See reading in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for reading meaning in English (38.1kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "reding"
},
"expansion": "Middle English reding",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "redyng"
},
"expansion": "redyng",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "redand"
},
"expansion": "redand",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rǣdende"
},
"expansion": "Old English rǣdende",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "rǣdan",
"t": "to read"
},
"expansion": "rǣdan (“to read”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "read",
"3": "-ing",
"id2": "participial"
},
"expansion": "read + -ing",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English reding, redyng, redand, from Old English rǣdende, present participle of rǣdan (“to read”), equivalent to read + -ing.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "reading",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 1 6 1 3 6 19 1 12 2 20 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 1 5 2 4 8 16 2 11 3 17 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 8 2 2 6 17 1 12 2 18 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 3 5 2 3 10 14 1 10 3 13 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "read"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present participle and gerund of read"
],
"id": "en-reading-en-verb-GmoNypoz",
"links": [
[
"read",
"read#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹiːdɪŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹiːɾɪŋ]"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹidiŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹiɾiŋ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːdɪŋ"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reading.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/En-us-reading.ogg/En-us-reading.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/En-us-reading.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "rēd'ĭng"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"reading"
],
"word": "reading"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "billet reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "close reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cold reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cross-reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "e-reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "first reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lip reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lip-reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mind-reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mind reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "muscle reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "open reading frame"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "palm reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "poetry reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "popcorn reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "readin'"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading book"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading break"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading comprehension"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading copy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading frame"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading glasses"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading knowledge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading-lamp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading light"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading list"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading material"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading notice"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading room"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading stone"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reading week"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "second reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "speed reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "third reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "variant reading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "various reading"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "reding"
},
"expansion": "Middle English reding",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "redynge"
},
"expansion": "redynge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "redunge"
},
"expansion": "redunge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rǣding",
"t": "reading"
},
"expansion": "Old English rǣding (“reading”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "read",
"3": "-ing",
"id2": "gerund noun"
},
"expansion": "read + -ing",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English reding, redynge, redunge, from Old English rǣding (“reading”), equivalent to read + -ing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "readings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "reading (countable and uncountable, plural readings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 1 5 2 4 8 16 2 11 3 17 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The student is behind in his reading by several chapters.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process of interpreting written language."
],
"id": "en-reading-en-noun-zHjoUC4z",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "lesing"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "oplesing"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lexim"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qirāʔa",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "قِرَاءَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "muṭālaʕa",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُطَالَعَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "əntʿercʿum",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "ընթերցում"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "əntʿercʿanutʿyun",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "ընթերցանություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "oxu"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "qiraət"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "oxuma"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "mütaliə"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čytánnje",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чыта́нне"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "poṛa",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "পড়া"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čétene",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "че́тене"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "a.hpat",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "အဖတ်"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "cahpathkrang:",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "စာဖတ်ခြင်း"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "讀書"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dúshū",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "读书"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "閱讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yuèdú",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "阅读"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "čtení"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "læsning"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "lezen"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "legado"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "lugemine"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lesing"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lestur"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "lukeminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lecture"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Lesen"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "anágnōsis",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἀνάγνωσις"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "k'ri'á",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "קְרִיאָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "paṛhnā",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "पढ़ना"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "olvasás"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lestur"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "lektado"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "kemampuan membaca"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "léitheoireacht"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lettura"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"alt": "どくしょ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "dokusho",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "読書"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"alt": "よむこと",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yomu koto",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "読むこと"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "oqu",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "оқу"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ʔɑmnaan",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "អំណាន"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"alt": "讀書",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "dokseo",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "독서"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "okuu",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "окуу"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "meldadura"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "kān ʼān",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "ການອ່ານ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lectiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lasījums"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skaitymas"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "čitanje",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "читање"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vāyana",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "വായന"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "unšlaga",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "уншлага"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "óltaʼ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lesing"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lesing"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xândan",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "خواندن"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"note": "often in a religious context",
"roman": "qerâ'at",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "قرائت"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "motâle'e",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "مطالعه"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "czytanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lektura"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "leitura"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lectură"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "citire"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čténije",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чте́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "читање"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "čìtānje"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "čítanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "branje"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cytanje"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lectura"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "läsning"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "xondan",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "хондан"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "xoniš",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "хониш"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "mutolia",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "мутолиа"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "qiroat",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "қироат"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "caduvu",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "చదువు"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaan-àan",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "การอ่าน"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "okuma"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"note": "often in a religious context",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "kıraat"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čytánnja",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чита́ння"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "oʻqish"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "sự đọc"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 2 2 7 4 3 0 2 1 3 3",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "leyenung",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "לייענונג"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The process of interpreting a symbol, a sign or a measuring device."
],
"id": "en-reading-en-noun-en:process_of_interpreting_a_symbol",
"senseid": [
"en:process of interpreting a symbol"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "22 41 2 1 14 7 1 0 2 1 2 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "čtení"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 41 2 1 14 7 1 0 2 1 2 8",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uitlezing"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 41 2 1 14 7 1 0 2 1 2 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"word": "lukeminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 41 2 1 14 7 1 0 2 1 2 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"word": "interpretare"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 41 2 1 14 7 1 0 2 1 2 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "interpretazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 41 2 1 14 7 1 0 2 1 2 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"word": "leitura"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 41 2 1 14 7 1 0 2 1 2 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čténije",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чте́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 41 2 1 14 7 1 0 2 1 2 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "читање"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 41 2 1 14 7 1 0 2 1 2 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "čìtānje"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He glanced across and took note of the speedometer reading.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2019, VOA Learning English (public domain)",
"text": "He noted that fine dust readings have been higher in Seoul than in Beijing recently.\nAudio (US) (file)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A value indicated by a measuring device."
],
"id": "en-reading-en-noun-qS-FRw88",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 32 60 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 2 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pokazanie",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "показание"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 32 60 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 2 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dúshù",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"word": "读数"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 32 60 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 2 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "aflæsning"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 32 60 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 2 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lezing"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 32 60 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 2 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"word": "lukema"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 32 60 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 2 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"word": "óraállás"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 32 60 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 2 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"word": "mérőóraállás"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 32 60 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 2 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"word": "leolvasott érték"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 32 60 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 2 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lettura"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 32 60 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 2 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pokazánije",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"word": "показа́ние"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I attended a poetry reading.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An event at which written material is read aloud."
],
"id": "en-reading-en-noun-zzetw6lf",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "četene",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "четене"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forelæsning"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "voorlezen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"word": "lukutilaisuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"word": "lausunta"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rezitation"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lesung"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gedichtlesung"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "anágnōsis",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἀνάγνωσις"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"word": "felolvasás"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lettura"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "interpretazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vāyana",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"word": "വായന"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lesning"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "-xâni",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"word": "خوانی"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "czytanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čténije",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чте́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čtívo",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чти́во"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "читање"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "čìtānje"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 0 49 3 8 12 5 2 14 2 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"word": "okuma"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That's my reading of the current situation.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An interpretation."
],
"id": "en-reading-en-noun-edsagm5Y",
"links": [
[
"interpretation",
"interpretation"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 7 2 1 64 8 2 2 1 1 2 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qirāʔa",
"sense": "interpretation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "قِرَاءَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 7 2 1 64 8 2 2 1 1 2 1",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "interpretation",
"word": "yozma"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 7 2 1 64 8 2 2 1 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tǎlkuvane",
"sense": "interpretation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "тълкуване"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 7 2 1 64 8 2 2 1 1 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "interpretation",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fortolkning"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 7 2 1 64 8 2 2 1 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "interpretation",
"word": "tulkinta"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 7 2 1 64 8 2 2 1 1 2 1",
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "arthaghṭan",
"sense": "interpretation",
"word": "અર્થઘટન"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 7 2 1 64 8 2 2 1 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "interpretation",
"word": "olvasat"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 7 2 1 64 8 2 2 1 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tolkovánije",
"sense": "interpretation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "толкова́ние"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Some Chinese characters have numerous readings.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1946 February 16, “China”, in Foreign Commerce Weekly, volume XXII, number 7, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, United States Department of Commerce, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 26, column 2",
"text": "Recent reports from Taiwan (Formosa), although fragmentary, begin to give a picture of economic conditions following the conclusion of the war. Now officially referred to as Taiwan Province, the island's former Japanese administration is being replaced by Chinese officials with little change, at least as yet, in the administrative pattern. Although there is no indication that ideographs will be changed, Chinese readings rather than Japanese will be followed for place names. Taihoku, for example, will be read in our alphabet as Taipei. This city presumably will continue to be the capital of Taiwan.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pronunciation associated with a particular character or word; particularly in East Asian scripts."
],
"id": "en-reading-en-noun-YBBzVUwN",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"pronunciation",
"pronunciation"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"East Asian",
"East Asian"
],
[
"script",
"script"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) A pronunciation associated with a particular character or word; particularly in East Asian scripts."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 2 3 79 1 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "pronunciation associated with a particular character or word",
"word": "讀音"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 2 3 79 1 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dúyīn",
"sense": "pronunciation associated with a particular character or word",
"word": "读音"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 1 6 1 3 6 19 1 12 2 20 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 1 5 2 4 8 16 2 11 3 17 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 8 2 2 6 17 1 12 2 18 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "2014, Jürgen Moltmann, edited by Margaret Kohl, Jürgen Moltmann: Collected Readings, Fortress Press.:",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something to read; reading material."
],
"id": "en-reading-en-noun-V0dwFZAL",
"links": [
[
"reading material",
"reading material"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He's a man of good reading.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The extent of what one has read."
],
"id": "en-reading-en-noun-8C2zgNXq",
"links": [
[
"extent",
"extent"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 4 1 8 9 2 53 11 2 4 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extent of one's reading",
"word": "lukeneisuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 4 1 8 9 2 53 11 2 4 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "extent of one's reading",
"word": "olvasottság"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Politics",
"orig": "en:Politics",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 6 1 3 6 19 1 12 2 20 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 1 5 2 4 8 16 2 11 3 17 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 8 2 2 6 17 1 12 2 18 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of several stages a bill passes through before becoming law."
],
"id": "en-reading-en-noun-aSM~~5E1",
"links": [
[
"politics",
"politics"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(politics, law) One of several stages a bill passes through before becoming law."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"law",
"politics"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 1 4 2 1 5 11 2 53 2 12 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "četene",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "четене"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 4 2 1 5 11 2 53 2 12 3",
"code": "fi",
"english": "first reading",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"word": "lähetekeskustelu"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 4 2 1 5 11 2 53 2 12 3",
"code": "fi",
"english": "second reading",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"word": "ensimmäinen käsittely"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 4 2 1 5 11 2 53 2 12 3",
"code": "fi",
"english": "third reading",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"word": "toinen käsittely"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 4 2 1 5 11 2 53 2 12 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lesung"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 4 2 1 5 11 2 53 2 12 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beratung"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 4 2 1 5 11 2 53 2 12 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "czytanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 4 2 1 5 11 2 53 2 12 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čytánnja",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чита́ння"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "After the homily there will be two readings from the Bible.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of literature or passage of scripture read aloud to an audience."
],
"id": "en-reading-en-noun-iPN9y936",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 3 4 5 1 2 12 8 1 62 2 0",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "laiktjō",
"sense": "a piece read to an audience",
"word": "𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍄𐌾𐍉"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 4 5 1 2 12 8 1 62 2 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a piece read to an audience",
"word": "tuhinga"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "en:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 6 1 3 6 19 1 12 2 20 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 1 5 2 4 8 16 2 11 3 17 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 8 2 2 6 17 1 12 2 18 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The content of a reading list."
],
"id": "en-reading-en-noun-CNItKXPH",
"links": [
[
"education",
"education"
],
[
"content",
"content"
],
[
"reading list",
"reading list"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(education, uncountable) The content of a reading list."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"education"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Go",
"orig": "en:Go",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act or process of imagining sequences of potential moves and responses without actually placing stones."
],
"id": "en-reading-en-noun-8mLBZQBo",
"links": [
[
"go",
"go#English:_game"
]
],
"qualifier": "go",
"raw_glosses": [
"(go, uncountable) The act or process of imagining sequences of potential moves and responses without actually placing stones."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 12 3 1 1 3 1 0 2 1 2 63",
"alt": "よみ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yomi",
"sense": "act or process of imagining sequences of moves",
"word": "読み"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹiːdɪŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹiːɾɪŋ]"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹidiŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹiɾiŋ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːdɪŋ"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reading.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/En-us-reading.ogg/En-us-reading.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/En-us-reading.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "rēd'ĭng"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"reading"
],
"word": "reading"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
"English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verb forms",
"English verbal nouns",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːdɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/iːdɪŋ/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "reding"
},
"expansion": "Middle English reding",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "redyng"
},
"expansion": "redyng",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "redand"
},
"expansion": "redand",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rǣdende"
},
"expansion": "Old English rǣdende",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "rǣdan",
"t": "to read"
},
"expansion": "rǣdan (“to read”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "read",
"3": "-ing",
"id2": "participial"
},
"expansion": "read + -ing",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English reding, redyng, redand, from Old English rǣdende, present participle of rǣdan (“to read”), equivalent to read + -ing.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "reading",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "read"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present participle and gerund of read"
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹiːdɪŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹiːɾɪŋ]"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹidiŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹiɾiŋ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːdɪŋ"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reading.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/En-us-reading.ogg/En-us-reading.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/En-us-reading.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "rēd'ĭng"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"reading"
],
"word": "reading"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbal nouns",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːdɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/iːdɪŋ/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "billet reading"
},
{
"word": "close reading"
},
{
"word": "cold reading"
},
{
"word": "cross-reading"
},
{
"word": "e-reading"
},
{
"word": "first reading"
},
{
"word": "lip reading"
},
{
"word": "lip-reading"
},
{
"word": "mind-reading"
},
{
"word": "mind reading"
},
{
"word": "muscle reading"
},
{
"word": "open reading frame"
},
{
"word": "palm reading"
},
{
"word": "poetry reading"
},
{
"word": "popcorn reading"
},
{
"word": "readin'"
},
{
"word": "reading book"
},
{
"word": "reading break"
},
{
"word": "reading comprehension"
},
{
"word": "reading copy"
},
{
"word": "reading frame"
},
{
"word": "reading glasses"
},
{
"word": "reading knowledge"
},
{
"word": "reading-lamp"
},
{
"word": "reading light"
},
{
"word": "reading list"
},
{
"word": "reading material"
},
{
"word": "reading notice"
},
{
"word": "reading room"
},
{
"word": "reading stone"
},
{
"word": "reading week"
},
{
"word": "second reading"
},
{
"word": "speed reading"
},
{
"word": "third reading"
},
{
"word": "variant reading"
},
{
"word": "various reading"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "reding"
},
"expansion": "Middle English reding",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "redynge"
},
"expansion": "redynge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "redunge"
},
"expansion": "redunge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rǣding",
"t": "reading"
},
"expansion": "Old English rǣding (“reading”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "read",
"3": "-ing",
"id2": "gerund noun"
},
"expansion": "read + -ing",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English reding, redynge, redunge, from Old English rǣding (“reading”), equivalent to read + -ing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "readings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "reading (countable and uncountable, plural readings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The student is behind in his reading by several chapters.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process of interpreting written language."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The process of interpreting a symbol, a sign or a measuring device."
],
"senseid": [
"en:process of interpreting a symbol"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He glanced across and took note of the speedometer reading.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2019, VOA Learning English (public domain)",
"text": "He noted that fine dust readings have been higher in Seoul than in Beijing recently.\nAudio (US) (file)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A value indicated by a measuring device."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I attended a poetry reading.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An event at which written material is read aloud."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That's my reading of the current situation.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An interpretation."
],
"links": [
[
"interpretation",
"interpretation"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Linguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Some Chinese characters have numerous readings.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1946 February 16, “China”, in Foreign Commerce Weekly, volume XXII, number 7, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, United States Department of Commerce, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 26, column 2",
"text": "Recent reports from Taiwan (Formosa), although fragmentary, begin to give a picture of economic conditions following the conclusion of the war. Now officially referred to as Taiwan Province, the island's former Japanese administration is being replaced by Chinese officials with little change, at least as yet, in the administrative pattern. Although there is no indication that ideographs will be changed, Chinese readings rather than Japanese will be followed for place names. Taihoku, for example, will be read in our alphabet as Taipei. This city presumably will continue to be the capital of Taiwan.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pronunciation associated with a particular character or word; particularly in East Asian scripts."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"pronunciation",
"pronunciation"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"East Asian",
"East Asian"
],
[
"script",
"script"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) A pronunciation associated with a particular character or word; particularly in East Asian scripts."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "2014, Jürgen Moltmann, edited by Margaret Kohl, Jürgen Moltmann: Collected Readings, Fortress Press.:",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something to read; reading material."
],
"links": [
[
"reading material",
"reading material"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He's a man of good reading.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The extent of what one has read."
],
"links": [
[
"extent",
"extent"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Law",
"en:Politics"
],
"glosses": [
"One of several stages a bill passes through before becoming law."
],
"links": [
[
"politics",
"politics"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(politics, law) One of several stages a bill passes through before becoming law."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"law",
"politics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "After the homily there will be two readings from the Bible.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of literature or passage of scripture read aloud to an audience."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Education"
],
"glosses": [
"The content of a reading list."
],
"links": [
[
"education",
"education"
],
[
"content",
"content"
],
[
"reading list",
"reading list"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(education, uncountable) The content of a reading list."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"education"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Go"
],
"glosses": [
"The act or process of imagining sequences of potential moves and responses without actually placing stones."
],
"links": [
[
"go",
"go#English:_game"
]
],
"qualifier": "go",
"raw_glosses": [
"(go, uncountable) The act or process of imagining sequences of potential moves and responses without actually placing stones."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹiːdɪŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹiːɾɪŋ]"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹidiŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹiɾiŋ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːdɪŋ"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reading.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/En-us-reading.ogg/En-us-reading.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/En-us-reading.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "rēd'ĭng"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "lesing"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "oplesing"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lexim"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qirāʔa",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "قِرَاءَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "muṭālaʕa",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُطَالَعَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "əntʿercʿum",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "ընթերցում"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "əntʿercʿanutʿyun",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "ընթերցանություն"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "oxu"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "qiraət"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "oxuma"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "mütaliə"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čytánnje",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чыта́нне"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "poṛa",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "পড়া"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čétene",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "че́тене"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "a.hpat",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "အဖတ်"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "cahpathkrang:",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "စာဖတ်ခြင်း"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "讀書"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dúshū",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "读书"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "閱讀"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yuèdú",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "阅读"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "čtení"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "læsning"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "lezen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "legado"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "lugemine"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lesing"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lestur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "lukeminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lecture"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Lesen"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "anágnōsis",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἀνάγνωσις"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "k'ri'á",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "קְרִיאָה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "paṛhnā",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "पढ़ना"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "olvasás"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lestur"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "lektado"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "kemampuan membaca"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "léitheoireacht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lettura"
},
{
"alt": "どくしょ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "dokusho",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "読書"
},
{
"alt": "よむこと",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yomu koto",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "読むこと"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "oqu",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "оқу"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ʔɑmnaan",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "អំណាន"
},
{
"alt": "讀書",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "dokseo",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "독서"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "okuu",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "окуу"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "meldadura"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "kān ʼān",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "ການອ່ານ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lectiō"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lasījums"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skaitymas"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "čitanje",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "читање"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vāyana",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "വായന"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "unšlaga",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "уншлага"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "óltaʼ"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lesing"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lesing"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xândan",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "خواندن"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"note": "often in a religious context",
"roman": "qerâ'at",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "قرائت"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "motâle'e",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "مطالعه"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "czytanie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lektura"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "leitura"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lectură"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "citire"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čténije",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чте́ние"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "читање"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "čìtānje"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "čítanie"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "branje"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cytanje"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lectura"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "läsning"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "xondan",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "хондан"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "xoniš",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "хониш"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "mutolia",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "мутолиа"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "qiroat",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "қироат"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "caduvu",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "చదువు"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaan-àan",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "การอ่าน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "okuma"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"note": "often in a religious context",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "kıraat"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čytánnja",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чита́ння"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "oʻqish"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "sự đọc"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "leyenung",
"sense": "process of interpreting written language",
"word": "לייענונג"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "čtení"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uitlezing"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"word": "lukeminen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"word": "interpretare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "interpretazione"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"word": "leitura"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čténije",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чте́ние"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "читање"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "process of interpreting a symbol",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "čìtānje"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pokazanie",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "показание"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dúshù",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"word": "读数"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "aflæsning"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lezing"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"word": "lukema"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"word": "óraállás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"word": "mérőóraállás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"word": "leolvasott érték"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lettura"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pokazánije",
"sense": "value indicated by a measuring device",
"word": "показа́ние"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "četene",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "четене"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forelæsning"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "voorlezen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"word": "lukutilaisuus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"word": "lausunta"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rezitation"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lesung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gedichtlesung"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "anágnōsis",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἀνάγνωσις"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"word": "felolvasás"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lettura"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "interpretazione"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vāyana",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"word": "വായന"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lesning"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "-xâni",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"word": "خوانی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "czytanie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čténije",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чте́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čtívo",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чти́во"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "читање"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "čìtānje"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "event at which material is read aloud",
"word": "okuma"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qirāʔa",
"sense": "interpretation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "قِرَاءَة"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "interpretation",
"word": "yozma"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tǎlkuvane",
"sense": "interpretation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "тълкуване"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "interpretation",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fortolkning"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "interpretation",
"word": "tulkinta"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "arthaghṭan",
"sense": "interpretation",
"word": "અર્થઘટન"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "interpretation",
"word": "olvasat"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tolkovánije",
"sense": "interpretation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "толкова́ние"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "pronunciation associated with a particular character or word",
"word": "讀音"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dúyīn",
"sense": "pronunciation associated with a particular character or word",
"word": "读音"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extent of one's reading",
"word": "lukeneisuus"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "extent of one's reading",
"word": "olvasottság"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "četene",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "четене"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "first reading",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"word": "lähetekeskustelu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "second reading",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"word": "ensimmäinen käsittely"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "third reading",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"word": "toinen käsittely"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lesung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beratung"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "czytanie"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čytánnja",
"sense": "one of several stages a bill passes through",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чита́ння"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "laiktjō",
"sense": "a piece read to an audience",
"word": "𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍄𐌾𐍉"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a piece read to an audience",
"word": "tuhinga"
},
{
"alt": "よみ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yomi",
"sense": "act or process of imagining sequences of moves",
"word": "読み"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"reading"
],
"word": "reading"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.