See 討論 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 討論 meaning in All languages combined (26.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研討"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研讨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tǎolùnhuì",
"word": "討論會"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tǎolùnhuì",
"word": "讨论会"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tǎolùngǎo",
"word": "討論稿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tǎolùngǎo",
"word": "讨论稿"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "討論"
},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "討論",
"2": "とうろん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "討論(とうろん) (tōron)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "토론(討論)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "討論",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "thảo luận",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "討論"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "討論",
"2": "とうろん",
"3": "토론",
"4": "thảo luận",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "討論",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "討論",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "討論",
"v": "討論",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (討論):\n* → Japanese: 討論(とうろん) (tōron)\n* → Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "討論",
"2": "とうろん",
"3": "토론",
"4": "thảo luận"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (討論):\n* → Japanese: 討論(とうろん) (tōron)\n* → Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (討論):\n* → Japanese: 討論(とうろん) (tōron)\n* → Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "chàngtán",
"word": "暢談"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "chàngtán",
"word": "畅谈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "liáotiān",
"word": "聊天"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 37 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Beginning Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 33 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 15 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "zh:Talking",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You can join in their discussion.",
"ref": "你可以參與他們的討論。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "你可以参与他们的讨论。 [MSC, simp.]\nNǐ kěyǐ cānyù tāmen de tǎolùn. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "They discussed the matter in detail, and finally came to an understanding.",
"ref": "他們詳細討論了這件事，結果達成諒解。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "他们详细讨论了这件事，结果达成谅解。 [MSC, simp.]\nTāmen xiángxì tǎolùn le zhè jiàn shì, jiéguǒ dáchéng liàngjiě. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You had better host this discussion.",
"ref": "這個討論還是由你來主持。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "这个讨论还是由你来主持。 [MSC, simp.]\nZhège tǎolùn háishì yóu nǐ lái zhǔchí. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to discuss; to talk over"
],
"id": "en-討論-zh-verb-jr1YM~QH",
"links": [
[
"discuss",
"discuss"
],
[
"talk over",
"talk over"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Master said, \"In preparing the governmental notifications, Pi Chen first made the rough draft; Shi Shu examined and discussed its contents; Zi Yu, the manager of foreign intercourse, then polished the style; and, finally, Zi Chan of Dong Li gave it the proper elegance and finish.\"",
"ref": "子曰：「為命：裨諶草創之，世叔討論之，行人子羽修飾之，東里子產潤色之。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "子曰：「为命：裨谌草创之，世叔讨论之，行人子羽修饰之，东里子产润色之。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nZǐyuē: “Wéi mìng: Píchén cǎochuàng zhī, Shìshū tǎolùn zhī, xíngrén Zǐyǔ xiūshì zhī, Dōnglǐ Zǐchǎn rùnsè zhī.” [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "[He] examined and arranged the old literary monuments and records, deciding to commence with Tang and Yu, and to come down to the times of Zhou.",
"ref": "討論墳典，斷自唐虞以下訖於周。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "讨论坟典，断自唐虞以下讫于周。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: c. 4th century, \"Pseudo-Kong Anguo\" (偽孔安國), Preface to the Book of Documents (《尚書序》). English translation based on the text by James Legge (1879).\nTǎolùn Fén Diǎn, duàn zì Tángyú yǐ xià qì yú Zhōu. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to edit critically; to examine and rectify a text"
],
"id": "en-討論-zh-verb-edbH1maI",
"links": [
[
"edit",
"edit"
],
[
"critically",
"critically"
],
[
"examine",
"examine"
],
[
"rectify",
"rectify"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, of texts) to edit critically; to examine and rectify a text"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of texts"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "But if we get to the bottom of it, we find that all this is illusive.",
"ref": "如討論之，乃虛妄也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "如讨论之，乃虚妄也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Wang Chong, Lun Heng (Discussive Weighing), 80 CE, translated based on Alfred Forke's version\nRú tǎolùn zhī, nǎi xūwàng yě. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to study; to investigate; to research"
],
"id": "en-討論-zh-verb-E7~uvhbu",
"links": [
[
"study",
"study"
],
[
"investigate",
"investigate"
],
[
"research",
"research"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to study; to investigate; to research"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎolùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄊㄠˇ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "tou² leon⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lun"
},
{
"zh-pron": "tō̤-lâung"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lūn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "to² lung⁶"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵thau-len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎolùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎolùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tʻao³-lun⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎu-lwùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "taoluenn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "таолунь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "taolunʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tóu leuhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tou² loen⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "tou² lên⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯³⁵ lɵn²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "to` lun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "to³ lun⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³¹ lun⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "tō̤-lâung"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³³⁻⁵⁵ l̃ɑuŋ²⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lūn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "toylun"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lun⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "thó lŭng"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵²⁻³⁵ luŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵thau-len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "thau^去 len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²thau-len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/tʰɔ³³ lən⁴⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "thawX lwon|lwonH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[t]ʰˤuʔ [r]ˤu[n]|[r]ˤu[n]-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*tʰuːʔ ruːn|ruːns/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯³⁵ lɵn²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³¹ lun⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³³⁻⁵⁵ l̃ɑuŋ²⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lun⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵²⁻³⁵ luŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ³³ lən⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*tʰuːʔ ruːn|ruːns/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāoshè",
"word": "交涉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "king1",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"informal"
],
"word": "傾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "king1",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"informal"
],
"word": "倾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "xiéshāng",
"word": "協商"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "xiéshāng",
"word": "协商"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "xiéyì",
"word": "協議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "xiéyì",
"word": "协议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "kǒuyǔ",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "口語"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "kǒuyǔ",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "口语"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "chiefly in an academic context",
"roman": "shāngquè",
"word": "商榷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shāngtǎo",
"word": "商討"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shāngtǎo",
"word": "商讨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shāngtán",
"word": "商談"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shāngtán",
"word": "商谈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shāngyì",
"word": "商議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shāngyì",
"word": "商议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shāngliang",
"word": "商量"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "接接"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiēqià",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "接洽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "huìtán",
"word": "會談"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "huìtán",
"word": "会谈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "槌摃鐵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "槌𫼱铁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "比接"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "qiàshāng",
"word": "洽商"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "qiàtán",
"word": "洽談"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "qiàtán",
"word": "洽谈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shēnlùn",
"word": "申論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shēnlùn",
"word": "申论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yánjiū",
"word": "研究"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "cuōshāng",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "磋商"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "cuōyì",
"word": "磋議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "cuōyì",
"word": "磋议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "móhé",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "磨合"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "觸牙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "触牙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yánshuō",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "言說"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yánshuō",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "言说"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yánlùn",
"word": "言論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yánlùn",
"word": "言论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yáncí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "言辭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yáncí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "言辞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jìmóu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "計謀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jìmóu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "计谋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jìyì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "計議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jìyì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "计议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "計較"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "计较"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "評"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "评"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "pínglùn",
"word": "評論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "pínglùn",
"word": "评论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "說"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "说"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shuōhé",
"word": "說合"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shuōhé",
"word": "说合"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tánpàn",
"word": "談判"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tánpàn",
"word": "谈判"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tánlùn",
"word": "談論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tánlùn",
"word": "谈论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "móulǜ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "謀慮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "móulǜ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "谋虑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yì",
"word": "議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yì",
"word": "议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yìlùn",
"word": "議論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yìlùn",
"word": "议论"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "錦議"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "锦议"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "chǎnlùn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "闡論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "chǎnlùn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "阐论"
}
],
"word": "討論"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "討論",
"ruby": [
[
"討",
"とう"
],
[
"論",
"ろん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "とうろん"
},
"expansion": "討(とう)論(ろん) • (tōron)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 22 25 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 25 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 25 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 25 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 9 30 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"debate"
],
"id": "en-討論-ja-noun-b3qQAMzM",
"links": [
[
"debate",
"debate"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"roman": "dibēto",
"sense": "debate",
"word": "ディベート"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"roman": "giron",
"sense": "debate",
"word": "議論"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"roman": "ronsō",
"sense": "debate",
"word": "論争"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 22 25 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 25 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 25 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 25 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"discussion"
],
"id": "en-討論-ja-noun-PMYQJA7H",
"links": [
[
"discussion",
"discussion"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "16 84",
"roman": "rongi",
"ruby": [
[
"論",
"ろん"
],
[
"議",
"ぎ"
]
],
"sense": "discussion",
"word": "論議"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "とーろん"
},
{
"ipa": "[to̞ːɾõ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "討論"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "討論する",
"ruby": [
[
"討",
"とう"
],
[
"論",
"ろん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "討論し",
"roman": "tōron shi",
"ruby": [
[
"討",
"とう"
],
[
"論",
"ろん"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "討論した",
"roman": "tōron shita",
"ruby": [
[
"討",
"とう"
],
[
"論",
"ろん"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "討論し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "討論する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "討論すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "討論せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "討論しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "討論される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "討論させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "討論さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "討論できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "討論しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "討論しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "討論せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "討論します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "討論した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "討論して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "討論すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 22 25 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 25 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 25 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 25 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 9 30 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to debate"
],
"id": "en-討論-ja-verb-0F7UMF-w"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 22 25 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 25 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 25 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 25 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 9 30 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to discuss"
],
"id": "en-討論-ja-verb-ZDsWhDmn",
"links": [
[
"discuss",
"discuss"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "26 74",
"roman": "hanashiau",
"ruby": [
[
"話",
"はな"
],
[
"合",
"あ"
]
],
"sense": "discuss",
"word": "話し合う"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "とーろん"
},
{
"ipa": "[to̞ːɾõ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "討論"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "toron",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "토론",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "토론"
},
"expansion": "討論 • (toron) (hangeul 토론)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "debate, controversy",
"word": "토론"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 토론 (“debate, controversy”)."
],
"id": "en-討論-ko-noun-5Ki5sL6h",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"토론",
"토론#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "討論"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of thảo luận (“to discuss”)."
],
"id": "en-討論-vi-verb-jHckYS2S",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"thảo luận",
"thảo luận#Vietnamese"
],
[
"discuss",
"discuss"
]
]
}
],
"word": "討論"
}
{
"categories": [
"Beginning Mandarin",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"zh:Talking"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研討"
},
{
"roman": "yántǎo",
"word": "研讨"
},
{
"roman": "tǎolùnhuì",
"word": "討論會"
},
{
"roman": "tǎolùnhuì",
"word": "讨论会"
},
{
"roman": "tǎolùngǎo",
"word": "討論稿"
},
{
"roman": "tǎolùngǎo",
"word": "讨论稿"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "討論"
},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "討論",
"2": "とうろん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "討論(とうろん) (tōron)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "토론(討論)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "討論",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "thảo luận",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "討論"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "討論",
"2": "とうろん",
"3": "토론",
"4": "thảo luận",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "討論",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "討論",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "討論",
"v": "討論",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (討論):\n* → Japanese: 討論(とうろん) (tōron)\n* → Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "討論",
"2": "とうろん",
"3": "토론",
"4": "thảo luận"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (討論):\n* → Japanese: 討論(とうろん) (tōron)\n* → Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (討論):\n* → Japanese: 討論(とうろん) (tōron)\n* → Korean: 토론(討論) (toron)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo luận (討論)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"roman": "chàngtán",
"word": "暢談"
},
{
"roman": "chàngtán",
"word": "畅谈"
},
{
"roman": "liáotiān",
"word": "聊天"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You can join in their discussion.",
"ref": "你可以參與他們的討論。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "你可以参与他们的讨论。 [MSC, simp.]\nNǐ kěyǐ cānyù tāmen de tǎolùn. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "They discussed the matter in detail, and finally came to an understanding.",
"ref": "他們詳細討論了這件事，結果達成諒解。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "他们详细讨论了这件事，结果达成谅解。 [MSC, simp.]\nTāmen xiángxì tǎolùn le zhè jiàn shì, jiéguǒ dáchéng liàngjiě. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You had better host this discussion.",
"ref": "這個討論還是由你來主持。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "这个讨论还是由你来主持。 [MSC, simp.]\nZhège tǎolùn háishì yóu nǐ lái zhǔchí. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to discuss; to talk over"
],
"links": [
[
"discuss",
"discuss"
],
[
"talk over",
"talk over"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Chinese literary terms",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Master said, \"In preparing the governmental notifications, Pi Chen first made the rough draft; Shi Shu examined and discussed its contents; Zi Yu, the manager of foreign intercourse, then polished the style; and, finally, Zi Chan of Dong Li gave it the proper elegance and finish.\"",
"ref": "子曰：「為命：裨諶草創之，世叔討論之，行人子羽修飾之，東里子產潤色之。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "子曰：「为命：裨谌草创之，世叔讨论之，行人子羽修饰之，东里子产润色之。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nZǐyuē: “Wéi mìng: Píchén cǎochuàng zhī, Shìshū tǎolùn zhī, xíngrén Zǐyǔ xiūshì zhī, Dōnglǐ Zǐchǎn rùnsè zhī.” [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "[He] examined and arranged the old literary monuments and records, deciding to commence with Tang and Yu, and to come down to the times of Zhou.",
"ref": "討論墳典，斷自唐虞以下訖於周。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "讨论坟典，断自唐虞以下讫于周。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: c. 4th century, \"Pseudo-Kong Anguo\" (偽孔安國), Preface to the Book of Documents (《尚書序》). English translation based on the text by James Legge (1879).\nTǎolùn Fén Diǎn, duàn zì Tángyú yǐ xià qì yú Zhōu. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to edit critically; to examine and rectify a text"
],
"links": [
[
"edit",
"edit"
],
[
"critically",
"critically"
],
[
"examine",
"examine"
],
[
"rectify",
"rectify"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, of texts) to edit critically; to examine and rectify a text"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of texts"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "But if we get to the bottom of it, we find that all this is illusive.",
"ref": "如討論之，乃虛妄也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "如讨论之，乃虚妄也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Wang Chong, Lun Heng (Discussive Weighing), 80 CE, translated based on Alfred Forke's version\nRú tǎolùn zhī, nǎi xūwàng yě. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to study; to investigate; to research"
],
"links": [
[
"study",
"study"
],
[
"investigate",
"investigate"
],
[
"research",
"research"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to study; to investigate; to research"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎolùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄊㄠˇ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "tou² leon⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lun"
},
{
"zh-pron": "tō̤-lâung"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lūn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "to² lung⁶"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵thau-len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎolùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎolùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tʻao³-lun⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tǎu-lwùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "taoluenn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "таолунь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "taolunʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tóu leuhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tou² loen⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "tou² lên⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯³⁵ lɵn²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "to` lun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "to³ lun⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³¹ lun⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "tō̤-lâung"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³³⁻⁵⁵ l̃ɑuŋ²⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "thó-lūn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "toylun"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lun⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "thó lŭng"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵²⁻³⁵ luŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵thau-len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "thau^去 len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²thau-len"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/tʰɔ³³ lən⁴⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "thawX lwon|lwonH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[t]ʰˤuʔ [r]ˤu[n]|[r]ˤu[n]-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*tʰuːʔ ruːn|ruːns/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯³⁵ lɵn²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³¹ lun⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo³³⁻⁵⁵ l̃ɑuŋ²⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lun⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lun³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo⁵²⁻³⁵ luŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ³³ lən⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*tʰuːʔ ruːn|ruːns/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "jiāoshè",
"word": "交涉"
},
{
"english": "king1",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"informal"
],
"word": "傾"
},
{
"english": "king1",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"informal"
],
"word": "倾"
},
{
"roman": "xiéshāng",
"word": "協商"
},
{
"roman": "xiéshāng",
"word": "协商"
},
{
"roman": "xiéyì",
"word": "協議"
},
{
"roman": "xiéyì",
"word": "协议"
},
{
"roman": "kǒuyǔ",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "口語"
},
{
"roman": "kǒuyǔ",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "口语"
},
{
"english": "chiefly in an academic context",
"roman": "shāngquè",
"word": "商榷"
},
{
"roman": "shāngtǎo",
"word": "商討"
},
{
"roman": "shāngtǎo",
"word": "商讨"
},
{
"roman": "shāngtán",
"word": "商談"
},
{
"roman": "shāngtán",
"word": "商谈"
},
{
"roman": "shāngyì",
"word": "商議"
},
{
"roman": "shāngyì",
"word": "商议"
},
{
"roman": "shāngliang",
"word": "商量"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "接接"
},
{
"roman": "jiēqià",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "接洽"
},
{
"roman": "huìtán",
"word": "會談"
},
{
"roman": "huìtán",
"word": "会谈"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "槌摃鐵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "槌𫼱铁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "比接"
},
{
"roman": "qiàshāng",
"word": "洽商"
},
{
"roman": "qiàtán",
"word": "洽談"
},
{
"roman": "qiàtán",
"word": "洽谈"
},
{
"roman": "shēnlùn",
"word": "申論"
},
{
"roman": "shēnlùn",
"word": "申论"
},
{
"roman": "yánjiū",
"word": "研究"
},
{
"roman": "cuōshāng",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "磋商"
},
{
"roman": "cuōyì",
"word": "磋議"
},
{
"roman": "cuōyì",
"word": "磋议"
},
{
"roman": "móhé",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "磨合"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "觸牙"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "触牙"
},
{
"roman": "yánshuō",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "言說"
},
{
"roman": "yánshuō",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "言说"
},
{
"roman": "yánlùn",
"word": "言論"
},
{
"roman": "yánlùn",
"word": "言论"
},
{
"roman": "yáncí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "言辭"
},
{
"roman": "yáncí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "言辞"
},
{
"roman": "jìmóu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "計謀"
},
{
"roman": "jìmóu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "计谋"
},
{
"roman": "jìyì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "計議"
},
{
"roman": "jìyì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "计议"
},
{
"word": "計較"
},
{
"word": "计较"
},
{
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "評"
},
{
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "评"
},
{
"roman": "pínglùn",
"word": "評論"
},
{
"roman": "pínglùn",
"word": "评论"
},
{
"word": "說"
},
{
"word": "说"
},
{
"roman": "shuōhé",
"word": "說合"
},
{
"roman": "shuōhé",
"word": "说合"
},
{
"roman": "tánpàn",
"word": "談判"
},
{
"roman": "tánpàn",
"word": "谈判"
},
{
"roman": "tánlùn",
"word": "談論"
},
{
"roman": "tánlùn",
"word": "谈论"
},
{
"roman": "móulǜ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "謀慮"
},
{
"roman": "móulǜ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "谋虑"
},
{
"roman": "yì",
"word": "議"
},
{
"roman": "yì",
"word": "议"
},
{
"roman": "yìlùn",
"word": "議論"
},
{
"roman": "yìlùn",
"word": "议论"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "錦議"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "锦议"
},
{
"roman": "chǎnlùn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "闡論"
},
{
"roman": "chǎnlùn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "阐论"
}
],
"word": "討論"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "討論",
"ruby": [
[
"討",
"とう"
],
[
"論",
"ろん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "とうろん"
},
"expansion": "討(とう)論(ろん) • (tōron)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"debate"
],
"links": [
[
"debate",
"debate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"discussion"
],
"links": [
[
"discussion",
"discussion"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "とーろん"
},
{
"ipa": "[to̞ːɾõ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "dibēto",
"sense": "debate",
"word": "ディベート"
},
{
"roman": "giron",
"sense": "debate",
"word": "議論"
},
{
"roman": "ronsō",
"sense": "debate",
"word": "論争"
},
{
"roman": "rongi",
"ruby": [
[
"論",
"ろん"
],
[
"議",
"ぎ"
]
],
"sense": "discussion",
"word": "論議"
}
],
"word": "討論"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "討論する",
"ruby": [
[
"討",
"とう"
],
[
"論",
"ろん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "討論し",
"roman": "tōron shi",
"ruby": [
[
"討",
"とう"
],
[
"論",
"ろん"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "討論した",
"roman": "tōron shita",
"ruby": [
[
"討",
"とう"
],
[
"論",
"ろん"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "討論し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "討論する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "討論すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "討論せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "討論しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "討論される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "討論させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "討論さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "討論できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "討論しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "討論しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "討論せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "討論します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "討論した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "討論して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "討論すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "とうろんすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "tōron sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to debate"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to discuss"
],
"links": [
[
"discuss",
"discuss"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "とーろん"
},
{
"ipa": "[to̞ːɾõ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "hanashiau",
"ruby": [
[
"話",
"はな"
],
[
"合",
"あ"
]
],
"sense": "discuss",
"word": "話し合う"
}
],
"word": "討論"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "toron",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "토론",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "토론"
},
"expansion": "討論 • (toron) (hangeul 토론)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "debate, controversy",
"word": "토론"
}
],
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 토론 (“debate, controversy”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"토론",
"토론#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "討論"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "討論",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"Vietnamese verbs in Han script"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of thảo luận (“to discuss”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"thảo luận",
"thảo luận#Vietnamese"
],
[
"discuss",
"discuss"
]
]
}
],
"word": "討論"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"討論"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "討論",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.