See sanction in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for sanction meaning in English (34.4kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "permission"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "endorsement"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "support"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "confirmation"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "allowance"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "backing"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pragmatic sanction"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "sanction"
},
"expansion": "Middle French sanction",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sanctio"
},
"expansion": "Latin sanctio",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French sanction, from Latin sanctio.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sanctions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "sanction (countable and uncountable, plural sanctions)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "prohibition"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "blacklist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "prohibit"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The whalers had been operating in the contested waters off the island with sanction from the Japanese government.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An approval, by an authority, generally one that makes something valid."
],
"id": "en-sanction-en-noun-Sr3ZItp7",
"links": [
[
"approval",
"approval"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
],
[
"valid",
"valid"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razrešénie",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разреше́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "odobrénie",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "одобре́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pīzhǔn",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "批准"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tóngyì",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "同意"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "認可"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "rènkě",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "认可"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strafmaatregel"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "hyväksyntä"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "approbation"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "validation"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sankcia",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "სანქცია"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Billigung"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sanktionierung"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kýrosi",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κύρωση"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epikýrosi",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επικύρωση"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "neûma",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "νεῦμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mañjūrī",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "मंजूरी"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "approvazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "convalida"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ratifica"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"alt": "しょうにん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shōnin",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "承認"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"alt": "にんか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ninka",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "認可"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"alt": "きょか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kyoka",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "許可"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"alt": "承認",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seung'in",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "승인"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"alt": "認可",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "in'ga",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "인가"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "godkjennelse"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tillatelse"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankcja"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanção"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sancțiune"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "aprobare"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sánkcija",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "са́нкция"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrešénije",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разреше́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "odobrénije",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "одобре́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "са̀нкција"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "sànkcija"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "autorización"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "aprobación"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "decreto"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "kwazo"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sánkcija",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "са́нкція"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "sự phê chuẩn"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "sự chấp nhận"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 3 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "sự đồng ý"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 16 37 34 6 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Directives",
"orig": "en:Directives",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The United States enacted a new round of sanctions against the apartheid regime of South Africa.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A penalty, punishment, or some coercive measure, intended to ensure compliance; especially one adopted by several nations, or by an international body."
],
"id": "en-sanction-en-noun-dVxvW3Un",
"links": [
[
"penalty",
"penalty"
],
[
"punishment",
"punishment"
],
[
"coercive",
"coercive"
],
[
"measure",
"measure"
],
[
"ensure",
"ensure"
],
[
"compliance",
"compliance"
],
[
"adopted",
"adopted"
],
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"international",
"international"
],
[
"body",
"body"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sanksion"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕiqāb",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "عِقَاب"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔistiḥsān",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "إِسْتِحْسَان"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔiʕtimād",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "إِعْتِمَاد"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕuqūba",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عُقُوبَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "patžamiǰocʿ",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "պատժամիջոց"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sankcʿia",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "սանկցիա"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanksiya"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sánkcyja",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "са́нкцыя"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sánkcija",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "са́нкция"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nakazánie",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "наказа́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "zai³ coi⁴",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "制裁"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhìcái",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "制裁"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "刑罰"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xíngfá",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "刑罚"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankce"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sanktion"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanctie"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanktsioon"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "pakote"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanktio"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "seuraamus"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanction"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sankcia",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "სანქცია"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sanktion"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kýrosi",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κύρωση"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kúrōsis",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κύρωσις"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "itsúm",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "עיצום"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "ónesh",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "עונש"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "gmul",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גמול"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "peulát onshín",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פעולת עונשין"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "sánktsya",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "סנקציה"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pratibandh",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "प्रतिबंध"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "szankció"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanksi"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanzione"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"alt": "せいさい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "seisai",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "制裁"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"alt": "けいばつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "keibatsu",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "刑罰"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "sanksiä",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "санкция"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "tŏəndĕəʼ kam",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "ទណ្ឌកម្ម"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"alt": "制裁",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jejae",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "제재"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"alt": "刑罰",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hyeongbeol",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "형벌"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "sanktsiya",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "санкция"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankcija"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankcija"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "sankcija",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "санкција"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanksi"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xorig",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "хориг"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sanksjon"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tahrim",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "تحریم"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankcja"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanção"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sancțiune"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sánkcija",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "са́нкция"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nakazánije",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "наказа́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "са̀нкција"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "sànkcija"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankcia"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankcija"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanción"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "decreto"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "kwazo"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sanktion"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanksiyon"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "mujozot",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "муҷозот"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "tahrim",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "таҳрим"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaan-long-tôot",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "การลงโทษ"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "yaptırım"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanksiýa"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sánkcija",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "са́нкція"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanksiya"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "hình phạt"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 94 2",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sancsiwn"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 16 37 34 6 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Directives",
"orig": "en:Directives",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A law, treaty, or contract, or a clause within a law, treaty, or contract, specifying any of the above."
],
"id": "en-sanction-en-noun-MXxXkMTX",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law"
],
[
"treaty",
"treaty"
],
[
"contract",
"contract"
],
[
"clause",
"clause"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 12 80",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "patžamiǰocʿ",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"word": "պատժամիջոց"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 12 80",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sankcʿia",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"word": "սանկցիա"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 12 80",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "décret"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 12 80",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sanktionierung"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 12 80",
"alt": "こうそく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōsoku",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"word": "拘束"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 12 80",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sanksjon"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 12 80",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankcja"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 12 80",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanção"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 12 80",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sánkcija",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "са́нкция"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 12 80",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "са̀нкција"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 12 80",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "sànkcija"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 12 80",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"word": "kwazo"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæŋkʃən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æŋkʃən"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sanction.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/En-us-sanction.ogg/En-us-sanction.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/En-us-sanction.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "ban"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "boycott"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"topics": [
"law"
],
"word": "estoppel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"topics": [
"law"
],
"word": "injunction"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "interdiction"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "embargo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "penalties"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "proscription"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "sanction"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "taboo"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:sanction"
],
"word": "sanction"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "sanction"
},
"expansion": "Middle French sanction",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sanctio"
},
"expansion": "Latin sanctio",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French sanction, from Latin sanctio.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sanctions",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sanctioning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sanctioned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sanctioned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sanction (third-person singular simple present sanctions, present participle sanctioning, simple past and past participle sanctioned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 29 15 41 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 17 43 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 23 17 41 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 20 14 45 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English refractory feminine rhymes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 16 37 34 6 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Directives",
"orig": "en:Directives",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ratify; to make valid."
],
"id": "en-sanction-en-verb-gnRhSJdI",
"links": [
[
"ratify",
"ratify"
],
[
"valid",
"valid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To ratify; to make valid."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1946, Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, I.21",
"text": "Many of the most earnest Protestants were business men, to whom lending money at interest was essential. Consequently first Calvin, and then other Protestant divines, sanctioned interest.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give official authorization or approval to; to countenance."
],
"id": "en-sanction-en-verb-en:approve",
"links": [
[
"authorization",
"authorization"
],
[
"approval",
"approval"
],
[
"countenance",
"countenance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To give official authorization or approval to; to countenance."
],
"senseid": [
"en:approve"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sankcyjaníravacʹ",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "санкцыяні́раваць"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razrešavam",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "разрешавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "odobrjavam",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "одобрявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pīzhǔn",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "批准"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tóngyì",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "同意"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "認可"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "rènkě",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "认可"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "antaa hyväksyntä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "hyväksyä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "autoriser"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "ratifier"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "approuver"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "dokimázō",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "δοκιμάζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "approvare"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "sancire"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "ratificare"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"alt": "しょうにんする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shōnin suru",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "承認する"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"alt": "にんかする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ninka suru",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "認可する"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"alt": "きょかする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kyoka suru",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "許可する"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "godkjenne"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "tillate"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "sankcjonować"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "sancionar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sankcionírovatʹ",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "санкциони́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "ratificar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "autorizar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "aprobar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "kwazo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sankcionuváty",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "санкціонува́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "phê chuẩn"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "chấp nhận"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "đồng ý"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To penalize (a state etc.) with sanctions."
],
"id": "en-sanction-en-verb-en:penalize",
"links": [
[
"penalize",
"penalize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To penalize (a state etc.) with sanctions."
],
"senseid": [
"en:penalize"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sankcioniram",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "санкционирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nakazvam",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "наказвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanctie"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "sanktioida"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "sanctionner"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "sanzionare"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"alt": "せいさいをくわえる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sēsai o kuwaeru",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "制裁を加える"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "sanksjonere"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "straffe"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tahrim",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "تحریم"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "nakładać sankcje"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "sancionar"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "применя́ть са́нкции impf (primenjátʹ sánkcii) (про́тив + genitive case)",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "sancionar"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "kwazo"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "sanktionera"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "long-tôot",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "ลงโทษ"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 2 82",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "phạt"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæŋkʃən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æŋkʃən"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sanction.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/En-us-sanction.ogg/En-us-sanction.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/En-us-sanction.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:sanction"
],
"word": "sanction"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "permission"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "endorsement"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "support"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "confirmation"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "allowance"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "backing"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English refractory feminine rhymes",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Georgian translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/æŋkʃən",
"Rhymes:English/æŋkʃən/2 syllables",
"en:Directives"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pragmatic sanction"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "sanction"
},
"expansion": "Middle French sanction",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sanctio"
},
"expansion": "Latin sanctio",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French sanction, from Latin sanctio.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sanctions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "sanction (countable and uncountable, plural sanctions)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "prohibition"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "blacklist"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "prohibit"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The whalers had been operating in the contested waters off the island with sanction from the Japanese government.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An approval, by an authority, generally one that makes something valid."
],
"links": [
[
"approval",
"approval"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
],
[
"valid",
"valid"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The United States enacted a new round of sanctions against the apartheid regime of South Africa.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A penalty, punishment, or some coercive measure, intended to ensure compliance; especially one adopted by several nations, or by an international body."
],
"links": [
[
"penalty",
"penalty"
],
[
"punishment",
"punishment"
],
[
"coercive",
"coercive"
],
[
"measure",
"measure"
],
[
"ensure",
"ensure"
],
[
"compliance",
"compliance"
],
[
"adopted",
"adopted"
],
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"international",
"international"
],
[
"body",
"body"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A law, treaty, or contract, or a clause within a law, treaty, or contract, specifying any of the above."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law"
],
[
"treaty",
"treaty"
],
[
"contract",
"contract"
],
[
"clause",
"clause"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæŋkʃən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æŋkʃən"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sanction.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/En-us-sanction.ogg/En-us-sanction.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/En-us-sanction.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "ban"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "boycott"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"topics": [
"law"
],
"word": "estoppel"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"topics": [
"law"
],
"word": "injunction"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "interdiction"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "embargo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "penalties"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "proscription"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "sanction"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:sanction",
"word": "taboo"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razrešénie",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разреше́ние"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "odobrénie",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "одобре́ние"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pīzhǔn",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "批准"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tóngyì",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "同意"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "認可"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "rènkě",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "认可"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strafmaatregel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "hyväksyntä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "approbation"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "validation"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sankcia",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "სანქცია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Billigung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sanktionierung"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kýrosi",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κύρωση"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epikýrosi",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επικύρωση"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "neûma",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "νεῦμα"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mañjūrī",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "मंजूरी"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "approvazione"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "convalida"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ratifica"
},
{
"alt": "しょうにん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shōnin",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "承認"
},
{
"alt": "にんか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ninka",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "認可"
},
{
"alt": "きょか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kyoka",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "許可"
},
{
"alt": "承認",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seung'in",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "승인"
},
{
"alt": "認可",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "in'ga",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "인가"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "godkjennelse"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tillatelse"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankcja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanção"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sancțiune"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "aprobare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sánkcija",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "са́нкция"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrešénije",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разреше́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "odobrénije",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "одобре́ние"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "са̀нкција"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "sànkcija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "autorización"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "aprobación"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "decreto"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "kwazo"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sánkcija",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "са́нкція"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "sự phê chuẩn"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "sự chấp nhận"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "approval, by an authority, that makes something valid",
"word": "sự đồng ý"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sanksion"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕiqāb",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "عِقَاب"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔistiḥsān",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "إِسْتِحْسَان"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔiʕtimād",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "إِعْتِمَاد"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕuqūba",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عُقُوبَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "patžamiǰocʿ",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "պատժամիջոց"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sankcʿia",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "սանկցիա"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanksiya"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sánkcyja",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "са́нкцыя"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sánkcija",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "са́нкция"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nakazánie",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "наказа́ние"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "zai³ coi⁴",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "制裁"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhìcái",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "制裁"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "刑罰"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xíngfá",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "刑罚"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankce"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sanktion"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanctie"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanktsioon"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "pakote"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanktio"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "seuraamus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanction"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sankcia",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "სანქცია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sanktion"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kýrosi",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κύρωση"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kúrōsis",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κύρωσις"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "itsúm",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "עיצום"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "ónesh",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "עונש"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "gmul",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גמול"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "peulát onshín",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פעולת עונשין"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "sánktsya",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "סנקציה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pratibandh",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "प्रतिबंध"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "szankció"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanksi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanzione"
},
{
"alt": "せいさい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "seisai",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "制裁"
},
{
"alt": "けいばつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "keibatsu",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "刑罰"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "sanksiä",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "санкция"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "tŏəndĕəʼ kam",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "ទណ្ឌកម្ម"
},
{
"alt": "制裁",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jejae",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "제재"
},
{
"alt": "刑罰",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hyeongbeol",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "형벌"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "sanktsiya",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "санкция"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankcija"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankcija"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "sankcija",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "санкција"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanksi"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xorig",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "хориг"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sanksjon"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tahrim",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "تحریم"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankcja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanção"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sancțiune"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sánkcija",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "са́нкция"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nakazánije",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "наказа́ние"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "са̀нкција"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "sànkcija"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankcia"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankcija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanción"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "decreto"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "kwazo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sanktion"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanksiyon"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "mujozot",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "муҷозот"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "tahrim",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "таҳрим"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaan-long-tôot",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "การลงโทษ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "yaptırım"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanksiýa"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sánkcija",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "са́нкція"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "sanksiya"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"word": "hình phạt"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "penalty or coercive measure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sancsiwn"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "patžamiǰocʿ",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"word": "պատժամիջոց"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sankcʿia",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"word": "սանկցիա"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "décret"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sanktionierung"
},
{
"alt": "こうそく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōsoku",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"word": "拘束"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sanksjon"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sankcja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanção"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sánkcija",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "са́нкция"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "са̀нкција"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "sànkcija"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "stipulation specifying the above",
"word": "kwazo"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:sanction"
],
"word": "sanction"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English refractory feminine rhymes",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Georgian translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/æŋkʃən",
"Rhymes:English/æŋkʃən/2 syllables",
"en:Directives"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "sanction"
},
"expansion": "Middle French sanction",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sanctio"
},
"expansion": "Latin sanctio",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French sanction, from Latin sanctio.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sanctions",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sanctioning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sanctioned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sanctioned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sanction (third-person singular simple present sanctions, present participle sanctioning, simple past and past participle sanctioned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To ratify; to make valid."
],
"links": [
[
"ratify",
"ratify"
],
[
"valid",
"valid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To ratify; to make valid."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1946, Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, I.21",
"text": "Many of the most earnest Protestants were business men, to whom lending money at interest was essential. Consequently first Calvin, and then other Protestant divines, sanctioned interest.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give official authorization or approval to; to countenance."
],
"links": [
[
"authorization",
"authorization"
],
[
"approval",
"approval"
],
[
"countenance",
"countenance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To give official authorization or approval to; to countenance."
],
"senseid": [
"en:approve"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To penalize (a state etc.) with sanctions."
],
"links": [
[
"penalize",
"penalize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To penalize (a state etc.) with sanctions."
],
"senseid": [
"en:penalize"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæŋkʃən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æŋkʃən"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sanction.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/En-us-sanction.ogg/En-us-sanction.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/En-us-sanction.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sankcyjaníravacʹ",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "санкцыяні́раваць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razrešavam",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "разрешавам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "odobrjavam",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "одобрявам"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pīzhǔn",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "批准"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tóngyì",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "同意"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "認可"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "rènkě",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "认可"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "antaa hyväksyntä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "hyväksyä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "autoriser"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "ratifier"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "approuver"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "dokimázō",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "δοκιμάζω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "approvare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "sancire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "ratificare"
},
{
"alt": "しょうにんする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shōnin suru",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "承認する"
},
{
"alt": "にんかする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ninka suru",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "認可する"
},
{
"alt": "きょかする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kyoka suru",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "許可する"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "godkjenne"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "tillate"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "sankcjonować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "sancionar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sankcionírovatʹ",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "санкциони́ровать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "ratificar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "autorizar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "aprobar"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "kwazo"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sankcionuváty",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "санкціонува́ти"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "phê chuẩn"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "chấp nhận"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to give authorization or approval to",
"word": "đồng ý"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sankcioniram",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "санкционирам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nakazvam",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "наказвам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sanctie"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "sanktioida"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "sanctionner"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "sanzionare"
},
{
"alt": "せいさいをくわえる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sēsai o kuwaeru",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "制裁を加える"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "sanksjonere"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "straffe"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tahrim",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "تحریم"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "nakładać sankcje"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "sancionar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "применя́ть са́нкции impf (primenjátʹ sánkcii) (про́тив + genitive case)",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "sancionar"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "kwazo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "sanktionera"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "long-tôot",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "ลงโทษ"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to penalize a state, especially for violating international law",
"word": "phạt"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:sanction"
],
"word": "sanction"
}
{
"called_from": "XYZunsorted",
"msg": "sanction/English/verb: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"note\": \"\\u043f\\u0440\\u0438\\u043c\\u0435\\u043d\\u044f\\u0301\\u0442\\u044c \\u0441\\u0430\\u0301\\u043d\\u043a\\u0446\\u0438\\u0438 impf (primenj\\u00e1t\\u02b9 s\\u00e1nkcii) (\\u043f\\u0440\\u043e\\u0301\\u0442\\u0438\\u0432 + genitive case)\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\"}: {\"categories\": [\"English 2-syllable words\", \"English contranyms\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English entries with language name categories using raw markup\", \"English entries with topic categories using raw markup\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English refractory feminine rhymes\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"English terms with audio links\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Requests for review of Georgian translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Requests for review of Spanish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/æŋkʃən\", \"Rhymes:English/æŋkʃən/2 syllables\", \"en:Directives\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"sanction\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French sanction\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"sanctio\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin sanctio\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle French sanction, from Latin sanctio.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"sanctions\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"sanctioning\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"sanctioned\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"sanctioned\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"sanction (third-person singular simple present sanctions, present participle sanctioning, simple past and past participle sanctioned)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To ratify; to make valid.\"], \"links\": [[\"ratify\", \"ratify\"], [\"valid\", \"valid\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To ratify; to make valid.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1946, Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, I.21\", \"text\": \"Many of the most earnest Protestants were business men, to whom lending money at interest was essential. Consequently first Calvin, and then other Protestant divines, sanctioned interest.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To give official authorization or approval to; to countenance.\"], \"links\": [[\"authorization\", \"authorization\"], [\"approval\", \"approval\"], [\"countenance\", \"countenance\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To give official authorization or approval to; to countenance.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:approve\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To penalize (a state etc.) with sanctions.\"], \"links\": [[\"penalize\", \"penalize\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To penalize (a state etc.) with sanctions.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:penalize\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈsæŋkʃən/\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-æŋkʃən\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-sanction.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/En-us-sanction.ogg/En-us-sanction.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/En-us-sanction.ogg\", \"tags\": [\"US\"], \"text\": \"Audio (US)\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"sankcyjaníravacʹ\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"санкцыяні́раваць\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"razrešavam\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"разрешавам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"odobrjavam\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"одобрявам\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"pīzhǔn\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"批准\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"tóngyì\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"同意\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"認可\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rènkě\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"认可\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"antaa hyväksyntä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"hyväksyä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"autoriser\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"ratifier\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"approuver\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"dokimázō\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"δοκιμάζω\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"approvare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"sancire\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"ratificare\"}, {\"alt\": \"しょうにんする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shōnin suru\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"承認する\"}, {\"alt\": \"にんかする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ninka suru\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"認可する\"}, {\"alt\": \"きょかする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kyoka suru\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"許可する\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"godkjenne\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"tillate\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"sankcjonować\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"sancionar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sankcionírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"санкциони́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"ratificar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"autorizar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"aprobar\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"kwazo\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"sankcionuváty\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"санкціонува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"phê chuẩn\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"chấp nhận\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to give authorization or approval to\", \"word\": \"đồng ý\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"sankcioniram\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"санкционирам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nakazvam\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"наказвам\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"sanctie\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"sanktioida\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"sanctionner\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"sanzionare\"}, {\"alt\": \"せいさいをくわえる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"sēsai o kuwaeru\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"制裁を加える\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"sanksjonere\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"straffe\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"tahrim\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"تحریم\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"nakładać sankcje\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"sancionar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"note\": \"применя́ть са́нкции impf (primenjátʹ sánkcii) (про́тив + genitive case)\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"sancionar\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"kwazo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"sanktionera\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"long-tôot\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"ลงโทษ\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to penalize a state, especially for violating international law\", \"word\": \"phạt\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:sanction\"], \"word\": \"sanction\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "sanction",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.