See abrupt in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abrupt appearance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abrupt appearance theory"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abruptic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abruption"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abruptly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abruptness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonabrupt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "theory of abrupt appearance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unabrupt"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "abruptus",
"4": "",
"5": "broken off"
},
"expansion": "Latin abruptus (“broken off”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in 1583. Borrowed from Latin abruptus (“broken off”), perfect passive participle of abrumpō (“break off”), formed from ab (“from, away from”) + rumpō (“to break”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more abrupt",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "abrupter",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most abrupt",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "abruptest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "more",
"2": "er"
},
"expansion": "abrupt (comparative more abrupt or abrupter, superlative most abrupt or abruptest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
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"parents": [
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{
"_dis": "21 7 4 7 26 17 8 4 5 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 8 5 7 26 17 8 2 4 2",
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"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "19 6 4 6 23 18 10 4 5 6",
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"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
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"_dis": "20 7 7 7 24 17 8 3 5 2",
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"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
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"_dis": "21 6 10 8 25 15 8 2 3 2",
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"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
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"_dis": "21 7 7 8 25 17 7 2 4 2",
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"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "23 7 4 6 27 18 7 2 4 2",
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"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
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{
"_dis": "21 7 8 8 26 16 7 2 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "24 5 4 6 29 18 7 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "21 7 8 9 25 17 7 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tamil translations",
"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "22 6 9 7 26 17 6 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "21 8 8 7 26 16 7 2 3 2",
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"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Broken away (from restraint)."
],
"id": "en-abrupt-en-adj-slkNGPm0",
"links": [
[
"The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles",
"w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary"
],
[
"Oxford University Press",
"w:Oxford University Press"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, rare) Broken away (from restraint)."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The party came to an abrupt end when the parents of our host arrived.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1592, William Shakespeare, Henry VI Part I, II-iii:",
"text": "The cause of your abrupt departure.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “Success”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 76:",
"text": "There was something in this abrupt allusion to the treasured and hidden past, that at once shocked and silenced Norbourne. He was annoyed to find that his heart's sweetest secret was in the possession of one so little likely to keep it;...",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 January 28, Kiran Millwood Hargrave, The Mercies, →ISBN, page 130:",
"text": "'Is it a slickstone?' she asks, and Maren snorts, an abrupt sound, bringing her hand up to her mouth.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Without notice to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; hasty; unceremonious."
],
"id": "en-abrupt-en-adj-wsdR6Ui-",
"links": [
[
"sudden",
"sudden"
],
[
"hasty",
"hasty"
],
[
"unceremonious",
"unceremonious"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "9 63 3 5 9 5 6",
"sense": "without time to prepare",
"word": "sudden"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 78 0 15 1 1 1",
"sense": "without transition",
"word": "disconnected"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 78 0 15 1 1 1",
"sense": "without transition",
"word": "unexpected"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mubāḡit",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُبَاغِت"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mufājiʔ",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُفَاجِئ"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "raptóŭny",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рапто́ўны"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rjazǎk",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "рязък"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vnezapen",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "внезапен"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "abrupte"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "pludselig"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "uformodet"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "abrupt"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "plots"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "bruusk"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "äkillinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "odottamaton"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "brusque"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "precipité"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "abrupt"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "jäh"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aifnídios",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αιφνίδιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aprosdókitos",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "απροσδόκητος"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xafnikós",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ξαφνικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "tobann"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "improvviso"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "inaspettato"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "abruptus"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nenádeen",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "нена́деен"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nágol",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "на́гол"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "f’daqqa"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "ta’ malajr"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "ohotata"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "whawhati tata"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "brå"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "plutselig"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "uventet"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "nagłe"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "abrupto"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vnezápnyj",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "внеза́пный"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neožídannyj",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "неожи́данный"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "nágao"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "nȅnādan"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "ȉznenādan"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "repentino"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "súbito"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "abrupto"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "akasmāttugā",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "అకస్మాత్తుగా"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 71 3 3 7 4 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "raptóvyj",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рапто́вий"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1841 February–November, Charles Dickens, “Barnaby Rudge. Chapter 12.”, in Master Humphrey’s Clock, volume II, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, page 301:",
"text": "With no great disparity between them in point of years, they were, in every other respect, as unlike and far removed from each other as two men could well be. The one was soft-spoken, delicately made, precise, and elegant; the other, a burly square-built man, negligently dressed, rough and abrupt in manner, stern, and, in his present mood, forbidding both in look and speech.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Curt in manner."
],
"id": "en-abrupt-en-adj-0Foutcnd",
"links": [
[
"Curt",
"curt"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brusque"
},
{
"word": "rude"
},
{
"word": "uncivil"
},
{
"word": "impolite"
},
{
"word": "terse"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 70 2 9 6 5",
"sense": "uncivil",
"word": "blunt"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 70 2 9 6 5",
"sense": "uncivil",
"word": "brusque"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rjazǎk",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "рязък"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezceremonen",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "безцеремонен"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "kortaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "bruusk"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "töksähtävä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "karkea"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "brusque"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "einsiblig"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "wortkarg"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "kurz angebunden"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apótomos",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "απότομος"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "koftós",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κοφτός"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "bruska"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "gearrbhéalach"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "óstar",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "о́стар"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rézok",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "ре́зок"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "ta’ mod goff"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "whakatumatuma"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "brå"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "skarp"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "rude"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "besceremónnyj",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "бесцеремо́нный"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rézkij",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "ре́зкий"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "ȍsōran"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "abrupto"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "cortante"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 1 3 2 3",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "swta"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1641, Ben Jonson, Discoveries Made upon Men and Matter:",
"text": "The abrupt style, which hath many breaches.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having sudden transitions from one subject or state to another; unconnected; disjointed."
],
"id": "en-abrupt-en-adj-kw1zzyNa",
"links": [
[
"transitions",
"transitions"
],
[
"unconnected",
"unconnected"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "abrupte"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "hortend"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "onsamenhangend"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "äkillinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "abrupt"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "jäh"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "asynechís",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ασυνεχής"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "abrupta"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "bruska"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "discontinuo"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "discontinua"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "sconnesso"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "sconnessa"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "abruptus"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "whawhati tata"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "brå"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "plutselig"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "abrupto"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 17 1 46 9 11 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "abrupto"
}
]
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"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-abrupt-en-adj-437Aho54",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Broken off."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Summer”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC:",
"text": "The mazy-running brook\nForms a deep pool; this bank abrupt and high.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1961 October, \"\"Voyageur\"\", “The Cockermouth, Keswick & Penrith Railway”, in Trains Illustrated, page 601:",
"text": "To the north the towering scree-strewn slopes of Saddleback begin to draw nearer as we start the abrupt descent towards Keswick.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Extremely steep or craggy as if broken up; precipitous."
],
"id": "en-abrupt-en-adj--8Ezwg0Z",
"links": [
[
"steep",
"steep"
],
[
"craggy",
"craggy"
],
[
"precipitous",
"precipitous"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 23 1 17 0 59 1",
"sense": "precipitous",
"word": "broken"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 23 1 17 0 59 1",
"sense": "precipitous",
"word": "rough"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 23 1 17 0 59 1",
"sense": "precipitous",
"word": "rugged"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "strǎmen",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "стръмен"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abrupte"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "brat"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "steil"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "äkkijyrkkä"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abrupt"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abrupt"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "jäh"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "schroff"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "steil"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apókrimnos",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "απόκρημνος"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apótomos",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "απότομος"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "talul",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "תלול"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abrupta"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "eskarpa"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abruptus"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "stŕmen",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "стр́мен"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "mote"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "brå"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "bratt"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "steil"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abrupto"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abrupt"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krutój",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "круто́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obrývistyj",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "обры́вистый"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abrupto"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 5 4 9 65 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "brusco"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 6 4 6 23 18 10 4 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1839, William Baxter, British Phænogamous Botany, →OCLC:",
"text": "Root oblong, blackish, nearly the thickness of the little finger, often growing obliquely; abrupt at the lower end, so as to appear as if bitten off, furnished with long whitish fibres.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suddenly terminating, as if cut off; truncate."
],
"id": "en-abrupt-en-adj-mYjyRdQ7",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"terminating",
"terminating"
],
[
"cut off",
"cut off"
],
[
"truncate",
"truncate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) Suddenly terminating, as if cut off; truncate."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "14 3 9 4 16 10 43",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "botany: truncated",
"word": "afgeknot"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 3 9 4 16 10 43",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "botany: truncated",
"word": "katkaistu"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 3 9 4 16 10 43",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "botany: truncated",
"word": "abgestumpft"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 3 9 4 16 10 43",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "botany: truncated",
"word": "abrupto"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbɹʌpt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/æbˈɹʌpt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-abrupt.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/En-us-abrupt.ogg/En-us-abrupt.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/En-us-abrupt.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌpt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sudden"
}
],
"word": "abrupt"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "abruptedly"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "abruptus",
"4": "",
"5": "broken off"
},
"expansion": "Latin abruptus (“broken off”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in 1583. Borrowed from Latin abruptus (“broken off”), perfect passive participle of abrumpō (“break off”), formed from ab (“from, away from”) + rumpō (“to break”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abrupts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abrupting",
"tags": [
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"present"
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},
{
"form": "abrupted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
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},
{
"form": "abrupted",
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"past"
]
}
],
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"args": {},
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}
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1642, Tho[mas] Browne, “(please specify the page)”, in Religio Medici. […], 4th edition, London: […] E. Cotes for Andrew Crook […], published 1656, →OCLC:",
"text": "Till death abrupts them.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To tear off or asunder."
],
"id": "en-abrupt-en-verb-hqGlcVcT",
"links": [
[
"asunder",
"asunder"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To tear off or asunder."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to tear off or asunder",
"word": "afbreken"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to tear off or asunder",
"word": "scheiden"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to tear off or asunder",
"word": "erottaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to tear off or asunder",
"word": "abscindir"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To interrupt suddenly."
],
"id": "en-abrupt-en-verb-PukvTHXk",
"links": [
[
"interrupt",
"interrupt"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to interrupt suddenly",
"word": "keskeyttää"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to interrupt suddenly",
"word": "abscindir"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to interrupt suddenly",
"word": "interromper"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbɹʌpt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/æbˈɹʌpt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-abrupt.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/En-us-abrupt.ogg/En-us-abrupt.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/En-us-abrupt.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌpt"
}
],
"word": "abrupt"
}
{
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{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "abruptus",
"4": "",
"5": "broken off"
},
"expansion": "Latin abruptus (“broken off”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in 1583. Borrowed from Latin abruptus (“broken off”), perfect passive participle of abrumpō (“break off”), formed from ab (“from, away from”) + rumpō (“to break”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abrupts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"args": {},
"expansion": "abrupt (plural abrupts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
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{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book II”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "Over the vast abrupt.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something which is abrupt; an abyss."
],
"id": "en-abrupt-en-noun-CYyVM9KO",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"abrupt",
"#Adjective"
],
[
"abyss",
"abyss"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) Something which is abrupt; an abyss."
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "abyss",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kloof"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbɹʌpt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/æbˈɹʌpt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-abrupt.ogg",
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{
"rhymes": "-ʌpt"
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],
"word": "abrupt"
}
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hrewp-",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Requests for review of Tamil translations",
"Requests for review of Ukrainian translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌpt",
"Rhymes:English/ʌpt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abrupt appearance"
},
{
"word": "abrupt appearance theory"
},
{
"word": "abruptic"
},
{
"word": "abruption"
},
{
"word": "abruptly"
},
{
"word": "abruptness"
},
{
"word": "nonabrupt"
},
{
"word": "theory of abrupt appearance"
},
{
"word": "unabrupt"
}
],
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"3": "abruptus",
"4": "",
"5": "broken off"
},
"expansion": "Latin abruptus (“broken off”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in 1583. Borrowed from Latin abruptus (“broken off”), perfect passive participle of abrumpō (“break off”), formed from ab (“from, away from”) + rumpō (“to break”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more abrupt",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "abrupter",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "most abrupt",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "abruptest",
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]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Broken away (from restraint)."
],
"links": [
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"The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles",
"w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary"
],
[
"Oxford University Press",
"w:Oxford University Press"
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"(obsolete, rare) Broken away (from restraint)."
],
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"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The party came to an abrupt end when the parents of our host arrived.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1592, William Shakespeare, Henry VI Part I, II-iii:",
"text": "The cause of your abrupt departure.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “Success”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 76:",
"text": "There was something in this abrupt allusion to the treasured and hidden past, that at once shocked and silenced Norbourne. He was annoyed to find that his heart's sweetest secret was in the possession of one so little likely to keep it;...",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 January 28, Kiran Millwood Hargrave, The Mercies, →ISBN, page 130:",
"text": "'Is it a slickstone?' she asks, and Maren snorts, an abrupt sound, bringing her hand up to her mouth.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Without notice to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; hasty; unceremonious."
],
"links": [
[
"sudden",
"sudden"
],
[
"hasty",
"hasty"
],
[
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"unceremonious"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1841 February–November, Charles Dickens, “Barnaby Rudge. Chapter 12.”, in Master Humphrey’s Clock, volume II, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, page 301:",
"text": "With no great disparity between them in point of years, they were, in every other respect, as unlike and far removed from each other as two men could well be. The one was soft-spoken, delicately made, precise, and elegant; the other, a burly square-built man, negligently dressed, rough and abrupt in manner, stern, and, in his present mood, forbidding both in look and speech.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Curt in manner."
],
"links": [
[
"Curt",
"curt"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brusque"
},
{
"word": "rude"
},
{
"word": "uncivil"
},
{
"word": "impolite"
},
{
"word": "terse"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1641, Ben Jonson, Discoveries Made upon Men and Matter:",
"text": "The abrupt style, which hath many breaches.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having sudden transitions from one subject or state to another; unconnected; disjointed."
],
"links": [
[
"transitions",
"transitions"
],
[
"unconnected",
"unconnected"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Broken off."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Broken off."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Summer”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC:",
"text": "The mazy-running brook\nForms a deep pool; this bank abrupt and high.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1961 October, \"\"Voyageur\"\", “The Cockermouth, Keswick & Penrith Railway”, in Trains Illustrated, page 601:",
"text": "To the north the towering scree-strewn slopes of Saddleback begin to draw nearer as we start the abrupt descent towards Keswick.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Extremely steep or craggy as if broken up; precipitous."
],
"links": [
[
"steep",
"steep"
],
[
"craggy",
"craggy"
],
[
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"precipitous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"en:Botany"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1839, William Baxter, British Phænogamous Botany, →OCLC:",
"text": "Root oblong, blackish, nearly the thickness of the little finger, often growing obliquely; abrupt at the lower end, so as to appear as if bitten off, furnished with long whitish fibres.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suddenly terminating, as if cut off; truncate."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"terminating",
"terminating"
],
[
"cut off",
"cut off"
],
[
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"truncate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) Suddenly terminating, as if cut off; truncate."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbɹʌpt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/æbˈɹʌpt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌpt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "precipitous",
"word": "broken"
},
{
"sense": "precipitous",
"word": "rough"
},
{
"sense": "precipitous",
"word": "rugged"
},
{
"sense": "without time to prepare",
"word": "sudden"
},
{
"word": "sudden"
},
{
"sense": "uncivil",
"word": "blunt"
},
{
"sense": "uncivil",
"word": "brusque"
},
{
"sense": "without transition",
"word": "disconnected"
},
{
"sense": "without transition",
"word": "unexpected"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "strǎmen",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "стръмен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abrupte"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "brat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "steil"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "äkkijyrkkä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abrupt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abrupt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "jäh"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "schroff"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "steil"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apókrimnos",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "απόκρημνος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apótomos",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "απότομος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "talul",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "תלול"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abrupta"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "eskarpa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abruptus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "stŕmen",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "стр́мен"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "mote"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "brå"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "bratt"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "steil"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abrupto"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abrupt"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krutój",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "круто́й"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obrývistyj",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "обры́вистый"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "abrupto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "extremely steep",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mubāḡit",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُبَاغِت"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mufājiʔ",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُفَاجِئ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "raptóŭny",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рапто́ўны"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rjazǎk",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "рязък"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vnezapen",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "внезапен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "abrupte"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "pludselig"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "uformodet"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "abrupt"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "plots"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "bruusk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "äkillinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "odottamaton"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "brusque"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "precipité"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "abrupt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "jäh"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aifnídios",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αιφνίδιος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aprosdókitos",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "απροσδόκητος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xafnikós",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ξαφνικός"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "tobann"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "improvviso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "inaspettato"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "abruptus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nenádeen",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "нена́деен"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nágol",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "на́гол"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "f’daqqa"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "ta’ malajr"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "ohotata"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "whawhati tata"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "brå"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "plutselig"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "uventet"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "nagłe"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "abrupto"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vnezápnyj",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "внеза́пный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neožídannyj",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "неожи́данный"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "nágao"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "nȅnādan"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "ȉznenādan"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "repentino"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "súbito"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "abrupto"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "akasmāttugā",
"sense": "without notice",
"word": "అకస్మాత్తుగా"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "raptóvyj",
"sense": "without notice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рапто́вий"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rjazǎk",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "рязък"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezceremonen",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "безцеремонен"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "kortaf"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "bruusk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "töksähtävä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "karkea"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "brusque"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "einsiblig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "wortkarg"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "kurz angebunden"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apótomos",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "απότομος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "koftós",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κοφτός"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "bruska"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "gearrbhéalach"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "óstar",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "о́стар"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rézok",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "ре́зок"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "ta’ mod goff"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "whakatumatuma"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "brå"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "skarp"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "rude"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "besceremónnyj",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "бесцеремо́нный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rézkij",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "ре́зкий"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "ȍsōran"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "abrupto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "cortante"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "curt in manner",
"word": "swta"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "abrupte"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "hortend"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "onsamenhangend"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "äkillinen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "abrupt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "jäh"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "asynechís",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ασυνεχής"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "abrupta"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "bruska"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "discontinuo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "discontinua"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "sconnesso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "sconnessa"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "abruptus"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "whawhati tata"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "brå"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "plutselig"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "abrupto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having sudden transitions from one state to next",
"word": "abrupto"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "botany: truncated",
"word": "afgeknot"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "botany: truncated",
"word": "katkaistu"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "botany: truncated",
"word": "abgestumpft"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "botany: truncated",
"word": "abrupto"
}
],
"word": "abrupt"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hrewp-",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Requests for review of Tamil translations",
"Requests for review of Ukrainian translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌpt",
"Rhymes:English/ʌpt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abruptedly"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "abruptus",
"4": "",
"5": "broken off"
},
"expansion": "Latin abruptus (“broken off”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in 1583. Borrowed from Latin abruptus (“broken off”), perfect passive participle of abrumpō (“break off”), formed from ab (“from, away from”) + rumpō (“to break”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abrupts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abrupting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abrupted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "abrupted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abrupt (third-person singular simple present abrupts, present participle abrupting, simple past and past participle abrupted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1642, Tho[mas] Browne, “(please specify the page)”, in Religio Medici. […], 4th edition, London: […] E. Cotes for Andrew Crook […], published 1656, →OCLC:",
"text": "Till death abrupts them.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To tear off or asunder."
],
"links": [
[
"asunder",
"asunder"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To tear off or asunder."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To interrupt suddenly."
],
"links": [
[
"interrupt",
"interrupt"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbɹʌpt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/æbˈɹʌpt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-abrupt.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/En-us-abrupt.ogg/En-us-abrupt.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/En-us-abrupt.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌpt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to tear off or asunder",
"word": "afbreken"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to tear off or asunder",
"word": "scheiden"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to tear off or asunder",
"word": "erottaa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to tear off or asunder",
"word": "abscindir"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to interrupt suddenly",
"word": "keskeyttää"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to interrupt suddenly",
"word": "abscindir"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to interrupt suddenly",
"word": "interromper"
}
],
"word": "abrupt"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hrewp-",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Requests for review of Tamil translations",
"Requests for review of Ukrainian translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌpt",
"Rhymes:English/ʌpt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "abruptus",
"4": "",
"5": "broken off"
},
"expansion": "Latin abruptus (“broken off”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in 1583. Borrowed from Latin abruptus (“broken off”), perfect passive participle of abrumpō (“break off”), formed from ab (“from, away from”) + rumpō (“to break”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abrupts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abrupt (plural abrupts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book II”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "Over the vast abrupt.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something which is abrupt; an abyss."
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"abrupt",
"#Adjective"
],
[
"abyss",
"abyss"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) Something which is abrupt; an abyss."
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbɹʌpt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/æbˈɹʌpt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-abrupt.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/En-us-abrupt.ogg/En-us-abrupt.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/En-us-abrupt.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌpt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "abyss",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kloof"
}
],
"word": "abrupt"
}
Download raw JSONL data for abrupt meaning in English (28.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.