See pollution in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "conservation"
},
{
"word": "purity"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "air pollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "antipollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "electropollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "genetic pollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "light pollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nocturnal pollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "noise pollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonpollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overpollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "photopollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pollutionist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pollutionless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pollution permit system"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "self-pollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "soil pollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "visual pollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "water pollution"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "pollucion"
},
"expansion": "Middle English pollucion",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "pollutiun"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman pollutiun",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "pollution"
},
"expansion": "Middle French pollution",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pollūtiō",
"4": "",
"5": "defilement, desecration; nocturnal emission"
},
"expansion": "Latin pollūtiō (“defilement, desecration; nocturnal emission”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λῦμα",
"t": "filth, dirt, disgrace"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λῦμα (lûma, “filth, dirt, disgrace”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "loth",
"t": "mud, dirt"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish loth (“mud, dirt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "lutynas",
"t": "pool, puddle"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian lutynas (“pool, puddle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English pollucion, from Anglo-Norman pollutiun, Middle French pollution, pollucion, and their source, post-classical Latin pollūtiō (“defilement, desecration; nocturnal emission”) (4th century), from the participial stem of polluō (“to soil, defile, contaminate”), from por- (“before”) + -luō (“to smear”), related to lutum (“mud”) and luēs (“filth”). Compare Ancient Greek λῦμα (lûma, “filth, dirt, disgrace”) and λῦμαξ (lûmax, “rubbish, refuse”), Old Irish loth (“mud, dirt”), Lithuanian lutynas (“pool, puddle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pollutions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "pollution (countable and uncountable, plural pollutions)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "polluter"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 28 13 12 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Pollution levels are almost always higher in cities rather than the countryside, what with the cars, industry and so on.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Edwin Black, chapter 1, in Internal Combustion:",
"text": "If successful, Edison and Ford—in 1914—would move society away from the[…]hazards of gasoline cars: air and water pollution, noise and noxiousness, constant coughing and the undeniable rise in cancers caused by smoke exhaust particulates.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018 July 13, Matthew Taylor, The Guardian:",
"text": "Schools across the country are moving to ban the school run amid growing concern about the devastating impact of air pollution on young people’s health.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, George Monbiot, “Cars are killing us. Within 10 years, we must phase them out”, in Guardian.:",
"text": "Pollution now kills three times as many people worldwide as Aids, tuberculosis and malaria combined.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 August 9, “Network News: Network rail under fire for spending thousands of pounds on flights”, in RAIL, number 989, page 15:",
"text": "\"Flying only looks like a bargain because the cost of pollution is so cheap.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Physical contamination, now especially the contamination of the environment by harmful substances, or by disruptive levels of noise, light etc."
],
"id": "en-pollution-en-noun-5EDbFY1n",
"links": [
[
"contamination",
"contamination"
],
[
"environment",
"environment"
],
[
"harmful",
"harmful"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "omgewingsbesoedeling"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ndotje"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "talwīṯ",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَلْوِيث"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "talawwuṯ",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَلَوُّث"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aġtotum",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "աղտոտում"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "kirlənmə"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "çirklənmə"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zabrúdžvannje",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "забру́джванне"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zabrudnjénnje",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "забрудне́нне"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "duśon",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "দূষণ"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saotradur"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zamǎrsjávane",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "замърся́ване"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "nyacnyam:hmu.",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "ညစ်ညမ်းမှု"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contaminació"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pol·lució"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "wu¹ jim⁵",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "污染"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "污染"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wūrǎn",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "污染"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "znečištění"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forurening"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vervuiling"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "milieuverontreiniging"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pollutie"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "milieuvervuiling"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "poluado"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "reostus"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "saaste"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"topics": [
"state"
],
"word": "saastuminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "fi",
"english": "act",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "saastuttaminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contaminación"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "dabinʒureba",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "დაბინძურება"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verunreinigung"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verschmutzung"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Umweltverschmutzung"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "bisauleins",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rýpansi",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ρύπανση"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "mólynsi",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μόλυνση"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "zihúm",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "זיהום \\ זִהוּם"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pradūṣaṇ",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "प्रदूषण"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kāluṣya",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कालुष्य"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "környezetszennyezés"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "szennyezés (the general term, optionally prefixed with light, noise, etc.)",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mengun"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "pencemaran"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "polusi"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "iu",
"lang": "Inuktitut",
"roman": "itaangiyaqtoq",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "ᐃᑖᖏᔭᖅᑐᖅ"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inquinamento"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"alt": "おせん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "osen",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "汚染"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "lastau",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "ластау"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"alt": "汚染",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "oyeom",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "오염"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "kirdöö",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "кирдөө"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "mon la phit",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "ມົນລະພິດ"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contaminatio"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "piesārņojums"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tarša"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zagaduvanje",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "загадување"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "pencemaran"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "malinīkaraṇaṁ",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "മലിനീകരണം"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "boxirdol",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "бохирдол"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "forurensing"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âludegi",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "آلودگی"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zanieczyszczenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poluição"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poluare"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zagrjaznénije",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "загрязне́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "pradūṣaṇa",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "प्रदूषण"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "truailleadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "загађење"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "zagađenje"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "znečistenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "onesnaženje"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "polución"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contaminación"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "uchafuzi"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "miljöförstöring"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "förorening"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "ifloskuni",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "ифлоскунӣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kāluṣyaṁ",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "కాలుష్యం"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "mon-lá-paa-wá",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "มลภาวะ"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "mon-lá-pít",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "มลพิษ"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "kirlilik"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "kirlenme"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "kirletme"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zabrúdnennja",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "забру́днення"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ālūdagī",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "آلودگی"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "sự ô nhiễm"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 8 2 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "llygredd"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 36 21 9 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 43 20 10 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 34 25 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 44 21 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 37 17 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 37 17 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 18 9 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 37 17 12 15",
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"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 37 17 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 40 18 10 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 39 18 12 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bengali translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 37 17 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Breton translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 18 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 33 15 15 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Burmese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 42 19 10 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 38 17 9 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 32 17 13 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 49 15 9 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 43 19 11 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 44 18 8 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 18 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 40 18 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 44 19 11 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 40 18 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 34 16 22 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 43 19 10 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 40 19 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gothic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 32 14 11 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 34 24 8 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 35 15 8 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 42 18 9 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hokkien translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 28 13 12 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 18 9 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 18 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 46 18 7 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 47 19 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Inuktitut translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 47 19 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 47 19 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 37 17 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 39 18 9 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 18 9 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 18 9 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 38 20 7 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lao translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 47 19 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 18 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 18 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 18 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 37 17 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 47 19 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malayalam translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 31 14 24 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 39 18 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Marathi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 39 17 17 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Middle English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 42 16 9 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 38 18 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 40 18 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 18 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 19 11 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 37 17 12 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 40 18 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 47 19 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 42 19 10 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 38 18 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 38 17 12 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 18 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 37 17 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 49 18 9 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 43 18 9 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 40 18 8 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 37 17 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 41 17 8 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 38 18 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 40 18 8 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 18 9 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 42 19 9 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 37 17 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 45 19 10 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something that pollutes; a pollutant."
],
"id": "en-pollution-en-noun--rQdtTTp",
"links": [
[
"pollute",
"pollute"
],
[
"pollutant",
"pollutant"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pol·luent"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wūrănwù",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"word": "污染物"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forurening"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vervuiling"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "milieuverontreiniging"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pollutie"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"word": "saaste"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rýpos",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ρύπος"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "zihúm",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "זיהום"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "mezahém",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מזהם"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"word": "szennyeződés"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inquinante"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "osen-busshitsu",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"word": "汚染物質"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zanieczyszczenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 86 6 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poluente"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 28 13 12 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "Men who attend the Altar, and should most / Endevor Peace: thir strife pollution brings / Upon the Temple it self […].",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1869, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], The Innocents Abroad, or The New Pilgrims’ Progress; […], Hartford, Conn.: American Publishing Company. […], →OCLC:",
"text": "[T]he most gallant knights that ever wielded sword wasted their lives away in a struggle to seize it and hold it sacred from infidel pollution.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The desecration of something holy or sacred; defilement, profanation."
],
"id": "en-pollution-en-noun-XnrALIOq",
"links": [
[
"desecration",
"desecration"
],
[
"defilement",
"defilement"
],
[
"profanation",
"profanation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare) The desecration of something holy or sacred; defilement, profanation."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 28 13 12 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 7 7 44 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ecology",
"orig": "en:Ecology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1839, Robley Dunglison, Medical Lexicon, Blanchard, page 492:",
"text": "When occasioned by a voluntary act it is called, simply, Pollution or Masturbation (q.v.); when excited, during sleep, by lascivious dreams, it takes the name Noctur'nal pollution, Exoneiro'sis, Oneirog'mos, Oneirog'onos, Gonorrhœ'a dormien'tium, G. oneirog'onos, G. Vera, G. libidino'sa, Proflu'vium Sem'inis, Spermatorrhœ'a, Paronir'ia salax, Night pollution.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1927, Havelock Ellis, Studies in the Psychology of Sex, volume 1:",
"text": "According to Billuart and other theologians, pollution in sleep is not sin, unless voluntarily caused; if, however, it begins in sleep, and is completed in the half-waking state, with a sense of pleasure, it is a venial sin.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The ejaculation of semen outside of sexual intercourse, especially a nocturnal emission."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "3 0 1 93 4",
"sense": "ejaculation",
"word": "self-pollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 0 1 93 4",
"sense": "ejaculation",
"word": "nocturnal emission"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 0 1 93 4",
"sense": "ejaculation",
"word": "coitus interruptus"
}
],
"id": "en-pollution-en-noun-MwXUXtrH",
"links": [
[
"ejaculation",
"ejaculation"
],
[
"semen",
"semen"
],
[
"sexual intercourse",
"sexual intercourse"
],
[
"nocturnal emission",
"nocturnal emission"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now archaic) The ejaculation of semen outside of sexual intercourse, especially a nocturnal emission."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 7 5 82 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poljúcija",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "полю́ция"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 5 82 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poluce"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 5 82 1",
"code": "fi",
"english": "masturbation",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"word": "itsesaastutus"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 5 82 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pollution"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 5 82 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ṗolucia",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"word": "პოლუცია"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 5 82 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shfikhát zéra levatalá",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "שפיכת זרע לבטלה"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 5 82 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"word": "pollúció"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 5 82 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "polluzione"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 5 82 1",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"word": "pollucion"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 5 82 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "polução"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 5 82 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "polljúcija",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "поллю́ция"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 28 13 12 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], Pride and Prejudice: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "She condescended to wait on them at Pemberley, in spite of that pollution which its woods had received.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Moral or spiritual corruption; impurity, degradation, defilement."
],
"id": "en-pollution-en-noun--CDibMfG",
"links": [
[
"corruption",
"corruption"
],
[
"impurity",
"impurity"
],
[
"degradation",
"degradation"
],
[
"defilement",
"defilement"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "14 0 15 4 68",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bezoedeling"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 0 15 4 68",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "milieuverontreiniging"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 0 15 4 68",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pollutie"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 0 15 4 68",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "smet"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 0 15 4 68",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "défilement"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 0 15 4 68",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "seúv",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סיאוב"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 0 15 4 68",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"word": "pollucion"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 0 15 4 68",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poluição"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pəˈl(j)uːʃən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pəˈluʃən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-pollution.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/13/En-uk-pollution.ogg/En-uk-pollution.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/En-uk-pollution.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "soilage"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pollution"
],
"word": "pollution"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "conservation"
},
{
"word": "purity"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Hindi translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Khmer translations",
"Requests for review of Marathi translations",
"Requests for review of Norwegian translations",
"Requests for review of Sanskrit translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Inuktitut translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Ecology"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "air pollution"
},
{
"word": "antipollution"
},
{
"word": "electropollution"
},
{
"word": "genetic pollution"
},
{
"word": "light pollution"
},
{
"word": "nocturnal pollution"
},
{
"word": "noise pollution"
},
{
"word": "nonpollution"
},
{
"word": "overpollution"
},
{
"word": "photopollution"
},
{
"word": "pollutionist"
},
{
"word": "pollutionless"
},
{
"word": "pollution permit system"
},
{
"word": "self-pollution"
},
{
"word": "soil pollution"
},
{
"word": "visual pollution"
},
{
"word": "water pollution"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "pollucion"
},
"expansion": "Middle English pollucion",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "pollutiun"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman pollutiun",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "pollution"
},
"expansion": "Middle French pollution",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pollūtiō",
"4": "",
"5": "defilement, desecration; nocturnal emission"
},
"expansion": "Latin pollūtiō (“defilement, desecration; nocturnal emission”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λῦμα",
"t": "filth, dirt, disgrace"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λῦμα (lûma, “filth, dirt, disgrace”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "loth",
"t": "mud, dirt"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish loth (“mud, dirt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "lutynas",
"t": "pool, puddle"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian lutynas (“pool, puddle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English pollucion, from Anglo-Norman pollutiun, Middle French pollution, pollucion, and their source, post-classical Latin pollūtiō (“defilement, desecration; nocturnal emission”) (4th century), from the participial stem of polluō (“to soil, defile, contaminate”), from por- (“before”) + -luō (“to smear”), related to lutum (“mud”) and luēs (“filth”). Compare Ancient Greek λῦμα (lûma, “filth, dirt, disgrace”) and λῦμαξ (lûmax, “rubbish, refuse”), Old Irish loth (“mud, dirt”), Lithuanian lutynas (“pool, puddle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pollutions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "pollution (countable and uncountable, plural pollutions)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"sense": "ejaculation",
"word": "self-pollution"
},
{
"sense": "ejaculation",
"word": "nocturnal emission"
},
{
"sense": "ejaculation",
"word": "coitus interruptus"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "polluter"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Pollution levels are almost always higher in cities rather than the countryside, what with the cars, industry and so on.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Edwin Black, chapter 1, in Internal Combustion:",
"text": "If successful, Edison and Ford—in 1914—would move society away from the[…]hazards of gasoline cars: air and water pollution, noise and noxiousness, constant coughing and the undeniable rise in cancers caused by smoke exhaust particulates.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018 July 13, Matthew Taylor, The Guardian:",
"text": "Schools across the country are moving to ban the school run amid growing concern about the devastating impact of air pollution on young people’s health.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, George Monbiot, “Cars are killing us. Within 10 years, we must phase them out”, in Guardian.:",
"text": "Pollution now kills three times as many people worldwide as Aids, tuberculosis and malaria combined.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 August 9, “Network News: Network rail under fire for spending thousands of pounds on flights”, in RAIL, number 989, page 15:",
"text": "\"Flying only looks like a bargain because the cost of pollution is so cheap.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Physical contamination, now especially the contamination of the environment by harmful substances, or by disruptive levels of noise, light etc."
],
"links": [
[
"contamination",
"contamination"
],
[
"environment",
"environment"
],
[
"harmful",
"harmful"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Something that pollutes; a pollutant."
],
"links": [
[
"pollute",
"pollute"
],
[
"pollutant",
"pollutant"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "Men who attend the Altar, and should most / Endevor Peace: thir strife pollution brings / Upon the Temple it self […].",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1869, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], The Innocents Abroad, or The New Pilgrims’ Progress; […], Hartford, Conn.: American Publishing Company. […], →OCLC:",
"text": "[T]he most gallant knights that ever wielded sword wasted their lives away in a struggle to seize it and hold it sacred from infidel pollution.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The desecration of something holy or sacred; defilement, profanation."
],
"links": [
[
"desecration",
"desecration"
],
[
"defilement",
"defilement"
],
[
"profanation",
"profanation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare) The desecration of something holy or sacred; defilement, profanation."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1839, Robley Dunglison, Medical Lexicon, Blanchard, page 492:",
"text": "When occasioned by a voluntary act it is called, simply, Pollution or Masturbation (q.v.); when excited, during sleep, by lascivious dreams, it takes the name Noctur'nal pollution, Exoneiro'sis, Oneirog'mos, Oneirog'onos, Gonorrhœ'a dormien'tium, G. oneirog'onos, G. Vera, G. libidino'sa, Proflu'vium Sem'inis, Spermatorrhœ'a, Paronir'ia salax, Night pollution.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1927, Havelock Ellis, Studies in the Psychology of Sex, volume 1:",
"text": "According to Billuart and other theologians, pollution in sleep is not sin, unless voluntarily caused; if, however, it begins in sleep, and is completed in the half-waking state, with a sense of pleasure, it is a venial sin.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The ejaculation of semen outside of sexual intercourse, especially a nocturnal emission."
],
"links": [
[
"ejaculation",
"ejaculation"
],
[
"semen",
"semen"
],
[
"sexual intercourse",
"sexual intercourse"
],
[
"nocturnal emission",
"nocturnal emission"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now archaic) The ejaculation of semen outside of sexual intercourse, especially a nocturnal emission."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], Pride and Prejudice: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "She condescended to wait on them at Pemberley, in spite of that pollution which its woods had received.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Moral or spiritual corruption; impurity, degradation, defilement."
],
"links": [
[
"corruption",
"corruption"
],
[
"impurity",
"impurity"
],
[
"degradation",
"degradation"
],
[
"defilement",
"defilement"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pəˈl(j)uːʃən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pəˈluʃən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-pollution.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/13/En-uk-pollution.ogg/En-uk-pollution.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/En-uk-pollution.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "soilage"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poljúcija",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "полю́ция"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poluce"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "masturbation",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"word": "itsesaastutus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pollution"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ṗolucia",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"word": "პოლუცია"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shfikhát zéra levatalá",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "שפיכת זרע לבטלה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"word": "pollúció"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "polluzione"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"word": "pollucion"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "polução"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "polljúcija",
"sense": "archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "поллю́ция"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bezoedeling"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "milieuverontreiniging"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pollutie"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "smet"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "défilement"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "seúv",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סיאוב"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"word": "pollucion"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "archaic: defilement, corruption",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poluição"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "omgewingsbesoedeling"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ndotje"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "talwīṯ",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَلْوِيث"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "talawwuṯ",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَلَوُّث"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aġtotum",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "աղտոտում"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "kirlənmə"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "çirklənmə"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zabrúdžvannje",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "забру́джванне"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zabrudnjénnje",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "забрудне́нне"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "duśon",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "দূষণ"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saotradur"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zamǎrsjávane",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "замърся́ване"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "nyacnyam:hmu.",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "ညစ်ညမ်းမှု"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contaminació"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pol·lució"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "wu¹ jim⁵",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "污染"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "污染"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wūrǎn",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "污染"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "znečištění"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forurening"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vervuiling"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "milieuverontreiniging"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pollutie"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "milieuvervuiling"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "poluado"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "reostus"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "saaste"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"topics": [
"state"
],
"word": "saastuminen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "act",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "saastuttaminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pollution"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contaminación"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "dabinʒureba",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "დაბინძურება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verunreinigung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verschmutzung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Umweltverschmutzung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pollution"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "bisauleins",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rýpansi",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ρύπανση"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "mólynsi",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μόλυνση"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "zihúm",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "זיהום \\ זִהוּם"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pradūṣaṇ",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "प्रदूषण"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kāluṣya",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कालुष्य"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "környezetszennyezés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "szennyezés (the general term, optionally prefixed with light, noise, etc.)",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mengun"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "pencemaran"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "polusi"
},
{
"code": "iu",
"lang": "Inuktitut",
"roman": "itaangiyaqtoq",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "ᐃᑖᖏᔭᖅᑐᖅ"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inquinamento"
},
{
"alt": "おせん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "osen",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "汚染"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "lastau",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "ластау"
},
{
"alt": "汚染",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "oyeom",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "오염"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "kirdöö",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "кирдөө"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "mon la phit",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "ມົນລະພິດ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contaminatio"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "piesārņojums"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tarša"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zagaduvanje",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "загадување"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "pencemaran"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "malinīkaraṇaṁ",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "മലിനീകരണം"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "boxirdol",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "бохирдол"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "forurensing"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âludegi",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "آلودگی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zanieczyszczenie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poluição"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poluare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zagrjaznénije",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "загрязне́ние"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "pradūṣaṇa",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "प्रदूषण"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "truailleadh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "загађење"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "zagađenje"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "znečistenie"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "onesnaženje"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "polución"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contaminación"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "uchafuzi"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "miljöförstöring"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "förorening"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "ifloskuni",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "ифлоскунӣ"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kāluṣyaṁ",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "కాలుష్యం"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "mon-lá-paa-wá",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "มลภาวะ"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "mon-lá-pít",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "มลพิษ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "kirlilik"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "kirlenme"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "kirletme"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zabrúdnennja",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "забру́днення"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ālūdagī",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "آلودگی"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"word": "sự ô nhiễm"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "the contamination of the environment by harmful substances",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "llygredd"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pol·luent"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wūrănwù",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"word": "污染物"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forurening"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vervuiling"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "milieuverontreiniging"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pollutie"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"word": "saaste"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rýpos",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ρύπος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "zihúm",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "זיהום"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "mezahém",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מזהם"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"word": "szennyeződés"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inquinante"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "osen-busshitsu",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"word": "汚染物質"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zanieczyszczenie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poluente"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pollution"
],
"word": "pollution"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pollution meaning in English (29.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": ù-liám, u-jiám vs. zh-min-nan",
"path": [
"pollution"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "pollution",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "pollution/English/noun: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"note\": \"szennyez\\u00e9s (the general term, optionally prefixed with light, noise, etc.)\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\"}: {\"antonyms\": [{\"word\": \"conservation\"}, {\"word\": \"purity\"}], \"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Hindi translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Khmer translations\", \"Requests for review of Marathi translations\", \"Requests for review of Norwegian translations\", \"Requests for review of Sanskrit translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hokkien translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Kyrgyz translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Middle English translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tajik translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Ecology\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"air pollution\"}, {\"word\": \"antipollution\"}, {\"word\": \"electropollution\"}, {\"word\": \"genetic pollution\"}, {\"word\": \"light pollution\"}, {\"word\": \"nocturnal pollution\"}, {\"word\": \"noise pollution\"}, {\"word\": \"nonpollution\"}, {\"word\": \"overpollution\"}, {\"word\": \"photopollution\"}, {\"word\": \"pollutionist\"}, {\"word\": \"pollutionless\"}, {\"word\": \"pollution permit system\"}, {\"word\": \"self-pollution\"}, {\"word\": \"soil pollution\"}, {\"word\": \"visual pollution\"}, {\"word\": \"water pollution\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"pollucion\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English pollucion\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"xno\", \"3\": \"pollutiun\"}, \"expansion\": \"Anglo-Norman pollutiun\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"pollution\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French pollution\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"pollūtiō\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"defilement, desecration; nocturnal emission\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin pollūtiō (“defilement, desecration; nocturnal emission”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"grc\", \"2\": \"λῦμα\", \"t\": \"filth, dirt, disgrace\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λῦμα (lûma, “filth, dirt, disgrace”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sga\", \"2\": \"loth\", \"t\": \"mud, dirt\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish loth (“mud, dirt”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"lt\", \"2\": \"lutynas\", \"t\": \"pool, puddle\"}, \"expansion\": \"Lithuanian lutynas (“pool, puddle”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English pollucion, from Anglo-Norman pollutiun, Middle French pollution, pollucion, and their source, post-classical Latin pollūtiō (“defilement, desecration; nocturnal emission”) (4th century), from the participial stem of polluō (“to soil, defile, contaminate”), from por- (“before”) + -luō (“to smear”), related to lutum (“mud”) and luēs (“filth”). Compare Ancient Greek λῦμα (lûma, “filth, dirt, disgrace”) and λῦμαξ (lûmax, “rubbish, refuse”), Old Irish loth (“mud, dirt”), Lithuanian lutynas (“pool, puddle”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"pollutions\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"pollution (countable and uncountable, plural pollutions)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyponyms\": [{\"sense\": \"ejaculation\", \"word\": \"self-pollution\"}, {\"sense\": \"ejaculation\", \"word\": \"nocturnal emission\"}, {\"sense\": \"ejaculation\", \"word\": \"coitus interruptus\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"polluter\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Pollution levels are almost always higher in cities rather than the countryside, what with the cars, industry and so on.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"2006, Edwin Black, chapter 1, in Internal Combustion:\", \"text\": \"If successful, Edison and Ford—in 1914—would move society away from the[…]hazards of gasoline cars: air and water pollution, noise and noxiousness, constant coughing and the undeniable rise in cancers caused by smoke exhaust particulates.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2018 July 13, Matthew Taylor, The Guardian:\", \"text\": \"Schools across the country are moving to ban the school run amid growing concern about the devastating impact of air pollution on young people’s health.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2019, George Monbiot, “Cars are killing us. Within 10 years, we must phase them out”, in Guardian.:\", \"text\": \"Pollution now kills three times as many people worldwide as Aids, tuberculosis and malaria combined.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2023 August 9, “Network News: Network rail under fire for spending thousands of pounds on flights”, in RAIL, number 989, page 15:\", \"text\": \"\\\"Flying only looks like a bargain because the cost of pollution is so cheap.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Physical contamination, now especially the contamination of the environment by harmful substances, or by disruptive levels of noise, light etc.\"], \"links\": [[\"contamination\", \"contamination\"], [\"environment\", \"environment\"], [\"harmful\", \"harmful\"], [\"substance\", \"substance\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Something that pollutes; a pollutant.\"], \"links\": [[\"pollute\", \"pollute\"], [\"pollutant\", \"pollutant\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with rare senses\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Men who attend the Altar, and should most / Endevor Peace: thir strife pollution brings / Upon the Temple it self […].\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1869, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], The Innocents Abroad, or The New Pilgrims’ Progress; […], Hartford, Conn.: American Publishing Company. […], →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"[T]he most gallant knights that ever wielded sword wasted their lives away in a struggle to seize it and hold it sacred from infidel pollution.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The desecration of something holy or sacred; defilement, profanation.\"], \"links\": [[\"desecration\", \"desecration\"], [\"defilement\", \"defilement\"], [\"profanation\", \"profanation\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(now rare) The desecration of something holy or sacred; defilement, profanation.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1839, Robley Dunglison, Medical Lexicon, Blanchard, page 492:\", \"text\": \"When occasioned by a voluntary act it is called, simply, Pollution or Masturbation (q.v.); when excited, during sleep, by lascivious dreams, it takes the name Noctur'nal pollution, Exoneiro'sis, Oneirog'mos, Oneirog'onos, Gonorrhœ'a dormien'tium, G. oneirog'onos, G. Vera, G. libidino'sa, Proflu'vium Sem'inis, Spermatorrhœ'a, Paronir'ia salax, Night pollution.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1927, Havelock Ellis, Studies in the Psychology of Sex, volume 1:\", \"text\": \"According to Billuart and other theologians, pollution in sleep is not sin, unless voluntarily caused; if, however, it begins in sleep, and is completed in the half-waking state, with a sense of pleasure, it is a venial sin.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The ejaculation of semen outside of sexual intercourse, especially a nocturnal emission.\"], \"links\": [[\"ejaculation\", \"ejaculation\"], [\"semen\", \"semen\"], [\"sexual intercourse\", \"sexual intercourse\"], [\"nocturnal emission\", \"nocturnal emission\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(now archaic) The ejaculation of semen outside of sexual intercourse, especially a nocturnal emission.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], Pride and Prejudice: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"She condescended to wait on them at Pemberley, in spite of that pollution which its woods had received.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Moral or spiritual corruption; impurity, degradation, defilement.\"], \"links\": [[\"corruption\", \"corruption\"], [\"impurity\", \"impurity\"], [\"degradation\", \"degradation\"], [\"defilement\", \"defilement\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/pəˈl(j)uːʃən/\", \"tags\": [\"UK\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/pəˈluʃən/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"En-uk-pollution.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/13/En-uk-pollution.ogg/En-uk-pollution.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/En-uk-pollution.ogg\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"soilage\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"poljúcija\", \"sense\": \"archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"полю́ция\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"poluce\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"masturbation\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse\", \"word\": \"itsesaastutus\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"pollution\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"ṗolucia\", \"sense\": \"archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse\", \"word\": \"პოლუცია\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"shfikhát zéra levatalá\", \"sense\": \"archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"שפיכת זרע לבטלה\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse\", \"word\": \"pollúció\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"polluzione\"}, {\"code\": \"enm\", \"lang\": \"Middle English\", \"sense\": \"archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse\", \"word\": \"pollucion\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"polução\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"polljúcija\", \"sense\": \"archaic: emission of semen at other times than in sexual intercourse\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"поллю́ция\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"archaic: defilement, corruption\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bezoedeling\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"archaic: defilement, corruption\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"milieuverontreiniging\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"archaic: defilement, corruption\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"pollutie\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"archaic: defilement, corruption\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"smet\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"archaic: defilement, corruption\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"défilement\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"seúv\", \"sense\": \"archaic: defilement, corruption\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"סיאוב\"}, {\"code\": \"enm\", \"lang\": \"Middle English\", \"sense\": \"archaic: defilement, corruption\", \"word\": \"pollucion\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"archaic: defilement, corruption\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"poluição\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"omgewingsbesoedeling\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ndotje\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"talwīṯ\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَلْوِيث\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"talawwuṯ\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَلَوُّث\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"aġtotum\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"աղտոտում\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"kirlənmə\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"çirklənmə\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zabrúdžvannje\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"забру́джванне\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zabrudnjénnje\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"забрудне́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"duśon\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"দূষণ\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"saotradur\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zamǎrsjávane\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"замърся́ване\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"nyacnyam:hmu.\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"ညစ်ညမ်းမှု\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"contaminació\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"pol·lució\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"wu¹ jim⁵\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"污染\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"roman\": \"zh-min-nan\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"污染\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"wūrǎn\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"污染\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"znečištění\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"forurening\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"vervuiling\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"milieuverontreiniging\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"pollutie\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"milieuvervuiling\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"poluado\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"reostus\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"saaste\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"topics\": [\"state\"], \"word\": \"saastuminen\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"act\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"saastuttaminen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"pollution\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"contaminación\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"dabinʒureba\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"დაბინძურება\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Verunreinigung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Verschmutzung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Umweltverschmutzung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Pollution\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"bisauleins\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"rýpansi\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ρύπανση\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"mólynsi\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"μόλυνση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"zihúm\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"זיהום \\\\ זִהוּם\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"pradūṣaṇ\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"प्रदूषण\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kāluṣya\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"कालुष्य\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"környezetszennyezés\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"note\": \"szennyezés (the general term, optionally prefixed with light, noise, etc.)\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mengun\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"pencemaran\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"polusi\"}, {\"code\": \"iu\", \"lang\": \"Inuktitut\", \"roman\": \"itaangiyaqtoq\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"ᐃᑖᖏᔭᖅᑐᖅ\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"inquinamento\"}, {\"alt\": \"おせん\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"osen\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"汚染\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"lastau\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"ластау\"}, {\"alt\": \"汚染\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"oyeom\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"오염\"}, {\"code\": \"ky\", \"lang\": \"Kyrgyz\", \"roman\": \"kirdöö\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"кирдөө\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"mon la phit\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"ມົນລະພິດ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"contaminatio\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"piesārņojums\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tarša\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"zagaduvanje\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"загадување\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"pencemaran\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"malinīkaraṇaṁ\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"മലിനീകരണം\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"boxirdol\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"бохирдол\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"forurensing\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"âludegi\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"آلودگی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zanieczyszczenie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"poluição\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"poluare\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zagrjaznénije\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"загрязне́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"pradūṣaṇa\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"प्रदूषण\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"truailleadh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"загађење\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zagađenje\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"znečistenie\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"onesnaženje\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"polución\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"contaminación\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"uchafuzi\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"miljöförstöring\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"förorening\"}, {\"code\": \"tg\", \"lang\": \"Tajik\", \"roman\": \"ifloskuni\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"ифлоскунӣ\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"kāluṣyaṁ\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"కాలుష్యం\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"mon-lá-paa-wá\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"มลภาวะ\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"mon-lá-pít\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"มลพิษ\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"kirlilik\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"kirlenme\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"kirletme\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zabrúdnennja\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"забру́днення\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"ālūdagī\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"آلودگی\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"word\": \"sự ô nhiễm\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"the contamination of the environment by harmful substances\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"llygredd\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pol·luent\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"wūrănwù\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"word\": \"污染物\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"forurening\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"vervuiling\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"milieuverontreiniging\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"pollutie\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"word\": \"saaste\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"rýpos\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ρύπος\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"zihúm\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"זיהום\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"mezahém\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"מזהם\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"word\": \"szennyeződés\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"inquinante\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"osen-busshitsu\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"word\": \"汚染物質\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zanieczyszczenie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"something that pollutes; pollutant — see also pollutant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"poluente\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"pollution\"], \"word\": \"pollution\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "pollution",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.