See 討論 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 討論 meaning in Chinese (14.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研討"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研讨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tǎolùnhuì",
"word": "討論會"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tǎolùnhuì",
"word": "讨论会"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tǎolùngǎo",
"word": "討論稿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tǎolùngǎo",
"word": "讨论稿"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "討論"
},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "討論",
"2": "とうろん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "討論(とうろん) (tōron)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "토론(討論)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "討論",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "thảo luận",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "討論"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "討論",
"2": "とうろん",
"3": "토론",
"4": "thảo luận",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "討論",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "討論",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "討論",
"v": "討論",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (討論):\n* → Japanese: 討論(とうろん) (tōron)\n* → Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "討論",
"2": "とうろん",
"3": "토론",
"4": "thảo luận"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (討論):\n* → Japanese: 討論(とうろん) (tōron)\n* → Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (討論):\n* → Japanese: 討論(とうろん) (tōron)\n* → Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "chàngtán",
"word": "暢談"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "chàngtán",
"word": "畅谈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "liáotiān",
"word": "聊天"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 37 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Beginning Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 33 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 15 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "zh:Talking",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You can join in their discussion.",
"ref": "你可以參與他們的討論。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "你可以参与他们的讨论。 [MSC, simp.]\nNǐ kěyǐ cānyù tāmen de tǎolùn. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "They discussed the matter in detail, and finally came to an understanding.",
"ref": "他們詳細討論了這件事，結果達成諒解。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "他们详细讨论了这件事，结果达成谅解。 [MSC, simp.]\nTāmen xiángxì tǎolùn le zhè jiàn shì, jiéguǒ dáchéng liàngjiě. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You had better host this discussion.",
"ref": "這個討論還是由你來主持。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "这个讨论还是由你来主持。 [MSC, simp.]\nZhège tǎolùn háishì yóu nǐ lái zhǔchí. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to discuss; to talk over"
],
"id": "en-討論-zh-verb-jr1YM~QH",
"links": [
[
"discuss",
"discuss"
],
[
"talk over",
"talk over"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Master said, \"In preparing the governmental notifications, Pi Chen first made the rough draft; Shi Shu examined and discussed its contents; Zi Yu, the manager of foreign intercourse, then polished the style; and, finally, Zi Chan of Dong Li gave it the proper elegance and finish.\"",
"ref": "子曰：「為命：裨諶草創之，世叔討論之，行人子羽修飾之，東里子產潤色之。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "子曰：「为命：裨谌草创之，世叔讨论之，行人子羽修饰之，东里子产润色之。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nZǐyuē: “Wéi mìng: Píchén cǎochuàng zhī, Shìshū tǎolùn zhī, xíngrén Zǐyǔ xiūshì zhī, Dōnglǐ Zǐchǎn rùnsè zhī.” [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "[He] examined and arranged the old literary monuments and records, deciding to commence with Tang and Yu, and to come down to the times of Zhou.",
"ref": "討論墳典，斷自唐虞以下訖於周。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "讨论坟典，断自唐虞以下讫于周。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: c. 4th century, \"Pseudo-Kong Anguo\" (偽孔安國), Preface to the Book of Documents (《尚書序》). English translation based on the text by James Legge (1879).\nTǎolùn Fén Diǎn, duàn zì Tángyú yǐ xià qì yú Zhōu. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to edit critically; to examine and rectify a text"
],
"id": "en-討論-zh-verb-edbH1maI",
"links": [
[
"edit",
"edit"
],
[
"critically",
"critically"
],
[
"examine",
"examine"
],
[
"rectify",
"rectify"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, of texts) to edit critically; to examine and rectify a text"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of texts",
"of texts"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "But if we get to the bottom of it, we find that all this is illusive.",
"ref": "如討論之，乃虛妄也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "如讨论之，乃虚妄也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Wang Chong, Lun Heng (Discussive Weighing), 80 CE, translated based on Alfred Forke's version\nRú tǎolùn zhī, nǎi xūwàng yě. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to study; to investigate; to research"
],
"id": "en-討論-zh-verb-E7~uvhbu",
"links": [
[
"study",
"study"
],
[
"investigate",
"investigate"
],
[
"research",
"research"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to study; to investigate; to research"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎolùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄊㄠˇ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "tou² leon⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lun"
},
{
"tags": [],
"zh-pron": "tō̤-lâung"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lūn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "to² lung⁶"
},
{
"tags": [],
"zh-pron": "⁵thau-len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎolùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎolùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tʻao³-lun⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎu-lwùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "taoluenn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "таолунь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "taolunʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tóu leuhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tou² loen⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "tou² lên⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯³⁵ lɵn²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "to` lun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "to³ lun⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³¹ lun⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "tō̤-lâung"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³³⁻⁵⁵ l̃ɑuŋ²⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lūn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "toylun"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lun⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "thó lŭng"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵²⁻³⁵ luŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵thau-len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "thau^去 len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²thau-len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/tʰɔ³³ lən⁴⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "thawX lwon|lwonH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[t]ʰˤuʔ [r]ˤu[n]|[r]ˤu[n]-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*tʰuːʔ ruːn|ruːns/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯³⁵ lɵn²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³¹ lun⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³³⁻⁵⁵ l̃ɑuŋ²⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lun⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵²⁻³⁵ luŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ³³ lən⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*tʰuːʔ ruːn|ruːns/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāoshè",
"word": "交涉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "king1",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"informal"
],
"word": "傾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "king1",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"informal"
],
"word": "倾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "xiéshāng",
"word": "協商"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "xiéshāng",
"word": "协商"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "xiéyì",
"word": "協議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "xiéyì",
"word": "协议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "kǒuyǔ",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "口語"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "kǒuyǔ",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "口语"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "chiefly in an academic context",
"roman": "shāngquè",
"word": "商榷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shāngtǎo",
"word": "商討"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shāngtǎo",
"word": "商讨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shāngtán",
"word": "商談"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shāngtán",
"word": "商谈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shāngyì",
"word": "商議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shāngyì",
"word": "商议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shāngliang",
"word": "商量"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "接接"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiēqià",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "接洽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "huìtán",
"word": "會談"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "huìtán",
"word": "会谈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "槌摃鐵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "槌𫼱铁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "比接"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "qiàshāng",
"word": "洽商"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "qiàtán",
"word": "洽談"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "qiàtán",
"word": "洽谈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shēnlùn",
"word": "申論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shēnlùn",
"word": "申论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yánjiū",
"word": "研究"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "cuōshāng",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "磋商"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "cuōyì",
"word": "磋議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "cuōyì",
"word": "磋议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "móhé",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "磨合"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "觸牙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "触牙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yánshuō",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "言說"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yánshuō",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "言说"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yánlùn",
"word": "言論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yánlùn",
"word": "言论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yáncí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "言辭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yáncí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "言辞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jìmóu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "計謀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jìmóu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "计谋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jìyì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "計議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jìyì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "计议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "計較"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "计较"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "評"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "评"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "pínglùn",
"word": "評論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "pínglùn",
"word": "评论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "說"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "说"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shuōhé",
"word": "說合"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shuōhé",
"word": "说合"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tánpàn",
"word": "談判"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tánpàn",
"word": "谈判"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tánlùn",
"word": "談論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tánlùn",
"word": "谈论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "móulǜ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "謀慮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "móulǜ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "谋虑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yì",
"word": "議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yì",
"word": "议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yìlùn",
"word": "議論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yìlùn",
"word": "议论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "錦議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "锦议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "chǎnlùn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "闡論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "chǎnlùn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "阐论"
}
],
"word": "討論"
}
{
"categories": [
"Beginning Mandarin",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"zh:Talking"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研討"
},
{
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研讨"
},
{
"roman": "tǎolùnhuì",
"word": "討論會"
},
{
"roman": "tǎolùnhuì",
"word": "讨论会"
},
{
"roman": "tǎolùngǎo",
"word": "討論稿"
},
{
"roman": "tǎolùngǎo",
"word": "讨论稿"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "討論"
},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "討論",
"2": "とうろん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "討論(とうろん) (tōron)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "토론(討論)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "討論",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "thảo luận",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "討論"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "討論",
"2": "とうろん",
"3": "토론",
"4": "thảo luận",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "討論",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "討論",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "討論",
"v": "討論",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (討論):\n* → Japanese: 討論(とうろん) (tōron)\n* → Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "討論",
"2": "とうろん",
"3": "토론",
"4": "thảo luận"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (討論):\n* → Japanese: 討論(とうろん) (tōron)\n* → Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (討論):\n* → Japanese: 討論(とうろん) (tōron)\n* → Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"roman": "chàngtán",
"word": "暢談"
},
{
"roman": "chàngtán",
"word": "畅谈"
},
{
"roman": "liáotiān",
"word": "聊天"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You can join in their discussion.",
"ref": "你可以參與他們的討論。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "你可以参与他们的讨论。 [MSC, simp.]\nNǐ kěyǐ cānyù tāmen de tǎolùn. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "They discussed the matter in detail, and finally came to an understanding.",
"ref": "他們詳細討論了這件事，結果達成諒解。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "他们详细讨论了这件事，结果达成谅解。 [MSC, simp.]\nTāmen xiángxì tǎolùn le zhè jiàn shì, jiéguǒ dáchéng liàngjiě. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You had better host this discussion.",
"ref": "這個討論還是由你來主持。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "这个讨论还是由你来主持。 [MSC, simp.]\nZhège tǎolùn háishì yóu nǐ lái zhǔchí. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to discuss; to talk over"
],
"links": [
[
"discuss",
"discuss"
],
[
"talk over",
"talk over"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Chinese literary terms",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Master said, \"In preparing the governmental notifications, Pi Chen first made the rough draft; Shi Shu examined and discussed its contents; Zi Yu, the manager of foreign intercourse, then polished the style; and, finally, Zi Chan of Dong Li gave it the proper elegance and finish.\"",
"ref": "子曰：「為命：裨諶草創之，世叔討論之，行人子羽修飾之，東里子產潤色之。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "子曰：「为命：裨谌草创之，世叔讨论之，行人子羽修饰之，东里子产润色之。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nZǐyuē: “Wéi mìng: Píchén cǎochuàng zhī, Shìshū tǎolùn zhī, xíngrén Zǐyǔ xiūshì zhī, Dōnglǐ Zǐchǎn rùnsè zhī.” [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "[He] examined and arranged the old literary monuments and records, deciding to commence with Tang and Yu, and to come down to the times of Zhou.",
"ref": "討論墳典，斷自唐虞以下訖於周。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "讨论坟典，断自唐虞以下讫于周。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: c. 4th century, \"Pseudo-Kong Anguo\" (偽孔安國), Preface to the Book of Documents (《尚書序》). English translation based on the text by James Legge (1879).\nTǎolùn Fén Diǎn, duàn zì Tángyú yǐ xià qì yú Zhōu. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to edit critically; to examine and rectify a text"
],
"links": [
[
"edit",
"edit"
],
[
"critically",
"critically"
],
[
"examine",
"examine"
],
[
"rectify",
"rectify"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, of texts) to edit critically; to examine and rectify a text"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of texts",
"of texts"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "But if we get to the bottom of it, we find that all this is illusive.",
"ref": "如討論之，乃虛妄也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "如讨论之，乃虚妄也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Wang Chong, Lun Heng (Discussive Weighing), 80 CE, translated based on Alfred Forke's version\nRú tǎolùn zhī, nǎi xūwàng yě. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to study; to investigate; to research"
],
"links": [
[
"study",
"study"
],
[
"investigate",
"investigate"
],
[
"research",
"research"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to study; to investigate; to research"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎolùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄊㄠˇ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "tou² leon⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lun"
},
{
"tags": [],
"zh-pron": "tō̤-lâung"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lūn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "to² lung⁶"
},
{
"tags": [],
"zh-pron": "⁵thau-len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎolùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎolùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tʻao³-lun⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎu-lwùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "taoluenn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "таолунь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "taolunʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tóu leuhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tou² loen⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "tou² lên⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯³⁵ lɵn²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "to` lun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "to³ lun⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³¹ lun⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "tō̤-lâung"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³³⁻⁵⁵ l̃ɑuŋ²⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lūn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "toylun"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lun⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "thó lŭng"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵²⁻³⁵ luŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵thau-len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "thau^去 len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²thau-len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/tʰɔ³³ lən⁴⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "thawX lwon|lwonH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[t]ʰˤuʔ [r]ˤu[n]|[r]ˤu[n]-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*tʰuːʔ ruːn|ruːns/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯³⁵ lɵn²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³¹ lun⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³³⁻⁵⁵ l̃ɑuŋ²⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lun⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵²⁻³⁵ luŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ³³ lən⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*tʰuːʔ ruːn|ruːns/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "jiāoshè",
"word": "交涉"
},
{
"english": "king1",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"informal"
],
"word": "傾"
},
{
"english": "king1",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"informal"
],
"word": "倾"
},
{
"roman": "xiéshāng",
"word": "協商"
},
{
"roman": "xiéshāng",
"word": "协商"
},
{
"roman": "xiéyì",
"word": "協議"
},
{
"roman": "xiéyì",
"word": "协议"
},
{
"roman": "kǒuyǔ",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "口語"
},
{
"roman": "kǒuyǔ",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "口语"
},
{
"english": "chiefly in an academic context",
"roman": "shāngquè",
"word": "商榷"
},
{
"roman": "shāngtǎo",
"word": "商討"
},
{
"roman": "shāngtǎo",
"word": "商讨"
},
{
"roman": "shāngtán",
"word": "商談"
},
{
"roman": "shāngtán",
"word": "商谈"
},
{
"roman": "shāngyì",
"word": "商議"
},
{
"roman": "shāngyì",
"word": "商议"
},
{
"roman": "shāngliang",
"word": "商量"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "接接"
},
{
"roman": "jiēqià",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "接洽"
},
{
"roman": "huìtán",
"word": "會談"
},
{
"roman": "huìtán",
"word": "会谈"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "槌摃鐵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "槌𫼱铁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "比接"
},
{
"roman": "qiàshāng",
"word": "洽商"
},
{
"roman": "qiàtán",
"word": "洽談"
},
{
"roman": "qiàtán",
"word": "洽谈"
},
{
"roman": "shēnlùn",
"word": "申論"
},
{
"roman": "shēnlùn",
"word": "申论"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiū",
"word": "研究"
},
{
"roman": "cuōshāng",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "磋商"
},
{
"roman": "cuōyì",
"word": "磋議"
},
{
"roman": "cuōyì",
"word": "磋议"
},
{
"roman": "móhé",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "磨合"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "觸牙"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "触牙"
},
{
"roman": "yánshuō",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "言說"
},
{
"roman": "yánshuō",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "言说"
},
{
"roman": "yánlùn",
"word": "言論"
},
{
"roman": "yánlùn",
"word": "言论"
},
{
"roman": "yáncí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "言辭"
},
{
"roman": "yáncí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "言辞"
},
{
"roman": "jìmóu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "計謀"
},
{
"roman": "jìmóu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "计谋"
},
{
"roman": "jìyì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "計議"
},
{
"roman": "jìyì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "计议"
},
{
"word": "計較"
},
{
"word": "计较"
},
{
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "評"
},
{
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "评"
},
{
"roman": "pínglùn",
"word": "評論"
},
{
"roman": "pínglùn",
"word": "评论"
},
{
"word": "說"
},
{
"word": "说"
},
{
"roman": "shuōhé",
"word": "說合"
},
{
"roman": "shuōhé",
"word": "说合"
},
{
"roman": "tánpàn",
"word": "談判"
},
{
"roman": "tánpàn",
"word": "谈判"
},
{
"roman": "tánlùn",
"word": "談論"
},
{
"roman": "tánlùn",
"word": "谈论"
},
{
"roman": "móulǜ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "謀慮"
},
{
"roman": "móulǜ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "谋虑"
},
{
"roman": "yì",
"word": "議"
},
{
"roman": "yì",
"word": "议"
},
{
"roman": "yìlùn",
"word": "議論"
},
{
"roman": "yìlùn",
"word": "议论"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "錦議"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "锦议"
},
{
"roman": "chǎnlùn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "闡論"
},
{
"roman": "chǎnlùn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "阐论"
}
],
"word": "討論"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.