"circularization" meaning in English

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "decircularization"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "recircularization"
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        "3": "circular",
        "4": "-ization",
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      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish circular\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íďďō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin -ātiōlbor.\nOld French -ationbor.\nMiddle English -acioun\nEnglish -ation\nEnglish -ization\nEnglish circularization\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"-izō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-iser\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-isen\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ize\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tiHō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-Hō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ātiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ation\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-acioun\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ation\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ization\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"circularization\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"circularization\">\nFrom circular + -ization.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish circular\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íďďō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin -ātiōlbor.\nOld French -ationbor.\nMiddle English -acioun\nEnglish -ation\nEnglish -ization\nEnglish circularization\nFrom circular + -ization.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "circularizations",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "circularisation",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
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      "args": {
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      },
      "expansion": "circularization (countable and uncountable, plural circularizations)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The distribution of publicity circulars."
      ],
      "id": "en-circularization-en-noun-27Dnb-VY",
      "links": [
        [
          "distribution",
          "distribution"
        ],
        [
          "publicity",
          "publicity"
        ],
        [
          "circular",
          "circular"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The act or process of making something circular in form."
      ],
      "id": "en-circularization-en-noun-K7f40jin",
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
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          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Physics",
          "orig": "en:Physics",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 3 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
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          "_dis": "25 9 66",
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          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ization",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
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        },
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          "_dis": "4 1 95",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 95",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 3 87",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              27
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          ],
          "ref": "2018 May 31, S. Patsch et al, “Fast and accurate circularization of a Rydberg atom”, in Physical Review A, volume 97, →DOI, page 053418:",
          "text": "We refer to circularization as transfer from the lowest-lying state of the m#95;#92;ell#61;2 ladder to the circular state.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The act of driving an atom into a circular state."
      ],
      "id": "en-circularization-en-noun-V-G-6CJl",
      "links": [
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "circular state",
          "circular state"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physics) The act of driving an atom into a circular state."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
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  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌsɜɹ.kjuː.lə.ɹaɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "circularization"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "decircularization"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries referencing missing etymons",
    "English entries with etymology texts",
    "English entries with etymology trees",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -ization",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees"
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  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "recircularization"
    }
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        "2": ":af",
        "3": "circular",
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      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish circular\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íďďō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin -ātiōlbor.\nOld French -ationbor.\nMiddle English -acioun\nEnglish -ation\nEnglish -ization\nEnglish circularization\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"-izō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-iser\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-isen\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ize\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tiHō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-Hō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ātiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ation\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-acioun\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ation\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ization\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"circularization\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"circularization\">\nFrom circular + -ization.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish circular\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íďďō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin -ātiōlbor.\nOld French -ationbor.\nMiddle English -acioun\nEnglish -ation\nEnglish -ization\nEnglish circularization\nFrom circular + -ization.",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "circularizations",
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The distribution of publicity circulars."
      ],
      "links": [
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          "distribution",
          "distribution"
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        [
          "publicity",
          "publicity"
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          "circular",
          "circular"
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      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
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    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The act or process of making something circular in form."
      ],
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        "countable",
        "uncountable"
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          "ref": "2018 May 31, S. Patsch et al, “Fast and accurate circularization of a Rydberg atom”, in Physical Review A, volume 97, →DOI, page 053418:",
          "text": "We refer to circularization as transfer from the lowest-lying state of the m#95;#92;ell#61;2 ladder to the circular state.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The act of driving an atom into a circular state."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "circular state",
          "circular state"
        ]
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physics) The act of driving an atom into a circular state."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
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        "natural-sciences",
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  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌsɜɹ.kjuː.lə.ɹaɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "circularization"
}