See foil on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for foil meaning in All languages combined (50.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "aluminum foil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bow foil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cinquefoil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "counterfoil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "foil stone"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "quatrefoil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sexfoil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tin foil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trefoil"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰleh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "foyle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English foyle",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "fueille"
},
"expansion": "Middle French fueille",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fueille",
"4": "",
"5": "plant leaf"
},
"expansion": "Old French fueille (“plant leaf”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "folia"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin folia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "folium"
},
"expansion": "folium",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "folio",
"3": "folium"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of folio and folium",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "phyllo",
"3": "phyllon",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "phyllo and phyllon",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English foyle, from Middle French fueille, from Old French fueille (“plant leaf”), from Late Latin folia, the plural of folium, mistaken as a singular feminine.\nThe literary sense is from the practice of backing a gem with metal foil to make it shine more brilliantly.\nDoublet of folio and folium, distantly also with phyllo and phyllon.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "foil (countable and uncountable, plural foils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A very thin sheet of metal."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-QJXGxozb",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "nrbatʿitʿeġ",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "նրբաթիթեղ"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pʿaylatʿitʿeġ",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "փայլաթիթեղ"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "folga",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "ֆոլգա"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "raṅpota",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "ৰাংপতা"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "fólʹha",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фо́льга"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "fólio",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "фо́лио"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "staniól",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "станио́л"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "full"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "金屬薄片"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīnshǔbáopiàn",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "金属薄片"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fólie"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "folio"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "ohkolevy"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "feuille de métal"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "polga",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "ფოლგა"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Folie"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "élasma",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "έλασμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lamina"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lamella"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hoiru",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "ホイル"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "foiru",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "フォイル"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "きんぞくうらばり",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kinzoku urabari",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "金属裏張り"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "はく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "haku",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "箔"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "poil",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "포일"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hoil",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "호일"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geumsok boho jong'i",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "금속 보호 종이"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bractea"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "folija"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "foyle"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "fuyl",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "فویل"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "folia"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "folha"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "foiță"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "folʹgá",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фольга́"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "staniólʹ",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "станио́ль"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lámina de metal"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "folio"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "folie"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "folyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 6 19 0 0 6 9 0 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "fólʹha",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фо́льга"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "wrap the sandwich up in foil",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Thin aluminium/aluminum (or, formerly, tin) used for wrapping food."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-IaMMybY4",
"links": [
[
"aluminium",
"aluminium"
],
[
"aluminum",
"aluminum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly uncountable) Thin aluminium/aluminum (or, formerly, tin) used for wrapping food."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "5 40 12 3 3 7 8 11 3 4 4",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum",
"word": "aluminium foil"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 40 12 3 3 7 8 11 3 4 4",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum",
"word": "silver foil"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 40 12 3 3 7 8 11 3 4 4",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum",
"word": "silver paper"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 40 12 3 3 7 8 11 3 4 4",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum",
"word": "tin foil"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "folga",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"word": "ֆոլգա"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "varák",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вара́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "staniól",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "станио́л"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paper d'alumini"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Aluminiumfolie"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"word": "folio"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "papier d’aluminium"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alu"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Aluminiumfolie"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "alouminócharto",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "αλουμινόχαρτο"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carta stagnola"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "pam",
"lang": "Kapampangan",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"word": "palara"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "folija"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "folia"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "papel-alumínio"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "folʹgá",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фольга́"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "papel de aluminio"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"word": "aluminiumfolie"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 53 9 2 2 6 7 7 2 3 3",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"word": "palara"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A thin layer of metal put between a jewel and its setting to make it seem more brilliant."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-xNG6JW2v",
"links": [
[
"jewel",
"jewel"
],
[
"setting",
"setting"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 78 1 1 2 2 4 1 2 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "thin layer of metal put between a jewel and its setting to make it seem more brilliant",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 78 1 1 2 2 4 1 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "thin layer of metal put between a jewel and its setting to make it seem more brilliant",
"word": "folio"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 78 1 1 2 2 4 1 2 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ḍāk",
"sense": "thin layer of metal put between a jewel and its setting to make it seem more brilliant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "डाक"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 78 1 1 2 2 4 1 2 2",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "thin layer of metal put between a jewel and its setting to make it seem more brilliant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "folija"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 5 7 21 3 6 3 10 3 5 6 3 4 3 2 0 4 2 3 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Stock characters",
"orig": "en:Stock characters",
"parents": [
"Fictional characters",
"Fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Art",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2022 December 20, Leigh Monson, “Puss In Boots: The Last Wish review: Antonio Banderas leads the best film yet in the Shrek franchise”, in AV Club",
"text": "As Puss comes to realize his legendary status is not a substitute for interpersonal connection, his interactions with Kitty and the therapy dog start to take on a surprising amount of weight, while Goldilocks serves as a well-realized foil who has more in common with Puss that is at first apparent.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In literature, theatre/theater, etc., a character who helps emphasize the traits of the main character and who usually acts as an opponent or antagonist, but can also serve as the sidekick of the protagonist."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-nBWiERgI",
"links": [
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"emphasize",
"emphasize"
],
[
"antagonist",
"antagonist"
],
[
"sidekick",
"sidekick"
],
[
"protagonist",
"protagonist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(authorship, figuratively) In literature, theatre/theater, etc., a character who helps emphasize the traits of the main character and who usually acts as an opponent or antagonist, but can also serve as the sidekick of the protagonist."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"authorship",
"broadcasting",
"communications",
"film",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"television",
"writing"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 3 67 6 4 3 5 2 3 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "character who helps emphasise the traits of the main character",
"word": "contrastfiguur"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 3 67 6 4 3 5 2 3 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "character who helps emphasise the traits of the main character",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "faire-valoir"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 3 67 6 4 3 5 2 3 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "character who helps emphasise the traits of the main character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kontrastfigur"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 3 67 6 4 3 5 2 3 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "character who helps emphasise the traits of the main character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spalla"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1725-1726, William Broome, The Odyssey\nHector has also a foil to set regard"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Anything that acts by contrast to emphasise the characteristics of something."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-3~rfDhKi",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Anything that acts by contrast to emphasise the characteristics of something."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 4 6 11 56 3 1 8 3 4 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "anything that acts to emphasise the characteristics of something",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "baggrund"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fencing",
"orig": "en:Fencing",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1784-1810, William Mitford, History of Greece\nSocrates contended with a foil against Demosthenes with a sword."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A very thin sword with a blunted (or foiled) tip"
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-KA1I8WxA",
"links": [
[
"fencing",
"fencing#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(fencing) A very thin sword with a blunted (or foiled) tip"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"fencing",
"government",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"martial-arts",
"military",
"politics",
"sports",
"war"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rapíra",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рапи́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floret"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "花劍"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huājiàn",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "花剑"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fleret"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fleuret"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "floret"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "floretti"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fleuret"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "Florett"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "elafrý xífos xifaskías",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ελαφρύ ξίφος ξιφασκίας"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "tőr"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pionsa maol"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fioretto"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "furūre",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "フルーレ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "peulloere",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "플뢰레"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rudis"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rapyra"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "florét",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "флоре́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cliwe crammanagh"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floret"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "florete"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "floretă"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rapíra",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рапи́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "florete"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "florett"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "flöre"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 21 5 12 2 29 7 5 4 7 6",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ffwyl"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A thin, transparent plastic material on which marks are made and projected for the purposes of presentation. See transparency."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-qA9dXDuq",
"links": [
[
"transparency",
"transparency#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 6 9 5 4 4 1 13 4 7 8 3 7 5 2 1 7 1 4 1 1 5 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 7 5 3 3 2 20 4 7 7 5 4 4 2 1 6 2 3 2 2 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 5 7 5 3 3 2 19 3 6 6 2 6 4 2 0 5 1 3 1 1 4 1 5 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2016, Pojo's Unofficial Big Book of Pokémon, Triumph Books",
"text": "I personally would collect all the foils from Base Set before this one, but the market is what the market is.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A premium trading card with a glossy finish."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-8K2cjkMm",
"links": [
[
"premium",
"premium"
],
[
"trading card",
"trading card"
],
[
"glossy",
"glossy"
],
[
"finish",
"finish"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Heraldic charges",
"orig": "en:Heraldic charges",
"parents": [
"Heraldry",
"History",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stylized flower or leaf."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-0ywo62O2",
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"flower",
"flower"
],
[
"leaf",
"leaf"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) A stylized flower or leaf."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "hydrofoil"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of hydrofoil."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-A5k7Yq7W",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"hydrofoil",
"hydrofoil#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hydrodynamics, nautical) Clipping of hydrofoil."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"hydrodynamics",
"hydrology",
"natural-sciences",
"nautical",
"physical-sciences",
"physics",
"transport"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "aerofoil/airfoil"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Aviation",
"orig": "en:Aviation",
"parents": [
"Aeronautics",
"Transport",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of aerofoil/airfoil."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-1YBVjJKf",
"links": [
[
"aviation",
"aviation"
],
[
"aerofoil",
"aerofoil#English"
],
[
"airfoil",
"airfoil#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(aerodynamics, aviation) Clipping of aerofoil/airfoil."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"aerodynamics",
"aeronautics",
"aerospace",
"aviation",
"business",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰleh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "foyle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English foyle",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "fueille"
},
"expansion": "Middle French fueille",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fueille",
"4": "",
"5": "plant leaf"
},
"expansion": "Old French fueille (“plant leaf”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "folia"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin folia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "folium"
},
"expansion": "folium",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "folio",
"3": "folium"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of folio and folium",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "phyllo",
"3": "phyllon",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "phyllo and phyllon",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English foyle, from Middle French fueille, from Old French fueille (“plant leaf”), from Late Latin folia, the plural of folium, mistaken as a singular feminine.\nThe literary sense is from the practice of backing a gem with metal foil to make it shine more brilliantly.\nDoublet of folio and folium, distantly also with phyllo and phyllon.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foil (third-person singular simple present foils, present participle foiling, simple past and past participle foiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To cover or wrap with foil."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-verb--fBilvX3",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cover or wrap with foil."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "hydrofoil"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of hydrofoil."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-verb-A5k7Yq7W",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"hydrofoil",
"hydrofoil#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) Clipping of hydrofoil."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "foilen",
"4": "",
"5": "spoil a scent trail by crossing it"
},
"expansion": "Middle English foilen (“spoil a scent trail by crossing it”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fouler",
"4": "",
"5": "tread on, trample"
},
"expansion": "Old French fouler (“tread on, trample”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fullō",
"4": "",
"5": "I trample, I full"
},
"expansion": "Latin fullō (“I trample, I full”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English foilen (“spoil a scent trail by crossing it”), from Old French fouler (“tread on, trample”), ultimately from Latin fullō (“I trample, I full”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foil (third-person singular simple present foils, present participle foiling, simple past and past participle foiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "They foiled my plans.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prevent (something) from being accomplished."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-verb-7zsJ5Rvw",
"links": [
[
"accomplished",
"accomplished"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "put the kibosh on"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "scupper"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "thwart"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "faššala",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "فَشَّلَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ahbata",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "أحبط"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "afshala",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "أفشل"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xapʿanel",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "խափանել"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aṙaǰn aṙnel",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "առաջն առնել"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zǔzhǐ",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "阻止"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "forhindre"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "forpurre"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "verijdelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "afweren"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "frustreren"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "estää"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "pilata suunnitelma"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "déjouer"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "hintertreiben"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "mataióno",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "ματαιώνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "maná",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "מנע"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "meghiúsít"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "sventare"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "spréči",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "спре́чи"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "whakahēhē"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "udaremniać"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "udaremnić"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "frustrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predotvraščátʹ",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "предотвраща́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predotvratítʹ",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "предотврати́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "frustrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "omintetgöra"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "kullkasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 31 4 3",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "tamlaai",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "ทำลาย"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I was foiled by my superior",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2011 December 10, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 1 - 0 Everton”, in BBC Sport",
"text": "First, former Toffee Mikel Arteta sent Walcott racing clear but instead of shooting he squared towards Ramsey, who was foiled by Tony Hibbert.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017 August 20, “The Observer view on the attacks in Spain”, in The Observer",
"text": "Many jihadist plots have been foiled and the security apparatus is getting better, overall, at pre-empting those who would do us ill. But, they say, the nature of the threat and the terrorists’ increasing use of low-tech, asymmetrical tactics such as hire vehicles and knives, make it all but impossible to stop every assault.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prevent (someone) from accomplishing something."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-verb-4zeVI-gi"
},
{
"glosses": [
"To blunt; to dull; to spoil."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-verb-uvCAzV5K"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1603, Richard Knolles, The Generall Historie of the Turkes",
"text": "King Richard […] caused the ensigns of Leopold to be pulled down and foiled underfoot.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To tread underfoot; to trample."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-verb-YhTX-XeK",
"links": [
[
"trample",
"trample"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To tread underfoot; to trample."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "foilen",
"4": "",
"5": "spoil a scent trail by crossing it"
},
"expansion": "Middle English foilen (“spoil a scent trail by crossing it”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fouler",
"4": "",
"5": "tread on, trample"
},
"expansion": "Old French fouler (“tread on, trample”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fullō",
"4": "",
"5": "I trample, I full"
},
"expansion": "Latin fullō (“I trample, I full”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English foilen (“spoil a scent trail by crossing it”), from Old French fouler (“tread on, trample”), ultimately from Latin fullō (“I trample, I full”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foil (plural foils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1685, John Dryden, Threnodia Augustalis",
"text": "Nor e'er was fate so near a foil.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Failure when on the point of attainment; defeat; frustration; miscarriage."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-RDDQ1bJ4"
},
{
"glosses": [
"One of the incorrect answers presented in a multiple-choice test."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-NTBwTfew",
"links": [
[
"incorrect",
"incorrect"
],
[
"answer",
"answer"
],
[
"multiple-choice",
"multiple-choice"
],
[
"test",
"test"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "foulis"
},
"expansion": "French foulis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French foulis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foil (plural foils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Hunting",
"orig": "en:Hunting",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 5 4 3 8 3 7 3 7 7 4 4 11 2 1 5 2 3 3 4 4 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Swords",
"orig": "en:Swords",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The track of an animal."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-nFF5MpsC",
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"track",
"track"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hunting) The track of an animal."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "track of an animal",
"word": "spoor"
}
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "track of an animal",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fært"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "track of an animal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spor"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "FOIL",
"3": "",
"4": "First Outside Inside Last"
},
"expansion": "FOIL (“First Outside Inside Last”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From mnemonic acronym FOIL (“First Outside Inside Last”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foil (third-person singular simple present foils, present participle foiling, simple past and past participle foiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "en:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To expand a product of two or more algebraic expressions, typically binomials."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-verb-~1SQmH9v",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"binomials",
"binomials"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) To expand a product of two or more algebraic expressions, typically binomials."
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to expand a product of two or more algebraic expressions, typically binomials",
"word": "uitwerken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to expand a product of two or more algebraic expressions, typically binomials",
"word": "kertoa"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "file"
},
"expansion": "file",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See file.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foil (third-person singular simple present foils, present participle foiling, simple past and past participle foiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To defile; to soil."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-verb-~tqHlVsF",
"links": [
[
"defile",
"defile"
],
[
"soil",
"soil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To defile; to soil."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"etymology_number": 6,
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foil (plural foils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Architecture",
"orig": "en:Architecture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small arc in the tracery of a window, etc."
],
"id": "en-foil-en-noun-TVtVWjES",
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"arc",
"arc"
],
[
"tracery",
"tracery"
],
[
"window",
"window"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture) A small arc in the tracery of a window, etc."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "multifoil"
},
{
"word": "trefoil"
}
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "folium"
},
"expansion": "Latin folium",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "fueille"
},
"expansion": "fueille",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "folia"
},
"expansion": "folia",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin folium. Compare fueille, from the plural of folium, folia.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foil oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "fouz",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "foilz",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fouz",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "foilz",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "foil",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "foil oblique singular, m (oblique plural fouz or foilz, nominative singular fouz or foilz, nominative plural foil)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"leaf (green appendage of a plant which photosynthesizes)"
],
"id": "en-foil-fro-noun-uTL1fKdF",
"links": [
[
"leaf",
"leaf"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feul"
},
{
"word": "foel"
},
{
"word": "fol"
},
{
"word": "fueill"
},
{
"word": "fuel"
},
{
"word": "fuil"
}
]
}
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "muccfoil"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "fail"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: fail",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: fail"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "fail"
},
"expansion": "Irish: fail",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: fail"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "fail"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: fail",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: fail"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*uɸolexs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *uɸolexs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*uɸo-",
"3": "*legeti",
"alt2": "*leg-",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "under",
"t2": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "*uɸo- (“under”) + *leg- (“to lie”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gwâl",
"t": "lair, pigsty"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gwâl (“lair, pigsty”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *uɸolexs, from *uɸo- (“under”) + *leg- (“to lie”). Cognate with Welsh gwâl (“lair, pigsty”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "folach",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-k&g",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "g-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Feminine g-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "foil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "foil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "foilgea",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "foilgea",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "foilgib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "foilgib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "foil",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "ḟoil",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "foil",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "folach",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "foil f (genitive folach)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "folach"
},
"expansion": "foil f (genitive folach)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "g",
"2": "folaig",
"3": "folach",
"acc_pl": "foilgea",
"dat_pl": "foilgib",
"g": "f"
},
"name": "sga-decl-k&g"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "folaig+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "foilgea",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "folaig+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "g-f",
"dat_du": "foilgib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "foilgib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "folaig+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "folach",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "folach+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "folach",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "folaig+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "folaig",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "foil",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "folaig+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "foilgea",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "foil",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "oil"
},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "glossing Latin armillam (“bracelet”)",
"text": "foil",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ring, bracelet"
],
"id": "en-foil-sga-noun-JqFbLf5I",
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"bracelet",
"bracelet"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pigsty"
],
"id": "en-foil-sga-noun-ERxZi61u",
"links": [
[
"pigsty",
"pigsty"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰleh₃-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish g-stem nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl/1 syllable",
"en:Stock characters",
"en:Swords"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "aluminum foil"
},
{
"word": "bow foil"
},
{
"word": "cinquefoil"
},
{
"word": "counterfoil"
},
{
"word": "foil stone"
},
{
"word": "quatrefoil"
},
{
"word": "sexfoil"
},
{
"word": "tin foil"
},
{
"word": "trefoil"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰleh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "foyle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English foyle",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "fueille"
},
"expansion": "Middle French fueille",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fueille",
"4": "",
"5": "plant leaf"
},
"expansion": "Old French fueille (“plant leaf”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "folia"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin folia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "folium"
},
"expansion": "folium",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "folio",
"3": "folium"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of folio and folium",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "phyllo",
"3": "phyllon",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "phyllo and phyllon",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English foyle, from Middle French fueille, from Old French fueille (“plant leaf”), from Late Latin folia, the plural of folium, mistaken as a singular feminine.\nThe literary sense is from the practice of backing a gem with metal foil to make it shine more brilliantly.\nDoublet of folio and folium, distantly also with phyllo and phyllon.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "foil (countable and uncountable, plural foils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A very thin sheet of metal."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "wrap the sandwich up in foil",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Thin aluminium/aluminum (or, formerly, tin) used for wrapping food."
],
"links": [
[
"aluminium",
"aluminium"
],
[
"aluminum",
"aluminum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly uncountable) Thin aluminium/aluminum (or, formerly, tin) used for wrapping food."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A thin layer of metal put between a jewel and its setting to make it seem more brilliant."
],
"links": [
[
"jewel",
"jewel"
],
[
"setting",
"setting"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2022 December 20, Leigh Monson, “Puss In Boots: The Last Wish review: Antonio Banderas leads the best film yet in the Shrek franchise”, in AV Club",
"text": "As Puss comes to realize his legendary status is not a substitute for interpersonal connection, his interactions with Kitty and the therapy dog start to take on a surprising amount of weight, while Goldilocks serves as a well-realized foil who has more in common with Puss that is at first apparent.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In literature, theatre/theater, etc., a character who helps emphasize the traits of the main character and who usually acts as an opponent or antagonist, but can also serve as the sidekick of the protagonist."
],
"links": [
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"emphasize",
"emphasize"
],
[
"antagonist",
"antagonist"
],
[
"sidekick",
"sidekick"
],
[
"protagonist",
"protagonist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(authorship, figuratively) In literature, theatre/theater, etc., a character who helps emphasize the traits of the main character and who usually acts as an opponent or antagonist, but can also serve as the sidekick of the protagonist."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"authorship",
"broadcasting",
"communications",
"film",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"television",
"writing"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1725-1726, William Broome, The Odyssey\nHector has also a foil to set regard"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Anything that acts by contrast to emphasise the characteristics of something."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Anything that acts by contrast to emphasise the characteristics of something."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Fencing"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1784-1810, William Mitford, History of Greece\nSocrates contended with a foil against Demosthenes with a sword."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A very thin sword with a blunted (or foiled) tip"
],
"links": [
[
"fencing",
"fencing#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(fencing) A very thin sword with a blunted (or foiled) tip"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"fencing",
"government",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"martial-arts",
"military",
"politics",
"sports",
"war"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A thin, transparent plastic material on which marks are made and projected for the purposes of presentation. See transparency."
],
"links": [
[
"transparency",
"transparency#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2016, Pojo's Unofficial Big Book of Pokémon, Triumph Books",
"text": "I personally would collect all the foils from Base Set before this one, but the market is what the market is.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A premium trading card with a glossy finish."
],
"links": [
[
"premium",
"premium"
],
[
"trading card",
"trading card"
],
[
"glossy",
"glossy"
],
[
"finish",
"finish"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Heraldic charges"
],
"glosses": [
"A stylized flower or leaf."
],
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"flower",
"flower"
],
[
"leaf",
"leaf"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) A stylized flower or leaf."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "hydrofoil"
}
],
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"en:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of hydrofoil."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"hydrofoil",
"hydrofoil#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hydrodynamics, nautical) Clipping of hydrofoil."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"hydrodynamics",
"hydrology",
"natural-sciences",
"nautical",
"physical-sciences",
"physics",
"transport"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "aerofoil/airfoil"
}
],
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"en:Aviation"
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of aerofoil/airfoil."
],
"links": [
[
"aviation",
"aviation"
],
[
"aerofoil",
"aerofoil#English"
],
[
"airfoil",
"airfoil#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(aerodynamics, aviation) Clipping of aerofoil/airfoil."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"aerodynamics",
"aeronautics",
"aerospace",
"aviation",
"business",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum",
"word": "aluminium foil"
},
{
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum",
"word": "silver foil"
},
{
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum",
"word": "silver paper"
},
{
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum",
"word": "tin foil"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "nrbatʿitʿeġ",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "նրբաթիթեղ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pʿaylatʿitʿeġ",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "փայլաթիթեղ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "folga",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "ֆոլգա"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "raṅpota",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "ৰাংপতা"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "fólʹha",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фо́льга"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "fólio",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "фо́лио"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "staniól",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "станио́л"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "full"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "金屬薄片"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīnshǔbáopiàn",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "金属薄片"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fólie"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "folio"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "ohkolevy"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "feuille de métal"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "polga",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "ფოლგა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Folie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "élasma",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "έλασμα"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lamina"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lamella"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hoiru",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "ホイル"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "foiru",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "フォイル"
},
{
"alt": "きんぞくうらばり",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kinzoku urabari",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "金属裏張り"
},
{
"alt": "はく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "haku",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "箔"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "poil",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "포일"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hoil",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "호일"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geumsok boho jong'i",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "금속 보호 종이"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bractea"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "folija"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "foyle"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "fuyl",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "فویل"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "folia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "folha"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "foiță"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "folʹgá",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фольга́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "staniólʹ",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "станио́ль"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lámina de metal"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "folio"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "folie"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"word": "folyo"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "fólʹha",
"sense": "thin sheet of metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фо́льга"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "folga",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"word": "ֆոլգա"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "varák",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вара́к"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "staniól",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "станио́л"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paper d'alumini"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Aluminiumfolie"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"word": "folio"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "papier d’aluminium"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alu"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Aluminiumfolie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "alouminócharto",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "αλουμινόχαρτο"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carta stagnola"
},
{
"code": "pam",
"lang": "Kapampangan",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"word": "palara"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "folija"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "folia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "papel-alumínio"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "folʹgá",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фольга́"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "papel de aluminio"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"word": "aluminiumfolie"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food",
"word": "palara"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rapíra",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рапи́ра"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floret"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "花劍"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huājiàn",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "花剑"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fleret"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fleuret"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "floret"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "floretti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fleuret"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "Florett"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "elafrý xífos xifaskías",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ελαφρύ ξίφος ξιφασκίας"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "tőr"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pionsa maol"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fioretto"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "furūre",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "フルーレ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "peulloere",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "플뢰레"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rudis"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rapyra"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "florét",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "флоре́т"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cliwe crammanagh"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floret"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "florete"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "floretă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rapíra",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рапи́ра"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "florete"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "florett"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"word": "flöre"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "type of sword used in fencing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ffwyl"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "thin layer of metal put between a jewel and its setting to make it seem more brilliant",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
],
"word": "folie"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "thin layer of metal put between a jewel and its setting to make it seem more brilliant",
"word": "folio"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ḍāk",
"sense": "thin layer of metal put between a jewel and its setting to make it seem more brilliant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "डाक"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "thin layer of metal put between a jewel and its setting to make it seem more brilliant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "folija"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "character who helps emphasise the traits of the main character",
"word": "contrastfiguur"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "character who helps emphasise the traits of the main character",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "faire-valoir"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "character who helps emphasise the traits of the main character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kontrastfigur"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "character who helps emphasise the traits of the main character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spalla"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "anything that acts to emphasise the characteristics of something",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "baggrund"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰleh₃-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish g-stem nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl/1 syllable",
"en:Stock characters",
"en:Swords"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰleh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "foyle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English foyle",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "fueille"
},
"expansion": "Middle French fueille",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fueille",
"4": "",
"5": "plant leaf"
},
"expansion": "Old French fueille (“plant leaf”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "folia"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin folia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "folium"
},
"expansion": "folium",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "folio",
"3": "folium"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of folio and folium",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "phyllo",
"3": "phyllon",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "phyllo and phyllon",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English foyle, from Middle French fueille, from Old French fueille (“plant leaf”), from Late Latin folia, the plural of folium, mistaken as a singular feminine.\nThe literary sense is from the practice of backing a gem with metal foil to make it shine more brilliantly.\nDoublet of folio and folium, distantly also with phyllo and phyllon.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foil (third-person singular simple present foils, present participle foiling, simple past and past participle foiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To cover or wrap with foil."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cover or wrap with foil."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "hydrofoil"
}
],
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"en:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of hydrofoil."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"hydrofoil",
"hydrofoil#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) Clipping of hydrofoil."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish g-stem nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl/1 syllable",
"en:Stock characters",
"en:Swords"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "foilen",
"4": "",
"5": "spoil a scent trail by crossing it"
},
"expansion": "Middle English foilen (“spoil a scent trail by crossing it”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fouler",
"4": "",
"5": "tread on, trample"
},
"expansion": "Old French fouler (“tread on, trample”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fullō",
"4": "",
"5": "I trample, I full"
},
"expansion": "Latin fullō (“I trample, I full”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English foilen (“spoil a scent trail by crossing it”), from Old French fouler (“tread on, trample”), ultimately from Latin fullō (“I trample, I full”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foil (third-person singular simple present foils, present participle foiling, simple past and past participle foiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "They foiled my plans.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prevent (something) from being accomplished."
],
"links": [
[
"accomplished",
"accomplished"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I was foiled by my superior",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2011 December 10, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 1 - 0 Everton”, in BBC Sport",
"text": "First, former Toffee Mikel Arteta sent Walcott racing clear but instead of shooting he squared towards Ramsey, who was foiled by Tony Hibbert.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017 August 20, “The Observer view on the attacks in Spain”, in The Observer",
"text": "Many jihadist plots have been foiled and the security apparatus is getting better, overall, at pre-empting those who would do us ill. But, they say, the nature of the threat and the terrorists’ increasing use of low-tech, asymmetrical tactics such as hire vehicles and knives, make it all but impossible to stop every assault.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prevent (someone) from accomplishing something."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To blunt; to dull; to spoil."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1603, Richard Knolles, The Generall Historie of the Turkes",
"text": "King Richard […] caused the ensigns of Leopold to be pulled down and foiled underfoot.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To tread underfoot; to trample."
],
"links": [
[
"trample",
"trample"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To tread underfoot; to trample."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "put the kibosh on"
},
{
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "scupper"
},
{
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "thwart"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "faššala",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "فَشَّلَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ahbata",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "أحبط"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "afshala",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "أفشل"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xapʿanel",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "խափանել"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aṙaǰn aṙnel",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "առաջն առնել"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zǔzhǐ",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "阻止"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "forhindre"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "forpurre"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "verijdelen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "afweren"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "frustreren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "estää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "pilata suunnitelma"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "déjouer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "hintertreiben"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "mataióno",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "ματαιώνω"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "maná",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "מנע"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "meghiúsít"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "sventare"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "spréči",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "спре́чи"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "whakahēhē"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "udaremniać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "udaremnić"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "frustrar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predotvraščátʹ",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "предотвраща́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predotvratítʹ",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "предотврати́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "frustrar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "omintetgöra"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "kullkasta"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "tamlaai",
"sense": "prevent from being accomplished",
"word": "ทำลาย"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish g-stem nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl/1 syllable",
"en:Stock characters",
"en:Swords"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "foilen",
"4": "",
"5": "spoil a scent trail by crossing it"
},
"expansion": "Middle English foilen (“spoil a scent trail by crossing it”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fouler",
"4": "",
"5": "tread on, trample"
},
"expansion": "Old French fouler (“tread on, trample”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fullō",
"4": "",
"5": "I trample, I full"
},
"expansion": "Latin fullō (“I trample, I full”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English foilen (“spoil a scent trail by crossing it”), from Old French fouler (“tread on, trample”), ultimately from Latin fullō (“I trample, I full”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foil (plural foils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1685, John Dryden, Threnodia Augustalis",
"text": "Nor e'er was fate so near a foil.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Failure when on the point of attainment; defeat; frustration; miscarriage."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"One of the incorrect answers presented in a multiple-choice test."
],
"links": [
[
"incorrect",
"incorrect"
],
[
"answer",
"answer"
],
[
"multiple-choice",
"multiple-choice"
],
[
"test",
"test"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish g-stem nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl/1 syllable",
"en:Stock characters",
"en:Swords"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "foulis"
},
"expansion": "French foulis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French foulis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foil (plural foils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Hunting"
],
"glosses": [
"The track of an animal."
],
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"track",
"track"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hunting) The track of an animal."
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "track of an animal",
"word": "spoor"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "track of an animal",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fært"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "track of an animal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spor"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish g-stem nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl/1 syllable",
"en:Stock characters",
"en:Swords"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "FOIL",
"3": "",
"4": "First Outside Inside Last"
},
"expansion": "FOIL (“First Outside Inside Last”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From mnemonic acronym FOIL (“First Outside Inside Last”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foil (third-person singular simple present foils, present participle foiling, simple past and past participle foiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Mathematics"
],
"glosses": [
"To expand a product of two or more algebraic expressions, typically binomials."
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"binomials",
"binomials"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) To expand a product of two or more algebraic expressions, typically binomials."
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to expand a product of two or more algebraic expressions, typically binomials",
"word": "uitwerken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to expand a product of two or more algebraic expressions, typically binomials",
"word": "kertoa"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish g-stem nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl/1 syllable",
"en:Stock characters",
"en:Swords"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "file"
},
"expansion": "file",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See file.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "foiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foil (third-person singular simple present foils, present participle foiling, simple past and past participle foiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To defile; to soil."
],
"links": [
[
"defile",
"defile"
],
[
"soil",
"soil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To defile; to soil."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish g-stem nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl/1 syllable",
"en:Stock characters",
"en:Swords"
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"forms": [
{
"form": "foils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foil (plural foils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "multifoil"
},
{
"word": "trefoil"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Architecture"
],
"glosses": [
"A small arc in the tracery of a window, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"arc",
"arc"
],
[
"tracery",
"tracery"
],
[
"window",
"window"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture) A small arc in the tracery of a window, etc."
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-foil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg/En-us-foil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/En-us-foil.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"foil"
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish g-stem nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "folium"
},
"expansion": "Latin folium",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "fueille"
},
"expansion": "fueille",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "folia"
},
"expansion": "folia",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin folium. Compare fueille, from the plural of folium, folia.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foil oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "fouz",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "foilz",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fouz",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "foilz",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "foil",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "foil oblique singular, m (oblique plural fouz or foilz, nominative singular fouz or foilz, nominative plural foil)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"leaf (green appendage of a plant which photosynthesizes)"
],
"links": [
[
"leaf",
"leaf"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feul"
},
{
"word": "foel"
},
{
"word": "fol"
},
{
"word": "fueill"
},
{
"word": "fuel"
},
{
"word": "fuil"
}
],
"word": "foil"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish g-stem nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "muccfoil"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "fail"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: fail",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: fail"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "fail"
},
"expansion": "Irish: fail",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: fail"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "fail"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: fail",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: fail"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*uɸolexs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *uɸolexs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*uɸo-",
"3": "*legeti",
"alt2": "*leg-",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "under",
"t2": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "*uɸo- (“under”) + *leg- (“to lie”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gwâl",
"t": "lair, pigsty"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gwâl (“lair, pigsty”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *uɸolexs, from *uɸo- (“under”) + *leg- (“to lie”). Cognate with Welsh gwâl (“lair, pigsty”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "folach",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-k&g",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "g-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Feminine g-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "foil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "foil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "foilgea",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "foilgea",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "foilgib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "foilgib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "foil",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "ḟoil",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "foil",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "folach",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "foil f (genitive folach)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "folach"
},
"expansion": "foil f (genitive folach)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "g",
"2": "folaig",
"3": "folach",
"acc_pl": "foilgea",
"dat_pl": "foilgib",
"g": "f"
},
"name": "sga-decl-k&g"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "folaig+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "foilgea",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "folaig+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "g-f",
"dat_du": "foilgib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "foilgib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "folaig+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "folach",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "folach+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "folach",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "folaig+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "folaig",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "foil",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "folaig+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "foilgea",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "foil",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "oil"
},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "glossing Latin armillam (“bracelet”)",
"text": "foil",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ring, bracelet"
],
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"bracelet",
"bracelet"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pigsty"
],
"links": [
[
"pigsty",
"pigsty"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "foil"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.