"recapitulate" meaning in English

See recapitulate in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ɹiːkəˈpɪtʃʊleɪt/ [Canada, UK] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-recapitulate.wav Forms: recapitulates [present, singular, third-person], recapitulating [participle, present], recapitulated [participle, past], recapitulated [past]
Etymology: From Late Latin recapitulātus, past participle of recapitulāre (“to go over the main points of a thing again”), from re- (“again”) + capitulum (“head, main part, chapter”), from caput (“head”) + -ulum (diminutive suffix); see capitulate. By surface analysis, re- + capitulate. Etymology templates: {{uder|en|LL.|recapitulātus}} Late Latin recapitulātus, {{af|la|re-|capitulum|nocat=1|t1=again|t2=head, main part, chapter}} re- (“again”) + capitulum (“head, main part, chapter”), {{suffix|la|caput|ulus|alt2=ulum|nocat=1|pos2=diminutive suffix|t1=head}} caput (“head”) + -ulum (diminutive suffix), {{surf|en|re-|capitulate}} By surface analysis, re- + capitulate Head templates: {{en-verb}} recapitulate (third-person singular simple present recapitulates, present participle recapitulating, simple past and past participle recapitulated)
  1. (ambitransitive) To summarize or repeat in concise form. Tags: ambitransitive Synonyms (to summarize or repeat in concise form): recap, sum up Translations (to summarize or repeat in concise form): ամփոփել (ampʻopʻel) (Armenian), резюмирам (rezjumiram) (Bulgarian), 摘要 (zhāiyào) (Chinese Mandarin), 提要 (tíyào) (Chinese Mandarin), 擇要 /择要 (zéyào) (Chinese Mandarin), 小結 /小结 (xiǎojié) (Chinese Mandarin), 總結 /总结 (zǒngjié) (Chinese Mandarin), 歸結 /归结 (guījié) (Chinese Mandarin), 概括 (gàikuò) (Chinese Mandarin), 總括 /总括 (zǒngkuò) (Chinese Mandarin), 概述 (gàishù) (Chinese Mandarin), 歸納 /归纳 (guīnà) (Chinese Mandarin), 匯總 /汇总 (huìzǒng) (Chinese Mandarin), samenvatten (Dutch), resumi (Esperanto), tehdä yhteenveto (Finnish), vetää yhteen (Finnish), récapituler (French), rekapitulieren [scholarly, sciences] (German), zusammenfassen (German), wiederholen (German), sich vergegenwärtigen (noch einmal) (German), átismétel (Hungarian), áttekint (Hungarian), összefoglal (Hungarian), achoimrigh (Irish), 要約する (yōyaku suru) (Japanese), 요약하다 (yoyakhada) (Korean), recapitular (Portuguese), recapitula (Romanian), подыто́живать (podytóživatʹ) (Russian), подыто́жить (podytóžitʹ) (Russian), ath-innis (Scottish Gaelic), recapitular (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-recapitulate-en-verb-nvfPb3Mv Categories (other): English terms prefixed with re- Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with re-: 43 20 37 Disambiguation of 'to summarize or repeat in concise form': 89 2 10 Disambiguation of 'to summarize or repeat in concise form': 89 2 10
  2. (transitive) To reproduce or closely resemble (as in structure or function). Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-recapitulate-en-verb-Huw1Uua3 Categories (other): English terms prefixed with re- Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with re-: 43 20 37
  3. (transitive, biology, of an organism) To mirror or repeat in analogous form, especially in reference to an individual's development passing through stages corresponding to the species' stages of evolutionary development. Tags: transitive Translations (to repeat the evolutionary stages of an organism): rekapituloida (Finnish), seurata (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-recapitulate-en-verb-oS6q2dNN Categories (other): Biology, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms prefixed with re-, English undefined derivations, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 13 8 79 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with re-: 43 20 37 Disambiguation of English undefined derivations: 32 16 52 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 18 16 66 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 14 11 75 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 8 6 85 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 16 10 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 16 10 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 19 16 65 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 14 11 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 17 11 72 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 18 16 66 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 17 11 72 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 12 14 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 23 10 67 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 16 10 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 14 11 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 17 11 72 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 14 11 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 12 15 72 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 15 10 75 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 17 11 72 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 14 11 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations: 17 11 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 15 13 72 Topics: biology, natural-sciences Disambiguation of 'to repeat the evolutionary stages of an organism': 14 12 74
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Hypernyms: condense, review Hyponyms: brief Derived forms: ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny, recapitulation, recapitulative, recapitulatory Related terms: capitulate, in summary
Synonyms: abridge, abstract, capsule, concise [India], docket, encapsulate, epitomize, gist, nutshell, outline, précis, recapitulate, redact [obsolete, rare], run over [idiomatic], run through [idiomatic], summarize, sum, synopsize, tl;dr [Internet], wrap up [idiomatic]

Inflected forms

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "expound"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "spell out"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "recapitulation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "recapitulative"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "recapitulatory"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "recapitulātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin recapitulātus",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "re-",
        "3": "capitulum",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "again",
        "t2": "head, main part, chapter"
      },
      "expansion": "re- (“again”) + capitulum (“head, main part, chapter”)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "caput",
        "3": "ulus",
        "alt2": "ulum",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos2": "diminutive suffix",
        "t1": "head"
      },
      "expansion": "caput (“head”) + -ulum (diminutive suffix)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "re-",
        "3": "capitulate"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, re- + capitulate",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Late Latin recapitulātus, past participle of recapitulāre (“to go over the main points of a thing again”), from re- (“again”) + capitulum (“head, main part, chapter”), from caput (“head”) + -ulum (diminutive suffix); see capitulate. By surface analysis, re- + capitulate.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "recapitulates",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "recapitulating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "recapitulated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "recapitulated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "recapitulate (third-person singular simple present recapitulates, present participle recapitulating, simple past and past participle recapitulated)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "condense"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "review"
    }
  ],
  "hyponyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "brief"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "capitulate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "in summary"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 20 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with re-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              24,
              37
            ]
          ],
          "text": "The entire symphony was recapitulated in the last four bars.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              42,
              54
            ]
          ],
          "text": "We still have five minutes left, so let's recapitulate the lecture.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To summarize or repeat in concise form."
      ],
      "id": "en-recapitulate-en-verb-nvfPb3Mv",
      "links": [
        [
          "summarize",
          "summarize"
        ],
        [
          "concise",
          "concise"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(ambitransitive) To summarize or repeat in concise form."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "recap"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "sum up"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ambitransitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "lang_code": "hy",
          "roman": "ampʻopʻel",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "ամփոփել"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "lang_code": "bg",
          "roman": "rezjumiram",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "резюмирам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "zhāiyào",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "摘要"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "tíyào",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "提要"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "zéyào",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "擇要 /择要"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "xiǎojié",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "小結 /小结"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "zǒngjié",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "總結 /总结"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "guījié",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "歸結 /归结"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "gàikuò",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "概括"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "zǒngkuò",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "總括 /总括"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "gàishù",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "概述"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "guīnà",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "歸納 /归纳"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "huìzǒng",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "匯總 /汇总"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "lang_code": "nl",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "samenvatten"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "lang_code": "eo",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "resumi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "tehdä yhteenveto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "vetää yhteen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "récapituler"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "topics": [
            "scholarly",
            "sciences"
          ],
          "word": "rekapitulieren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "zusammenfassen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "wiederholen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "sich vergegenwärtigen (noch einmal)"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "lang_code": "hu",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "átismétel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "lang_code": "hu",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "áttekint"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "lang_code": "hu",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "összefoglal"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "lang_code": "ga",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "achoimrigh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "lang_code": "ja",
          "roman": "yōyaku suru",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "要約する"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "lang_code": "ko",
          "roman": "yoyakhada",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "요약하다"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "recapitular"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "lang_code": "ro",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "recapitula"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "lang_code": "ru",
          "roman": "podytóživatʹ",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "подыто́живать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "lang_code": "ru",
          "roman": "podytóžitʹ",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "подыто́жить"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "lang_code": "gd",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "ath-innis"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 2 10",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
          "word": "recapitular"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 20 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with re-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              87,
              99
            ],
            [
              105,
              117
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2017 April 8, Michael Bull, “Sex, Lies, and Murder: Acts II & III”, in BibleMatrix.com, archived from the original on 16 Sep 2025:",
          "text": "Being the Joshua/Atonement stanza of this cycle, the fact that the seven steps seem to recapitulate (or precapitulate?) the pattern of dominion is interesting. Situated at the very “gate” of Canaan, was this offer a temptation to be resisted like the plunder of Jericho (Joshua 6:18), or was it sin crouching at the door, the violence of Cain as “keeper” or shepherd over his brother (Genesis 4:7-8)? For Jacob, it was neither. He was waiting on God. For his sons, however, it was both. What Yahweh was offering freely they would take by force.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To reproduce or closely resemble (as in structure or function)."
      ],
      "id": "en-recapitulate-en-verb-Huw1Uua3",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To reproduce or closely resemble (as in structure or function)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Biology",
          "orig": "en:Biology",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
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        },
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          "kind": "other",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 16 66",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 11 75",
          "kind": "other",
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          "_dis": "8 6 85",
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          "_dis": "16 10 74",
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 10 74",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 16 65",
          "kind": "other",
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          "_dis": "14 11 74",
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
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        },
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          "_dis": "18 16 66",
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 11 74",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 15 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 10 75",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 11 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 11 74",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 11 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 13 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
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        {
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            [
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          "ref": "1997 May, G. A. Bray, “Growth of a Molecular Base for Feeding”, in Obesity Research, volume 5, number 3, page 272:",
          "text": "Similarly this concept of unity provided a powerful impetus for embryological studies and the idea that fetal development recapitulates the steps of phylogenetic development.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To mirror or repeat in analogous form, especially in reference to an individual's development passing through stages corresponding to the species' stages of evolutionary development."
      ],
      "id": "en-recapitulate-en-verb-oS6q2dNN",
      "links": [
        [
          "biology",
          "biology"
        ],
        [
          "mirror",
          "mirror"
        ],
        [
          "analogous",
          "analogous"
        ],
        [
          "individual's",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "development",
          "development"
        ],
        [
          "species'",
          "species"
        ],
        [
          "evolutionary",
          "evolutionary"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, biology, of an organism) To mirror or repeat in analogous form, especially in reference to an individual's development passing through stages corresponding to the species' stages of evolutionary development."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of an organism"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "14 12 74",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "to repeat the evolutionary stages of an organism",
          "word": "rekapituloida"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 12 74",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "to repeat the evolutionary stages of an organism",
          "word": "seurata"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 12 74",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "note": "rekapitulieren (according to Ernst Haeckel, Biogenetische Grundregel)",
          "sense": "to repeat the evolutionary stages of an organism"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
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    {
      "ipa": "/ɹiːkəˈpɪtʃʊleɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "UK"
      ]
    },
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  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "abridge"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "abstract"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "capsule"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "tags": [
        "India"
      ],
      "word": "concise"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "docket"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "encapsulate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "epitomize"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "gist"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "nutshell"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "outline"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "précis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "recapitulate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "rare"
      ],
      "word": "redact"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "run over"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "run through"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "summarize"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "sum"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "synopsize"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "tags": [
        "Internet"
      ],
      "word": "tl;dr"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "wrap up"
    }
  ],
  "word": "recapitulate"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "expound"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "spell out"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Late Latin",
    "English terms prefixed with re-",
    "English undefined derivations",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of Italian translations",
    "Requests for review of Latin translations",
    "Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny"
    },
    {
      "word": "recapitulation"
    },
    {
      "word": "recapitulative"
    },
    {
      "word": "recapitulatory"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "recapitulātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin recapitulātus",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "re-",
        "3": "capitulum",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "again",
        "t2": "head, main part, chapter"
      },
      "expansion": "re- (“again”) + capitulum (“head, main part, chapter”)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "caput",
        "3": "ulus",
        "alt2": "ulum",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos2": "diminutive suffix",
        "t1": "head"
      },
      "expansion": "caput (“head”) + -ulum (diminutive suffix)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "re-",
        "3": "capitulate"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, re- + capitulate",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Late Latin recapitulātus, past participle of recapitulāre (“to go over the main points of a thing again”), from re- (“again”) + capitulum (“head, main part, chapter”), from caput (“head”) + -ulum (diminutive suffix); see capitulate. By surface analysis, re- + capitulate.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "recapitulates",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "recapitulating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "recapitulated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "recapitulated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "recapitulate (third-person singular simple present recapitulates, present participle recapitulating, simple past and past participle recapitulated)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "condense"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "review"
    }
  ],
  "hyponyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "brief"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "capitulate"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "in summary"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
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          ],
          "text": "The entire symphony was recapitulated in the last four bars.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              42,
              54
            ]
          ],
          "text": "We still have five minutes left, so let's recapitulate the lecture.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To summarize or repeat in concise form."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "summarize",
          "summarize"
        ],
        [
          "concise",
          "concise"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(ambitransitive) To summarize or repeat in concise form."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ambitransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
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              117
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          ],
          "ref": "2017 April 8, Michael Bull, “Sex, Lies, and Murder: Acts II & III”, in BibleMatrix.com, archived from the original on 16 Sep 2025:",
          "text": "Being the Joshua/Atonement stanza of this cycle, the fact that the seven steps seem to recapitulate (or precapitulate?) the pattern of dominion is interesting. Situated at the very “gate” of Canaan, was this offer a temptation to be resisted like the plunder of Jericho (Joshua 6:18), or was it sin crouching at the door, the violence of Cain as “keeper” or shepherd over his brother (Genesis 4:7-8)? For Jacob, it was neither. He was waiting on God. For his sons, however, it was both. What Yahweh was offering freely they would take by force.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To reproduce or closely resemble (as in structure or function)."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To reproduce or closely resemble (as in structure or function)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs",
        "en:Biology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              122,
              135
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1997 May, G. A. Bray, “Growth of a Molecular Base for Feeding”, in Obesity Research, volume 5, number 3, page 272:",
          "text": "Similarly this concept of unity provided a powerful impetus for embryological studies and the idea that fetal development recapitulates the steps of phylogenetic development.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To mirror or repeat in analogous form, especially in reference to an individual's development passing through stages corresponding to the species' stages of evolutionary development."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "biology",
          "biology"
        ],
        [
          "mirror",
          "mirror"
        ],
        [
          "analogous",
          "analogous"
        ],
        [
          "individual's",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "development",
          "development"
        ],
        [
          "species'",
          "species"
        ],
        [
          "evolutionary",
          "evolutionary"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, biology, of an organism) To mirror or repeat in analogous form, especially in reference to an individual's development passing through stages corresponding to the species' stages of evolutionary development."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of an organism"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɹiːkəˈpɪtʃʊleɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-recapitulate.wav",
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    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "recap"
    },
    {
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "sum up"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "abridge"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "abstract"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "capsule"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "tags": [
        "India"
      ],
      "word": "concise"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "docket"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "encapsulate"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "epitomize"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "gist"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "nutshell"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "outline"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "précis"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "recapitulate"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "rare"
      ],
      "word": "redact"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "run over"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "run through"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "summarize"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "sum"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "word": "synopsize"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "tags": [
        "Internet"
      ],
      "word": "tl;dr"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:recapitulate",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "wrap up"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "lang_code": "hy",
      "roman": "ampʻopʻel",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "ամփոփել"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "roman": "rezjumiram",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "резюмирам"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "zhāiyào",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "摘要"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "tíyào",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "提要"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "zéyào",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "擇要 /择要"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "xiǎojié",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "小結 /小结"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "zǒngjié",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "總結 /总结"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "guījié",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "歸結 /归结"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "gàikuò",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "概括"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "zǒngkuò",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "總括 /总括"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "gàishù",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "概述"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "guīnà",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "歸納 /归纳"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "huìzǒng",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "匯總 /汇总"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "samenvatten"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "resumi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "tehdä yhteenveto"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "vetää yhteen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "récapituler"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "topics": [
        "scholarly",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "word": "rekapitulieren"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "zusammenfassen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "wiederholen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "sich vergegenwärtigen (noch einmal)"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "átismétel"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "áttekint"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "összefoglal"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "achoimrigh"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "yōyaku suru",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "要約する"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "yoyakhada",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "요약하다"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "recapitular"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "recapitula"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "podytóživatʹ",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "подыто́живать"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "podytóžitʹ",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "подыто́жить"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "lang_code": "gd",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "ath-innis"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "to summarize or repeat in concise form",
      "word": "recapitular"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "to repeat the evolutionary stages of an organism",
      "word": "rekapituloida"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "to repeat the evolutionary stages of an organism",
      "word": "seurata"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "note": "rekapitulieren (according to Ernst Haeckel, Biogenetische Grundregel)",
      "sense": "to repeat the evolutionary stages of an organism"
    }
  ],
  "word": "recapitulate"
}

Download raw JSONL data for recapitulate meaning in English (13.2kB)

{
  "called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
  "msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
  "path": [
    "recapitulate"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "recapitulate",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-21 using wiktextract (da1f971 and f26afeb). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.