See -ка on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -ка meaning in All languages combined (21.3kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ъka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ъka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъka",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ьka"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ьka",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъka and Proto-Slavic *-ьka (the latter causes palatalization of preceding velars).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "-чица",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ка",
"roman": "-ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ки",
"roman": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ката",
"roman": "-kata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ките",
"roman": "-kite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "diminutive",
"4": "-чица"
},
"expansion": "-ка • (-ka) (diminutive -чица)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ка</pl:ки/ind:ка/def:ката>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 14 16 4 18 20 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "брой (broj) + -ка (-ka) → бро́йка (brójka)"
},
{
"text": "жи́ца (žíca) + -ка (-ka) → жи́чка (žíčka)"
},
{
"text": "кни́га (kníga) + -ка (-ka) → кни́жка (knížka)"
},
{
"text": "пи́та (píta) + -ка (-ka) → пи́тка (pítka)"
},
{
"text": "Снежа́на (Snežána) + -ка (-ka) → Снежа́нка (Snežánka)"
},
{
"text": "Мари́я (Maríja) + -ка (-ka) → Мари́йка (Maríjka)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms diminutives of feminine nouns, including personal names:",
"Forms diminutives of feminine nouns, including personal names"
],
"id": "en--ка-bg-suffix-56GskVnU",
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms diminutives of feminine nouns, including personal names:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 14 16 4 18 20 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "бял (bjal) + -ка (-ka) → бе́лка (bélka)"
},
{
"text": "горчи́в (gorčív) + -ка (-ka) → горчи́вка (gorčívka)"
},
{
"text": "лис (lis) + -ка (-ka) → ли́ска (líska)"
},
{
"text": "ме́ден (méden) + -ка (-ka) → ме́денка (médenka)"
},
{
"text": "здрав (zdrav) + -ка (-ka) → Здра́вка (Zdrávka)"
},
{
"text": "рад (rad) + -ка (-ka) → Ра́дка (Rádka)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms feminine nouns (including personal names) from adjectives:",
"Forms feminine nouns (including personal names) from adjectives"
],
"id": "en--ка-bg-suffix-q9OciLsv",
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms feminine nouns (including personal names) from adjectives:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 14 16 4 18 20 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "гле́дам (glédam) + -ка (-ka) → гле́дка (glédka)"
},
{
"text": "ме́ря (mérja) + -ка (-ka) → мя́рка (mjárka)"
},
{
"text": "плета́ (pletá) + -ка (-ka) → пле́тка (plétka)"
},
{
"text": "стъ́пя (stǎ́pja) + -ка (-ka) → стъ́пка (stǎ́pka)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms resultant or abstract nouns from verbs:",
"Forms resultant or abstract nouns from verbs"
],
"id": "en--ка-bg-suffix-j5yJZBr1",
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms resultant or abstract nouns from verbs:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "гре́я (gréja) + -ка (-ka) → гре́йка (gréjka)"
},
{
"text": "държа́ (dǎržá) + -ка (-ka) → дръ́жка (drǎ́žka)"
},
{
"text": "люле́я (ljuléja) + -ка (-ka) → лю́лка (ljúlka)"
},
{
"text": "цедя́ (cedjá) + -ка (-ka) → це́дка (cédka)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms instrumental nouns from verbs:",
"Forms instrumental nouns from verbs"
],
"id": "en--ка-bg-suffix-jUZFjWns",
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms instrumental nouns from verbs:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 14 16 4 18 20 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "доя́ (dojá) + -ка (-ka) → до́йка (dójka)"
},
{
"text": "ква́кам (kvákam) + -ка (-ka) → ква́чка (kváčka)"
},
{
"text": "роди́ла (rodíla) + -ка (-ka) → роди́лка (rodílka)"
},
{
"text": "хубаве́ла (hubavéla) + -ка (-ka) → хубаве́лка (hubavélka)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms agent nouns from verbs or participles:",
"Forms agent nouns from verbs or participles"
],
"id": "en--ка-bg-suffix-f0Mj-IQh",
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms agent nouns from verbs or participles:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 14 16 4 18 20 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "друг (drug) + -ка (-ka) → дру́жка (drúžka)"
},
{
"text": "глупа́к (glupák) + -ка (-ka) → глупа́чка (glupáčka)"
},
{
"text": "жетва́р (žetvár) + -ка (-ka) → жетва́рка (žetvárka)"
},
{
"text": "селя́нин (seljánin) + -ка (-ka) → селя́нка (seljánka) (nouns in -анин/-янин lose the ending -ин)"
},
{
"text": "съсе́д (sǎséd) + -ка (-ka) → съсе́дка (sǎsédka)"
},
{
"text": "учи́тел (učítel) + -ка (-ka) → учи́телка (učítelka)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms feminine counter-parts to masculine agent nouns:",
"Forms feminine counter-parts to masculine agent nouns"
],
"id": "en--ка-bg-suffix-dZRepUdh",
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms feminine counter-parts to masculine agent nouns:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "въш (vǎš) + -ка (-ka) → въ́шка (vǎ́ška)"
},
{
"text": "гъс (gǎs) + -ка (-ka) → гъска (gǎska)"
},
{
"text": "кот (kot) + -ка (-ka) → ко́тка (kótka)"
},
{
"text": "миш (miš) + -ка (-ka) → ми́шка (míška)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms secondary animal names from earlier root-athematic forms (which often have become obsolete):",
"Forms secondary animal names from earlier root-athematic forms (which often have become obsolete)"
],
"id": "en--ка-bg-suffix-DYPfnIA-",
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms secondary animal names from earlier root-athematic forms (which often have become obsolete):"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "днес (dnes) + -ка (-ka) → дне́ска (dnéska)"
},
{
"text": "ноще́с (noštés) + -ка (-ka) → ноще́ска (noštéska)"
},
{
"text": "зимъ́с (zimǎ́s) + -ка (-ka) → зимъ́ска (zimǎ́ska)"
},
{
"text": "завча́с (zavčás) + -ка (-ka) → завча́ска (zavčáska)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creates emphatic forms of certain temporal adverbs."
],
"id": "en--ка-bg-suffix-Rm5u-zAm",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7918 (bul)-Kiril kovachev--ка.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev--%D0%BA%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev--%D0%BA%D0%B0.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev--%D0%BA%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev--%D0%BA%D0%B0.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ка"
},
"expansion": "Russian -ка (-ka)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Russian -ка (-ka).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ка • (-ka)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"lang_code": "kpv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 53 15 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Komi-Zyrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ай (aj, “father”) → айка (ajka, “father-in-law”)"
},
{
"text": "энь (eń, “mother”) → энька (eńka, “mother-in-law”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns denoting in-law family members;"
],
"id": "en--ка-kpv-suffix-aHAvvkm6",
"qualifier": "unproductive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(unproductive) Forms nouns denoting in-law family members;"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "зон (zon, “son”) → зонка (zonka, “boy”)"
},
{
"text": "ныв (nyv, “daughter”) → нывка (nyvka, “girl”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns with a broader meaning from kinship terms;"
],
"id": "en--ка-kpv-suffix-r95JkrDW",
"qualifier": "unproductive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(unproductive) Forms nouns with a broader meaning from kinship terms;"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Forms diminutives."
],
"id": "en--ка-kpv-suffix-mWZIIhh0",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Forms diminutives."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ka/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-kä]"
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "urj-prm-pro",
"3": "*kwola",
"4": "*kwo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Permic *kwo-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Permic *kwo-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "-ка • (-ka)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"lang_code": "kpv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kerka",
"word": "керка"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dwelling"
],
"id": "en--ка-kpv-noun-ooD4RsGl",
"links": [
[
"dwelling",
"dwelling"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in compounds) dwelling"
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ka/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-kä]"
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ъka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ъka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъka",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "diminutive suffixes",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-ка • (-ka) f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a part, profession, feature, membership, origin, social status, complexion, proper name, abstract noun or animal's name."
],
"id": "en--ка-mk-suffix-K~BK3Jux",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Appended to feminine nouns creates diminutive forms."
],
"id": "en--ка-mk-suffix-f3h18qdB",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka]"
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crp-slb",
"2": "-ка"
},
"expansion": "Solombala English: -ка (-ka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Solombala English: -ка (-ka)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "-k",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingrian: -k",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingrian: -k"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "-ка • (-ka)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 36 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 43 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with irregular genitive plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Just come here!",
"roman": "Idíte-ka sjudá",
"text": "Иди́те-ка сюда́",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Now listen, lad!",
"roman": "Poslúšaj-ka, párenʹ",
"text": "Послу́шай-ка, па́рень",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"now, just (usually appended to an imperative verb to express a pressing request)"
],
"id": "en--ка-ru-particle-m8wRIJRc",
"links": [
[
"now",
"now"
],
[
"just",
"just"
]
]
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ьka"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ьka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ъka"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Slavic first palatalization"
},
"expansion": "Slavic first palatalization",
"name": "glink"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a conflation of two suffixes Proto-Slavic *-ьka and Proto-Slavic *-ъka. The former always came to be used after velars (hence the occurrence of the Slavic first palatalization), while the latter always came to be used after -л- (hence the lack of palatalization of -л- before -ка).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "velar-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ка",
"roman": "-ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ки",
"roman": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ки",
"roman": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ок",
"roman": "-ok",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ек",
"roman": "-ek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ке",
"roman": "-ke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-кам",
"roman": "-kam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ку",
"roman": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ки",
"roman": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-кой",
"roman": "-koj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-кою",
"roman": "-koju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ками",
"roman": "-kami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ке",
"roman": "-ke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ках",
"roman": "-kax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ка • (-ka)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "-ók",
"word": "-о́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "-očka",
"word": "-очка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "-ečka",
"word": "-ечка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "-iška",
"word": "-ишка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "-to",
"word": "-то"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 36 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 53 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 43 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with irregular genitive plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "жи́ла (žíla, “vein”) + -ка (-ka) → жи́лка (žílka, “veinlet, small vein”)"
},
{
"text": "моги́ла (mogíla, “grave”) + -ка (-ka) → моги́лка (mogílka, “small grave”)"
},
{
"text": "бума́га (bumága, “paper, document”) + -ка (-ka) → бума́жка (bumážka, “small document”)"
},
{
"text": "ку́кла (kúkla, “doll, puppet”) (genitive plural ку́кол (kúkol)) + -ка (-ka) → ку́колка (kúkolka, “small doll, pupa”)"
},
{
"text": "пчела́ (pčelá, “bee”) + -ка (-ka) → пчёлка (pčólka, “small bee”)"
},
{
"text": "вода́ (vodá, “water”) + -ка (-ka) → во́дка (vódka, “vodka”) (originally, \"something diluted with water\")"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(added to (normally feminine) nouns, forms diminutives, sometimes with a further change in meaning)"
],
"id": "en--ка-ru-suffix-l6oRnihF",
"raw_tags": [
"added to (normally feminine) nouns",
"forms diminutives",
"with a further change in meaning"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 36 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 43 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with irregular genitive plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ленингра́дец (leningrádec, “resident of Leningrad”) + -ка (-ka) → ленингра́дка (leningrádka, “female resident of Leningrad”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(added to nouns denoting classes of people, forms the feminine equivalent; replaces the suffix -ец (-ec) if present)"
],
"id": "en--ка-ru-suffix-tZpjZm29",
"links": [
[
"-ец",
"-ец#Russian"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to nouns denoting classes of people",
"forms the feminine equivalent"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ъka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ъka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъka",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ка (Latin spelling -ka)",
"name": "sh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a part, profession, feature, membership, origin, social status, complexion, proper name, abstract noun or animal's name."
],
"id": "en--ка-sh-suffix-K~BK3Jux",
"related": [
{
"word": "-инка"
},
{
"word": "-енка"
},
{
"word": "-овка"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "crp-slb",
"2": "ru",
"3": "-ка",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Russian -ка (-ka)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "crp-slb",
"2": "ru",
"3": "-ка"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Russian -ка (-ka)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "crp-slb",
"2": "zle-mru",
"3": "orv",
"4": "sla-pro",
"5": "ine-bsl-pro",
"6": "ine-pro",
"inh": "5"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Russian -ка (-ka).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crp-slb",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ка (-ka)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Solombala English",
"lang_code": "crp-slb",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Solombala English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "English much + -ка (-ka) → мачка (mačka, “much”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms colloquial adverbs."
],
"id": "en--ка-crp-slb-suffix-GOEFR~IS",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian suffixes",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Bulgarian terms with audio links"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ъka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ъka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъka",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ьka"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ьka",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъka and Proto-Slavic *-ьka (the latter causes palatalization of preceding velars).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "-чица",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ка",
"roman": "-ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ки",
"roman": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ката",
"roman": "-kata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ките",
"roman": "-kite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "diminutive",
"4": "-чица"
},
"expansion": "-ка • (-ka) (diminutive -чица)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ка</pl:ки/ind:ка/def:ката>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "брой (broj) + -ка (-ka) → бро́йка (brójka)"
},
{
"text": "жи́ца (žíca) + -ка (-ka) → жи́чка (žíčka)"
},
{
"text": "кни́га (kníga) + -ка (-ka) → кни́жка (knížka)"
},
{
"text": "пи́та (píta) + -ка (-ka) → пи́тка (pítka)"
},
{
"text": "Снежа́на (Snežána) + -ка (-ka) → Снежа́нка (Snežánka)"
},
{
"text": "Мари́я (Maríja) + -ка (-ka) → Мари́йка (Maríjka)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms diminutives of feminine nouns, including personal names:",
"Forms diminutives of feminine nouns, including personal names"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms diminutives of feminine nouns, including personal names:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "бял (bjal) + -ка (-ka) → бе́лка (bélka)"
},
{
"text": "горчи́в (gorčív) + -ка (-ka) → горчи́вка (gorčívka)"
},
{
"text": "лис (lis) + -ка (-ka) → ли́ска (líska)"
},
{
"text": "ме́ден (méden) + -ка (-ka) → ме́денка (médenka)"
},
{
"text": "здрав (zdrav) + -ка (-ka) → Здра́вка (Zdrávka)"
},
{
"text": "рад (rad) + -ка (-ka) → Ра́дка (Rádka)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms feminine nouns (including personal names) from adjectives:",
"Forms feminine nouns (including personal names) from adjectives"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms feminine nouns (including personal names) from adjectives:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "гле́дам (glédam) + -ка (-ka) → гле́дка (glédka)"
},
{
"text": "ме́ря (mérja) + -ка (-ka) → мя́рка (mjárka)"
},
{
"text": "плета́ (pletá) + -ка (-ka) → пле́тка (plétka)"
},
{
"text": "стъ́пя (stǎ́pja) + -ка (-ka) → стъ́пка (stǎ́pka)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms resultant or abstract nouns from verbs:",
"Forms resultant or abstract nouns from verbs"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms resultant or abstract nouns from verbs:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "гре́я (gréja) + -ка (-ka) → гре́йка (gréjka)"
},
{
"text": "държа́ (dǎržá) + -ка (-ka) → дръ́жка (drǎ́žka)"
},
{
"text": "люле́я (ljuléja) + -ка (-ka) → лю́лка (ljúlka)"
},
{
"text": "цедя́ (cedjá) + -ка (-ka) → це́дка (cédka)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms instrumental nouns from verbs:",
"Forms instrumental nouns from verbs"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms instrumental nouns from verbs:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "доя́ (dojá) + -ка (-ka) → до́йка (dójka)"
},
{
"text": "ква́кам (kvákam) + -ка (-ka) → ква́чка (kváčka)"
},
{
"text": "роди́ла (rodíla) + -ка (-ka) → роди́лка (rodílka)"
},
{
"text": "хубаве́ла (hubavéla) + -ка (-ka) → хубаве́лка (hubavélka)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms agent nouns from verbs or participles:",
"Forms agent nouns from verbs or participles"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms agent nouns from verbs or participles:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "друг (drug) + -ка (-ka) → дру́жка (drúžka)"
},
{
"text": "глупа́к (glupák) + -ка (-ka) → глупа́чка (glupáčka)"
},
{
"text": "жетва́р (žetvár) + -ка (-ka) → жетва́рка (žetvárka)"
},
{
"text": "селя́нин (seljánin) + -ка (-ka) → селя́нка (seljánka) (nouns in -анин/-янин lose the ending -ин)"
},
{
"text": "съсе́д (sǎséd) + -ка (-ka) → съсе́дка (sǎsédka)"
},
{
"text": "учи́тел (učítel) + -ка (-ka) → учи́телка (učítelka)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms feminine counter-parts to masculine agent nouns:",
"Forms feminine counter-parts to masculine agent nouns"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms feminine counter-parts to masculine agent nouns:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "въш (vǎš) + -ка (-ka) → въ́шка (vǎ́ška)"
},
{
"text": "гъс (gǎs) + -ка (-ka) → гъска (gǎska)"
},
{
"text": "кот (kot) + -ка (-ka) → ко́тка (kótka)"
},
{
"text": "миш (miš) + -ка (-ka) → ми́шка (míška)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms secondary animal names from earlier root-athematic forms (which often have become obsolete):",
"Forms secondary animal names from earlier root-athematic forms (which often have become obsolete)"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms secondary animal names from earlier root-athematic forms (which often have become obsolete):"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "днес (dnes) + -ка (-ka) → дне́ска (dnéska)"
},
{
"text": "ноще́с (noštés) + -ка (-ka) → ноще́ска (noštéska)"
},
{
"text": "зимъ́с (zimǎ́s) + -ка (-ka) → зимъ́ска (zimǎ́ska)"
},
{
"text": "завча́с (zavčás) + -ка (-ka) → завча́ска (zavčáska)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creates emphatic forms of certain temporal adverbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7918 (bul)-Kiril kovachev--ка.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev--%D0%BA%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev--%D0%BA%D0%B0.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev--%D0%BA%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev--%D0%BA%D0%B0.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"categories": [
"Komi-Zyrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Komi-Zyrian lemmas",
"Komi-Zyrian nouns",
"Komi-Zyrian suffixes",
"Komi-Zyrian terms derived from Proto-Permic",
"Komi-Zyrian terms inherited from Proto-Permic",
"Komi-Zyrian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ка"
},
"expansion": "Russian -ка (-ka)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Russian -ка (-ka).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ка • (-ka)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"lang_code": "kpv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ай (aj, “father”) → айка (ajka, “father-in-law”)"
},
{
"text": "энь (eń, “mother”) → энька (eńka, “mother-in-law”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns denoting in-law family members;"
],
"qualifier": "unproductive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(unproductive) Forms nouns denoting in-law family members;"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "зон (zon, “son”) → зонка (zonka, “boy”)"
},
{
"text": "ныв (nyv, “daughter”) → нывка (nyvka, “girl”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns with a broader meaning from kinship terms;"
],
"qualifier": "unproductive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(unproductive) Forms nouns with a broader meaning from kinship terms;"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Komi-Zyrian terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms diminutives."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Forms diminutives."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ka/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-kä]"
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"categories": [
"Komi-Zyrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Komi-Zyrian lemmas",
"Komi-Zyrian nouns",
"Komi-Zyrian terms derived from Proto-Permic",
"Komi-Zyrian terms inherited from Proto-Permic",
"Komi-Zyrian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kerka",
"word": "керка"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "urj-prm-pro",
"3": "*kwola",
"4": "*kwo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Permic *kwo-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Permic *kwo-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "-ка • (-ka)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"lang_code": "kpv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dwelling"
],
"links": [
[
"dwelling",
"dwelling"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in compounds) dwelling"
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ka/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-kä]"
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"categories": [
"Macedonian 1-syllable words",
"Macedonian diminutive suffixes",
"Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Macedonian feminine suffixes",
"Macedonian lemmas",
"Macedonian noun-forming suffixes",
"Macedonian oxytone terms",
"Macedonian suffixes",
"Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ъka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ъka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъka",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "diminutive suffixes",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-ка • (-ka) f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a part, profession, feature, membership, origin, social status, complexion, proper name, abstract noun or animal's name."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Appended to feminine nouns creates diminutive forms."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka]"
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian diminutive suffixes",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian irregular nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian noun-forming suffixes",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian nouns with irregular genitive plural",
"Russian particles",
"Russian suffixes",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian velar-stem feminine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian velar-stem feminine-form nouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crp-slb",
"2": "-ка"
},
"expansion": "Solombala English: -ка (-ka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Solombala English: -ка (-ka)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "-k",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingrian: -k",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingrian: -k"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "-ка • (-ka)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Just come here!",
"roman": "Idíte-ka sjudá",
"text": "Иди́те-ка сюда́",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Now listen, lad!",
"roman": "Poslúšaj-ka, párenʹ",
"text": "Послу́шай-ка, па́рень",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"now, just (usually appended to an imperative verb to express a pressing request)"
],
"links": [
[
"now",
"now"
],
[
"just",
"just"
]
]
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian diminutive suffixes",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian irregular nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian noun-forming suffixes",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian nouns with irregular genitive plural",
"Russian suffixes",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian velar-stem feminine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian velar-stem feminine-form nouns"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ьka"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ьka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ъka"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Slavic first palatalization"
},
"expansion": "Slavic first palatalization",
"name": "glink"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a conflation of two suffixes Proto-Slavic *-ьka and Proto-Slavic *-ъka. The former always came to be used after velars (hence the occurrence of the Slavic first palatalization), while the latter always came to be used after -л- (hence the lack of palatalization of -л- before -ка).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "velar-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ка",
"roman": "-ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ки",
"roman": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ки",
"roman": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ок",
"roman": "-ok",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ек",
"roman": "-ek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ке",
"roman": "-ke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-кам",
"roman": "-kam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ку",
"roman": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ки",
"roman": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-кой",
"roman": "-koj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-кою",
"roman": "-koju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ками",
"roman": "-kami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ке",
"roman": "-ke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ках",
"roman": "-kax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ка • (-ka)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"roman": "-ók",
"word": "-о́к"
},
{
"roman": "-očka",
"word": "-очка"
},
{
"roman": "-ečka",
"word": "-ечка"
},
{
"roman": "-iška",
"word": "-ишка"
},
{
"roman": "-to",
"word": "-то"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "жи́ла (žíla, “vein”) + -ка (-ka) → жи́лка (žílka, “veinlet, small vein”)"
},
{
"text": "моги́ла (mogíla, “grave”) + -ка (-ka) → моги́лка (mogílka, “small grave”)"
},
{
"text": "бума́га (bumága, “paper, document”) + -ка (-ka) → бума́жка (bumážka, “small document”)"
},
{
"text": "ку́кла (kúkla, “doll, puppet”) (genitive plural ку́кол (kúkol)) + -ка (-ka) → ку́колка (kúkolka, “small doll, pupa”)"
},
{
"text": "пчела́ (pčelá, “bee”) + -ка (-ka) → пчёлка (pčólka, “small bee”)"
},
{
"text": "вода́ (vodá, “water”) + -ка (-ka) → во́дка (vódka, “vodka”) (originally, \"something diluted with water\")"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(added to (normally feminine) nouns, forms diminutives, sometimes with a further change in meaning)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to (normally feminine) nouns",
"forms diminutives",
"with a further change in meaning"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ленингра́дец (leningrádec, “resident of Leningrad”) + -ка (-ka) → ленингра́дка (leningrádka, “female resident of Leningrad”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(added to nouns denoting classes of people, forms the feminine equivalent; replaces the suffix -ец (-ec) if present)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ец",
"-ец#Russian"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to nouns denoting classes of people",
"forms the feminine equivalent"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ъka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-ъka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъka",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ка (Latin spelling -ka)",
"name": "sh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-инка"
},
{
"word": "-енка"
},
{
"word": "-овка"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian suffixes",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic"
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a part, profession, feature, membership, origin, social status, complexion, proper name, abstract noun or animal's name."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "crp-slb",
"2": "ru",
"3": "-ка",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Russian -ка (-ka)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "crp-slb",
"2": "ru",
"3": "-ка"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Russian -ка (-ka)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "crp-slb",
"2": "zle-mru",
"3": "orv",
"4": "sla-pro",
"5": "ine-bsl-pro",
"6": "ine-pro",
"inh": "5"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Russian -ка (-ka).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crp-slb",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ка (-ka)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Solombala English",
"lang_code": "crp-slb",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Solombala English entries with incorrect language header",
"Solombala English lemmas",
"Solombala English suffixes",
"Solombala English terms derived from Middle Russian",
"Solombala English terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Solombala English terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Solombala English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Solombala English terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Solombala English terms derived from Russian",
"Solombala English terms inherited from Middle Russian",
"Solombala English terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Solombala English terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Solombala English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Solombala English terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Solombala English terms inherited from Russian"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "English much + -ка (-ka) → мачка (mačka, “much”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms colloquial adverbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ка"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: added to nouns denoting classes of people, forms the feminine equivalent; replaces the suffix -ец (-ec) if present",
"path": [
"-ка"
],
"section": "Russian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ка",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.