See dough on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for dough meaning in All languages combined (35.8kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bread dough"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cookie dough"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dough-baked"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "doughboy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dough-faced"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dough gob"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dough goddy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "doughnut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dough scraper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "doughy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "fried dough"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hard dough bread"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "mother dough"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "roll in dough"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rolling in dough"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "salt dough"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "starter dough"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeyǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dow"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dow",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dogh"
},
"expansion": "dogh",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dagh"
},
"expansion": "dagh",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dāg"
},
"expansion": "Old English dāg",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*daigaz",
"4": "",
"5": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *daigaz (“dough”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeyǵʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to knead, form, mold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form, mold”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "daich"
},
"expansion": "Scots daich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dauch"
},
"expansion": "dauch",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "doach",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "doach (“dough”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "daai",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian daai (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "deeg",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Dutch deeg (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Deeg",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Low German Deeg (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Teig",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "German Teig (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "deig",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål deig (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dej",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Danish dej (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "deg",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Swedish deg (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "deig",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic deig (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dow, dogh, dagh, from Old English dāg, from Proto-Germanic *daigaz (“dough”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form, mold”). Cognate with Scots daich, dauch, doach (“dough”), West Frisian daai (“dough”), Dutch deeg (“dough”), Low German Deeg (“dough”), German Teig (“dough”), Norwegian Bokmål deig (“dough”), Danish dej (“dough”), Swedish deg (“dough”), Icelandic deig (“dough”).\nThe derivation of the second meaning (of money) is obscure, but dates to the mid 19th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doughs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "dough (usually uncountable, plural doughs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Food and drink",
"orig": "en:Food and drink",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Pizza dough is very stretchy.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A thick, malleable substance made by mixing flour with other ingredients such as water, eggs, and/or butter, that is made into a particular form and then baked."
],
"id": "en-dough-en-noun-J6stWZIy",
"links": [
[
"malleable",
"malleable"
],
[
"flour",
"flour"
],
[
"water",
"water"
],
[
"egg",
"egg"
],
[
"butter",
"butter"
],
[
"bake",
"bake"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brumë"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ale",
"lang": "Aleut",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "tiistax̂"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "apw",
"lang": "Western Apache",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ikʼan nastʼood"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕajīn",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "عَجِين"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕajīna",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عَجِينَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕagīn",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "عجين"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕjina",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "عْجينة"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "arc",
"lang": "Aramaic",
"roman": "layšā, layšo",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Hebrew",
"masculine"
],
"word": "לישא"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "arc",
"lang": "Aramaic",
"roman": "layšā, layšo",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Syriac",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܠܝܫܐ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xmor",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "խմոր"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "aloat"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "aluat"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "xəmir"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qamır",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ҡамыр"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ore"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "cjésta",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "це́ста"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "testó",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "тесто́"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "mun.nyak",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "မုန့်ညက်"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "massa"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "麵團"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "miàntuán",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "面团"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "生麵糰"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shēngmiàntuán",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "生面团"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "cv",
"lang": "Chuvash",
"roman": "čusta",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "чуста"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "nci",
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "textli"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "nci",
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "tlaoltextli"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "past"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "qamır"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "těsto"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "dej"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "deeg"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "pasto"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "taigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "deiggj"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "taikina"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "tahdas"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pâte"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masa"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amoado"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "comi",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ცომი"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Teig"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "daigs",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌲𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "zými",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ζύμη"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "staîs",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "σταῖς"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "phúrama",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φύραμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "batsék",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "בָּצֵק"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "āṭā",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "आटा"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "tészta"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "deig"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "pasto"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "adonan"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "taikina"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "taos"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "impasto"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"alt": "きじ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kiji",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "生地"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"alt": "ねりこ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "neriko",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "練り粉"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "ğuyr",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "һуйр"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qamyr",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "қамыр"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "msav liep tɨk",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ម្សៅលាបទឹក"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "tteok",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "떡"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "banjuk",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "반죽"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "xamur",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "хамур"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "hewîr",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ھەویر"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hevîr"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "kamır",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "камыр"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "farīna"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mīkla"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tešla"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Deeg"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "testo",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "тесто"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "doh"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "anyu"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "pokenga"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "frr",
"lang": "North Frisian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Föhr-Amrum",
"neuter"
],
"word": "dii"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "deig"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "massa"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Church Slavic",
"roman": "těsto",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "тѣсто"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Church Slavic",
"roman": "těsto",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Glagolitic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "ⱅⱑⱄⱅⱁ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "orv",
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"roman": "těsto",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "тѣсто"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dāg"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xamir",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "خمیر"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Dieech"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Däjch"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "pox",
"lang": "Polabian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ťostü"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ciasto"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "pnt",
"lang": "Pontic Greek",
"roman": "zymári",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ζυμάρι"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "massa"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "macka"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xumer"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "aluat"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cocă"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tésto",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "те́сто"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "stq",
"lang": "Saterland Friesian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "Dee"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "daich"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "taois"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Ekavian",
"neuter"
],
"word": "те̑сто"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Ijekavian"
],
"word": "тије̑сто"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Ekavian",
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "tȇsto"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Ijekavian",
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "tijȇsto"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cesto"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "testo"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "śěsto"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masa"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "sva",
"lang": "Svan",
"roman": "qic",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ჴიც"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "mahamri"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8"
],
"word": "kinyunya"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "deg"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "tapay"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "masa"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "xamir",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "хамир"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "rif",
"lang": "Tarifit",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aršti"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "qamır",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "камыр"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "doo",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "โด"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "spag",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "སྤག"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "hamur"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "hamyr"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tísto",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ті́сто"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "xëmir",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "خېمىر"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "xamir"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "bột"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "bột nhồ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "bột nhào"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "bột nhão"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "påsse"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "toes"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "daai"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "yka",
"lang": "Yakan",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "addun"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "teyg",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "טייג"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 0 18",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "mir (diq)"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "His mortgage payments left him short on dough.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1906, O. Henry, “From the Cabby's Seat”, in The Four Million, page 170",
"text": "\"I want to see four dollars before goin' any further on th' thrip. Have ye got th' dough?\"",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021 January 13, Gillian Friedman, “Jobless, Selling Nudes Online and Still Struggling”, in The New York Times, →ISSN",
"text": "“It is already an incredibly saturated market,” Ms. Jones said of explicit content online. “The idea that people are just going to open up an OnlyFans account and start raking in the dough is really misguided.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"money"
],
"id": "en-dough-en-noun-jSrItY6t",
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, somewhat dated) money"
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"slang",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "aqsa",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "аҡса"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mangizi",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "мангизи"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "calés"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "錢"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qián",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "钱"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "prachy"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mula"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "hillo"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fric"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oseille"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "galette"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pognon"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "blé"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "thune"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "flouze"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grisbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "maq̇uti",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "მაყუთი"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Knete"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "parádes",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "παράδες"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "frágka",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "φράγκα"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "dohány"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "malloppo"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "forsa"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grana"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mălai"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bábki",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ба́бки"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "babló",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "бабло́"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bášli",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ба́шли"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "babósy",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "бабо́сы"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "babúlʹki",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "бабу́льки"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "guita"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plata"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mosca"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lana"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "tela"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cuartos"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "parné"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "perras"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "mahamri"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "deg"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 12",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "kert"
}
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "doughboy"
},
{
"word": "infantryman"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"clipping of doughboy, infantryman"
],
"id": "en-dough-en-noun-FBsW1VaK",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"doughboy",
"doughboy#English"
],
[
"infantryman",
"infantryman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US military slang, countable) clipping of doughboy, infantryman"
],
"tags": [
"US",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"countable",
"slang",
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dəʊ/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/doʊ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdö̞ʷʊ̯ʷ]",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dʌf/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "doh"
},
{
"homophone": "d'oh"
},
{
"homophone": "doe"
},
{
"homophone": "do (in music)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-dough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-dough.ogg/En-uk-dough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-dough.ogg",
"tags": [
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"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/En-us-dough.ogg/En-us-dough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/En-us-dough.ogg",
"tags": [
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],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "doff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "duff"
}
],
"word": "dough"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
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},
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"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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{
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{
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{
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
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},
{
"args": {
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},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "daich"
},
"expansion": "Scots daich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dauch"
},
"expansion": "dauch",
"name": "m"
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{
"args": {
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},
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},
{
"args": {
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"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "deeg",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Dutch deeg (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Deeg",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Low German Deeg (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Teig",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "German Teig (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "deig",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål deig (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dej",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Danish dej (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "deg",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Swedish deg (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "deig",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic deig (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dow, dogh, dagh, from Old English dāg, from Proto-Germanic *daigaz (“dough”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form, mold”). Cognate with Scots daich, dauch, doach (“dough”), West Frisian daai (“dough”), Dutch deeg (“dough”), Low German Deeg (“dough”), German Teig (“dough”), Norwegian Bokmål deig (“dough”), Danish dej (“dough”), Swedish deg (“dough”), Icelandic deig (“dough”).\nThe derivation of the second meaning (of money) is obscure, but dates to the mid 19th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doughs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "doughing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "doughed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "doughed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "dough (third-person singular simple present doughs, present participle doughing, simple past and past participle doughed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 1 23 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 1 34 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 1 28 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Moroccan Arabic links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dougher"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The flour was doughed with a suitable quantity of water.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make into dough."
],
"id": "en-dough-en-verb-IXWuy9TL",
"links": [
[
"dough",
"dough"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make into dough."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dəʊ/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/doʊ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdö̞ʷʊ̯ʷ]",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dʌf/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "doh"
},
{
"homophone": "d'oh"
},
{
"homophone": "doe"
},
{
"homophone": "do (in music)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-dough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-dough.ogg/En-uk-dough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-dough.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/En-us-dough.ogg/En-us-dough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/En-us-dough.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "doff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "duff"
}
],
"word": "dough"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeyǵʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Moroccan Arabic links with redundant target parameters",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ/1 syllable",
"en:Food and drink"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bread dough"
},
{
"word": "cookie dough"
},
{
"word": "dough-baked"
},
{
"word": "doughboy"
},
{
"word": "dough-faced"
},
{
"word": "dough gob"
},
{
"word": "dough goddy"
},
{
"word": "doughnut"
},
{
"word": "dough scraper"
},
{
"word": "doughy"
},
{
"word": "fried dough"
},
{
"word": "hard dough bread"
},
{
"word": "mother dough"
},
{
"word": "roll in dough"
},
{
"word": "rolling in dough"
},
{
"word": "salt dough"
},
{
"word": "starter dough"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeyǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
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"expansion": "Middle English dow",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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},
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"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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{
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"expansion": "Old English dāg",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
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"5": "dough"
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{
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
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},
"expansion": "Scots daich",
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{
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{
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"4": "dough"
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"expansion": "West Frisian daai (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "deeg",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Dutch deeg (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Deeg",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "deig",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål deig (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dej",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
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"name": "cog"
},
{
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"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Swedish deg (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "deig",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic deig (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dow, dogh, dagh, from Old English dāg, from Proto-Germanic *daigaz (“dough”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form, mold”). Cognate with Scots daich, dauch, doach (“dough”), West Frisian daai (“dough”), Dutch deeg (“dough”), Low German Deeg (“dough”), German Teig (“dough”), Norwegian Bokmål deig (“dough”), Danish dej (“dough”), Swedish deg (“dough”), Icelandic deig (“dough”).\nThe derivation of the second meaning (of money) is obscure, but dates to the mid 19th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doughs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "dough (usually uncountable, plural doughs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Pizza dough is very stretchy.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A thick, malleable substance made by mixing flour with other ingredients such as water, eggs, and/or butter, that is made into a particular form and then baked."
],
"links": [
[
"malleable",
"malleable"
],
[
"flour",
"flour"
],
[
"water",
"water"
],
[
"egg",
"egg"
],
[
"butter",
"butter"
],
[
"bake",
"bake"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "His mortgage payments left him short on dough.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1906, O. Henry, “From the Cabby's Seat”, in The Four Million, page 170",
"text": "\"I want to see four dollars before goin' any further on th' thrip. Have ye got th' dough?\"",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021 January 13, Gillian Friedman, “Jobless, Selling Nudes Online and Still Struggling”, in The New York Times, →ISSN",
"text": "“It is already an incredibly saturated market,” Ms. Jones said of explicit content online. “The idea that people are just going to open up an OnlyFans account and start raking in the dough is really misguided.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"money"
],
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, somewhat dated) money"
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"slang",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "doughboy"
},
{
"word": "infantryman"
}
],
"categories": [
"American English",
"English clippings",
"English countable nouns",
"English military slang"
],
"glosses": [
"clipping of doughboy, infantryman"
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"doughboy",
"doughboy#English"
],
[
"infantryman",
"infantryman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US military slang, countable) clipping of doughboy, infantryman"
],
"tags": [
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"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"countable",
"slang",
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dəʊ/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/doʊ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdö̞ʷʊ̯ʷ]",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dʌf/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "doh"
},
{
"homophone": "d'oh"
},
{
"homophone": "doe"
},
{
"homophone": "do (in music)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-dough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-dough.ogg/En-uk-dough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-dough.ogg",
"tags": [
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"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/En-us-dough.ogg/En-us-dough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/En-us-dough.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dow"
},
{
"word": "doff"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "duff"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brumë"
},
{
"code": "ale",
"lang": "Aleut",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "tiistax̂"
},
{
"code": "apw",
"lang": "Western Apache",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ikʼan nastʼood"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕajīn",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "عَجِين"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕajīna",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عَجِينَة"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕagīn",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "عجين"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕjina",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "عْجينة"
},
{
"code": "arc",
"lang": "Aramaic",
"roman": "layšā, layšo",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Hebrew",
"masculine"
],
"word": "לישא"
},
{
"code": "arc",
"lang": "Aramaic",
"roman": "layšā, layšo",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Syriac",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܠܝܫܐ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xmor",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "խմոր"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "aloat"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "aluat"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "xəmir"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qamır",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ҡамыр"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ore"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "cjésta",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "це́ста"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "testó",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "тесто́"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "mun.nyak",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "မုန့်ညက်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "massa"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "麵團"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "miàntuán",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "面团"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "生麵糰"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shēngmiàntuán",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "生面团"
},
{
"code": "cv",
"lang": "Chuvash",
"roman": "čusta",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "чуста"
},
{
"code": "nci",
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "textli"
},
{
"code": "nci",
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "tlaoltextli"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "past"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "qamır"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "těsto"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "dej"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "deeg"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "pasto"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "taigen"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "deiggj"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "taikina"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "tahdas"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pâte"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masa"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amoado"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "comi",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ცომი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Teig"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "daigs",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌲𐍃"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "zými",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ζύμη"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "staîs",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "σταῖς"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "phúrama",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φύραμα"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "batsék",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "בָּצֵק"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "āṭā",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "आटा"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "tészta"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "deig"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "pasto"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "adonan"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "taikina"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "taos"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "impasto"
},
{
"alt": "きじ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kiji",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "生地"
},
{
"alt": "ねりこ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "neriko",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "練り粉"
},
{
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "ğuyr",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "һуйр"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qamyr",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "қамыр"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "msav liep tɨk",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ម្សៅលាបទឹក"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "tteok",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "떡"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "banjuk",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "반죽"
},
{
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "xamur",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "хамур"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "hewîr",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ھەویر"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hevîr"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "kamır",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "камыр"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "farīna"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mīkla"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tešla"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Deeg"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "testo",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "тесто"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "doh"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "anyu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "pokenga"
},
{
"code": "frr",
"lang": "North Frisian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Föhr-Amrum",
"neuter"
],
"word": "dii"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "deig"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "massa"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Church Slavic",
"roman": "těsto",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "тѣсто"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Church Slavic",
"roman": "těsto",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Glagolitic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "ⱅⱑⱄⱅⱁ"
},
{
"code": "orv",
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"roman": "těsto",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "тѣсто"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dāg"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xamir",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "خمیر"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Dieech"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Däjch"
},
{
"code": "pox",
"lang": "Polabian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ťostü"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ciasto"
},
{
"code": "pnt",
"lang": "Pontic Greek",
"roman": "zymári",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ζυμάρι"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "massa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "macka"
},
{
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xumer"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "aluat"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cocă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tésto",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "те́сто"
},
{
"code": "stq",
"lang": "Saterland Friesian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "Dee"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "daich"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "taois"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Ekavian",
"neuter"
],
"word": "те̑сто"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Ijekavian"
],
"word": "тије̑сто"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Ekavian",
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "tȇsto"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"Ijekavian",
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "tijȇsto"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cesto"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "testo"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "śěsto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"code": "sva",
"lang": "Svan",
"roman": "qic",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "ჴიც"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "mahamri"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8"
],
"word": "kinyunya"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "deg"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "tapay"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "masa"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "xamir",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "хамир"
},
{
"code": "rif",
"lang": "Tarifit",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aršti"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "qamır",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "камыр"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "doo",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "โด"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "spag",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "སྤག"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "hamur"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "hamyr"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tísto",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ті́сто"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "xëmir",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "خېمىر"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "xamir"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "bột"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "bột nhồ"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "bột nhào"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "bột nhão"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "påsse"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "toes"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "daai"
},
{
"code": "yka",
"lang": "Yakan",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "addun"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "teyg",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "טייג"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "mix of flour and other ingredients",
"word": "mir (diq)"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "aqsa",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "аҡса"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mangizi",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "мангизи"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "calés"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "錢"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qián",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "钱"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "prachy"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mula"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saaf"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "hillo"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fric"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oseille"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "galette"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pognon"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "blé"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "thune"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "flouze"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grisbi"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "maq̇uti",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "მაყუთი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Knete"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "parádes",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "παράδες"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "frágka",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "φράγκα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "dohány"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "malloppo"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "forsa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grana"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mălai"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bábki",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ба́бки"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "babló",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "бабло́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bášli",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ба́шли"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "babósy",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "бабо́сы"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "babúlʹki",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "бабу́льки"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "guita"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plata"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mosca"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lana"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "tela"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cuartos"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "parné"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "perras"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "mahamri"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "deg"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "money (slang)",
"word": "kert"
}
],
"word": "dough"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeyǵʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Moroccan Arabic links with redundant target parameters",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ/1 syllable",
"en:Food and drink"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dougher"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeyǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dow"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dow",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dogh"
},
"expansion": "dogh",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dagh"
},
"expansion": "dagh",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dāg"
},
"expansion": "Old English dāg",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*daigaz",
"4": "",
"5": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *daigaz (“dough”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeyǵʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to knead, form, mold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form, mold”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "daich"
},
"expansion": "Scots daich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dauch"
},
"expansion": "dauch",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "doach",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "doach (“dough”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "daai",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian daai (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "deeg",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Dutch deeg (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Deeg",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Low German Deeg (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Teig",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "German Teig (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "deig",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål deig (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dej",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Danish dej (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "deg",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Swedish deg (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "deig",
"3": "",
"4": "dough"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic deig (“dough”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dow, dogh, dagh, from Old English dāg, from Proto-Germanic *daigaz (“dough”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form, mold”). Cognate with Scots daich, dauch, doach (“dough”), West Frisian daai (“dough”), Dutch deeg (“dough”), Low German Deeg (“dough”), German Teig (“dough”), Norwegian Bokmål deig (“dough”), Danish dej (“dough”), Swedish deg (“dough”), Icelandic deig (“dough”).\nThe derivation of the second meaning (of money) is obscure, but dates to the mid 19th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doughs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "doughing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "doughed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "doughed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dough (third-person singular simple present doughs, present participle doughing, simple past and past participle doughed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The flour was doughed with a suitable quantity of water.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make into dough."
],
"links": [
[
"dough",
"dough"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make into dough."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dəʊ/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/doʊ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdö̞ʷʊ̯ʷ]",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dʌf/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "doh"
},
{
"homophone": "d'oh"
},
{
"homophone": "doe"
},
{
"homophone": "do (in music)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-dough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-dough.ogg/En-uk-dough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-dough.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/En-us-dough.ogg/En-us-dough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/En-us-dough.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dow"
},
{
"word": "doff"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "duff"
}
],
"word": "dough"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.