See a- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"3": "enm:a-<ety:inh<ang:ā->>",
"id": "away"
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"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*uz-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*uʀ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ar-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ā-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"a-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"a-\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"away\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"a-\" id=\"English:_away\">",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "a-",
"t": "up, out, away"
},
"expansion": "Middle English a- (“up, out, away”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ā-"
},
"expansion": "Old English ā-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
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"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*uʀ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*uz-",
"t": "out-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out-”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*uds-",
"t": "up, out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *uds- (“up, out”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "a-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon a-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "er-"
},
"expansion": "German er-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English a- (“up, out, away”), from Old English ā-, originally *ar-, *or-, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out-”), from Proto-Indo-European *uds- (“up, out”). Cognate with Old Saxon a-, German er-.",
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"text": "arise, await",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming verbs with the sense away, up, on, out."
],
"id": "en-a--en-prefix-en:up",
"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) Forming verbs with the sense away, up, on, out."
],
"senseid": [
"en:up"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
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"text": "abide, amaze",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming verbs with the sense of intensified action."
],
"id": "en-a--en-prefix-en:asthough",
"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) Forming verbs with the sense of intensified action."
],
"senseid": [
"en:asthough"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
}
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"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:a-<id:on><ety:from<an<id:on><ety:inh<ang:on>>>>",
"id": "on"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂en-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*an\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ana\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"on\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"an\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"a-\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"a-\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"on\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"a-\" id=\"English:_on\">",
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"2": "enm",
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "an",
"t": "on"
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"expansion": "Middle English an (“on”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ang",
"3": "an",
"t": "on"
},
"expansion": "Old English an (“on”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "preposition",
"2": "on, to, in, etc."
},
"expansion": "(preposition, on, to, in, etc.)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English a- (“on”), derived from unstressed Middle English an (“on”), from Old English an (“on”). See a (preposition, on, to, in, etc.)",
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"date": "First attested prior to 1150",
"references": []
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28,
29
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38
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"text": "aglow, apace, afire, aboil, a-bling, abluster",
"type": "example"
}
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"glosses": [
"In, on, at; used to show a state, condition, or manner. Also passing into sense 2."
],
"id": "en-a--en-prefix-en:having",
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"In",
"in"
],
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"on"
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"(rare or no longer productive) In, on, at; used to show a state, condition, or manner. Also passing into sense 2."
],
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"morpheme",
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"text": "asunder",
"type": "example"
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"In, into. Also passing into sense 5."
],
"id": "en-a--en-prefix-en:into",
"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) In, into. Also passing into sense 5."
],
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"text": "astern, abeam",
"type": "example"
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"In the direction of, or toward."
],
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"toward",
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"type": "example"
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"glosses": [
"At such a time."
],
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"(archaic or dialectal) At such a time."
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"_dis": "2 8 2 0 1 0 25 7 3 7 26 4 2 2 10 2",
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"text": "hits a-poppin",
"type": "example"
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"tags": [
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],
"text": "doins a-transpirin",
"type": "example"
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{
"ref": "1777, Thomas Arne, A-Hunting We Will Go:",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1780, The Twelve Days of Christmas",
"text": "The twelfth day of Christmas,\nMy true love sent to me\nTwelve lords a-leaping,\n…\nEight maids a-milking,\nSeven swans a-swimming,\nSix geese a-laying,"
},
{
"text": "circa 1850, Here We Come A-wassailing/Here We Come A-caroling\nHere we come a-wassailing\nAmong the leaves so green;\nHere we come a-wand’ring\nSo fair to be seen."
},
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],
"ref": "1939, Alfred Edward Housman, Additional Poems, XIII, lines 6-7:",
"text": "Oh waste no words a-wooing\nThe soft sleep to your bed;",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1947, A NORTH-COUNTY DUBLIN CLOSSARY",
"text": "The hay is a-cutting now. You're a-wanting."
},
{
"ref": "1964, Bob Dylan, \"The Times They Are a-Changin' \" (recorded 1963, released 1964)",
"text": "The order is rapidly fadin'\nAnd the first one now will later be last\nFor the times they are a-changin'"
},
{
"ref": "circa 1970, bumper sticker",
"text": "If the van’s a-rockin’, don’t come a-knockin’."
}
],
"glosses": [
"In the act or process of. Used in some dialects before a present participle."
],
"id": "en-a--en-prefix-en:doing",
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"(archaic or dialectal) In the act or process of. Used in some dialects before a present participle."
],
"senseid": [
"en:doing"
],
"tags": [
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"dialectal",
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]
}
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"word": "a-"
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"2": "ge"
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"3": "a-"
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"expansion": "Middle English a-",
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"2": "ang",
"3": "ġe-"
},
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"name": "inh"
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"2": "gmw-pro",
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"3": "*ḱóm",
"t": "with"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English a-, a variant form of y-, from Old English ġe-, from Proto-West Germanic *ga-, from Proto-Germanic *ga-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with”).",
"forms": [
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"form": "i-",
"tags": [
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"extra": "In dialect, it is sometimes conflated with sense 5 of the previous definition, and is used as a general indicator of a participle",
"word": "y-"
}
],
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"date": "First attested around 1150 to 1350 (Middle English).",
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"text": "aware, alike",
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"Alternative form of y-. In dialect, it is sometimes conflated with sense 5 of the previous definition, and is used as a general indicator of a participle."
],
"id": "en-a--en-prefix-en:participle",
"links": [
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"y-#English"
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],
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"(archaic and dialectal) Alternative form of y-. In dialect, it is sometimes conflated with sense 5 of the previous definition, and is used as a general indicator of a participle."
],
"senseid": [
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],
"tags": [
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"alternative",
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"text": "I have a-gone.",
"type": "example"
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],
"text": "I have a-seen a bird.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the past participle of a verb."
],
"id": "en-a--en-prefix-en:pastparticiple",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Devon) Used to form the past participle of a verb."
],
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],
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"morpheme"
]
}
],
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}
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"2": "xno",
"3": "a-"
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"expansion": "Anglo-Norman a-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "e-"
},
"expansion": "Old French e-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ex-"
},
"expansion": "Latin ex-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Anglo-Norman a-, from Old French e-, from Latin ex-.",
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],
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"Forming words with the sense of wholly, or utterly out."
],
"id": "en-a--en-prefix-en:fully",
"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) Forming words with the sense of wholly, or utterly out."
],
"senseid": [
"en:fully"
],
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]
}
],
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"2": ":der",
"3": "grc:ἀ-<id:un->",
"id": "not"
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"name": "etymon"
},
{
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"2": "grc",
"3": "ἀ-<id:un->"
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"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "un-",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of un-",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-), preconsonantal form of ἀν- (an-). Distant doublet of un-.",
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"lang_code": "en",
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"text": "amoral, asymmetry, atheism, asexual, acyclic, atypical",
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{
"ref": "1948 (revised 1952), Robert Graves, The White Goddess, Faber & Faber 1999, page 7",
"text": "When invited to believe in the Chimaera, the horse-centaurs, or the winged horse Pegasus, all of them straightforward Pelasgian cult-symbols, a philosopher felt bound to reject them as a-zoölogical improbabilities …."
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[
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"not"
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{
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{
"sense": "not",
"word": "dys-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "i-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "il-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "ir-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "mal-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "non-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "un-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "epä-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "а-"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "an-"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "... karşıtı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "-tanımaz"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "... olmayan"
}
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/eɪ/",
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"Canada",
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
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{
"audio": "en-us-a-(2).ogg",
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},
{
"ipa": "/æɪ/",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ə/",
"tags": [
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/a/",
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"Philippines"
]
}
],
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}
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ad",
"t": "towards"
},
"expansion": "Latin ad (“towards”)",
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}
],
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{
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"text": "ascend, aspire, amass, abandon, avenue",
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}
],
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],
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"(no longer productive) Towards; Used to indicate direction, reduction to, increase to, change into, or motion."
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{
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}
],
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{
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{
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{
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}
],
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"Away from."
],
"id": "en-a--en-prefix-en:away",
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"(no longer productive) Away from."
],
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"en:away"
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"args": {
"1": "preposition",
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],
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{
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],
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"Of, from."
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"(no longer productive) Of, from."
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"en:of"
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],
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}
],
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"Alternative form of -a (“empty syllable added to songs, poetry, verse and other speech”)."
],
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[
"-a",
"-a#English"
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],
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],
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}
{
"etymology_number": "10",
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "a-",
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[
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],
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"translation": "Let that child alone, will you.",
"type": "example"
}
],
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"Used as a prefix to verbs in the sense of remaining in the same condition. Actively doing something."
],
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"(Chester) Used as a prefix to verbs in the sense of remaining in the same condition. Actively doing something."
],
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],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "a-"
}
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English productive prefixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂ew",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *úd",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
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"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English unproductive prefixes",
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"Pages using etymon with no ID",
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"Pages with etymon",
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"id": "away"
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"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*uz-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*uʀ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ar-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ā-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"a-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"a-\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"away\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"a-\" id=\"English:_away\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "a-",
"t": "up, out, away"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ā-"
},
"expansion": "Old English ā-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*uʀ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*uz-",
"t": "out-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out-”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*uds-",
"t": "up, out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *uds- (“up, out”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "a-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon a-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "er-"
},
"expansion": "German er-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English a- (“up, out, away”), from Old English ā-, originally *ar-, *or-, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out-”), from Proto-Indo-European *uds- (“up, out”). Cognate with Old Saxon a-, German er-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "a-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
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],
"tags": [
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],
"text": "arise, await",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming verbs with the sense away, up, on, out."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) Forming verbs with the sense away, up, on, out."
],
"senseid": [
"en:up"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
},
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{
"ref": "1780, The Twelve Days of Christmas",
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},
{
"text": "circa 1850, Here We Come A-wassailing/Here We Come A-caroling\nHere we come a-wassailing\nAmong the leaves so green;\nHere we come a-wand’ring\nSo fair to be seen."
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},
{
"ref": "circa 1970, bumper sticker",
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"ref": "1948 (revised 1952), Robert Graves, The White Goddess, Faber & Faber 1999, page 7",
"text": "When invited to believe in the Chimaera, the horse-centaurs, or the winged horse Pegasus, all of them straightforward Pelasgian cult-symbols, a philosopher felt bound to reject them as a-zoölogical improbabilities …."
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{
"sense": "not",
"word": "il-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "ir-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "mal-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "non-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "un-"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "epä-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "а-"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "an-"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "... karşıtı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "-tanımaz"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "not, without, opposite of",
"word": "... olmayan"
}
],
"word": "a-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English productive prefixes",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English unproductive prefixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 74 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "6",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "a-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English a-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "a-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French a-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ad",
"t": "towards"
},
"expansion": "Latin ad (“towards”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Assimilated form of ad- before b, sc, sp, st, and sometimes m. From Middle English a-, from Middle French a-, from Latin ad (“towards”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "a-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "First attested from around 1150 to 1350.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
1
],
[
8,
9
],
[
16,
17
],
[
18,
19
],
[
23,
24
],
[
25,
26
],
[
32,
33
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "ascend, aspire, amass, abandon, avenue",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Towards; Used to indicate direction, reduction to, increase to, change into, or motion."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) Towards; Used to indicate direction, reduction to, increase to, change into, or motion."
],
"senseid": [
"en:towards"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "a-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English productive prefixes",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English unproductive prefixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 74 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "7",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ab",
"t": "of, off, from, away"
},
"expansion": "Latin ab (“of, off, from, away”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin ab (“of, off, from, away”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "a-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "First attested from around 1150 to 1350.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
1
],
[
7,
8
],
[
17,
18
],
[
26,
27
],
[
34,
35
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "avert, aperient, abridge, assoil, assoilzie",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Away from."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) Away from."
],
"senseid": [
"en:away"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "a-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English productive prefixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English unproductive prefixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 74 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "8",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "a-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English a-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "preposition",
"2": "of"
},
"expansion": "(preposition, of)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English a-, o- (“of”). See a (preposition, of).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "a-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "First attested prior to 1150.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
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[
0,
1
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6,
7
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14,
15
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "anew, afresh, athirst",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of, from."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) Of, from."
],
"senseid": [
"en:of"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "a-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English productive prefixes",
"English unproductive prefixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 74 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "9",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "a-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "empty syllable added to songs, poetry, verse and other speech",
"word": "-a"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
],
[
9,
11
]
],
"text": "A-tisket a-tasket,\nA green and yellow basket",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -a (“empty syllable added to songs, poetry, verse and other speech”)."
],
"links": [
[
"-a",
"-a#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:emptysyllable"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "a-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English productive prefixes",
"English unproductive prefixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 74 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "10",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "a-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
],
[
6,
8
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "a-be, a-going",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
7
],
[
16,
17
],
[
28,
29
]
],
"english": "Let that child alone, will you.",
"text": "Let that choilt a-be, wilt ta.",
"translation": "Let that child alone, will you.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used as a prefix to verbs in the sense of remaining in the same condition. Actively doing something."
],
"qualifier": "Chester",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Chester) Used as a prefix to verbs in the sense of remaining in the same condition. Actively doing something."
],
"senseid": [
"en:unchanged"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "a-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for a- meaning in English (30.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.