See 研究 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 研究 meaning in Chinese (24.7kB)
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "zh:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "研究",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yánzhì",
"word": "研製"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yánzhì",
"word": "研制"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to conduct research",
"roman": "jìnxíng yánjiū",
"text": "進行研究／进行研究",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "research direction",
"roman": "yánjiū fāngxiàng",
"text": "研究方向",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "research method",
"roman": "yánjiū fāngfǎ",
"text": "研究方法",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "research findings",
"roman": "yánjiū chéngguǒ",
"text": "研究成果",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "scientific research",
"roman": "kēxué yánjiū",
"text": "科學研究／科学研究",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "research subject",
"roman": "yánjiū duìxiàng",
"text": "研究對象／研究对象",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to research and develop; to do R&D",
"roman": "yánjiū kāifā",
"text": "研究開發／研究开发",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to research; to study"
],
"id": "en-研究-zh-verb-iu6l2bRz",
"links": [
[
"research",
"research"
],
[
"study",
"study"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, transitive) to research; to study"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 9 56",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "zh:Talking",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This problem requires discussion.",
"ref": "這個問題有待研究。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "这个问题有待研究。 [MSC, simp.]\nZhège wèntí yǒudài yánjiū. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to deliberate; to discuss; to investigate"
],
"id": "en-研究-zh-verb-yc0cOQnM",
"links": [
[
"deliberate",
"deliberate"
],
[
"discuss",
"discuss"
],
[
"investigate",
"investigate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to deliberate; to discuss; to investigate"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "янҗю"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "i͡anži͡u"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "I-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "jin⁴ gau³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiên-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiân-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngan¹ giu¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "ngiĕng-géu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gián-kiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiêng⁵ giu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiang⁵ giu³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹gni-cieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ˙ㄐㄧㄡ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjio̊u"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "yen²-chiu⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yán-jyou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yan.jiou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "яньцзю"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "janʹczju"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /jɛn³⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯oʊ̯³/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "yen²-chiu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yán-jyòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yanjiow"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/iæ̃²⁴ t͡ɕiou²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yìhn gau"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jin⁴ gau³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "yin⁴ geo³"
},
{
"ipa": "/jiːn²¹ kɐu̯³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiên-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngien´ giu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngian¹ giu⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiân-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ngian´ giu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ngian¹ giu⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋan⁴⁴ kiu⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiĕng-géu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiɛu²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "gián-kiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "giefnkiux"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiu⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiêng kiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiâng kiù"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹gni-cieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "'nyi^平 cieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹'nyi-jieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/n̠ʲi⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɤ²¹/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "ngenH kjuwH"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯oʊ̯³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/iæ̃²⁴ t͡ɕiou²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jiːn²¹ kɐu̯³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋan⁴⁴ kiu⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiɛu²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiu⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̠ʲi⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɤ²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tàntǎo",
"word": "探討"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tàntǎo",
"word": "探讨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kōu",
"word": "摳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kōu",
"word": "抠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chákǎo",
"word": "查考"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yánxiū",
"word": "研修"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yánxí",
"word": "研習"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yánxí",
"word": "研习"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研討"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研讨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jīngyán",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "精研"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xìjiū",
"word": "細究"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xìjiū",
"word": "细究"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "考究"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "diàochá",
"word": "調查"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "diàochá",
"word": "调查"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "鑽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "钻"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zuānyán",
"word": "鑽研"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zuānyán",
"word": "钻研"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiāoshè",
"word": "交涉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "king1",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"informal"
],
"word": "傾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "king1",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"informal"
],
"word": "倾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xiéshāng",
"word": "協商"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xiéshāng",
"word": "协商"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xiéyì",
"word": "協議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xiéyì",
"word": "协议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kǒuyǔ",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "口語"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kǒuyǔ",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "口语"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "chiefly in an academic context",
"roman": "shāngquè",
"word": "商榷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shāngtǎo",
"word": "商討"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shāngtǎo",
"word": "商讨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shāngtán",
"word": "商談"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shāngtán",
"word": "商谈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shāngyì",
"word": "商議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shāngyì",
"word": "商议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shāngliang",
"word": "商量"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "接接"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiēqià",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "接洽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "huìtán",
"word": "會談"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "huìtán",
"word": "会谈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "槌摃鐵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "槌𫼱铁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "比接"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qiàshāng",
"word": "洽商"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qiàtán",
"word": "洽談"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qiàtán",
"word": "洽谈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shēnlùn",
"word": "申論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shēnlùn",
"word": "申论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "cuōshāng",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "磋商"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "cuōyì",
"word": "磋議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "cuōyì",
"word": "磋议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "móhé",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "磨合"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "觸牙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "触牙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yánshuō",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "言說"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yánshuō",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "言说"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yánlùn",
"word": "言論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yánlùn",
"word": "言论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yáncí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "言辭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yáncí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "言辞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jìmóu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "計謀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jìmóu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "计谋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jìyì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "計議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jìyì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "计议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "計較"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "计较"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tǎolùn",
"word": "討論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tǎolùn",
"word": "讨论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "評"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "评"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínglùn",
"word": "評論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pínglùn",
"word": "评论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "說"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "说"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shuōhé",
"word": "說合"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shuōhé",
"word": "说合"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tánpàn",
"word": "談判"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tánpàn",
"word": "谈判"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tánlùn",
"word": "談論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tánlùn",
"word": "谈论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "móulǜ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "謀慮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "móulǜ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "谋虑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yì",
"word": "議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yì",
"word": "议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yìlùn",
"word": "議論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yìlùn",
"word": "议论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "錦議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "锦议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chǎnlùn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "闡論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chǎnlùn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "阐论"
}
],
"word": "研究"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "zh:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "研究"
},
"expansion": "研究",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "研究",
"2": "けんきゅう",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "研究(けんきゅう) (kenkyū)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "연구(硏究)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 연구(硏究) (yeon'gu)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "研究",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "研究",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "nghiên cứu",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "研究"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: nghiên cứu (研究)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "研究",
"2": "けんきゅう",
"3": "연구",
"4": "nghiên cứu",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "硏究",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "研究",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "研究",
"v": "研究",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (研究):\n* → Japanese: 研究(けんきゅう) (kenkyū)\n* → Korean: 연구(硏究) (yeon'gu)\n* → Vietnamese: nghiên cứu (研究)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "けんきゅう",
"3": "연구",
"4": "nghiên cứu",
"h": "硏究"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (研究):\n* → Japanese: 研究(けんきゅう) (kenkyū)\n* → Korean: 연구(硏究) (yeon'gu)\n* → Vietnamese: nghiên cứu (研究)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (研究):\n* → Japanese: 研究(けんきゅう) (kenkyū)\n* → Korean: 연구(硏究) (yeon'gu)\n* → Vietnamese: nghiên cứu (研究)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "研究",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 項/项",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "50 11 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Beginning Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 8 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "中央研究院"
},
{
"word": "作業研究"
},
{
"word": "作业研究"
},
{
"roman": "gè'àn yánjiū",
"word": "個案研究"
},
{
"roman": "gè'àn yánjiū",
"word": "个案研究"
},
{
"roman": "qūyù yánjiū",
"word": "區域研究"
},
{
"roman": "qūyù yánjiū",
"word": "区域研究"
},
{
"roman": "nǚxìng yánjiū",
"word": "女性研究"
},
{
"roman": "fùnǚ yánjiū",
"word": "婦女研究"
},
{
"roman": "fùnǚ yánjiū",
"word": "妇女研究"
},
{
"word": "學術研究"
},
{
"word": "学术研究"
},
{
"roman": "shízhèng yánjiū",
"word": "實證研究"
},
{
"roman": "shízhèng yánjiū",
"word": "实证研究"
},
{
"roman": "dǐbiān yánjiū",
"word": "底邊研究"
},
{
"roman": "dǐbiān yánjiū",
"word": "底边研究"
},
{
"roman": "xìngbié yánjiū",
"word": "性別研究"
},
{
"roman": "xìngbié yánjiū",
"word": "性别研究"
},
{
"roman": "jiékè yánjiū",
"word": "捷克研究"
},
{
"roman": "wénhuà yánjiū",
"word": "文化研究"
},
{
"roman": "ànlì yánjiū",
"word": "案例研究"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūyuán",
"word": "研究員"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūyuán",
"word": "研究员"
},
{
"word": "研究室"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūjú",
"word": "研究局"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūsuǒ",
"word": "研究所"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūhuì",
"word": "研究會"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūhuì",
"word": "研究会"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūshēng",
"word": "研究生"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūzhě",
"word": "研究者"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūjīn",
"word": "研究金"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūyuàn",
"word": "研究院"
},
{
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研討"
},
{
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研讨"
},
{
"roman": "shèhuì yánjiū",
"word": "社會研究"
},
{
"roman": "shèhuì yánjiū",
"word": "社会研究"
},
{
"roman": "kēxué yánjiū",
"word": "科學研究"
},
{
"roman": "kēxué yánjiū",
"word": "科学研究"
},
{
"roman": "fānyì yánjiū",
"word": "翻譯研究"
},
{
"roman": "fānyì yánjiū",
"word": "翻译研究"
},
{
"word": "通信研究員"
},
{
"word": "通信研究员"
},
{
"roman": "yóupiào yánjiū",
"word": "郵票研究"
},
{
"roman": "yóupiào yánjiū",
"word": "邮票研究"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to conduct a research",
"roman": "zuò yī xiàng yánjiū",
"text": "做一項研究／做一项研究",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "feasibility study",
"roman": "kěxíngxìng yánjiū",
"text": "可行性研究",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"research; study; investigation (Classifier: 項／项 m)"
],
"id": "en-研究-zh-noun-~Se5GULA",
"links": [
[
"research",
"research"
],
[
"study",
"study"
],
[
"investigation",
"investigation"
],
[
"項",
"項#Chinese"
],
[
"项",
"项#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable) research; study; investigation (Classifier: 項／项 m)"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "wéixué",
"word": "為學"
},
{
"roman": "wéixué",
"word": "为学"
},
{
"roman": "zhìxué",
"word": "治學"
},
{
"roman": "zhìxué",
"word": "治学"
},
{
"roman": "zuò xuéwèn",
"word": "做學問"
},
{
"roman": "zuò xuéwèn",
"word": "做学问"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "diàochá",
"sense": "investigation",
"word": "調查"
},
{
"roman": "diàochá",
"sense": "investigation",
"word": "调查"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "янҗю"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "i͡anži͡u"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "I-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "jin⁴ gau³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiên-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiân-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngan¹ giu¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "ngiĕng-géu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gián-kiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiêng⁵ giu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiang⁵ giu³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹gni-cieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ˙ㄐㄧㄡ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjio̊u"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "yen²-chiu⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yán-jyou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yan.jiou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "яньцзю"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "janʹczju"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /jɛn³⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯oʊ̯³/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "yen²-chiu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yán-jyòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yanjiow"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/iæ̃²⁴ t͡ɕiou²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yìhn gau"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jin⁴ gau³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "yin⁴ geo³"
},
{
"ipa": "/jiːn²¹ kɐu̯³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiên-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngien´ giu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngian¹ giu⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiân-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ngian´ giu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ngian¹ giu⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋan⁴⁴ kiu⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiĕng-géu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiɛu²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "gián-kiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "giefnkiux"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiu⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiêng kiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiâng kiù"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹gni-cieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "'nyi^平 cieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹'nyi-jieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/n̠ʲi⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɤ²¹/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "ngenH kjuwH"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯oʊ̯³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/iæ̃²⁴ t͡ɕiou²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jiːn²¹ kɐu̯³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋan⁴⁴ kiu⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiɛu²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiu⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̠ʲi⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɤ²¹/"
}
],
"word": "研究"
}
{
"categories": [
"Beginning Mandarin",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Eastern Min verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"zh:Education",
"zh:Talking"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "研究",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"roman": "yánzhì",
"word": "研製"
},
{
"roman": "yánzhì",
"word": "研制"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese intransitive verbs",
"Chinese transitive verbs",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to conduct research",
"roman": "jìnxíng yánjiū",
"text": "進行研究／进行研究",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "research direction",
"roman": "yánjiū fāngxiàng",
"text": "研究方向",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "research method",
"roman": "yánjiū fāngfǎ",
"text": "研究方法",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "research findings",
"roman": "yánjiū chéngguǒ",
"text": "研究成果",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "scientific research",
"roman": "kēxué yánjiū",
"text": "科學研究／科学研究",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "research subject",
"roman": "yánjiū duìxiàng",
"text": "研究對象／研究对象",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to research and develop; to do R&D",
"roman": "yánjiū kāifā",
"text": "研究開發／研究开发",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to research; to study"
],
"links": [
[
"research",
"research"
],
[
"study",
"study"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, transitive) to research; to study"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese transitive verbs",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This problem requires discussion.",
"ref": "這個問題有待研究。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "这个问题有待研究。 [MSC, simp.]\nZhège wèntí yǒudài yánjiū. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to deliberate; to discuss; to investigate"
],
"links": [
[
"deliberate",
"deliberate"
],
[
"discuss",
"discuss"
],
[
"investigate",
"investigate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to deliberate; to discuss; to investigate"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "янҗю"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "i͡anži͡u"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "I-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "jin⁴ gau³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiên-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiân-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngan¹ giu¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "ngiĕng-géu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gián-kiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiêng⁵ giu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiang⁵ giu³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹gni-cieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ˙ㄐㄧㄡ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjio̊u"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "yen²-chiu⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yán-jyou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yan.jiou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "яньцзю"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "janʹczju"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /jɛn³⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯oʊ̯³/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "yen²-chiu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yán-jyòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yanjiow"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/iæ̃²⁴ t͡ɕiou²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yìhn gau"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jin⁴ gau³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "yin⁴ geo³"
},
{
"ipa": "/jiːn²¹ kɐu̯³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiên-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngien´ giu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngian¹ giu⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiân-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ngian´ giu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ngian¹ giu⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋan⁴⁴ kiu⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiĕng-géu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiɛu²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "gián-kiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "giefnkiux"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiu⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiêng kiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiâng kiù"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹gni-cieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "'nyi^平 cieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹'nyi-jieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/n̠ʲi⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɤ²¹/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "ngenH kjuwH"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯oʊ̯³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/iæ̃²⁴ t͡ɕiou²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jiːn²¹ kɐu̯³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋan⁴⁴ kiu⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiɛu²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiu⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̠ʲi⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɤ²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tàntǎo",
"word": "探討"
},
{
"roman": "tàntǎo",
"word": "探讨"
},
{
"roman": "kōu",
"word": "摳"
},
{
"roman": "kōu",
"word": "抠"
},
{
"roman": "chákǎo",
"word": "查考"
},
{
"roman": "yánxiū",
"word": "研修"
},
{
"roman": "yánxí",
"word": "研習"
},
{
"roman": "yánxí",
"word": "研习"
},
{
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研討"
},
{
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研讨"
},
{
"roman": "jīngyán",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "精研"
},
{
"roman": "xìjiū",
"word": "細究"
},
{
"roman": "xìjiū",
"word": "细究"
},
{
"word": "考究"
},
{
"roman": "diàochá",
"word": "調查"
},
{
"roman": "diàochá",
"word": "调查"
},
{
"word": "鑽"
},
{
"word": "钻"
},
{
"roman": "zuānyán",
"word": "鑽研"
},
{
"roman": "zuānyán",
"word": "钻研"
},
{
"roman": "jiāoshè",
"word": "交涉"
},
{
"english": "king1",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"informal"
],
"word": "傾"
},
{
"english": "king1",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"informal"
],
"word": "倾"
},
{
"roman": "xiéshāng",
"word": "協商"
},
{
"roman": "xiéshāng",
"word": "协商"
},
{
"roman": "xiéyì",
"word": "協議"
},
{
"roman": "xiéyì",
"word": "协议"
},
{
"roman": "kǒuyǔ",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "口語"
},
{
"roman": "kǒuyǔ",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "口语"
},
{
"english": "chiefly in an academic context",
"roman": "shāngquè",
"word": "商榷"
},
{
"roman": "shāngtǎo",
"word": "商討"
},
{
"roman": "shāngtǎo",
"word": "商讨"
},
{
"roman": "shāngtán",
"word": "商談"
},
{
"roman": "shāngtán",
"word": "商谈"
},
{
"roman": "shāngyì",
"word": "商議"
},
{
"roman": "shāngyì",
"word": "商议"
},
{
"roman": "shāngliang",
"word": "商量"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "接接"
},
{
"roman": "jiēqià",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "接洽"
},
{
"roman": "huìtán",
"word": "會談"
},
{
"roman": "huìtán",
"word": "会谈"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "槌摃鐵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "槌𫼱铁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "比接"
},
{
"roman": "qiàshāng",
"word": "洽商"
},
{
"roman": "qiàtán",
"word": "洽談"
},
{
"roman": "qiàtán",
"word": "洽谈"
},
{
"roman": "shēnlùn",
"word": "申論"
},
{
"roman": "shēnlùn",
"word": "申论"
},
{
"roman": "cuōshāng",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "磋商"
},
{
"roman": "cuōyì",
"word": "磋議"
},
{
"roman": "cuōyì",
"word": "磋议"
},
{
"roman": "móhé",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "磨合"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "觸牙"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "触牙"
},
{
"roman": "yánshuō",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "言說"
},
{
"roman": "yánshuō",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "言说"
},
{
"roman": "yánlùn",
"word": "言論"
},
{
"roman": "yánlùn",
"word": "言论"
},
{
"roman": "yáncí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "言辭"
},
{
"roman": "yáncí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "言辞"
},
{
"roman": "jìmóu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "計謀"
},
{
"roman": "jìmóu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "计谋"
},
{
"roman": "jìyì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "計議"
},
{
"roman": "jìyì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "计议"
},
{
"word": "計較"
},
{
"word": "计较"
},
{
"roman": "tǎolùn",
"word": "討論"
},
{
"roman": "tǎolùn",
"word": "讨论"
},
{
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "評"
},
{
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "评"
},
{
"roman": "pínglùn",
"word": "評論"
},
{
"roman": "pínglùn",
"word": "评论"
},
{
"word": "說"
},
{
"word": "说"
},
{
"roman": "shuōhé",
"word": "說合"
},
{
"roman": "shuōhé",
"word": "说合"
},
{
"roman": "tánpàn",
"word": "談判"
},
{
"roman": "tánpàn",
"word": "谈判"
},
{
"roman": "tánlùn",
"word": "談論"
},
{
"roman": "tánlùn",
"word": "谈论"
},
{
"roman": "móulǜ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "謀慮"
},
{
"roman": "móulǜ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "谋虑"
},
{
"roman": "yì",
"word": "議"
},
{
"roman": "yì",
"word": "议"
},
{
"roman": "yìlùn",
"word": "議論"
},
{
"roman": "yìlùn",
"word": "议论"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "錦議"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "锦议"
},
{
"roman": "chǎnlùn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "闡論"
},
{
"roman": "chǎnlùn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "阐论"
}
],
"word": "研究"
}
{
"categories": [
"Beginning Mandarin",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Eastern Min verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"zh:Education",
"zh:Talking"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "中央研究院"
},
{
"word": "作業研究"
},
{
"word": "作业研究"
},
{
"roman": "gè'àn yánjiū",
"word": "個案研究"
},
{
"roman": "gè'àn yánjiū",
"word": "个案研究"
},
{
"roman": "qūyù yánjiū",
"word": "區域研究"
},
{
"roman": "qūyù yánjiū",
"word": "区域研究"
},
{
"roman": "nǚxìng yánjiū",
"word": "女性研究"
},
{
"roman": "fùnǚ yánjiū",
"word": "婦女研究"
},
{
"roman": "fùnǚ yánjiū",
"word": "妇女研究"
},
{
"word": "學術研究"
},
{
"word": "学术研究"
},
{
"roman": "shízhèng yánjiū",
"word": "實證研究"
},
{
"roman": "shízhèng yánjiū",
"word": "实证研究"
},
{
"roman": "dǐbiān yánjiū",
"word": "底邊研究"
},
{
"roman": "dǐbiān yánjiū",
"word": "底边研究"
},
{
"roman": "xìngbié yánjiū",
"word": "性別研究"
},
{
"roman": "xìngbié yánjiū",
"word": "性别研究"
},
{
"roman": "jiékè yánjiū",
"word": "捷克研究"
},
{
"roman": "wénhuà yánjiū",
"word": "文化研究"
},
{
"roman": "ànlì yánjiū",
"word": "案例研究"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūyuán",
"word": "研究員"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūyuán",
"word": "研究员"
},
{
"word": "研究室"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūjú",
"word": "研究局"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūsuǒ",
"word": "研究所"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūhuì",
"word": "研究會"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūhuì",
"word": "研究会"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūshēng",
"word": "研究生"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūzhě",
"word": "研究者"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūjīn",
"word": "研究金"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiūyuàn",
"word": "研究院"
},
{
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研討"
},
{
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研讨"
},
{
"roman": "shèhuì yánjiū",
"word": "社會研究"
},
{
"roman": "shèhuì yánjiū",
"word": "社会研究"
},
{
"roman": "kēxué yánjiū",
"word": "科學研究"
},
{
"roman": "kēxué yánjiū",
"word": "科学研究"
},
{
"roman": "fānyì yánjiū",
"word": "翻譯研究"
},
{
"roman": "fānyì yánjiū",
"word": "翻译研究"
},
{
"word": "通信研究員"
},
{
"word": "通信研究员"
},
{
"roman": "yóupiào yánjiū",
"word": "郵票研究"
},
{
"roman": "yóupiào yánjiū",
"word": "邮票研究"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "研究"
},
"expansion": "研究",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "研究",
"2": "けんきゅう",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "研究(けんきゅう) (kenkyū)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "연구(硏究)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 연구(硏究) (yeon'gu)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "研究",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "研究",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "nghiên cứu",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "研究"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: nghiên cứu (研究)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "研究",
"2": "けんきゅう",
"3": "연구",
"4": "nghiên cứu",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "硏究",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "研究",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "研究",
"v": "研究",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (研究):\n* → Japanese: 研究(けんきゅう) (kenkyū)\n* → Korean: 연구(硏究) (yeon'gu)\n* → Vietnamese: nghiên cứu (研究)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "けんきゅう",
"3": "연구",
"4": "nghiên cứu",
"h": "硏究"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (研究):\n* → Japanese: 研究(けんきゅう) (kenkyū)\n* → Korean: 연구(硏究) (yeon'gu)\n* → Vietnamese: nghiên cứu (研究)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (研究):\n* → Japanese: 研究(けんきゅう) (kenkyū)\n* → Korean: 연구(硏究) (yeon'gu)\n* → Vietnamese: nghiên cứu (研究)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "研究",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "wéixué",
"word": "為學"
},
{
"roman": "wéixué",
"word": "为学"
},
{
"roman": "zhìxué",
"word": "治學"
},
{
"roman": "zhìxué",
"word": "治学"
},
{
"roman": "zuò xuéwèn",
"word": "做學問"
},
{
"roman": "zuò xuéwèn",
"word": "做学问"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese countable nouns",
"Chinese nouns classified by 項/项",
"Chinese uncountable nouns",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to conduct a research",
"roman": "zuò yī xiàng yánjiū",
"text": "做一項研究／做一项研究",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "feasibility study",
"roman": "kěxíngxìng yánjiū",
"text": "可行性研究",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"research; study; investigation (Classifier: 項／项 m)"
],
"links": [
[
"research",
"research"
],
[
"study",
"study"
],
[
"investigation",
"investigation"
],
[
"項",
"項#Chinese"
],
[
"项",
"项#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable) research; study; investigation (Classifier: 項／项 m)"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "янҗю"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "i͡anži͡u"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "I-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "jin⁴ gau³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiên-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiân-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngan¹ giu¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "ngiĕng-géu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gián-kiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiêng⁵ giu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiang⁵ giu³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹gni-cieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ˙ㄐㄧㄡ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjio̊u"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "yen²-chiu⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yán-jyou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yan.jiou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "яньцзю"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "janʹczju"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /jɛn³⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯oʊ̯³/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "yánjiòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "yen²-chiu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yán-jyòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yanjiow"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/iæ̃²⁴ t͡ɕiou²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yìhn gau"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jin⁴ gau³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "yin⁴ geo³"
},
{
"ipa": "/jiːn²¹ kɐu̯³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiên-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngien´ giu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngian¹ giu⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiân-kiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ngian´ giu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ngian¹ giu⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋan⁴⁴ kiu⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiĕng-géu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiɛu²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "gián-kiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "giefnkiux"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiu⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiêng kiù"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ngiâng kiù"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹gni-cieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "'nyi^平 cieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹'nyi-jieu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/n̠ʲi⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɤ²¹/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "ngenH kjuwH"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯oʊ̯³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/iæ̃²⁴ t͡ɕiou²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jiːn²¹ kɐu̯³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋi̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯u⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋan⁴⁴ kiu⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiɛu²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiu⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiu¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋieŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̠ʲi⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɤ²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "diàochá",
"sense": "investigation",
"word": "調查"
},
{
"roman": "diàochá",
"sense": "investigation",
"word": "调查"
}
],
"word": "研究"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"研究"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "研究",
"trace": "started on line 86, detected on line 92"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"研究"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "研究",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺'",
"path": [
"研究"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "研究",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"研究"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "研究",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"研究"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "研究",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"研究"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "研究",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"研究"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "研究",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺'",
"path": [
"研究"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "研究",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"研究"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "研究",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"研究"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "研究",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"研究"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "研究",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"研究"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "研究",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"研究"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "研究",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"研究"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "研究",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.