See supine in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for supine meaning in English (31.5kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "nonsupine"
},
{
"word": "prone"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonsupine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "non-supine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "semisupine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "semi-supine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "supinate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "supinated"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "supination"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "supinator"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "supinely"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "supineness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "supīnus"
},
"expansion": "Latin supīnus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "*sup-",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "*sup-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub",
"3": "",
"4": "under"
},
"expansion": "sub (“under”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-īnus",
"3": "",
"4": "of, pertaining to"
},
"expansion": "-īnus (“of, pertaining to”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "supí"
},
"expansion": "Catalan supí",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "supino"
},
"expansion": "Italian supino",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "sovin"
},
"expansion": "Old French sovin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "souvin"
},
"expansion": "Middle French souvin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "supin"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman supin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "sobin"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan sobin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "sopin"
},
"expansion": "sopin",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "supino"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese supino",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "supino"
},
"expansion": "Spanish supino",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "upweard",
"3": "",
"4": "upward, supine"
},
"expansion": "Old English upweard (“upward, supine”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "upward"
},
"expansion": "upward",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "supin",
"4": "",
"5": "supine of a Latin verb"
},
"expansion": "Middle English supin (“supine of a Latin verb”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "supin",
"4": "",
"5": "(grammar) supine"
},
"expansion": "Middle French supin (“(grammar) supine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "supīnum"
},
"expansion": "Latin supīnum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "supīnum verbum",
"3": "",
"4": "supine verb"
},
"expansion": "supīnum verbum (“supine verb”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "supīnus"
},
"expansion": "supīnus",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is borrowed from Latin supīnus, from *sup- (see sub (“under”)) + -īnus (“of, pertaining to”). The word is cognate with Catalan supí, Italian supino, Old French sovin, Middle French souvin, Anglo-Norman supin, Old Occitan sobin, sopin, Portuguese supino, Spanish supino. Partly displaced Old English upweard (“upward, supine”), whence Modern English upward.\nThe noun is from Late Middle English supin (“supine of a Latin verb”) or Middle French supin (“(grammar) supine”), from Latin supīnum, (ellipsis of supīnum verbum (“supine verb”)), from supīnus; further etymology above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more supine",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most supine",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "supine (comparative more supine, superlative most supine)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sup‧ine"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "resupine"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "prone"
},
{
"word": "prostrate"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 3 25 2 14 30 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "en:Personality",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1973 January 26, Paul C. Walter, Jon E. Villaume, Thomas J. Taylor, Phosphates: A Monograph (GRAS Monograph Series; nos. 86–88), [Philadelphia, Pa.?]: Franklin Institute Research Laboratories, →OCLC, page 16",
"text": "Data, in part previously reported by this laboratory (2, 9), on the effects of mannitol loads in supine subjects, and of saline infusions in both supine and standing subjects, have also been used in the construction of Table III and Figures 1 and 2.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Robert C. Shamberger, “Chest Wall Deformities”, in Thomas W. Shields, Joseph LoCicero III, Carolyn E. Reed, Richard H. Feins, editors, General Thoracic Surgery, 7th edition, volume I, Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Wolters Kluwer, part A (The Lung, Pleura, Diaphragm, and Chest Wall), section IX (The Chest Wall), page 603, column 1",
"text": "Posterior displacement of the sternum can produce a deformity of the heart, particularly anterior indentation of the right ventricle. [...] The physical work capacity in pectus excavatum at a given heart rate was significantly lower in the sitting than the supine position.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Lying on its back."
],
"id": "en-supine-en-adj-qRNVTlvJ",
"links": [
[
"Lying",
"lie#Verb"
],
[
"back",
"back#Noun"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "reclined"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "tigaya"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ležašt po grǎb",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "лежащ по гръб"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "ležící naznak"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "ležící na zádech"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "in rugligging"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "surdorse kuŝanta"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "selällään makaava"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "supinal"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "in Rückenlage"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ýptios",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "ύπτιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "húptios",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "ὕπτιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "praqdán",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "פְּרַקְדָּן"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "háton/hátán/hanyatt fekvő"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "á bakinu"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "liggja upp í loft"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "útafliggjandi"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "supino"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "supīnus"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "upweard"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "supino"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ležáščij na spiné",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "лежа́щий на спине́"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "supino"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "på rygg"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "ngǎai",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "หงาย"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ležačyj horilycʹ",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лежачий горілиць"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ležačyj na spyni",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лежачий на спині"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ležačyj navznak",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лежачий навзнак"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "ngả"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "ngả lưng"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "ngửa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 25 14 8 13 15 13",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medical body positions",
"orig": "en:Medical body positions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "when one is washing one’s face, the hand is in the supine position; and then the forearm is also in the supine position; when the foot is resting on the outer side of the sole, it is in the supine position",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Turned facing toward the body or upward: with the thumb outward (palm up), or with the big toe raised relative to the little toe."
],
"id": "en-supine-en-adj-RXJPa9XP",
"qualifier": "forearm or foot",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of the hand, forearm or foot) Turned facing toward the body or upward: with the thumb outward (palm up), or with the big toe raised relative to the little toe."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of the hand",
"of the hand"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 3 25 2 14 30 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "en:Personality",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1695, John Woodward, “Part II. Concerning the Universal Deluge. That These Marine Bodies were then Left at Land. The Effects It Had upon the Earth.”, in An Essay toward a Natural History of the Earth: […], London: Printed for Ric[hard] Wilkin […], →OCLC, pages 85–86",
"text": "[W]hen Man was fallen, and had abandoned his primitive Innocence, [...] he became puſillanimous, and was eaſily ruffled with every little Paſſion within: ſupine, and as openly expoſed to any Temptation or Aſſault from without.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009 July, Mark Elliott, “Torture, Deportation and Extra-judicial Detention: Instruments of the ‘War on Terror’”, in Cambridge Law Journal, volume 68, number 2, →DOI, pages 245 at 245–246",
"text": "In A v. UK, the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights held that Part 4 of the 2001 Act [the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001] was not a strictly necessary response to the acknowledged emergency evidenced by the attacks in the USA and that the detention of the applicants was in breach of Article 5 [of the European Convention on Human Rights]. This conclusion is noteworthy given that the European Court has in the past adopted a deferential if not supine approach when assessing the legality of derogations under Article 15.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011 December 15, Felicity Cloake, “How to cook the perfect nut roast”, in The Guardian, London, archived from the original on 2018-01-02",
"text": "A single slice of this could leave you supine in front of the Queen's speech without even the wherewithal to reach for the remote control.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Reluctant to take action due to indifference or moral weakness; apathetic or passive towards something."
],
"id": "en-supine-en-adj-GkjSRGv7",
"links": [
[
"Reluctant",
"reluctant"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"indifference",
"indifference"
],
[
"moral",
"moral#Adjective"
],
[
"weakness",
"weakness"
],
[
"apathetic",
"apathetic"
],
[
"passive",
"passive#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Reluctant to take action due to indifference or moral weakness; apathetic or passive towards something."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "passive"
},
{
"word": "peaceful"
},
{
"word": "lazy"
},
{
"word": "lethargic"
},
{
"word": "listless"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezdeen",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "бездеен"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "inerten",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "инертен"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "pasivní"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "laxní"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "passief"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "lethargisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "onverschillig"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "senmova"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "letargia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "passiivinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "saamaton"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "vetelä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "veltto"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "közönyös"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "tétlen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "passzív"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "bezwolny"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "passivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "letárgico"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "pasiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "letargic"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ledačyj",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ледачий"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 84 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bezdijalʹnyj",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бездіяльний"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Inclining or leaning backward; inclined, sloping."
],
"id": "en-supine-en-adj-aHZ3la6a",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"Inclining",
"incline#Verb"
],
[
"leaning",
"lean#Verb"
],
[
"backward",
"backward"
],
[
"inclined",
"inclined#Adjective"
],
[
"sloping",
"sloping#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, now poetic) Inclining or leaning backward; inclined, sloping."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "inclined"
},
{
"word": "sloping"
}
],
"tags": [
"poetic",
"rare"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 93",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "inclining or leaning backward",
"word": "geneigd"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 93",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "inclining or leaning backward",
"word": "klina"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 93",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inclining or leaning backward",
"word": "kallellaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 93",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "inclining or leaning backward",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inclinado"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈs(j)uːpaɪn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌsuˈpaɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsuˌpaɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːpaɪn"
},
{
"rhymes": "(General American) -aɪn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-supine.wav",
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}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "supine tense"
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],
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "la",
"3": "supīnus"
},
"expansion": "Latin supīnus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "*sup-",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "*sup-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub",
"3": "",
"4": "under"
},
"expansion": "sub (“under”)",
"name": "m"
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{
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"2": "-īnus",
"3": "",
"4": "of, pertaining to"
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"expansion": "-īnus (“of, pertaining to”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "supí"
},
"expansion": "Catalan supí",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "supino"
},
"expansion": "Italian supino",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "sovin"
},
"expansion": "Old French sovin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
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"2": "souvin"
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"expansion": "Middle French souvin",
"name": "cog"
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{
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"2": "supin"
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"expansion": "Anglo-Norman supin",
"name": "cog"
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{
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"2": "sobin"
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"expansion": "Old Occitan sobin",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "sopin"
},
"expansion": "sopin",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "supino"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese supino",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "supino"
},
"expansion": "Spanish supino",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "upweard",
"3": "",
"4": "upward, supine"
},
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"name": "ncog"
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{
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"2": "upward"
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"name": "m"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "supin",
"4": "",
"5": "supine of a Latin verb"
},
"expansion": "Middle English supin (“supine of a Latin verb”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Middle French supin (“(grammar) supine”)",
"name": "der"
},
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"3": "",
"4": "supine verb"
},
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{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "supīnus"
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"expansion": "supīnus",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is borrowed from Latin supīnus, from *sup- (see sub (“under”)) + -īnus (“of, pertaining to”). The word is cognate with Catalan supí, Italian supino, Old French sovin, Middle French souvin, Anglo-Norman supin, Old Occitan sobin, sopin, Portuguese supino, Spanish supino. Partly displaced Old English upweard (“upward, supine”), whence Modern English upward.\nThe noun is from Late Middle English supin (“supine of a Latin verb”) or Middle French supin (“(grammar) supine”), from Latin supīnum, (ellipsis of supīnum verbum (“supine verb”)), from supīnus; further etymology above.",
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"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
"ref": "1653, Charles Hoole, “Of the Supines of Simple Verbs”, in The Latine Grammar Fitted for the Use of Schools. […], 2nd corrected edition, London: Printed by William Du-Gard; and are to bee sold by John Saywell […], →OCLC, page 142",
"text": "And here also you may observ, that the syllable which is doubled in the Preterperfect tens is not doubled in the Supines, as totondi to clip, make's tonsum: cecídi to beat, cæsum: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1718, Richard Johnson, “Of Supines”, in Grammatical Commentaries: Being an Apparatus to a New National Grammar: […], London: Printed for the author, and sold by Thomas Bickerton, […], →OCLC, page 354",
"text": "There be alſo appertaining unto Verbs, two Supines, the one ending in um, which is called the firſt Supine, becauſe it hath the ſignification of the Verb Active: as, Eo amatum, I go to love: and the other in u, becauſe it hath for the moſt part the ſignification of Paſſive, as Difficilis amatu, hard to be loved.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1898, Henry Sweet, “Verbs”, in A New English Grammar: Logical and Historical (Clarendon Press Series), part II (Syntax), Oxford: At the Clarendon Press [by Horace Hart], →OCLC, §§ 2314 and 2315, page 118",
"text": "Of the large number of verbs which take the infinitive in Old-English the greater number are now followed by the supine. […] The substitution of the supine for the infinitive began in Old-English itself. Thus the supine of purpose, as in hīe cōmon þæt land tō sċēawienne 'they came to spy out the land,' gradually supplanted the older infinitive with many verbs of desiring, intending, attempting, etc., so that while such a verb as willan 'will' continued—as it still does in modern English—to take the infinitive only, other verbs of similar meaning, […] began to take the supine as well as the infinitive.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Emma Short, Alex George, “The Verb (Stearn, pp. 130–139)”, in A Primer of Botanical Latin with Vocabulary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, page 47",
"text": "If you must know, the verb finite (i.e. limited by person and number) has three persons, two numbers, six tenses and three moods, while the verb infinite (not so limited) has infinitives, three participles, the gerund and gerundive and two supines.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Virginia Hill, Gabriela Albiou, “Supine Clauses: On the Road to Balkanization”, in Verb Movement and Clause Structure in Old Romanian (Oxford Studies in Diachronic & Historical Linguistics), Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 267",
"text": "The chapter focuses on the supine clause, which is a language-specific construction. An example is offered in (1): the aspectual verb isprăvi 'finish' selects a clausal complement that contains a supine verb. We know that the supine is a verb because its direct object is in unmarked Case (i.e. Accusative). Supine nouns, like any regular noun, have the direct object marked for Genitive Case. […] The emergence and the spread of the supine clause is very well captured in the Old Romanian texts, a situation that contrasts with the incomplete information we have about other clausal complements.",
"type": "quotation"
}
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"In Latin and other languages: a type of verbal noun used in the ablative and accusative cases, which shares the same stem as the passive participle."
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{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "bg",
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"roman": "supin",
"sense": "verbal noun",
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"masculine"
],
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{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "supí"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "supinum"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "supinum"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"word": "supino"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"word": "supiini"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "supin"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Lagewort"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Supinum"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "soupíno",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"word": "σουπίνο"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"word": "supino"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "supino"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "supīnum"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "supino"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "supín",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "супи́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "supínum"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "namenilnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "supino"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 23 30",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"neuter"
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"word": "supinum"
}
]
},
{
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{
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{
"ref": "[1849], A[lfred] May, “Etymology”, in A Practical Grammar of the Swedish Language, with Reading- and Writing-exercises, Stockholm: A. Bonnier, →OCLC, page 42",
"text": "The three conjugations are distinguished principally by the ending of the supine. In the first conjugation the supine ends in at, as: tala speak talat spoken. In the second conjugation the supine ends in t after a consonant, as: köpa buy köpt bought. In the third conjugation the supine ends in it, as: taga take tagit taken.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Ulf Teleman, “The Standard Languages and Their Systems in the 20th Century IV: Swedish”, in Herbert Ernst Wiegand, editor, The Nordic Languages: An International Handbook of the History of the North Germanic Languages (Händbucher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 22.2), volume 2, Berlin, New York, N.Y.: Walter de Gruyter, part XVI (The Nordic Languages in the 20th Century), pages 1613–1614",
"text": "There are two non-finite forms in Swedish, the infinitive and the supine. […] The supine has two basic allomorphs: -t (weak verbs) and -it (strong verbs). […] The supine verb phrase serves as complement of the perfect auxiliary ha 'have' (hon hade bundit honom) which can be deleted, though, in subordinate clauses (eftersom hon [hade] bundit honom 'since she had bound him'). (The supine has existed as a morphologically distinct category in standard Swedish language at least since the 19th c.; cf. art. 155.)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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"In Swedish, Faroese, Icelandic and Old Norse: a verb form that combines with an inflection of ha/hafa/hava to form the present perfect and pluperfect tenses."
],
"id": "en-supine-en-noun-T6hs5IeD",
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"(obsolete terminology) The 'to'-prefixed infinitive in English or other Germanic languages, so named because the infinitive was regarded as a verbal noun and the 'to'-prefixed form of it was seen as the dative form of the verbal noun; the full infinitive."
],
"id": "en-supine-en-noun-daBk2poW",
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"(grammar, also attributively) (obsolete terminology) The 'to'-prefixed infinitive in English or other Germanic languages, so named because the infinitive was regarded as a verbal noun and the 'to'-prefixed form of it was seen as the dative form of the verbal noun; the full infinitive."
],
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{
"ipa": "/ˈs(j)uːpaɪn/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌsuˈpaɪn/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsuˌpaɪn/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːpaɪn"
},
{
"rhymes": "(General American) -aɪn"
},
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{
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{
"word": "prone"
}
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"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/aɪn",
"Rhymes:English/aɪn/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/uːpaɪn",
"Rhymes:English/uːpaɪn/2 syllables",
"en:Medical body positions",
"en:Personality"
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"derived": [
{
"word": "nonsupine"
},
{
"word": "non-supine"
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{
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{
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"word": "supinated"
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{
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{
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"name": "bor"
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{
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"3": "",
"4": ""
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"name": "m"
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{
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{
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"4": "of, pertaining to"
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"name": "cog"
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"expansion": "Italian supino",
"name": "cog"
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"expansion": "Old French sovin",
"name": "cog"
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"name": "cog"
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"name": "cog"
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"expansion": "Old Occitan sobin",
"name": "cog"
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{
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"expansion": "sopin",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "supino"
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"expansion": "Portuguese supino",
"name": "cog"
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{
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"2": "supino"
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"expansion": "Spanish supino",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "upweard",
"3": "",
"4": "upward, supine"
},
"expansion": "Old English upweard (“upward, supine”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "upward"
},
"expansion": "upward",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "supin",
"4": "",
"5": "supine of a Latin verb"
},
"expansion": "Middle English supin (“supine of a Latin verb”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "supin",
"4": "",
"5": "(grammar) supine"
},
"expansion": "Middle French supin (“(grammar) supine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "supīnum"
},
"expansion": "Latin supīnum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "supīnum verbum",
"3": "",
"4": "supine verb"
},
"expansion": "supīnum verbum (“supine verb”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "supīnus"
},
"expansion": "supīnus",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is borrowed from Latin supīnus, from *sup- (see sub (“under”)) + -īnus (“of, pertaining to”). The word is cognate with Catalan supí, Italian supino, Old French sovin, Middle French souvin, Anglo-Norman supin, Old Occitan sobin, sopin, Portuguese supino, Spanish supino. Partly displaced Old English upweard (“upward, supine”), whence Modern English upward.\nThe noun is from Late Middle English supin (“supine of a Latin verb”) or Middle French supin (“(grammar) supine”), from Latin supīnum, (ellipsis of supīnum verbum (“supine verb”)), from supīnus; further etymology above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more supine",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most supine",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "supine (comparative more supine, superlative most supine)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sup‧ine"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "resupine"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "prone"
},
{
"word": "prostrate"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1973 January 26, Paul C. Walter, Jon E. Villaume, Thomas J. Taylor, Phosphates: A Monograph (GRAS Monograph Series; nos. 86–88), [Philadelphia, Pa.?]: Franklin Institute Research Laboratories, →OCLC, page 16",
"text": "Data, in part previously reported by this laboratory (2, 9), on the effects of mannitol loads in supine subjects, and of saline infusions in both supine and standing subjects, have also been used in the construction of Table III and Figures 1 and 2.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Robert C. Shamberger, “Chest Wall Deformities”, in Thomas W. Shields, Joseph LoCicero III, Carolyn E. Reed, Richard H. Feins, editors, General Thoracic Surgery, 7th edition, volume I, Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Wolters Kluwer, part A (The Lung, Pleura, Diaphragm, and Chest Wall), section IX (The Chest Wall), page 603, column 1",
"text": "Posterior displacement of the sternum can produce a deformity of the heart, particularly anterior indentation of the right ventricle. [...] The physical work capacity in pectus excavatum at a given heart rate was significantly lower in the sitting than the supine position.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Lying on its back."
],
"links": [
[
"Lying",
"lie#Verb"
],
[
"back",
"back#Noun"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "reclined"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "when one is washing one’s face, the hand is in the supine position; and then the forearm is also in the supine position; when the foot is resting on the outer side of the sole, it is in the supine position",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Turned facing toward the body or upward: with the thumb outward (palm up), or with the big toe raised relative to the little toe."
],
"qualifier": "forearm or foot",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of the hand, forearm or foot) Turned facing toward the body or upward: with the thumb outward (palm up), or with the big toe raised relative to the little toe."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of the hand",
"of the hand"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1695, John Woodward, “Part II. Concerning the Universal Deluge. That These Marine Bodies were then Left at Land. The Effects It Had upon the Earth.”, in An Essay toward a Natural History of the Earth: […], London: Printed for Ric[hard] Wilkin […], →OCLC, pages 85–86",
"text": "[W]hen Man was fallen, and had abandoned his primitive Innocence, [...] he became puſillanimous, and was eaſily ruffled with every little Paſſion within: ſupine, and as openly expoſed to any Temptation or Aſſault from without.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009 July, Mark Elliott, “Torture, Deportation and Extra-judicial Detention: Instruments of the ‘War on Terror’”, in Cambridge Law Journal, volume 68, number 2, →DOI, pages 245 at 245–246",
"text": "In A v. UK, the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights held that Part 4 of the 2001 Act [the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001] was not a strictly necessary response to the acknowledged emergency evidenced by the attacks in the USA and that the detention of the applicants was in breach of Article 5 [of the European Convention on Human Rights]. This conclusion is noteworthy given that the European Court has in the past adopted a deferential if not supine approach when assessing the legality of derogations under Article 15.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011 December 15, Felicity Cloake, “How to cook the perfect nut roast”, in The Guardian, London, archived from the original on 2018-01-02",
"text": "A single slice of this could leave you supine in front of the Queen's speech without even the wherewithal to reach for the remote control.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Reluctant to take action due to indifference or moral weakness; apathetic or passive towards something."
],
"links": [
[
"Reluctant",
"reluctant"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"indifference",
"indifference"
],
[
"moral",
"moral#Adjective"
],
[
"weakness",
"weakness"
],
[
"apathetic",
"apathetic"
],
[
"passive",
"passive#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Reluctant to take action due to indifference or moral weakness; apathetic or passive towards something."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "passive"
},
{
"word": "peaceful"
},
{
"word": "lazy"
},
{
"word": "lethargic"
},
{
"word": "listless"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Inclining or leaning backward; inclined, sloping."
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"Inclining",
"incline#Verb"
],
[
"leaning",
"lean#Verb"
],
[
"backward",
"backward"
],
[
"inclined",
"inclined#Adjective"
],
[
"sloping",
"sloping#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, now poetic) Inclining or leaning backward; inclined, sloping."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "inclined"
},
{
"word": "sloping"
}
],
"tags": [
"poetic",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈs(j)uːpaɪn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌsuˈpaɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsuˌpaɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːpaɪn"
},
{
"rhymes": "(General American) -aɪn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-supine.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-supine.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-supine.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-supine.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-supine.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "tigaya"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ležašt po grǎb",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "лежащ по гръб"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "ležící naznak"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "ležící na zádech"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "in rugligging"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "surdorse kuŝanta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "selällään makaava"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "supinal"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "in Rückenlage"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ýptios",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "ύπτιος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "húptios",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "ὕπτιος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "praqdán",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "פְּרַקְדָּן"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "háton/hátán/hanyatt fekvő"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "á bakinu"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "liggja upp í loft"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "útafliggjandi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "supino"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "supīnus"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "upweard"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "supino"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ležáščij na spiné",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "лежа́щий на спине́"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "supino"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "på rygg"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "ngǎai",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "หงาย"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ležačyj horilycʹ",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лежачий горілиць"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ležačyj na spyni",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лежачий на спині"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ležačyj navznak",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лежачий навзнак"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "ngả"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "ngả lưng"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "lying on its back",
"word": "ngửa"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezdeen",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "бездеен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "inerten",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "инертен"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "pasivní"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "laxní"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "passief"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "lethargisch"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "onverschillig"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "senmova"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "letargia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "passiivinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "saamaton"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "vetelä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "veltto"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "közönyös"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "tétlen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "passzív"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "bezwolny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "passivo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "letárgico"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "pasiv"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"word": "letargic"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ledačyj",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ледачий"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bezdijalʹnyj",
"sense": "reluctant to take action",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бездіяльний"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "inclining or leaning backward",
"word": "geneigd"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "inclining or leaning backward",
"word": "klina"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inclining or leaning backward",
"word": "kallellaan"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "inclining or leaning backward",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inclinado"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"John Glenn"
],
"word": "supine"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/aɪn",
"Rhymes:English/aɪn/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/uːpaɪn",
"Rhymes:English/uːpaɪn/2 syllables",
"en:Medical body positions",
"en:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "supine tense"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "supīnus"
},
"expansion": "Latin supīnus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "*sup-",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "*sup-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub",
"3": "",
"4": "under"
},
"expansion": "sub (“under”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-īnus",
"3": "",
"4": "of, pertaining to"
},
"expansion": "-īnus (“of, pertaining to”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "supí"
},
"expansion": "Catalan supí",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "supino"
},
"expansion": "Italian supino",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "sovin"
},
"expansion": "Old French sovin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "souvin"
},
"expansion": "Middle French souvin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "supin"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman supin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "sobin"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan sobin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "sopin"
},
"expansion": "sopin",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "supino"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese supino",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "supino"
},
"expansion": "Spanish supino",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "upweard",
"3": "",
"4": "upward, supine"
},
"expansion": "Old English upweard (“upward, supine”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "upward"
},
"expansion": "upward",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "supin",
"4": "",
"5": "supine of a Latin verb"
},
"expansion": "Middle English supin (“supine of a Latin verb”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "supin",
"4": "",
"5": "(grammar) supine"
},
"expansion": "Middle French supin (“(grammar) supine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "supīnum"
},
"expansion": "Latin supīnum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "supīnum verbum",
"3": "",
"4": "supine verb"
},
"expansion": "supīnum verbum (“supine verb”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "supīnus"
},
"expansion": "supīnus",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is borrowed from Latin supīnus, from *sup- (see sub (“under”)) + -īnus (“of, pertaining to”). The word is cognate with Catalan supí, Italian supino, Old French sovin, Middle French souvin, Anglo-Norman supin, Old Occitan sobin, sopin, Portuguese supino, Spanish supino. Partly displaced Old English upweard (“upward, supine”), whence Modern English upward.\nThe noun is from Late Middle English supin (“supine of a Latin verb”) or Middle French supin (“(grammar) supine”), from Latin supīnum, (ellipsis of supīnum verbum (“supine verb”)), from supīnus; further etymology above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "supines",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "supine (plural supines)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sup‧ine"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gerund"
},
{
"word": "infinitive"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Grammar"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1653, Charles Hoole, “Of the Supines of Simple Verbs”, in The Latine Grammar Fitted for the Use of Schools. […], 2nd corrected edition, London: Printed by William Du-Gard; and are to bee sold by John Saywell […], →OCLC, page 142",
"text": "And here also you may observ, that the syllable which is doubled in the Preterperfect tens is not doubled in the Supines, as totondi to clip, make's tonsum: cecídi to beat, cæsum: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1718, Richard Johnson, “Of Supines”, in Grammatical Commentaries: Being an Apparatus to a New National Grammar: […], London: Printed for the author, and sold by Thomas Bickerton, […], →OCLC, page 354",
"text": "There be alſo appertaining unto Verbs, two Supines, the one ending in um, which is called the firſt Supine, becauſe it hath the ſignification of the Verb Active: as, Eo amatum, I go to love: and the other in u, becauſe it hath for the moſt part the ſignification of Paſſive, as Difficilis amatu, hard to be loved.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1898, Henry Sweet, “Verbs”, in A New English Grammar: Logical and Historical (Clarendon Press Series), part II (Syntax), Oxford: At the Clarendon Press [by Horace Hart], →OCLC, §§ 2314 and 2315, page 118",
"text": "Of the large number of verbs which take the infinitive in Old-English the greater number are now followed by the supine. […] The substitution of the supine for the infinitive began in Old-English itself. Thus the supine of purpose, as in hīe cōmon þæt land tō sċēawienne 'they came to spy out the land,' gradually supplanted the older infinitive with many verbs of desiring, intending, attempting, etc., so that while such a verb as willan 'will' continued—as it still does in modern English—to take the infinitive only, other verbs of similar meaning, […] began to take the supine as well as the infinitive.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Emma Short, Alex George, “The Verb (Stearn, pp. 130–139)”, in A Primer of Botanical Latin with Vocabulary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, page 47",
"text": "If you must know, the verb finite (i.e. limited by person and number) has three persons, two numbers, six tenses and three moods, while the verb infinite (not so limited) has infinitives, three participles, the gerund and gerundive and two supines.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Virginia Hill, Gabriela Albiou, “Supine Clauses: On the Road to Balkanization”, in Verb Movement and Clause Structure in Old Romanian (Oxford Studies in Diachronic & Historical Linguistics), Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 267",
"text": "The chapter focuses on the supine clause, which is a language-specific construction. An example is offered in (1): the aspectual verb isprăvi 'finish' selects a clausal complement that contains a supine verb. We know that the supine is a verb because its direct object is in unmarked Case (i.e. Accusative). Supine nouns, like any regular noun, have the direct object marked for Genitive Case. […] The emergence and the spread of the supine clause is very well captured in the Old Romanian texts, a situation that contrasts with the incomplete information we have about other clausal complements.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In Latin and other languages: a type of verbal noun used in the ablative and accusative cases, which shares the same stem as the passive participle."
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"Latin",
"Latin"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"verbal noun",
"verbal noun"
],
[
"ablative",
"ablative case"
],
[
"accusative case",
"accusative case"
],
[
"shares",
"share#Verb"
],
[
"stem",
"stem#Noun"
],
[
"passive participle",
"passive participle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar, also attributively) In Latin and other languages: a type of verbal noun used in the ablative and accusative cases, which shares the same stem as the passive participle."
],
"tags": [
"also",
"attributive"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Grammar"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "[1849], A[lfred] May, “Etymology”, in A Practical Grammar of the Swedish Language, with Reading- and Writing-exercises, Stockholm: A. Bonnier, →OCLC, page 42",
"text": "The three conjugations are distinguished principally by the ending of the supine. In the first conjugation the supine ends in at, as: tala speak talat spoken. In the second conjugation the supine ends in t after a consonant, as: köpa buy köpt bought. In the third conjugation the supine ends in it, as: taga take tagit taken.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Ulf Teleman, “The Standard Languages and Their Systems in the 20th Century IV: Swedish”, in Herbert Ernst Wiegand, editor, The Nordic Languages: An International Handbook of the History of the North Germanic Languages (Händbucher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 22.2), volume 2, Berlin, New York, N.Y.: Walter de Gruyter, part XVI (The Nordic Languages in the 20th Century), pages 1613–1614",
"text": "There are two non-finite forms in Swedish, the infinitive and the supine. […] The supine has two basic allomorphs: -t (weak verbs) and -it (strong verbs). […] The supine verb phrase serves as complement of the perfect auxiliary ha 'have' (hon hade bundit honom) which can be deleted, though, in subordinate clauses (eftersom hon [hade] bundit honom 'since she had bound him'). (The supine has existed as a morphologically distinct category in standard Swedish language at least since the 19th c.; cf. art. 155.)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In Swedish, Faroese, Icelandic and Old Norse: a verb form that combines with an inflection of ha/hafa/hava to form the present perfect and pluperfect tenses."
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"Swedish",
"Swedish"
],
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"Faroese",
"Faroese"
],
[
"Icelandic",
"Icelandic"
],
[
"Old Norse",
"Old Norse"
],
[
"verb form",
"verb form"
],
[
"combines",
"combine#Verb"
],
[
"inflection",
"inflection"
],
[
"ha",
"ha#Swedish"
],
[
"present perfect",
"present perfect"
],
[
"pluperfect",
"pluperfect"
],
[
"tenses",
"tense#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar, also attributively) In Swedish, Faroese, Icelandic and Old Norse: a verb form that combines with an inflection of ha/hafa/hava to form the present perfect and pluperfect tenses."
],
"tags": [
"also",
"attributive"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Grammar"
],
"glosses": [
"(obsolete terminology) The 'to'-prefixed infinitive in English or other Germanic languages, so named because the infinitive was regarded as a verbal noun and the 'to'-prefixed form of it was seen as the dative form of the verbal noun; the full infinitive."
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"full infinitive",
"full infinitive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar, also attributively) (obsolete terminology) The 'to'-prefixed infinitive in English or other Germanic languages, so named because the infinitive was regarded as a verbal noun and the 'to'-prefixed form of it was seen as the dative form of the verbal noun; the full infinitive."
],
"tags": [
"also",
"attributive"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈs(j)uːpaɪn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌsuˈpaɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsuˌpaɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːpaɪn"
},
{
"rhymes": "(General American) -aɪn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-supine.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-supine.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-supine.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-supine.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-supine.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "supin",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "супин"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "supí"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "supinum"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "supinum"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"word": "supino"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"word": "supiini"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "supin"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Lagewort"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Supinum"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "soupíno",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"word": "σουπίνο"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"word": "supino"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "supino"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "supīnum"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "supino"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "supín",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "супи́н"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "supínum"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "namenilnik"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "supino"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "verbal noun",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "supinum"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"John Glenn"
],
"word": "supine"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.