See circular in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "sharp"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "square"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "thin"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "anticircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bicircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular angle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular arc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular argument"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular breathing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular buffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular cone"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular dichroism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular economy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular fashion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular file"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular filing cabinet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular function"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular graph"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Circular Head"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circularin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circularise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circularism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circularity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circularization"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circularize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular knitting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circularly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular mil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular needle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circularness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular note"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular parry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular polarized light"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular queue"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular reference"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular sector"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular segment"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular state"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circularwise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cocircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "court circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "demicircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hemicircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "maxicircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "metacircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "meta-circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "microcircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "minicircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "near-circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "noncircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "quasicircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "semi-circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "squircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "subcircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "supercircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tricircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "uncircular"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "circuler"
},
"expansion": "Middle English circuler",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "circulier"
},
"expansion": "Old French circulier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "circularis"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin circularis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "circulus"
},
"expansion": "Latin circulus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English circuler, circuleer, circulere, from Old French circulier, from Late Latin circularis, from Latin circulus, diminutive of circus (“ring”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more circular",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most circular",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "circular (comparative more circular, superlative most circular)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "shape"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cir‧cu‧lar"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "semicircular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "recursive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "rotund"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "spherical"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular file"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular firing squad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circular saw"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of or relating to a circle."
],
"id": "en-circular-en-adj-mYri5Hzu",
"links": [
[
"circle",
"circle"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "dāʔiriyy",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "دَائِرِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "šrǰanagcayin",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "շրջանագծային"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kruhavý",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "кругавы́"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "brittakar",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "বৃত্তাকার"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "gōlakar",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "গোলাকার"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krǎgóv",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "кръго́в"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "cirkla"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "ympyrä-"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "circulaire"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "Kreis-"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kyklikós",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κυκλικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kuklikós",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "κυκλικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "cirkla"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "cirklala"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "cirklatra"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "circolare"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "bazinî"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kružen",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "кружен"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "porohita"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "porowhita"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "gërd",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "ګرد"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "de cerc"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krugovój",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "кругово́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "cearcaill"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "cirkulär"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "compounds with cirkel c or ring"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "dairesel"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 0 0 0 0 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kruhovýj",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "кругови́й"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 32 4 4 4 0 10 5 5 7 3 5 5 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Circle",
"orig": "en:Circle",
"parents": [
"Curves",
"Shapes",
"Geometry",
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 23 2 4 4 0 7 4 17 24 3 4 4 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geometry",
"orig": "en:Geometry",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "Here, in the transept and choir, where the service was being held, one was conscious every moment of an increasing brightness; colours glowing vividly beneath the circular chandeliers, and the rows of small lights on the choristers' desks flashed and sparkled in front of the boys' faces, deep linen collars, and red neckbands.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In the shape of, or moving in a circle."
],
"id": "en-circular-en-adj-QaWxKwQP",
"links": [
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"moving",
"moving"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "dāʔiriyy",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "دَائِرِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "šrǰanajew",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "շրջանաձև"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "bolorajew",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "բոլորաձև"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "šrǰanagcayin",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "շրջանագծային"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "krúhly",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "кру́глы"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krǎ́gǎl",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "кръ́гъл"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "wuing:",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "ဝိုင်း"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yuán",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "圓 /圆"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "kulatý"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "rund"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "cirkulær"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "rond"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "ympyrän muotoinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "in the shape of circle",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "pyöreä"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "fi",
"english": "moving in a circle",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "pyörivä"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "rond"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "c̣riuli",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "წრიული"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "rund"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "Kreis-"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "kreisartig"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "kreisförmig"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "de",
"english": "moving in a circle",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "kreisend"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kyklikós",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "κυκλικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kuklikós",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "κυκλικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vŕttīya",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "वृत्तीय"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vartul",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "वर्तुल"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "gol",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "गोल"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vŕttākār",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "वृत्ताकार"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "körkörös"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "bundar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "ciorclach"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "circolare"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"alt": "まるい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "marui",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "丸い"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "bazineyî"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kružen",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "кружен"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "gërd",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "ګرد"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "دایره"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "runt"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "okrągły"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "redondo"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "arredondado"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krúglyj",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "кру́глый"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okrúglyj",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "окру́глый"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "maṇḍala",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "मण्डल"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "cearclach"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "su",
"lang": "Sundanese",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "bunder"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "rund"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "cirkulär"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "cirkelformad"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "ringformad"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "krúhlyj",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "кру́глий"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "sirkafomik"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 2 2 2 0 4",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "klöpik"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Circuitous or roundabout."
],
"id": "en-circular-en-adj-6w~3Y1Hs",
"links": [
[
"Circuitous",
"circuitous"
],
[
"roundabout",
"roundabout"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 16 72 2 1 0 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obikolen",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "обиколен"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 72 2 1 0 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "kierto-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 72 2 1 0 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "kiertelevä"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 72 2 1 0 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "epäsuora"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 72 2 1 0 9",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "peristrofikós",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "περιστροφικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 72 2 1 0 9",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "obikolen",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "обиколен"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 72 2 1 0 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 72 2 1 0 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okólʹnyj",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "око́льный"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 72 2 1 0 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kružnój",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "кружно́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 72 2 1 0 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okružnój",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "окружно́й"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "circular reasoning"
},
{
"text": "Your dictionary defines \"brave\" as \"courageous\", and \"courageous\" as \"brave\". That's a circular definition."
},
{
"text": "a circular formula in a spreadsheet"
},
{
"text": "I changed the definition of \"sex\" from \"to have sex\" to \"to have sexual intercourse\"; a dictionary definition must never be circular; using the word being defined to define itself."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Referring back to itself, so as to prevent computation or comprehension; infinitely recursive."
],
"id": "en-circular-en-adj-Ws7v0PfG",
"links": [
[
"infinitely",
"infinitely"
],
[
"recursive",
"recursive"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 23 3 58 4 0 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "referring back to itself — see also circular definition",
"word": "kehämäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 23 3 58 4 0 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "referring back to itself — see also circular definition",
"word": "kehä-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 23 3 58 4 0 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "referring back to itself — see also circular definition",
"word": "zirkelhaft"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1827, Henry Hallam, The Constitutional History of England from the Accession of Henry VII. to the Death of George II. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: John Murray, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "a proclamation of Henry III., […] doubtless circular throughout England",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Distributed to a large number of persons."
],
"id": "en-circular-en-adj-oLKiCL1w",
"links": [
[
"Distributed",
"distribute"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 2 94 0 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "cirkuljáren",
"sense": "distributed to a large number of persons",
"word": "циркуля́рен"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 2 94 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "distributed to a large number of persons",
"word": "laajalevikkinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 2 94 0 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "egkýklios",
"sense": "distributed to a large number of persons",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "εγκύκλιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 2 94 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "cirkuljárnyj",
"sense": "distributed to a large number of persons",
"word": "циркуля́рный"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1632, Philip Massinger, Maid of Honour, act I, scene 2:",
"text": "A man so absolute and circular / In all those wished-for rarities that may take / A virgin captive.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Perfect; complete."
],
"id": "en-circular-en-adj-Aip1GMvn",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Perfect; complete."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "February 1, 1711, John Dennis, on the Genius and Writings of Shakespeare\nHad Virgil been a circular poet, and closely adhered to history, how could the Romans have had Dido?"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Adhering to a fixed circle of legends; cyclic; hence, mean; inferior."
],
"id": "en-circular-en-adj-OfVA2pvJ",
"links": [
[
"circle",
"circle"
],
[
"legend",
"legend"
],
[
"cyclic",
"cyclic"
],
[
"mean",
"mean"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Adhering to a fixed circle of legends; cyclic; hence, mean; inferior."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜː.kjə.lə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝ.kjə.lɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-circular.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-circular.ogg/En-us-circular.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-circular.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ringlike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ring-shaped"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "round-like"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "annular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "cyclic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "discoid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "round"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "rounded"
}
],
"word": "circular"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "circuler"
},
"expansion": "Middle English circuler",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "circulier"
},
"expansion": "Old French circulier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "circularis"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin circularis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "circulus"
},
"expansion": "Latin circulus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English circuler, circuleer, circulere, from Old French circulier, from Late Latin circularis, from Latin circulus, diminutive of circus (“ring”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "circulars",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "circular (plural circulars)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cir‧cu‧lar"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "advertisement"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "booklet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "brochure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "catalogue"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "catalog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "flier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "flyer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "handbill"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hand bill"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "junk mail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leaflet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pamphlet"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1991 September, Stephen Fry, chapter 2, in The Liar, London: Heinemann, →ISBN, section I, page 40:",
"text": "The pigeon-hole was also stuffed with circulars and hand-bills.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An advertisement, directive or notice intended for mass circulation."
],
"id": "en-circular-en-noun-XPEi7kIk",
"links": [
[
"advertisement",
"advertisement"
],
[
"directive",
"directive"
],
[
"notice",
"notice"
],
[
"mass",
"mass"
],
[
"circulation",
"circulation"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "flyer"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 0 1 1 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tōnghán",
"sense": "advertisement, directive or notice intended for mass circulation",
"word": "通函"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 1 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "advertisement, directive or notice intended for mass circulation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "circulaire"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "cirkuljár",
"sense": "advertisement, directive or notice intended for mass circulation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "циркуля́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 1 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "cyrkuljár",
"sense": "advertisement, directive or notice intended for mass circulation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "циркуля́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 1 1 2",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "gaśtī",
"sense": "advertisement, directive or notice intended for mass circulation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "گَشْتی"
}
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "circular letter"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 23 2 4 4 0 7 4 17 24 3 4 4 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geometry",
"orig": "en:Geometry",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for circular letter."
],
"id": "en-circular-en-noun-TvVW-ssX",
"links": [
[
"circular letter",
"circular letter#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "circular file"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 17 4 2 2 0 9 4 23 32 1 3 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 2 2 2 0 6 2 15 50 2 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 1 0 0 5 1 1 1 0 3 1 7 10 0 1 1 1 14 3 8 1 0 1 4 5 1 1 1 1 10 1 1 1 1 13 0 1 1 1 1",
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"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 5 6 6 2 7 9 14 23 4 6 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "1 12 4 3 5 1 8 10 15 29 4 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 11 8 3 3 1 7 7 17 30 4 2 3 4",
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"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 3 2 2 0 9 3 19 37 2 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 3 2 2 0 9 3 19 37 2 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 12 4 3 5 1 8 10 15 29 4 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 6 4 4 1 8 6 15 28 4 4 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 12 4 3 3 1 8 7 17 32 4 2 3 3",
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"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 16 3 1 1 0 9 2 26 37 1 1 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 3 2 2 0 9 3 19 37 2 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Pashto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 11 6 3 5 1 8 10 15 28 4 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 2 1 1 0 7 3 17 51 1 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 11 4 3 3 11 7 7 13 25 4 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 12 3 3 5 1 8 9 17 30 3 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 4 3 3 1 8 7 16 31 4 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 3 2 2 0 9 3 19 37 2 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 4 3 3 1 9 5 17 33 3 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 12 4 3 3 1 8 7 17 31 4 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 15 3 2 2 0 9 2 20 34 3 2 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 4 3 3 1 8 5 18 33 3 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sundanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 12 4 3 3 1 8 7 17 32 4 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 12 4 3 3 1 8 7 17 32 4 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 12 4 3 3 1 8 7 17 32 4 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 4 3 3 1 9 4 18 34 3 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 3 2 2 0 9 3 18 37 2 3 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 23 2 4 4 0 7 4 17 24 3 4 4 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geometry",
"orig": "en:Geometry",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for circular file."
],
"id": "en-circular-en-noun-vVs9eY6u",
"links": [
[
"circular file",
"circular file#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A sleeveless cloak cut from a circular pattern."
],
"id": "en-circular-en-noun-ovwMshm9",
"links": [
[
"sleeveless",
"sleeveless"
],
[
"cloak",
"cloak"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"circular",
"#Adjective"
],
[
"pattern",
"pattern"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) A sleeveless cloak cut from a circular pattern."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A shuttle bus with a circular route."
],
"id": "en-circular-en-noun-1yP1wSui",
"links": [
[
"shuttle bus",
"shuttle bus"
],
[
"circular",
"#Adjective"
],
[
"route",
"route"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜː.kjə.lə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝ.kjə.lɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-circular.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-circular.ogg/En-us-circular.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-circular.ogg"
}
],
"word": "circular"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "circuler"
},
"expansion": "Middle English circuler",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "circulier"
},
"expansion": "Old French circulier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "circularis"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin circularis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "circulus"
},
"expansion": "Latin circulus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English circuler, circuleer, circulere, from Old French circulier, from Late Latin circularis, from Latin circulus, diminutive of circus (“ring”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "circulars",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "circularing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "circulared",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "circulared",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "circular (third-person singular simple present circulars, present participle circularing, simple past and past participle circulared)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
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"cir‧cu‧lar"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1851, G. W. Muir, Report on the State of Engine and Other Furnaces, page 19:",
"text": "The result of the sending of these notices confirms me in the opinion, that it will be necessary to adopt legal means with the great majority of these parties. The circulars have had little effect. In fact, the parties have been “circulared\" into the notion that nothing more formidable will ever be sent to them.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1873, Old and new - Volume 8, page 101:",
"text": "It is true, that, to obtain these, some six hundred or more institutions were circulared, and a good many of these a second time.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1909, American Life Convention, Report of the Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Life Convention, page 42:",
"text": "I do not mean to say we have never employed some of them who come to us—but we have never circulared agents or gone after them.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1962, Harrie Sheridan Baketel, Medical Economics - Volume 39, page 141:",
"text": "If you've ever been circulared by drug repackaging houses, you know they usually offer to trade a selection of office supplies for your unused drug samples.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To distribute circulars to or at."
],
"id": "en-circular-en-verb-83fpwtA9",
"links": [
[
"distribute",
"distribute"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008, Donald E. Wagner, Kenneth Cragg, Dying in the Land of Promise, page 116:",
"text": "The theme can be expressed in an architectural analogy. For, of all contriving to encover space, the arch — alone or 'circulared' into the dome — is the most ingenious.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To extend in a circular direction."
],
"id": "en-circular-en-verb-dQpBZQ5M"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜː.kjə.lə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝ.kjə.lɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
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],
"word": "circular"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "sharp"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "square"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "thin"
}
],
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Pashto translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Sundanese translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"en:Circle",
"en:Geometry"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "anticircular"
},
{
"word": "bicircular"
},
{
"word": "circular angle"
},
{
"word": "circular arc"
},
{
"word": "circular argument"
},
{
"word": "circular breathing"
},
{
"word": "circular buffer"
},
{
"word": "circular cone"
},
{
"word": "circular dichroism"
},
{
"word": "circular economy"
},
{
"word": "circular fashion"
},
{
"word": "circular file"
},
{
"word": "circular filing cabinet"
},
{
"word": "circular function"
},
{
"word": "circular graph"
},
{
"word": "Circular Head"
},
{
"word": "circularin"
},
{
"word": "circularise"
},
{
"word": "circularism"
},
{
"word": "circularity"
},
{
"word": "circularization"
},
{
"word": "circularize"
},
{
"word": "circular knitting"
},
{
"word": "circularly"
},
{
"word": "circular mil"
},
{
"word": "circular needle"
},
{
"word": "circularness"
},
{
"word": "circular note"
},
{
"word": "circular parry"
},
{
"word": "circular polarized light"
},
{
"word": "circular queue"
},
{
"word": "circular reference"
},
{
"word": "circular sector"
},
{
"word": "circular segment"
},
{
"word": "circular state"
},
{
"word": "circularwise"
},
{
"word": "cocircular"
},
{
"word": "court circular"
},
{
"word": "demicircular"
},
{
"word": "hemicircular"
},
{
"word": "maxicircular"
},
{
"word": "metacircular"
},
{
"word": "meta-circular"
},
{
"word": "microcircular"
},
{
"word": "minicircular"
},
{
"word": "near-circular"
},
{
"word": "noncircular"
},
{
"word": "quasicircular"
},
{
"word": "semi-circular"
},
{
"word": "squircular"
},
{
"word": "subcircular"
},
{
"word": "supercircular"
},
{
"word": "tricircular"
},
{
"word": "uncircular"
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "circuler"
},
"expansion": "Middle English circuler",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "circulier"
},
"expansion": "Old French circulier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "circularis"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin circularis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "circulus"
},
"expansion": "Latin circulus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English circuler, circuleer, circulere, from Old French circulier, from Late Latin circularis, from Latin circulus, diminutive of circus (“ring”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more circular",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most circular",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "circular (comparative more circular, superlative most circular)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "shape"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cir‧cu‧lar"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "semicircular"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "recursive"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "rotund"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "spherical"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "circle"
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{
"word": "circular file"
},
{
"word": "circular firing squad"
},
{
"word": "circular saw"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of or relating to a circle."
],
"links": [
[
"circle",
"circle"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "Here, in the transept and choir, where the service was being held, one was conscious every moment of an increasing brightness; colours glowing vividly beneath the circular chandeliers, and the rows of small lights on the choristers' desks flashed and sparkled in front of the boys' faces, deep linen collars, and red neckbands.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In the shape of, or moving in a circle."
],
"links": [
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"moving",
"moving"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Circuitous or roundabout."
],
"links": [
[
"Circuitous",
"circuitous"
],
[
"roundabout",
"roundabout"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "circular reasoning"
},
{
"text": "Your dictionary defines \"brave\" as \"courageous\", and \"courageous\" as \"brave\". That's a circular definition."
},
{
"text": "a circular formula in a spreadsheet"
},
{
"text": "I changed the definition of \"sex\" from \"to have sex\" to \"to have sexual intercourse\"; a dictionary definition must never be circular; using the word being defined to define itself."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Referring back to itself, so as to prevent computation or comprehension; infinitely recursive."
],
"links": [
[
"infinitely",
"infinitely"
],
[
"recursive",
"recursive"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1827, Henry Hallam, The Constitutional History of England from the Accession of Henry VII. to the Death of George II. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: John Murray, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "a proclamation of Henry III., […] doubtless circular throughout England",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Distributed to a large number of persons."
],
"links": [
[
"Distributed",
"distribute"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1632, Philip Massinger, Maid of Honour, act I, scene 2:",
"text": "A man so absolute and circular / In all those wished-for rarities that may take / A virgin captive.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Perfect; complete."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Perfect; complete."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "February 1, 1711, John Dennis, on the Genius and Writings of Shakespeare\nHad Virgil been a circular poet, and closely adhered to history, how could the Romans have had Dido?"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Adhering to a fixed circle of legends; cyclic; hence, mean; inferior."
],
"links": [
[
"circle",
"circle"
],
[
"legend",
"legend"
],
[
"cyclic",
"cyclic"
],
[
"mean",
"mean"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Adhering to a fixed circle of legends; cyclic; hence, mean; inferior."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜː.kjə.lə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝ.kjə.lɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-circular.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-circular.ogg/En-us-circular.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-circular.ogg"
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ringlike"
},
{
"word": "ring-shaped"
},
{
"word": "round-like"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "annular"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "cyclic"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "discoid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "round"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circular",
"word": "rounded"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "dāʔiriyy",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "دَائِرِيّ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "šrǰanagcayin",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "շրջանագծային"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kruhavý",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "кругавы́"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "brittakar",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "বৃত্তাকার"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "gōlakar",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "গোলাকার"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krǎgóv",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "кръго́в"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "cirkla"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "ympyrä-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "circulaire"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "circular"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "Kreis-"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kyklikós",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κυκλικός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kuklikós",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "κυκλικός"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "cirkla"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "cirklala"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "cirklatra"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "circolare"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "bazinî"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kružen",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "кружен"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "porohita"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "porowhita"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "gërd",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "ګرد"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "de cerc"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krugovój",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "кругово́й"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "cearcaill"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "cirkulär"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "compounds with cirkel c or ring"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "dairesel"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kruhovýj",
"sense": "of or relating to a circle",
"word": "кругови́й"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "dāʔiriyy",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "دَائِرِيّ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "šrǰanajew",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "շրջանաձև"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "bolorajew",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "բոլորաձև"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "šrǰanagcayin",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "շրջանագծային"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "krúhly",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "кру́глы"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krǎ́gǎl",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "кръ́гъл"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "wuing:",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "ဝိုင်း"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yuán",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "圓 /圆"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "kulatý"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "rund"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "cirkulær"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "rond"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "ympyrän muotoinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "in the shape of circle",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "pyöreä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "moving in a circle",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "pyörivä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "rond"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "c̣riuli",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "წრიული"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "rund"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "Kreis-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "kreisartig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "kreisförmig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "moving in a circle",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "kreisend"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kyklikós",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "κυκλικός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kuklikós",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "κυκλικός"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vŕttīya",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "वृत्तीय"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vartul",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "वर्तुल"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "gol",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "गोल"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vŕttākār",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "वृत्ताकार"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "körkörös"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "bundar"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "ciorclach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "circolare"
},
{
"alt": "まるい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "marui",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "丸い"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "bazineyî"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kružen",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "кружен"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "gërd",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "ګرد"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "دایره"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "runt"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "okrągły"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "redondo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "arredondado"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krúglyj",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "кру́глый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okrúglyj",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "окру́глый"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "maṇḍala",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "मण्डल"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "cearclach"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"code": "su",
"lang": "Sundanese",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "bunder"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "rund"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "cirkulär"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "cirkelformad"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "ringformad"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "krúhlyj",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "кру́глий"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "sirkafomik"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "in the shape of, or moving in a circle",
"word": "klöpik"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obikolen",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "обиколен"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "kierto-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "kiertelevä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "epäsuora"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "peristrofikós",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "περιστροφικός"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "obikolen",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "обиколен"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "circular"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okólʹnyj",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "око́льный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kružnój",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "кружно́й"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okružnój",
"sense": "circuitous or roundabout — see also circuitous, roundabout",
"word": "окружно́й"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "referring back to itself — see also circular definition",
"word": "kehämäinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "referring back to itself — see also circular definition",
"word": "kehä-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "referring back to itself — see also circular definition",
"word": "zirkelhaft"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "cirkuljáren",
"sense": "distributed to a large number of persons",
"word": "циркуля́рен"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "distributed to a large number of persons",
"word": "laajalevikkinen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "egkýklios",
"sense": "distributed to a large number of persons",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "εγκύκλιος"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "cirkuljárnyj",
"sense": "distributed to a large number of persons",
"word": "циркуля́рный"
}
],
"word": "circular"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Pashto translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Sundanese translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"en:Circle",
"en:Geometry"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "circuler"
},
"expansion": "Middle English circuler",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "circulier"
},
"expansion": "Old French circulier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "circularis"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin circularis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "circulus"
},
"expansion": "Latin circulus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English circuler, circuleer, circulere, from Old French circulier, from Late Latin circularis, from Latin circulus, diminutive of circus (“ring”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "circulars",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "circular (plural circulars)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cir‧cu‧lar"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "advertisement"
},
{
"word": "booklet"
},
{
"word": "brochure"
},
{
"word": "catalogue"
},
{
"word": "catalog"
},
{
"word": "flier"
},
{
"word": "flyer"
},
{
"word": "handbill"
},
{
"word": "hand bill"
},
{
"word": "junk mail"
},
{
"word": "leaflet"
},
{
"word": "pamphlet"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1991 September, Stephen Fry, chapter 2, in The Liar, London: Heinemann, →ISBN, section I, page 40:",
"text": "The pigeon-hole was also stuffed with circulars and hand-bills.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An advertisement, directive or notice intended for mass circulation."
],
"links": [
[
"advertisement",
"advertisement"
],
[
"directive",
"directive"
],
[
"notice",
"notice"
],
[
"mass",
"mass"
],
[
"circulation",
"circulation"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "flyer"
}
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "circular letter"
}
],
"categories": [
"English short forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Short for circular letter."
],
"links": [
[
"circular letter",
"circular letter#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "circular file"
}
],
"categories": [
"English short forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Short for circular file."
],
"links": [
[
"circular file",
"circular file#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A sleeveless cloak cut from a circular pattern."
],
"links": [
[
"sleeveless",
"sleeveless"
],
[
"cloak",
"cloak"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"circular",
"#Adjective"
],
[
"pattern",
"pattern"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) A sleeveless cloak cut from a circular pattern."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A shuttle bus with a circular route."
],
"links": [
[
"shuttle bus",
"shuttle bus"
],
[
"circular",
"#Adjective"
],
[
"route",
"route"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜː.kjə.lə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝ.kjə.lɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-circular.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-circular.ogg/En-us-circular.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-circular.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tōnghán",
"sense": "advertisement, directive or notice intended for mass circulation",
"word": "通函"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "advertisement, directive or notice intended for mass circulation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "circulaire"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "cirkuljár",
"sense": "advertisement, directive or notice intended for mass circulation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "циркуля́р"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "cyrkuljár",
"sense": "advertisement, directive or notice intended for mass circulation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "циркуля́р"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "gaśtī",
"sense": "advertisement, directive or notice intended for mass circulation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "گَشْتی"
}
],
"word": "circular"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Pashto translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Sundanese translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"en:Circle",
"en:Geometry"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "circuler"
},
"expansion": "Middle English circuler",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "circulier"
},
"expansion": "Old French circulier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "circularis"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin circularis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "circulus"
},
"expansion": "Latin circulus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English circuler, circuleer, circulere, from Old French circulier, from Late Latin circularis, from Latin circulus, diminutive of circus (“ring”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "circulars",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "circularing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "circulared",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "circulared",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "circular (third-person singular simple present circulars, present participle circularing, simple past and past participle circulared)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cir‧cu‧lar"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1851, G. W. Muir, Report on the State of Engine and Other Furnaces, page 19:",
"text": "The result of the sending of these notices confirms me in the opinion, that it will be necessary to adopt legal means with the great majority of these parties. The circulars have had little effect. In fact, the parties have been “circulared\" into the notion that nothing more formidable will ever be sent to them.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1873, Old and new - Volume 8, page 101:",
"text": "It is true, that, to obtain these, some six hundred or more institutions were circulared, and a good many of these a second time.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1909, American Life Convention, Report of the Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Life Convention, page 42:",
"text": "I do not mean to say we have never employed some of them who come to us—but we have never circulared agents or gone after them.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1962, Harrie Sheridan Baketel, Medical Economics - Volume 39, page 141:",
"text": "If you've ever been circulared by drug repackaging houses, you know they usually offer to trade a selection of office supplies for your unused drug samples.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To distribute circulars to or at."
],
"links": [
[
"distribute",
"distribute"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008, Donald E. Wagner, Kenneth Cragg, Dying in the Land of Promise, page 116:",
"text": "The theme can be expressed in an architectural analogy. For, of all contriving to encover space, the arch — alone or 'circulared' into the dome — is the most ingenious.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To extend in a circular direction."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜː.kjə.lə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝ.kjə.lɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-circular.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-circular.ogg/En-us-circular.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-circular.ogg"
}
],
"word": "circular"
}
Download raw JSONL data for circular meaning in English (32.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.