"been" meaning in English

See been in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /biːn/
Etymology: From Middle English been, bene, ben, beon, from Old English bēon (“bees”), equivalent to bee + -en (plural ending). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|been}} Middle English been, {{m|enm|bene}} bene, {{m|enm|ben}} ben, {{m|enm|beon}} beon, {{inh|en|ang|bēon|t=bees}} Old English bēon (“bees”), {{suf|en|bee|-en|id2=plural|pos2=plural ending}} bee + -en (plural ending) Head templates: {{head|en|noun form}} been
  1. (UK dialectal) plural of bee Tags: UK, dialectal, form-of, plural Form of: bee
    Sense id: en-been-en-noun-kXtv1WS3 Categories (other): British English, English plurals in -en, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English terms suffixed with -en (plural) Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 10 29 16 15 29 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -en (plural): 29 19 10 11 31
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4

Verb

IPA: /bɪn/ [General-American, Received-Pronunciation], /bɛn/ (note: General American, particularly common in the Great Lakes, Midwest), /biːn/ [Received-Pronunciation, US, dialectal] Audio: en-us-been.ogg [US], En-uk-been.ogg [UK]
Rhymes: -ɪn, -ɛn, -iːn Etymology: From Middle English been (past participle), from Old English (ġe)bēon. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|been|pos=past participle}} Middle English been (past participle), {{inh|en|ang|bēon|(ġe)bēon}} Old English (ġe)bēon Head templates: {{head|en|verb form}} been
  1. past participle of be. Tags: form-of, participle, past Form of: be
    Sense id: en-been-en-verb-9giek-WH Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English terms suffixed with -en (plural) Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 8 36 12 12 32 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 10 29 16 15 29 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -en (plural): 29 19 10 11 31
  2. (Southern US or African-American Vernacular) remote past form of be.
    Sense id: en-been-en-verb-3Kkq51hM Categories (other): African-American Vernacular English, Southern US English, English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 8 36 12 12 32 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 10 29 16 15 29
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb

Etymology: Either from Middle English been (“to be”, infinitive) (from Old English bēon), or from a dialectal use of the preceding past tense form as an infinitive form (compare dialectal use of (I)'s, (I) is in the first person, (he) am in the third person, etc). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|been||to be|pos=infinitive}} Middle English been (“to be”, infinitive), {{inh|en|ang|bēon}} Old English bēon, {{m|en|I's|(I)'s}} (I)'s, {{m|en|is|(I) is}} (I) is, {{m|en|am|(he) am}} (he) am Head templates: {{head|en|verb}} been
  1. (Southern US or African-American Vernacular, rare) Synonym of be (infinitival sense). Tags: rare Synonyms: be [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-been-en-verb-uSpzPIOc Categories (other): African-American Vernacular English, Southern US English, English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English terms suffixed with -en (plural) Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 8 36 12 12 32 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 10 29 16 15 29 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -en (plural): 29 19 10 11 31
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb

Etymology: From Middle English been (plural indicative form). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|been|pos=plural indicative form}} Middle English been (plural indicative form) Head templates: {{head|en|verb form}} been
  1. (obsolete) plural simple present of be. Tags: form-of, obsolete, plural, present Form of: be
    Sense id: en-been-en-verb-FKkGKeF- Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English terms suffixed with -en (plural) Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 8 36 12 12 32 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 10 29 16 15 29 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -en (plural): 29 19 10 11 31
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for been meaning in English (10.5kB)

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          "text": "All the fries have been eaten.",
          "type": "example"
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          "type": "example"
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          "type": "example"
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          "type": "example"
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        {
          "ref": "2013, DayQuan Miller, Back Blocks, StealthMode Entertainment, page 147",
          "text": "She was disloyal, Casper was disloyal, so them muthafuckas gotta go. Like you said[,] we been knew we was going to have to kill Frost, so let's do it and Light too.” Star said. “Say no more. I'ma handle Kisha myself.” Max said walking to the door."
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        "remote past form of be."
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        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
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    {
      "homophone": "bin"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɛn/",
      "note": "General American, particularly common in the Great Lakes, Midwest"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Ben"
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    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛn"
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      "ipa": "/biːn/",
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      "homophone": "bean"
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  "senses": [
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          "text": "It useta been five foot long.",
          "type": "example"
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        {
          "ref": "1875, Minstrel Gags and End Men's Hand-book, New York: Dick and Fitzgerald, page 83; republished New York: Literature House, 1969",
          "text": "\"Bones\", says he, \"I tink dey's a-goin' to been a war ober de Alabamy question[…]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1888, Mary Augusta Ward, “Book I”, in Robert Elsmere, London: Macmillan and Company, page 20",
          "text": "Yur a boald 'un to tell the missus theer to hur feeace as how ya wur 'tossicatit whan ya owt to been duing yur larful business.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1966, DARE Tape SC10, quotee, “be v”, in Frederic G. Cassidy, Joan Houston Hall, editors, Dictionary of American Regional English, volume 1, Harvard University Press, published 1985, page 178",
          "text": "[…]But one time it use' to been so cold right first of the winter.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
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          "text": "My love is fair, my love is gay,\nAs fresh as been the flowers in May;",
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        {
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          "text": "O Friar, those are faults that are not seen,\nOurs open, and of worse example been.",
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        {
          "ref": "1686, Edward Fairfax, transl., Godfrey of Bulloigne: Or, The Recovery of Jerusalem, section 20, page 8",
          "text": "Some of green Boughs their slender Cabbins frame, / Some lodged were Tortoſa's streets about, / Of all the Hoſt the Chief of Worth and Name / Aſſembled been, a Senate grave and ſtout;",
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        "(obsolete) plural simple present of be."
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        {
          "ref": "2013, DayQuan Miller, Back Blocks, StealthMode Entertainment, page 147",
          "text": "She was disloyal, Casper was disloyal, so them muthafuckas gotta go. Like you said[,] we been knew we was going to have to kill Frost, so let's do it and Light too.” Star said. “Say no more. I'ma handle Kisha myself.” Max said walking to the door."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "remote past form of be."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Southern US or African-American Vernacular",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Southern US or African-American Vernacular) remote past form of be."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bɪn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "bin"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɛn/",
      "note": "General American, particularly common in the Great Lakes, Midwest"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Ben"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/biːn/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation",
        "US",
        "dialectal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "bean"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːn"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-been.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-us-been.ogg/En-us-been.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-us-been.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-uk-been.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-uk-been.ogg/En-uk-been.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-uk-been.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (UK)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "been"
  ],
  "word": "been"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English auxiliary verb forms",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English irregular past participles",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English noun forms",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms suffixed with -en (plural)",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "been",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to be",
        "pos": "infinitive"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English been (“to be”, infinitive)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bēon"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bēon",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "I's",
        "3": "(I)'s"
      },
      "expansion": "(I)'s",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "is",
        "3": "(I) is"
      },
      "expansion": "(I) is",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "am",
        "3": "(he) am"
      },
      "expansion": "(he) am",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Either from Middle English been (“to be”, infinitive) (from Old English bēon), or from a dialectal use of the preceding past tense form as an infinitive form (compare dialectal use of (I)'s, (I) is in the first person, (he) am in the third person, etc).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "been",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "African-American Vernacular English",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with rare senses",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "Southern US English"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "It useta been five foot long.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1875, Minstrel Gags and End Men's Hand-book, New York: Dick and Fitzgerald, page 83; republished New York: Literature House, 1969",
          "text": "\"Bones\", says he, \"I tink dey's a-goin' to been a war ober de Alabamy question[…]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1888, Mary Augusta Ward, “Book I”, in Robert Elsmere, London: Macmillan and Company, page 20",
          "text": "Yur a boald 'un to tell the missus theer to hur feeace as how ya wur 'tossicatit whan ya owt to been duing yur larful business.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1966, DARE Tape SC10, quotee, “be v”, in Frederic G. Cassidy, Joan Houston Hall, editors, Dictionary of American Regional English, volume 1, Harvard University Press, published 1985, page 178",
          "text": "[…]But one time it use' to been so cold right first of the winter.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of be (infinitival sense)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Southern US or African-American Vernacular",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Southern US or African-American Vernacular, rare) Synonym of be (infinitival sense)."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "infinitival sense",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "be"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "been"
  ],
  "word": "been"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English auxiliary verb forms",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English irregular past participles",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English noun forms",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms suffixed with -en (plural)",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English verb forms"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "been",
        "pos": "plural indicative form"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English been (plural indicative form)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English been (plural indicative form).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "been",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1584, George Peele, The Arraignment of Paris, I, ii",
          "text": "My love is fair, my love is gay,\nAs fresh as been the flowers in May;",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1641, Ben Jonson, The Sad Shepherd, I, iii",
          "text": "O Friar, those are faults that are not seen,\nOurs open, and of worse example been.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1686, Edward Fairfax, transl., Godfrey of Bulloigne: Or, The Recovery of Jerusalem, section 20, page 8",
          "text": "Some of green Boughs their slender Cabbins frame, / Some lodged were Tortoſa's streets about, / Of all the Hoſt the Chief of Worth and Name / Aſſembled been, a Senate grave and ſtout;",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "be"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "plural simple present of be."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) plural simple present of be."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "obsolete",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "been"
  ],
  "word": "been"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English auxiliary verb forms",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English irregular past participles",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English noun forms",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms suffixed with -en (plural)",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "been"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English been",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "bene"
      },
      "expansion": "bene",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ben"
      },
      "expansion": "ben",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "beon"
      },
      "expansion": "beon",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bēon",
        "t": "bees"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bēon (“bees”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "bee",
        "3": "-en",
        "id2": "plural",
        "pos2": "plural ending"
      },
      "expansion": "bee + -en (plural ending)",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English been, bene, ben, beon, from Old English bēon (“bees”), equivalent to bee + -en (plural ending).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "noun form"
      },
      "expansion": "been",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "British English",
        "English dialectal terms",
        "English plurals in -en"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "bee"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "plural of bee"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bee",
          "bee#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(UK dialectal) plural of bee"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "dialectal",
        "form-of",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/biːn/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "been"
  ],
  "word": "been"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.