See external in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "internal"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "anteroexternal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dorsoexternal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "externalism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "externalist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "externality"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "externalize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "externalise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "externally"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "externalness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external urethral orifice"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonexternal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "posteroexternal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external auditory meatus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external carotid artery"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external cause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external conflict"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external coupling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external ear"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external fertilization"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external iliac artery"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external link"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external maxillary artery"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external oblique"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external oblique muscle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external risk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external sandhi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external stimulus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "external world"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-teros"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "externus",
"4": "",
"5": "outward, external"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin externus (“outward, external”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English, from Medieval Latin externus (“outward, external”), from exter/exterus (“on the outside, outward”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more external",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most external",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "external (comparative more external, superlative most external)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Outside of something; on the exterior.",
"Situated near or toward the surface of the body."
],
"id": "en-external-en-adj-uQd6UYXa",
"links": [
[
"Outside",
"outside"
],
[
"exterior",
"exterior"
],
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"Situate",
"situate"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"body",
"body"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Outside of something; on the exterior.",
"(anatomy) Situated near or toward the surface of the body."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pharmacology",
"orig": "en:Pharmacology",
"parents": [
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Biology",
"Chemistry",
"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Outside of something; on the exterior.",
"Relating to or denoting a medicine or similar substance for use on the outside of the body."
],
"id": "en-external-en-adj-HsYNIvNt",
"links": [
[
"Outside",
"outside"
],
[
"exterior",
"exterior"
],
[
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"outside",
"outside"
],
[
"body",
"body"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Outside of something; on the exterior.",
"(pharmacology, relational) Relating to or denoting a medicine or similar substance for use on the outside of the body."
],
"tags": [
"relational"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pharmacology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This building has some external pipework.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene v]:",
"text": "Her virtues graced with external gifts.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book V”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "Of all external things, […] / She [Fancy] forms imaginations, aery shapes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Outside of something; on the exterior."
],
"id": "en-external-en-adj-Gkzf3t~Q",
"links": [
[
"Outside",
"outside"
],
[
"exterior",
"exterior"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Capable of being perceived outwardly.",
"Having merely the outward appearance of something."
],
"id": "en-external-en-adj-GTW9aI~D",
"links": [
[
"Capable",
"capable"
],
[
"perceive",
"perceive"
],
[
"outwardly",
"outwardly"
],
[
"merely",
"merely"
],
[
"outward",
"outward"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "superficial"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1850, Richard Chenevix Trench, Notes on the Miracles of Our Lord:",
"text": "The external circumstances are greatly different.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Capable of being perceived outwardly.",
"Not intrinsic or essential."
],
"id": "en-external-en-adj-AYyO6xPA",
"links": [
[
"Capable",
"capable"
],
[
"perceive",
"perceive"
],
[
"outwardly",
"outwardly"
],
[
"intrinsic",
"intrinsic"
],
[
"essential",
"essential"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "accidental"
},
{
"word": "accompanying"
},
{
"word": "extrinsic"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "external authority, external force",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Provided by something or someone outside of the entity (object, group, company etc.) considered."
],
"id": "en-external-en-adj-XHqMoyr6",
"links": [
[
"Provide",
"provide"
],
[
"outside",
"outside"
],
[
"entity",
"entity"
],
[
"object",
"object"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"company",
"company"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "external trade or commerce; the external relations of a state or kingdom",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Relating to or connected with foreign nations or institutions."
],
"id": "en-external-en-adj-n-NOiqKE",
"links": [
[
"connect",
"connect"
],
[
"foreign",
"foreign"
],
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"institution",
"institution"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "foreign"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "external reality",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having existence independent of the mind."
],
"id": "en-external-en-adj-3-v-wLiC",
"links": [
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"independent",
"independent"
],
[
"mind",
"mind"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "en:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "external degrees",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"For or concerning students registered with and taking the examinations of a university but not resident there."
],
"id": "en-external-en-adj-QtNoW-ha",
"links": [
[
"education",
"education"
],
[
"student",
"student"
],
[
"register",
"register"
],
[
"examination",
"examination"
],
[
"university",
"university"
],
[
"resident",
"resident"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(education) For or concerning students registered with and taking the examinations of a university but not resident there."
],
"topics": [
"education"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "en:Computing",
"parents": [
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
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],
"glosses": [
"Not contained in the main computer."
],
"id": "en-external-en-adj-urbWp6CF",
"links": [
[
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],
[
"hardware",
"hardware"
],
[
"contain",
"contain"
],
[
"main",
"main"
],
[
"computer",
"computer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"raw_tags": [
"of a hardware"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "peripheral"
}
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
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{
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"name": "Computing",
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],
"glosses": [
"Using a disk or tape drive rather than the main memory."
],
"id": "en-external-en-adj-pRtwTLJt",
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
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],
[
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[
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"tape drive"
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[
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]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"raw_tags": [
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪksˈtɜː.nəl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛksˈtɜː.nəl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛksˈtɝ.nəl/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪksˈtɝ.nəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-external.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/En-us-external.ogg/En-us-external.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/En-us-external.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)nəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "externall"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵārijiyy",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "خَارِجِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "artakʻin",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "արտաքին"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "znjéšni",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "зне́шні"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "vónkavy",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "во́нкавы"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vǎ́nšen",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "въ́ншен"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "extern"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "externa"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wàibù de",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "外部的"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "externí"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "vnější"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "udvendig"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ekstern"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "udvortes"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "uiterlijk"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "uitwendig"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ekstera"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "malena"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ulko-"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ulkoinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ulkonainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ulkopuolinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "externe"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "externo"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "garegani",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "გარეგანი"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gareta",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "გარეთა"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gare",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "გარე"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "außen-"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "extern"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "äußerlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "exoterikós",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "εξωτερικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "exṓteros",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ἐξώτερος"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "külső"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "extera"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ulkopooliin"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "imeachtrach"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "esterno"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"alt": "そとがわの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sotogawa no",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "外側の"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"alt": "がいぶの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gaibu no",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "外部の"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "tysqary",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "тысқары"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "oebu-ui",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "외부의"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "exter"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "externus"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "tulergi",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ᡨᡠᠯᡝᡵᡤᡳ"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "a waho"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "o waho"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "mōwaho"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "extèrne"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "extèrna"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "zahir",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ظاهر"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "birôni",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "بیرونی"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bigâne",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "بیگانه"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "pih",
"lang": "Pitcairn-Norfolk",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ekstirnal"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "zewnętrzny"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "externo"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "extern"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vnéšnij",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "вне́шний"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "narúžnyj",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "нару́жный"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "èkstērnī"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "ìzvanjskī"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "vànjskī"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "externý"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "vonkajší"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "externo"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "extern"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "bahirgata",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "బహిర్గత"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zóvnišnij",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "зо́внішній"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 28 28 1 1 11 0 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "bairūnī",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "بیرونی"
}
],
"word": "external"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-teros"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "externus",
"4": "",
"5": "outward, external"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin externus (“outward, external”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English, from Medieval Latin externus (“outward, external”), from exter/exterus (“on the outside, outward”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "externals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "external (plural externals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1979 December 22, S. J. Harris, “Life And Spirit”, in Gay Community News, volume 2, number 22, page 5:",
"text": "To a non-Christian who has never experienced but only observed the externals of Christianity, it appears to be merely another spiritual system, but to a person who has left one of the other religions and embraced the Christian faith, it is most definitely The Way, and all else pales to insignificance.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The exterior; outward features or appearances.",
"Inessential or superficial features."
],
"id": "en-external-en-noun-2swqYlKd",
"links": [
[
"exterior",
"exterior"
],
[
"outward",
"outward"
],
[
"feature",
"feature"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"Inessential",
"inessential"
],
[
"superficial",
"superficial"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) The exterior; outward features or appearances.",
"Inessential or superficial features."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXV, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 298:",
"text": "They had been such declared, such personal enemies, that, even in a court, it seemed wonderful how a decent external could be given to their reconciliation.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The exterior; outward features or appearances.",
"Outward appearance."
],
"id": "en-external-en-noun-T3mV6srt",
"links": [
[
"exterior",
"exterior"
],
[
"outward",
"outward"
],
[
"feature",
"feature"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"Outward",
"outward"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) The exterior; outward features or appearances.",
"Outward appearance."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Programming",
"orig": "en:Programming",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Software engineering",
"Technology",
"Computer science",
"Engineering",
"Software",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Applied sciences",
"Media",
"Fundamental",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 6 2 1 8 2 6 1 8 19 17 7 7 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 3 1 9 1 5 1 6 23 20 6 6 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 1 2 8 1 4 1 6 25 20 4 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A variable that is defined in the source code but whose value comes from some external source."
],
"id": "en-external-en-noun-3sob~DuI",
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"C language",
"C language"
],
[
"variable",
"variable"
],
[
"define",
"define"
],
[
"source code",
"source code"
],
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"external",
"#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(programming, in the C language) A variable that is defined in the source code but whose value comes from some external source."
],
"raw_tags": [
"in the C language"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪksˈtɜː.nəl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛksˈtɜː.nəl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛksˈtɝ.nəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪksˈtɝ.nəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-external.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/En-us-external.ogg/En-us-external.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/En-us-external.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)nəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "externall"
}
],
"word": "external"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "internal"
}
],
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *-teros",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -al",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)nəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)nəl/3 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Manchu translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Pitcairn-Norfolk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "anteroexternal"
},
{
"word": "dorsoexternal"
},
{
"word": "externalism"
},
{
"word": "externalist"
},
{
"word": "externality"
},
{
"word": "externalize"
},
{
"word": "externalise"
},
{
"word": "externally"
},
{
"word": "externalness"
},
{
"word": "external urethral orifice"
},
{
"word": "nonexternal"
},
{
"word": "posteroexternal"
},
{
"word": "external auditory meatus"
},
{
"word": "external carotid artery"
},
{
"word": "external cause"
},
{
"word": "external conflict"
},
{
"word": "external coupling"
},
{
"word": "external ear"
},
{
"word": "external fertilization"
},
{
"word": "external iliac artery"
},
{
"word": "external link"
},
{
"word": "external maxillary artery"
},
{
"word": "external oblique"
},
{
"word": "external oblique muscle"
},
{
"word": "external risk"
},
{
"word": "external sandhi"
},
{
"word": "external stimulus"
},
{
"word": "external world"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-teros"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "externus",
"4": "",
"5": "outward, external"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin externus (“outward, external”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English, from Medieval Latin externus (“outward, external”), from exter/exterus (“on the outside, outward”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more external",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most external",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "external (comparative more external, superlative most external)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"Outside of something; on the exterior.",
"Situated near or toward the surface of the body."
],
"links": [
[
"Outside",
"outside"
],
[
"exterior",
"exterior"
],
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"Situate",
"situate"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"body",
"body"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Outside of something; on the exterior.",
"(anatomy) Situated near or toward the surface of the body."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English relational adjectives",
"en:Pharmacology"
],
"glosses": [
"Outside of something; on the exterior.",
"Relating to or denoting a medicine or similar substance for use on the outside of the body."
],
"links": [
[
"Outside",
"outside"
],
[
"exterior",
"exterior"
],
[
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"outside",
"outside"
],
[
"body",
"body"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Outside of something; on the exterior.",
"(pharmacology, relational) Relating to or denoting a medicine or similar substance for use on the outside of the body."
],
"tags": [
"relational"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pharmacology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This building has some external pipework.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene v]:",
"text": "Her virtues graced with external gifts.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book V”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "Of all external things, […] / She [Fancy] forms imaginations, aery shapes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Outside of something; on the exterior."
],
"links": [
[
"Outside",
"outside"
],
[
"exterior",
"exterior"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Capable of being perceived outwardly.",
"Having merely the outward appearance of something."
],
"links": [
[
"Capable",
"capable"
],
[
"perceive",
"perceive"
],
[
"outwardly",
"outwardly"
],
[
"merely",
"merely"
],
[
"outward",
"outward"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "superficial"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1850, Richard Chenevix Trench, Notes on the Miracles of Our Lord:",
"text": "The external circumstances are greatly different.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Capable of being perceived outwardly.",
"Not intrinsic or essential."
],
"links": [
[
"Capable",
"capable"
],
[
"perceive",
"perceive"
],
[
"outwardly",
"outwardly"
],
[
"intrinsic",
"intrinsic"
],
[
"essential",
"essential"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "accidental"
},
{
"word": "accompanying"
},
{
"word": "extrinsic"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "external authority, external force",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Provided by something or someone outside of the entity (object, group, company etc.) considered."
],
"links": [
[
"Provide",
"provide"
],
[
"outside",
"outside"
],
[
"entity",
"entity"
],
[
"object",
"object"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"company",
"company"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "external trade or commerce; the external relations of a state or kingdom",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Relating to or connected with foreign nations or institutions."
],
"links": [
[
"connect",
"connect"
],
[
"foreign",
"foreign"
],
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"institution",
"institution"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "foreign"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "external reality",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having existence independent of the mind."
],
"links": [
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"independent",
"independent"
],
[
"mind",
"mind"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Education"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "external degrees",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"For or concerning students registered with and taking the examinations of a university but not resident there."
],
"links": [
[
"education",
"education"
],
[
"student",
"student"
],
[
"register",
"register"
],
[
"examination",
"examination"
],
[
"university",
"university"
],
[
"resident",
"resident"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(education) For or concerning students registered with and taking the examinations of a university but not resident there."
],
"topics": [
"education"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Computing"
],
"glosses": [
"Not contained in the main computer."
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"hardware",
"hardware"
],
[
"contain",
"contain"
],
[
"main",
"main"
],
[
"computer",
"computer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing, of a hardware) Not contained in the main computer."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a hardware"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "peripheral"
}
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Computing"
],
"glosses": [
"Using a disk or tape drive rather than the main memory."
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"storage",
"storage"
],
[
"disk",
"disk"
],
[
"tape drive",
"tape drive"
],
[
"main memory",
"main memory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing, of storage) Using a disk or tape drive rather than the main memory."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of storage"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪksˈtɜː.nəl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛksˈtɜː.nəl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛksˈtɝ.nəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪksˈtɝ.nəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-external.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/En-us-external.ogg/En-us-external.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/En-us-external.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)nəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "externall"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵārijiyy",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "خَارِجِيّ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "artakʻin",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "արտաքին"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "znjéšni",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "зне́шні"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "vónkavy",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "во́нкавы"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vǎ́nšen",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "въ́ншен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "extern"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "externa"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wàibù de",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "外部的"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "externí"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "vnější"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "udvendig"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ekstern"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "udvortes"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "uiterlijk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "uitwendig"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ekstera"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "malena"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ulko-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ulkoinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ulkonainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ulkopuolinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "externe"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "externo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "garegani",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "გარეგანი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gareta",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "გარეთა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gare",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "გარე"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "außen-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "extern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "äußerlich"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "exoterikós",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "εξωτερικός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "exṓteros",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ἐξώτερος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "külső"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "extera"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ulkopooliin"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "imeachtrach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "esterno"
},
{
"alt": "そとがわの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sotogawa no",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "外側の"
},
{
"alt": "がいぶの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gaibu no",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "外部の"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "tysqary",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "тысқары"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "oebu-ui",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "외부의"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "exter"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "externus"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "tulergi",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ᡨᡠᠯᡝᡵᡤᡳ"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "a waho"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "o waho"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "mōwaho"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "extèrne"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "extèrna"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "zahir",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ظاهر"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "birôni",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "بیرونی"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bigâne",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "بیگانه"
},
{
"code": "pih",
"lang": "Pitcairn-Norfolk",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "ekstirnal"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "zewnętrzny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "externo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "extern"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vnéšnij",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "вне́шний"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "narúžnyj",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "нару́жный"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "èkstērnī"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "ìzvanjskī"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "outside of something",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "vànjskī"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "externý"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "vonkajší"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "externo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "extern"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "bahirgata",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "బహిర్గత"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zóvnišnij",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "зо́внішній"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "bairūnī",
"sense": "outside of something",
"word": "بیرونی"
}
],
"word": "external"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *-teros",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -al",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)nəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)nəl/3 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Manchu translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Pitcairn-Norfolk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-teros"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "externus",
"4": "",
"5": "outward, external"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin externus (“outward, external”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English, from Medieval Latin externus (“outward, external”), from exter/exterus (“on the outside, outward”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "externals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "external (plural externals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1979 December 22, S. J. Harris, “Life And Spirit”, in Gay Community News, volume 2, number 22, page 5:",
"text": "To a non-Christian who has never experienced but only observed the externals of Christianity, it appears to be merely another spiritual system, but to a person who has left one of the other religions and embraced the Christian faith, it is most definitely The Way, and all else pales to insignificance.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The exterior; outward features or appearances.",
"Inessential or superficial features."
],
"links": [
[
"exterior",
"exterior"
],
[
"outward",
"outward"
],
[
"feature",
"feature"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"Inessential",
"inessential"
],
[
"superficial",
"superficial"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) The exterior; outward features or appearances.",
"Inessential or superficial features."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXV, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 298:",
"text": "They had been such declared, such personal enemies, that, even in a court, it seemed wonderful how a decent external could be given to their reconciliation.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The exterior; outward features or appearances.",
"Outward appearance."
],
"links": [
[
"exterior",
"exterior"
],
[
"outward",
"outward"
],
[
"feature",
"feature"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"Outward",
"outward"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) The exterior; outward features or appearances.",
"Outward appearance."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Programming"
],
"glosses": [
"A variable that is defined in the source code but whose value comes from some external source."
],
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"C language",
"C language"
],
[
"variable",
"variable"
],
[
"define",
"define"
],
[
"source code",
"source code"
],
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"external",
"#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(programming, in the C language) A variable that is defined in the source code but whose value comes from some external source."
],
"raw_tags": [
"in the C language"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪksˈtɜː.nəl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛksˈtɜː.nəl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛksˈtɝ.nəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪksˈtɝ.nəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-external.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/En-us-external.ogg/En-us-external.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/En-us-external.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)nəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "externall"
}
],
"word": "external"
}
Download raw JSONL data for external meaning in English (22.4kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''Outside of something; on the e'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"external"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "external",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.