All the fries have been eaten.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"They been here since yesterday. (dialectal, e.g. AAVE, omitting have)\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"form_of\": [{\"word\": \"be\"}], \"glosses\": [\"past participle of be.\"], \"links\": [[\"be\", \"be#English\"]], \"tags\": [\"form-of\", \"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"African-American Vernacular English\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Southern US English\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He been had that job.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"We been knew they was doing this.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013, DayQuan Miller, Back Blocks, StealthMode Entertainment, page 147\", \"text\": \"She was disloyal, Casper was disloyal, so them muthafuckas gotta go. Like you said[,] we been knew we was going to have to kill Frost, so let's do it and Light too.” Star said. “Say no more. I'ma handle Kisha myself.” Max said walking to the door.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"remote past form of be.\"], \"links\": [[\"be\", \"be#English\"]], \"qualifier\": \"Southern US or African-American Vernacular\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Southern US or African-American Vernacular) remote past form of be.\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/bɪn/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\", \"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-been.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-us-been.ogg/En-us-been.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-us-been.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"bin\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɪn\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɛn/\", \"note\": \"General American, particularly common in the Great Lakes, Midwest\"}, {\"homophone\": \"Ben\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɛn\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/biːn/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\", \"US\", \"dialectal\"]}, {\"audio\": \"En-uk-been.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-uk-been.ogg/En-uk-been.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-uk-been.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"bean\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-iːn\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"been\"], \"word\": \"been\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "been",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "been/Middle English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Early-Middle-English not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Middle English entries with incorrect language header\", \"Middle English lemmas\", \"Middle English nouns\", \"Middle English suppletive verbs\", \"Middle English terms derived from Old English\", \"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"Middle English terms inherited from Old English\", \"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic\", \"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European\", \"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic\", \"Middle English verbs\", \"Pages with 10 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"enm:Brassicales order plants\"], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"be\"}, \"expansion\": \"English: be\", \"name\": \"desc\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dialectal\"}, \"expansion\": \"(dialectal)\", \"name\": \"q\"}], \"text\": \"English: be; been (dialectal)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sco\", \"2\": \"be\"}, \"expansion\": \"Scots: be\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Scots: be\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"yol\", \"2\": \"ba\", \"alts\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"Yola: ba, bee, be, b'\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Yola: ba, bee, be, b'\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"bēon\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English bēon\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"gmw-pro\", \"3\": \"*beun\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-West Germanic *beun\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*beuną\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *beuną\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*bʰewHeti\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *bʰewHeti\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*bʰuH-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\", \"name\": \"inh\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From a conflation of Old English bēon and wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *beun and *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *beuną and *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewHeti (see Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-) and a conflation of *h₂wéseti and *h₁ésti.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"is\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"beynge\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"was\", \"tags\": [\"first-person\", \"indicative\", \"past\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"been\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"irregular\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"table-tags\"]}, {\"form\": \"enm-conj-irr\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"inflection-template\"]}, {\"form\": \"been\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"infinitive\"]}, {\"form\": \"to been\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"infinitive\"]}, {\"form\": \"be\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"infinitive\"]}, {\"form\": \"am\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"first-person\", \"present\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"be\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"first-person\", \"present\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"was\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"first-person\", \"past\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"art\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"second-person\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"bist\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"second-person\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"were\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"past\", \"second-person\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"is\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bith\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"was\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"past\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"be\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"subjunctive\"]}, {\"form\": \"were\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"past\", \"singular\", \"subjunctive\"]}, {\"form\": \"be\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"imperative\", \"present\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"-\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"imperative\", \"past\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"aren\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"plural\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"are\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"plural\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"been\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"plural\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"be\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"plural\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"weren\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"past\", \"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"were\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"past\", \"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"been\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"plural\", \"present\", \"subjunctive\"]}, {\"form\": \"be\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"plural\", \"present\", \"subjunctive\"]}, {\"form\": \"weren\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"past\", \"plural\", \"subjunctive\"]}, {\"form\": \"were\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"past\", \"plural\", \"subjunctive\"]}, {\"form\": \"beth\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"imperative\", \"plural\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"be\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"imperative\", \"plural\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"-\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"imperative\", \"past\", \"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"beynge\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"beende\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"been\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"be\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"ybeen\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"ybe\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"verb\", \"head\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"been\", \"name\": \"head\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"beynge\", \"3\": \"was\", \"4\": \"been\"}, \"expansion\": \"been (third-person singular simple present is, present participle beynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative was, past participle been)\", \"name\": \"enm-verb\"}], \"inflection_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"type\": \"been\"}, \"name\": \"enm-conj-irr\"}], \"lang\": \"Middle English\", \"lang_code\": \"enm\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Middle English intransitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To be; to exist or have existence:\", \"To occur; to come to be.\"], \"links\": [[\"be\", \"be\"], [\"exist\", \"exist\"], [\"existence\", \"existence\"], [\"occur\", \"occur\"], [\"come\", \"come\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To be; to exist or have existence:\", \"(intransitive) To occur; to come to be.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Middle English intransitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To be; to exist or have existence:\", \"To be with a certain quality or in a certain situation.\"], \"links\": [[\"be\", \"be\"], [\"exist\", \"exist\"], [\"existence\", \"existence\"], [\"quality\", \"quality\"], [\"situation\", \"situation\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To be; to exist or have existence:\", \"(with adjective or adverb) To be with a certain quality or in a certain situation.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"with adjective or adverb\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Middle English intransitive verbs\", \"Middle English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To be; to exist or have existence:\", \"To be to or for someone or something.\"], \"links\": [[\"be\", \"be\"], [\"exist\", \"exist\"], [\"existence\", \"existence\"], [\"to\", \"to\"], [\"for\", \"for\"], [\"someone\", \"someone\"], [\"something\", \"something\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To be; to exist or have existence:\", \"(transitive) To be to or for someone or something.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Middle English copulative verbs\", \"Middle English terms with quotations\", \"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations\"], \"glosses\": [\"To be something or someone.\", \"To be someone's; to be in someone's possession.\"], \"links\": [[\"copulative\", \"copular verb\"], [\"be\", \"be\"], [\"something\", \"something\"], [\"someone\", \"someone\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(copulative) To be something or someone.\", \"(with genitive) To be someone's; to be in someone's possession.\"], \"tags\": [\"copulative\", \"with-genitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Middle English auxiliary verbs\", \"Middle English copulative verbs\", \"Middle English terms with quotations\", \"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"As soon as Judas had awakened from his rest, / Thirty pieces of silver had been taken from him.\", \"ref\": \"c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 16-17; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:\", \"text\": \"Sone ſo iudaſ of ſlepe waſ awake. / þritti platen of ſelu[er] from hym weren itake.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To be something or someone.\", \"Forms the continuous present and perfect.\"], \"links\": [[\"copulative\", \"copular verb\"], [\"be\", \"be\"], [\"something\", \"something\"], [\"someone\", \"someone\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(copulative) To be something or someone.\", \"(auxiliary) Forms the continuous present and perfect.\"], \"tags\": [\"auxiliary\", \"copulative\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Middle English auxiliary verbs\", \"Middle English copulative verbs\", \"Middle English terms with quotations\", \"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations\"], \"glosses\": [\"To be something or someone.\", \"Forms the perfect tense with some intransitive verbs.\"], \"links\": [[\"copulative\", \"copular verb\"], [\"be\", \"be\"], [\"something\", \"something\"], [\"someone\", \"someone\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(copulative) To be something or someone.\", \"(auxiliary) Forms the perfect tense with some intransitive verbs.\"], \"tags\": [\"auxiliary\", \"copulative\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Middle English copulative verbs\", \"Middle English terms with quotations\", \"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"I know your actions: you aren't cold, but neither are you hot. I'd like it if you were either cold or hot.\", \"ref\": \"c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 3:15, page 118v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:\", \"text\": \"I woot þi werkis · foꝛ nei[þer] þou art coold nei[þer] þou art hoot / I wolde þat þou were coold ei[þer] hoot\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:\", \"text\": \"[…]Filip of Repintoun whilis he was a chanoun of Leycetre, Nycol Herforde, dane Geffrey of Pikeringe, monke of Biland and a maistir dyuynyte, and Ioon Purueye, and manye other whiche weren holden rightwise men and prudent[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To be something or someone.\"], \"links\": [[\"copulative\", \"copular verb\"], [\"be\", \"be\"], [\"something\", \"something\"], [\"someone\", \"someone\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(copulative) To be something or someone.\"], \"tags\": [\"copulative\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Middle English auxiliary verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"Forms various passive constructions.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(auxiliary) Forms various passive constructions.\"], \"tags\": [\"auxiliary\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/bøːn/\", \"tags\": [\"Early-Middle-English\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/beːn/\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"be\"}, {\"word\": \"bean\"}, {\"word\": \"ben\"}, {\"word\": \"beon\"}, {\"word\": \"boen\"}, {\"alt\": \"from *h₁ésti\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"seen\"}, {\"word\": \"sen\"}], \"word\": \"been\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "been",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.