See superficial in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"name": "bor"
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{
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"t2": "-al"
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"expansion": "superficiēs (“top, surface”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix)",
"name": "af"
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{
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"examples": [
{
"text": "superficial muscles",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The epidermis is superficial to the subcutis.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2018 November 8, Dr. Melina Jampolis, “The real science behind fascia ailments”, in CNN:",
"text": "The superficial fascia surrounds the body and includes subcutaneous fat; the deep fascia surrounds the musculoskeletal system; the meningeal fascia surrounds the nervous system; the visceral fascia surrounds body cavities and organs.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Existing, occurring, or located on the surface.",
"Closer to the surface of the body; especially, situated or occurring on the skin or immediately beneath it."
],
"id": "en-superficial-en-adj-en:anatomy",
"links": [
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[
"surface",
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[
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[
"to",
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[
"body",
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[
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],
[
"skin",
"skin"
],
[
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"beneath"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) Existing, occurring, or located on the surface.",
"(anatomy, relational, often with to) Closer to the surface of the body; especially, situated or occurring on the skin or immediately beneath it."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with to"
],
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"word": "surficial"
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],
"tags": [
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"medicine",
"sciences"
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 71 3 4 4 8 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiǎncéng",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "淺層 /浅层"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 71 3 4 4 8 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiǎn",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "淺 /浅"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 71 3 4 4 8 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "pinnallinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 71 3 4 4 8 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "pinta-"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 71 3 4 4 8 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "oberflächlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 71 3 4 4 8 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "äußerlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 71 3 4 4 8 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "ākahu"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 71 3 4 4 8 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "kirimoko"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 71 3 4 4 8 2",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "overfladisk"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 71 3 4 4 8 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 71 3 4 4 8 2",
"code": "ru",
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"roman": "povérxnostnyj",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "пове́рхностный"
}
]
},
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"id": "en-superficial-en-adj-tm0~VXIU",
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[
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[
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[
"examine",
"examine"
],
[
"closely",
"closely"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "external"
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],
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{
"_dis1": "5 5 67 7 8 6 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appearing to be true",
"word": "näennäinen"
}
]
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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{
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"word": "overfladisk"
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{
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"code": "pl",
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"word": "powierzchowny"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 8 2 3 69 7 6",
"code": "pt",
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis1": "5 8 2 3 69 7 6",
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},
{
"_dis1": "5 8 2 3 69 7 6",
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},
{
"_dis1": "5 8 2 3 69 7 6",
"code": "gd",
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis1": "5 8 2 3 69 7 6",
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},
{
"_dis1": "5 8 2 3 69 7 6",
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},
{
"_dis1": "5 8 2 3 69 7 6",
"code": "tr",
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"word": "üstünkörü"
},
{
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},
{
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"code": "zza",
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"word": "payaser"
}
]
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{
"_dis": "21 22 4 10 13 19 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 4 11 14 17 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 4 10 13 19 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 4 11 14 17 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 4 11 14 17 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 4 11 14 17 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 4 11 14 18 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 22 4 10 13 19 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Zazaki translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 4 7 10 23 19 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "en:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Two-dimensional; drawn on a flat surface."
],
"id": "en-superficial-en-adj-P1KX6tOS",
"links": [
[
"Two-dimensional",
"two-dimensional"
],
[
"flat",
"flat"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Two-dimensional; drawn on a flat surface."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 9 2 4 4 70 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "two-dimensional, drawn on a flat surface",
"word": "kaksiulotteinen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Architecture",
"orig": "en:Architecture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 18 7 11 12 16 15 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 21 4 10 14 17 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 4 10 14 18 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bengali translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 4 11 16 17 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 4 11 14 17 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 4 10 14 18 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 4 10 14 18 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 4 10 14 18 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 4 10 14 18 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 5 10 14 17 14 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 21 7 8 12 18 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 5 10 14 18 11 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 20 4 11 14 17 14 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 20 7 9 13 17 14 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 4 11 14 17 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 5 11 13 15 14 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 4 12 16 17 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 22 4 9 13 16 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 21 5 10 13 18 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 20 4 12 15 18 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 4 10 14 18 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 4 11 14 17 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 4 11 14 17 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 4 11 14 17 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 4 11 14 17 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 4 11 14 18 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 4 7 10 23 19 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "en:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "one superficial foot",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Denoting a quantity of a material expressed in terms of area covered rather than linear dimension or volume."
],
"id": "en-superficial-en-adj-bdkxat7V",
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"quantity",
"quantity#English"
],
[
"material",
"material#English"
],
[
"area",
"area#English"
],
[
"linear",
"linear#English"
],
[
"dimension",
"dimension#English"
],
[
"volume",
"volume#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, architecture) Denoting a quantity of a material expressed in terms of area covered rather than linear dimension or volume."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "square"
}
],
"tags": [
"British"
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌsuː.pəˈfɪʃ.əl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌsu.pɚˈfɪʃ.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-superficial.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/71/En-us-superficial.ogg/En-us-superficial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/En-us-superficial.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪʃəl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "saṭḥiyy",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "سَطْحِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "povǎrhnosten",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "повърхностен"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biǎomiàn de",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "表面的"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "pinnallinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "pinta-"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "zedaṗiruli",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "ზედაპირული"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "oberflächlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epifaneiakós",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "επιφανειακός"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "epipólaios",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "ἐπιπόλαιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shitkhí",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "שִׁטְחִי"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "felszíni"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "felületi"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "superficiale"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "superficiālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "overfladisk"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "powierzchniowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "povérxnostnyj",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "пове́рхностный"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "yüzeysel"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "poverxnévyj",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "поверхне́вий"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oybnoyfik",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "אויבנאויפֿיק"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 2 4 4 9 3",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "sereyran"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 44 44 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "not thorough, concerned with the obvious or apparent",
"word": "pintapuolinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 44 44 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "not thorough, concerned with the obvious or apparent",
"word": "pinnallinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 44 44 1 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epifaneiakós",
"sense": "not thorough, concerned with the obvious or apparent",
"word": "επιφανειακός"
}
],
"word": "superficial"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "superficiālis",
"4": "",
"5": "of or belonging to the surface"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin superficiālis (“of or belonging to the surface”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "superficiēs",
"3": "-ālis",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "adjectival suffix",
"t1": "top, surface",
"t2": "-al"
},
"expansion": "superficiēs (“top, surface”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowing from Late Latin superficiālis (“of or belonging to the surface”), from superficiēs (“top, surface”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "superficials",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "superficial (plural superficials)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He always concentrates on the superficials and fails to see the real issue.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A surface detail."
],
"id": "en-superficial-en-noun-Nf-DF8aq",
"links": [
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"detail",
"detail"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) A surface detail."
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "superfice"
}
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌsuː.pəˈfɪʃ.əl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌsu.pɚˈfɪʃ.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-superficial.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/71/En-us-superficial.ogg/En-us-superficial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/En-us-superficial.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪʃəl"
}
],
"word": "superficial"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪʃəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪʃəl/4 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"en:Personality",
"en:Units of measure"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "nonsuperficial"
},
{
"word": "superficial fascia"
},
{
"word": "superficialism"
},
{
"word": "superficialist"
},
{
"word": "superficiality"
},
{
"word": "superficialize"
},
{
"word": "superficialise"
},
{
"word": "superficially"
},
{
"word": "superficialness"
},
{
"word": "superficial temporal artery"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "superficiālis",
"4": "",
"5": "of or belonging to the surface"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin superficiālis (“of or belonging to the surface”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "superficiēs",
"3": "-ālis",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "adjectival suffix",
"t1": "top, surface",
"t2": "-al"
},
"expansion": "superficiēs (“top, surface”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowing from Late Latin superficiālis (“of or belonging to the surface”), from superficiēs (“top, surface”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more superficial",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most superficial",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "superficial (comparative more superficial, superlative most superficial)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "superficiary"
},
{
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "topical"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English relational adjectives"
],
"glosses": [
"Existing, occurring, or located on the surface."
],
"links": [
[
"Exist",
"exist"
],
[
"occur",
"occur"
],
[
"located",
"located"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) Existing, occurring, or located on the surface."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "surficial"
}
],
"tags": [
"relational"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "deep"
}
],
"categories": [
"English relational adjectives",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Anatomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "superficial muscles",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The epidermis is superficial to the subcutis.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2018 November 8, Dr. Melina Jampolis, “The real science behind fascia ailments”, in CNN:",
"text": "The superficial fascia surrounds the body and includes subcutaneous fat; the deep fascia surrounds the musculoskeletal system; the meningeal fascia surrounds the nervous system; the visceral fascia surrounds body cavities and organs.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Existing, occurring, or located on the surface.",
"Closer to the surface of the body; especially, situated or occurring on the skin or immediately beneath it."
],
"links": [
[
"Exist",
"exist"
],
[
"occur",
"occur"
],
[
"located",
"located"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"situated",
"situate"
],
[
"skin",
"skin"
],
[
"beneath",
"beneath"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) Existing, occurring, or located on the surface.",
"(anatomy, relational, often with to) Closer to the surface of the body; especially, situated or occurring on the skin or immediately beneath it."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with to"
],
"senseid": [
"en:anatomy"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "surficial"
}
],
"tags": [
"often",
"relational"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Appearing to be true or real only until examined more closely."
],
"links": [
[
"Appear",
"appear"
],
[
"true",
"true"
],
[
"real",
"real"
],
[
"examine",
"examine"
],
[
"closely",
"closely"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "external"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "in-depth"
},
{
"word": "thorough"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page vii:",
"text": "Secondly, I continue to base my concepts on intensive study of a limited suite of collections, rather than superficial study of every packet that comes to hand.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not thorough, deep, or complete; concerned only with the obvious or apparent."
],
"links": [
[
"thorough",
"thorough"
],
[
"deep",
"deep"
],
[
"complete",
"complete"
],
[
"concerned",
"concerned"
],
[
"obvious",
"obvious"
],
[
"apparent",
"apparent"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cursory"
},
{
"word": "skin-deep"
},
{
"word": "surface-level"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "in-depth"
},
{
"word": "thorough"
},
{
"word": "substantive"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2014, \"Little Green Men\": A Primer on Modern Russian Unconventional Warfare, Ukraine 2013–2014, Fort Bragg, North Carolina: The United States Army Special Operations Command, page 43:",
"text": "These infamous little green men appeared during the decisive seizures or buildings and facilities, only to disappear when associated militias and local troops arrived to consolidate the gains. In this way they provided a measure of deniability—however superficial or implausible—for Moscow.⁴⁰",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not thorough, deep, or complete; concerned only with the obvious or apparent.",
"Lacking depth of character or understanding; lacking substance or significance."
],
"links": [
[
"thorough",
"thorough"
],
[
"deep",
"deep"
],
[
"complete",
"complete"
],
[
"concerned",
"concerned"
],
[
"obvious",
"obvious"
],
[
"apparent",
"apparent"
],
[
"depth",
"depth"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"understanding",
"understanding"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"significance",
"significance"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cursory"
},
{
"word": "skin-deep"
},
{
"word": "surface-level"
},
{
"word": "shallow"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Two-dimensional; drawn on a flat surface."
],
"links": [
[
"Two-dimensional",
"two-dimensional"
],
[
"flat",
"flat"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Two-dimensional; drawn on a flat surface."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Architecture"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "one superficial foot",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Denoting a quantity of a material expressed in terms of area covered rather than linear dimension or volume."
],
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"quantity",
"quantity#English"
],
[
"material",
"material#English"
],
[
"area",
"area#English"
],
[
"linear",
"linear#English"
],
[
"dimension",
"dimension#English"
],
[
"volume",
"volume#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, architecture) Denoting a quantity of a material expressed in terms of area covered rather than linear dimension or volume."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "square"
}
],
"tags": [
"British"
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌsuː.pəˈfɪʃ.əl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌsu.pɚˈfɪʃ.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-superficial.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/71/En-us-superficial.ogg/En-us-superficial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/En-us-superficial.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪʃəl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "saṭḥiyy",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "سَطْحِيّ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "povǎrhnosten",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "повърхностен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biǎomiàn de",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "表面的"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "pinnallinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "pinta-"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "zedaṗiruli",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "ზედაპირული"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "oberflächlich"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epifaneiakós",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "επιφανειακός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "epipólaios",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "ἐπιπόλαιος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shitkhí",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "שִׁטְחִי"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "felszíni"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "felületi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "superficiale"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "superficiālis"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "overfladisk"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "powierzchniowy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "povérxnostnyj",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "пове́рхностный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "yüzeysel"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "poverxnévyj",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "поверхне́вий"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oybnoyfik",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "אויבנאויפֿיק"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "existing or located on the surface",
"word": "sereyran"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiǎncéng",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "淺層 /浅层"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiǎn",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "淺 /浅"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "pinnallinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "pinta-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "oberflächlich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "äußerlich"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "ākahu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "kirimoko"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "overfladisk"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "povérxnostnyj",
"sense": "on or immediately beneath the skin",
"word": "пове́рхностный"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appearing to be true",
"word": "näennäinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "not thorough, concerned with the obvious or apparent",
"word": "pintapuolinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "not thorough, concerned with the obvious or apparent",
"word": "pinnallinen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epifaneiakós",
"sense": "not thorough, concerned with the obvious or apparent",
"word": "επιφανειακός"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "saṭḥiyy",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "سَطْحِيّ"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "udaśin",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "উদাসীন"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fūqiǎn",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "膚淺 /肤浅"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "povrchní"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "overfladisk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "oppervlakkig"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "supraĵa"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "malprofunda"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "pinnapealne"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "pinnallinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "superficiel"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "zedaṗiruli",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "ზედაპირული"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "oberflächlich"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "richós",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "ρηχός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "avathís",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "αβαθής"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "epipólaios",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "ἐπιπόλαιος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shitkhí",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "שִׁטְחִי"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sathī",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "सतही"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "felszínes"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "felületes"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "yfirborðskenndur"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "superficiale"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "of understanding",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "mōhio ngutu"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "overfladisk"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "powierzchowny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neglubókij",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "неглубо́кий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "povérxnostnyj",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "пове́рхностный"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "faoin"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "ytlig"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "yüzeysel"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "üstünkörü"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oybnoyfik",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "אויבנאויפֿיק"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "lacking understanding or substance",
"word": "payaser"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "two-dimensional, drawn on a flat surface",
"word": "kaksiulotteinen"
}
],
"word": "superficial"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪʃəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪʃəl/4 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"en:Personality",
"en:Units of measure"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "superficiālis",
"4": "",
"5": "of or belonging to the surface"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin superficiālis (“of or belonging to the surface”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "superficiēs",
"3": "-ālis",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "adjectival suffix",
"t1": "top, surface",
"t2": "-al"
},
"expansion": "superficiēs (“top, surface”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowing from Late Latin superficiālis (“of or belonging to the surface”), from superficiēs (“top, surface”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "superficials",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "superficial (plural superficials)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "superfice"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He always concentrates on the superficials and fails to see the real issue.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A surface detail."
],
"links": [
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"detail",
"detail"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) A surface detail."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌsuː.pəˈfɪʃ.əl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌsu.pɚˈfɪʃ.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-superficial.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/71/En-us-superficial.ogg/En-us-superficial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/En-us-superficial.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪʃəl"
}
],
"word": "superficial"
}
Download raw JSONL data for superficial meaning in English (20.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.