"sophistication" meaning in English

See sophistication in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-sophistication.wav Forms: sophistications [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English sophisticacion, sophisticacioun, sophisticacoun, from Old French sofisticacion, sophisticacion and Medieval Latin sophisticātio, -iōnis. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|sophisticacion}} Middle English sophisticacion, {{der|en|fro|sofisticacion}} Old French sofisticacion, {{der|en|ML.|sophisticātio}} Medieval Latin sophisticātio Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} sophistication (countable and uncountable, plural sophistications)
  1. Enlightenment or education. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (enlightenment or education): 教養 /教养 (jiàoyǎng) (Chinese Mandarin), zaawansowanie [neuter] (Polish), ionnsachadh [masculine] [education] (Scottish Gaelic)
    Sense id: en-sophistication-en-noun-pz8qlYdk Disambiguation of 'enlightenment or education': 91 0 1 1 3 4 0
  2. Cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire): изисканост (iziskanost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), изтънченост (iztǎnčenost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), Kultiviertheit [feminine] (German), raffinatezza [feminine] (Italian), urbānitās [feminine] (Latin), obycie [neuter] (Polish), wyrobienie [neuter] (Polish)
    Sense id: en-sophistication-en-noun-m02QdxJw Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 1 34 5 2 2 25 30 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 2 42 2 2 2 29 21 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 2 29 3 2 2 35 27 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 35 2 1 2 27 32 Disambiguation of 'cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire': 0 92 0 0 0 4 3
  3. Deceptive logic; sophistry. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (deceptive logic; sophistry): софистика (sofistika) [feminine] (Bulgarian), Raffinesse [feminine] (German), álokoskodás (Hungarian), hamis érvelés (Hungarian)
    Sense id: en-sophistication-en-noun-wYfdbxfZ Disambiguation of 'deceptive logic; sophistry': 1 1 97 0 1 1 1
  4. Falsification or contamination. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (falsification or contamination): подправяне (podpravjane) [neuter] (Bulgarian), фалшификация (falšifikacija) [feminine] (Bulgarian), meghamisítás (Hungarian), elferdítés (Hungarian)
    Sense id: en-sophistication-en-noun-K0qx0KFy Disambiguation of 'falsification or contamination': 1 1 0 94 2 2 1
  5. Complexity. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (complexity): сложност (složnost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), Raffinesse [feminine] (German), Komplexheit [feminine] (German), Ausgereiftheit [masculine] (German), Sophistikation [feminine] (German), Hochentwicklung [feminine] (German), complessità [feminine] (Italian), finezza [feminine] (Italian), finezja [feminine] (Polish), wyrafinowanie [neuter] (Polish)
    Sense id: en-sophistication-en-noun--HpPFcZp Disambiguation of 'complexity': 1 0 0 1 71 26 0
  6. Ability to deal with complexity. Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-sophistication-en-noun-fqeup1-X Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Interlingua translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 1 34 5 2 2 25 30 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 2 29 3 2 2 35 27 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 35 2 1 2 27 32 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 2 29 6 2 2 40 19 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 1 27 2 1 2 46 21 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 2 28 3 2 3 44 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 2 28 6 3 5 39 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Interlingua translations: 1 26 5 1 2 44 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 1 28 2 1 2 45 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 1 28 2 1 2 45 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 2 25 6 2 4 42 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 2 29 6 2 2 40 19 Disambiguation of Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations: 2 26 6 2 2 46 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 1 30 2 1 1 43 22
  7. (archaic) The act of sophisticating; adulteration. Tags: archaic, countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-sophistication-en-noun-bjJg1mO- Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 1 34 5 2 2 25 30 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 2 29 3 2 2 35 27 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 35 2 1 2 27 32
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: oversophistication

Inflected forms

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “cultivated intellectual worldliness”",
      "word": "provincialism"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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        "3": "sofisticacion"
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      "expansion": "Old French sofisticacion",
      "name": "der"
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    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "sophisticātio"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin sophisticātio",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English sophisticacion, sophisticacioun, sophisticacoun, from Old French sofisticacion, sophisticacion and Medieval Latin sophisticātio, -iōnis.",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "sophistications",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "sophistication (countable and uncountable, plural sophistications)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Enlightenment or education."
      ],
      "id": "en-sophistication-en-noun-pz8qlYdk",
      "links": [
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          "Enlightenment",
          "enlightenment"
        ],
        [
          "education",
          "education"
        ]
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      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "91 0 1 1 3 4 0",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "jiàoyǎng",
          "sense": "enlightenment or education",
          "word": "教養 /教养"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 0 1 1 3 4 0",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "enlightenment or education",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "zaawansowanie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 0 1 1 3 4 0",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "enlightenment or education",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "topics": [
            "education"
          ],
          "word": "ionnsachadh"
        }
      ]
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      "glosses": [
        "Cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire."
      ],
      "id": "en-sophistication-en-noun-m02QdxJw",
      "links": [
        [
          "Cultivated",
          "cultivated"
        ],
        [
          "intellectual",
          "intellectual"
        ],
        [
          "worldliness",
          "worldliness"
        ],
        [
          "savoir-faire",
          "savoir-faire"
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      "tags": [
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      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 92 0 0 0 4 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "iziskanost",
          "sense": "cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "изисканост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 92 0 0 0 4 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "iztǎnčenost",
          "sense": "cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "изтънченост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 92 0 0 0 4 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Kultiviertheit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 92 0 0 0 4 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "raffinatezza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 92 0 0 0 4 3",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "urbānitās"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 92 0 0 0 4 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "obycie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 92 0 0 0 4 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "wyrobienie"
        }
      ]
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        "Deceptive logic; sophistry."
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      "id": "en-sophistication-en-noun-wYfdbxfZ",
      "links": [
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          "deceptive"
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          "logic",
          "logic"
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        [
          "sophistry",
          "sophistry"
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          "_dis1": "1 1 97 0 1 1 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "sofistika",
          "sense": "deceptive logic; sophistry",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "софистика"
        },
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          "_dis1": "1 1 97 0 1 1 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "deceptive logic; sophistry",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Raffinesse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 97 0 1 1 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "deceptive logic; sophistry",
          "word": "álokoskodás"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 97 0 1 1 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "deceptive logic; sophistry",
          "word": "hamis érvelés"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Falsification or contamination."
      ],
      "id": "en-sophistication-en-noun-K0qx0KFy",
      "links": [
        [
          "Falsification",
          "falsification"
        ],
        [
          "contamination",
          "contamination"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 0 94 2 2 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "podpravjane",
          "sense": "falsification or contamination",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "подправяне"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 0 94 2 2 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "falšifikacija",
          "sense": "falsification or contamination",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фалшификация"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 0 94 2 2 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "falsification or contamination",
          "word": "meghamisítás"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 0 94 2 2 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "falsification or contamination",
          "word": "elferdítés"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The police force were unable to deal with the sophistication of the criminal network.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Complexity."
      ],
      "id": "en-sophistication-en-noun--HpPFcZp",
      "links": [
        [
          "Complexity",
          "complexity"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 0 1 71 26 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "složnost",
          "sense": "complexity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "сложност"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 0 1 71 26 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "complexity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Raffinesse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 0 1 71 26 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "complexity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Komplexheit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 0 1 71 26 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "complexity",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Ausgereiftheit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 0 1 71 26 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "complexity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Sophistikation"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 0 1 71 26 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "complexity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Hochentwicklung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 0 1 71 26 0",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "complexity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "complessità"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 0 1 71 26 0",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "complexity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "finezza"
        },
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          "_dis1": "1 0 0 1 71 26 0",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "complexity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "finezja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 0 1 71 26 0",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "complexity",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "wyrafinowanie"
        }
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      "glosses": [
        "Ability to deal with complexity."
      ],
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        "uncountable"
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      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "the sophistication of drugs",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1663-1671, Robert Boyle, Considerations touching the Usefulness of Experimental Natural Philosophy:",
          "text": "how generally they [drugs] are adulterated by the fraudulent avarice of the feller ; especially when the sophistication is very gainful",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The act of sophisticating; adulteration."
      ],
      "id": "en-sophistication-en-noun-bjJg1mO-",
      "links": [
        [
          "sophisticating",
          "sophisticate"
        ],
        [
          "adulteration",
          "adulteration"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) The act of sophisticating; adulteration."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/"
    },
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      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-sophistication.wav",
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  "word": "sophistication"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “cultivated intellectual worldliness”",
      "word": "provincialism"
    }
  ],
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    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
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    "Requests for review of French translations",
    "Requests for review of German translations",
    "Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
    "Requests for review of Italian translations",
    "Requests for review of Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
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    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Interlingua translations",
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    "Terms with Latin translations",
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    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "oversophistication"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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      "expansion": "Old French sofisticacion",
      "name": "der"
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        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "sophisticātio"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin sophisticātio",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English sophisticacion, sophisticacioun, sophisticacoun, from Old French sofisticacion, sophisticacion and Medieval Latin sophisticātio, -iōnis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sophistications",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "sophistication (countable and uncountable, plural sophistications)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Enlightenment or education."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Enlightenment",
          "enlightenment"
        ],
        [
          "education",
          "education"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Cultivated",
          "cultivated"
        ],
        [
          "intellectual",
          "intellectual"
        ],
        [
          "worldliness",
          "worldliness"
        ],
        [
          "savoir-faire",
          "savoir-faire"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Deceptive logic; sophistry."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Deceptive",
          "deceptive"
        ],
        [
          "logic",
          "logic"
        ],
        [
          "sophistry",
          "sophistry"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Falsification or contamination."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Falsification",
          "falsification"
        ],
        [
          "contamination",
          "contamination"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The police force were unable to deal with the sophistication of the criminal network.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Complexity."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Complexity",
          "complexity"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Ability to deal with complexity."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "the sophistication of drugs",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1663-1671, Robert Boyle, Considerations touching the Usefulness of Experimental Natural Philosophy:",
          "text": "how generally they [drugs] are adulterated by the fraudulent avarice of the feller ; especially when the sophistication is very gainful",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The act of sophisticating; adulteration."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sophisticating",
          "sophisticate"
        ],
        [
          "adulteration",
          "adulteration"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) The act of sophisticating; adulteration."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-sophistication.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sophistication.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sophistication.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sophistication.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sophistication.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "jiàoyǎng",
      "sense": "enlightenment or education",
      "word": "教養 /教养"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "enlightenment or education",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "zaawansowanie"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "enlightenment or education",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "education"
      ],
      "word": "ionnsachadh"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "iziskanost",
      "sense": "cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "изисканост"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "iztǎnčenost",
      "sense": "cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "изтънченост"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Kultiviertheit"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "raffinatezza"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "urbānitās"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "obycie"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "wyrobienie"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "sofistika",
      "sense": "deceptive logic; sophistry",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "софистика"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "deceptive logic; sophistry",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Raffinesse"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "deceptive logic; sophistry",
      "word": "álokoskodás"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "deceptive logic; sophistry",
      "word": "hamis érvelés"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "podpravjane",
      "sense": "falsification or contamination",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "подправяне"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "falšifikacija",
      "sense": "falsification or contamination",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фалшификация"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "falsification or contamination",
      "word": "meghamisítás"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "falsification or contamination",
      "word": "elferdítés"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "složnost",
      "sense": "complexity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "сложност"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "complexity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Raffinesse"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "complexity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Komplexheit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "complexity",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ausgereiftheit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "complexity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Sophistikation"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "complexity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Hochentwicklung"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "complexity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "complessità"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "complexity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "finezza"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "complexity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "finezja"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "complexity",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "wyrafinowanie"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sophistication"
}

Download raw JSONL data for sophistication meaning in English (7.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

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