See ruka on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ruka meaning in All languages combined (80.1kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "ruka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech ruka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "ruka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech ruka",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*ránkāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech ruka, from Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruční",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-decl-noun-dual",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ruko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"adj": "ruční"
},
"expansion": "ruka f (related adjective ruční)",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ru‧ka"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruka",
"10": "rukám",
"11": "ruce",
"12": "ruce",
"13": "rukách",
"14": "rukami",
"15": "ruce",
"16": "rukou",
"17": "rukám",
"18": "ruce",
"19": "ruce",
"2": "ruky",
"20": "rukou, rukách",
"21": "rukama",
"3": "ruce",
"4": "ruku",
"5": "ruko",
"6": "ruce",
"7": "rukou",
"8": "ruce",
"9": "ruk"
},
"name": "cs-decl-noun-dual"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "cs:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to draw free-hand",
"text": "kreslit od ruky",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to sketch free-hand",
"text": "črtat od ruky",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to hand something to someone",
"text": "dát do ruky",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hand"
],
"id": "en-ruka-cs-noun-GwAXBqQY",
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "bezruký"
},
{
"word": "být ruka v rukávě"
},
{
"word": "doručit"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "příručka"
},
{
"word": "příruční"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ručička"
},
{
"word": "ručit"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ručka"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ručnice"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ručník"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rukavice"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rukáv"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rukojeť"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rukověť"
},
{
"word": "zaručit"
},
{
"word": "zručný"
},
{
"word": "žít z ruky do huby"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pařát"
},
{
"word": "pazour"
},
{
"word": "pracka"
},
{
"word": "tlapa"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈruka]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uka"
},
{
"audio": "Cs-ruka.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/Cs-ruka.ogg/Cs-ruka.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Cs-ruka.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*ruka",
"id": "resin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *ruka",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *ruka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Karelia",
"tags": [
"South",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "Ingria",
"tags": [
"Tavastia"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "k-∅ gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "10*D/koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukien",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruasta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruaksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruatta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "k-∅ gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "10*D/koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rukani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukieni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruassani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruastani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualtani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruakseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruattani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rukasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruassasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruastasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualtasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruaksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruattasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rukamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruassamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruastamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualtamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruaksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruattamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukienne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukainne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukianne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruassanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruastanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualtanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukananne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruaksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruattanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rukansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukainsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruassaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruassansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruastaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruastansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualtaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rualtansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruakseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruaksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruattaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruattansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "nouns",
"cat2": "",
"g": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ruka",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ruka",
"name": "fi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "k",
"3": "",
"4": "a"
},
"name": "fi-decl-koira"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish koira-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian Finnish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "South Karelian Finnish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tavastian Finnish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Rukatunturi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dried, hardened resin"
],
"id": "en-ruka-fi-noun-npvLuaF2",
"links": [
[
"dried",
"dry"
],
[
"harden",
"harden"
],
[
"resin",
"resin"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kuivunut pihka"
},
{
"word": "kovettunut pihka"
}
],
"tags": [
"Tavastia",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrukɑ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrukɑ̝]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ukɑ"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*ruka",
"id": "resin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *ruka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ruka"
},
"expansion": "Finnish ruka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "Veps ruga",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *ruka. Cognates include Finnish ruka and Veps ruga.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "k- gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "3/koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rual",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukant",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ruka",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ru‧ka"
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "izh",
"name": "Gums and resins",
"orig": "izh:Gums and resins",
"parents": [
"Botany",
"Materials",
"Biology",
"Manufacturing",
"Sciences",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ruakas"
}
],
"glosses": [
"resin"
],
"id": "en-ruka-izh-noun--7yE-~kO",
"links": [
[
"resin",
"resin"
]
],
"qualifier": "hardened",
"raw_glosses": [
"(hardened) resin"
],
"related": [
{
"english": "liquid resin",
"word": "pihka"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrukɑ/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrukɑ]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrukɑ/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈruɡ̊ɑ]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ukɑ"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*ránkāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rucka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rukow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rukam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "rukami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f-in",
"dim": "rucka"
},
"expansion": "ruka f inan (diminutive rucka)",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "k"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-3"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rukajca"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lower Sorbian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "dsb",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "dsb:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hand"
],
"id": "en-ruka-dsb-noun-GwAXBqQY",
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"inanimate"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lower Sorbian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "dsb",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "dsb:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"arm"
],
"id": "en-ruka-dsb-noun-3ff~Xr2d",
"links": [
[
"arm",
"arm"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"inanimate"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈruka/"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "ruca"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: ruca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: ruca"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arn",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ruka",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mapudungun",
"lang_code": "arn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mapudungun entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Raguileo Mapudungun spellings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"house"
],
"id": "en-ruka-arn-noun-1uIShmIa",
"links": [
[
"house",
"house"
]
],
"tags": [
"Raguileo-Alphabet"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Arn-ruka.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a2/Arn-ruka.ogg/Arn-ruka.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Arn-ruka.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ruka"
},
"expansion": "Czech: ruka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: ruka"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*ránkāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rucě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rucě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rukám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rucě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rucě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rucě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "rukami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "ruka f",
"name": "zlw-ocs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"name": "zlw-ocs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Czech nouns with actual gender different from declined gender",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hand"
],
"id": "en-ruka-zlw-ocs-noun-GwAXBqQY",
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈruka/",
"note": "13ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈruka/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ruka",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kuruka",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-rutse",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruka"
},
"expansion": "-ruka (infinitive kuruka, perfective -rutse)",
"name": "rw-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Rwanda-Rundi",
"lang_code": "rw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Rwanda-Rundi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to vomit, to puke"
],
"id": "en-ruka-rw-verb-PuWaSJZJ",
"links": [
[
"vomit",
"vomit"
],
[
"puke",
"puke"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "poruka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ručètina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rùčica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rȕčka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rȕčnī"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rȕčnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rùkāv"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rukàvica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rȕkohvāt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rȕkoljūb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rȕkomēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rȕkopīs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rukopolágati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rȕkovati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rȕkovēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rukovòditi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "zȃruke"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*ránkāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rúka",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "ру́ка",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rúka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúkē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rȕkū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúkā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rùkū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rùkama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rúci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rùkama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúkōm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rùkama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"head": "rúka"
},
"expansion": "rúka f (Cyrillic spelling ру́ка)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ru‧ka"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rúka",
"10": "rȗke",
"11": "rúci",
"12": "rùkama",
"13": "rúkōm",
"14": "rùkama",
"2": "rȗke",
"3": "rúkē",
"4": "rȕkū / rúkā (colloquial) / rùkū",
"5": "rúci / rȗci",
"6": "rùkama",
"7": "rȗku",
"8": "rȗke",
"9": "rȗko"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hand",
"word": "šaka"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"arm"
],
"id": "en-ruka-sh-noun-3ff~Xr2d",
"links": [
[
"arm",
"arm"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "sh:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "hand in hand",
"text": "rukom u ruci",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hand"
],
"id": "en-ruka-sh-noun-GwAXBqQY",
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rǔːka/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "roka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "šaka"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "svm",
"2": "sh",
"3": "ruka"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian ruka",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Serbo-Croatian ruka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "svm-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "svm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "ruka f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruk",
"2": "f",
"3": "e",
"4": "b"
},
"name": "svm-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Slavomolisano",
"lang_code": "svm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slavomolisano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hand"
],
"id": "en-ruka-svm-noun-GwAXBqQY",
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rǔːkḁ/"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rúčka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ručička"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "záruka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "zručný"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*ránkāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruky",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúk",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žena",
"tags": [
"declension-pattern-of"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sk-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rúk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"decl": "žena",
"gen": "ruky",
"genpl": "rúk",
"pl": "ruky"
},
"expansion": "ruka f (genitive singular ruky, nominative plural ruky, genitive plural rúk, declension pattern of žena)",
"name": "sk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruka",
"10": "ruky",
"11": "rukách",
"12": "rukami",
"2": "ruky",
"3": "ruke",
"4": "ruku",
"5": "ruke",
"6": "rukou",
"7": "ruky",
"8": "rúk",
"9": "rukám"
},
"name": "sk-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 30 12 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sk",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "sk:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"arm (upper limb)"
],
"id": "en-ruka-sk-noun-8qMddaeP",
"links": [
[
"arm",
"arm"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rameno"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 49 27 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovak entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 30 12 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sk",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "sk:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hand (with opposable thumb)"
],
"id": "en-ruka-sk-noun-eMwVicGQ",
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovak terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "37 30 12 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sk",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "sk:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a wooden hand (artificial limb)",
"text": "drevená ruka",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a device similar to a hand or functioning as one"
],
"id": "en-ruka-sk-noun-gU8yFKjH",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 30 12 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sk",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "sk:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 19 8 67",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sk",
"name": "Writing",
"orig": "sk:Writing",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"handwriting"
],
"id": "en-ruka-sk-noun-ZosiAkwX",
"links": [
[
"handwriting",
"handwriting"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈruka]"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"applicative",
"verb"
],
"word": "-rukia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"causative",
"verb"
],
"word": "-rukisha"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"passive",
"verb"
],
"word": "-rukwa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"stative",
"verb"
],
"word": "-rukika"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ruka",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kuruka",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kuruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kutoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "huruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -liruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -kuruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ninaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "naruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tunaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "unaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mnaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "anaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wanaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -naruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "siruki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haturuki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "huruki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hamruki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haruki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hawaruki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -ruki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -taruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -taruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "niruke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "turuke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "uruke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mruke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "aruke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waruke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ruke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -siruke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngeruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singeruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngaliruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singaliruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "naruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mwaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "laruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "charuka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vyaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "paruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mwaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -meruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -mesharuka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"already-form"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -jaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"not-yet-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kiruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-when-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -siporuka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-not-form"
]
},
{
"form": "karuka / positive subject concord + -karuka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -karuke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-niruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-turuka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kuruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-waruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kurukeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-warukeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-waruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-iruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-liruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-yaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kiruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-viruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-iruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ziruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kuruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-paruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-muruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -ruka- + relative marker)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukaye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukacho",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukavyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukazo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukako",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukapo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukamo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -ruka)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yeruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-oruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-oruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-loruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-choruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-vyoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-zoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-oruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-koruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-poruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-moruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Swahili verbs for more information.",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ruka (infinitive kuruka)",
"name": "sw-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sw-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to jump"
],
"id": "en-ruka-sw-verb-63yvJ6TZ",
"links": [
[
"jump",
"jump"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to fly"
],
"id": "en-ruka-sw-verb-VbVz4JiY",
"links": [
[
"fly",
"fly"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to transgress"
],
"id": "en-ruka-sw-verb-2SBRxcrh",
"links": [
[
"transgress",
"transgress"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to denounce"
],
"id": "en-ruka-sw-verb-oaTr2kZS",
"links": [
[
"denounce",
"denounce"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 18 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
"sense": "Reciprocal",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "-rukana"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 7 93",
"english": "jumper",
"sense": "Nominal derivations",
"word": "mrukaji"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 7 93",
"english": "jumping",
"sense": "Nominal derivations",
"word": "urukaji"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to shrink clothes"
],
"id": "en-ruka-sw-verb-UiHyQFUm",
"links": [
[
"shrink",
"shrink"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-ruka.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4a/Sw-ke-ruka.flac/Sw-ke-ruka.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4a/Sw-ke-ruka.flac/Sw-ke-ruka.flac.ogg",
"tags": [
"Kenya"
],
"text": "Audio (Kenya)"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tft-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "toruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "foruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "miruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "noruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "iruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "moruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "iruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "yoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "iruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "iruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "yoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f1sc": "",
"f2sc": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "ruka",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ruka",
"name": "tft-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "tft-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Ternate",
"lang_code": "tft",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ternate entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to wrench"
],
"id": "en-ruka-tft-verb-oOb--o~p",
"links": [
[
"wrench",
"wrench"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɾu.ka/"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*ránkāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hsb-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rukow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukomaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rukam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukomaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "rukami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukomaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "ruka f",
"name": "hsb-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruka",
"10": "ruku",
"11": "ruce",
"12": "ruki",
"13": "ruku",
"14": "rukomaj",
"15": "rukami",
"16": "ruce",
"17": "rukomaj",
"18": "rukach",
"2": "ruce",
"3": "ruki",
"4": "ruki",
"5": "rukow",
"6": "rukow",
"7": "ruce",
"8": "rukomaj",
"9": "rukam"
},
"name": "hsb-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Upper Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Upper Sorbian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "hsb",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "hsb:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hand"
],
"id": "en-ruka-hsb-noun-GwAXBqQY",
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Estonian:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "ruga",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: (dialectal) ruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "Võro: ruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: ruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ruko"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: ruko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: ruko"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "ruhku",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Sami: ruhku",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Sami: ruhku"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "ruko"
},
"expansion": "Karelian: ruko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian: ruko"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "haycock"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrūgǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrūgǭ",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hrúga"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hrúga",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nBorrowed from Proto-Germanic *hrūgǭ (whence Icelandic hrúga).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rugan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruka"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ruka",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "71 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Proto-Finnic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"haycock"
],
"id": "en-ruka-urj-fin-pro-noun-SnRfPx69",
"links": [
[
"haycock",
"haycock"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*saatto"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ruka",
"q": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: (dialectal) ruka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: (dialectal) ruka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "ruka"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: ruka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: ruka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "ruka"
},
"expansion": "ruka",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "North Karelian: ruka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "ruga",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "South Karelian: ruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: ruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: ruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: ruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: ruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "Veps: ruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: ruga"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "resin"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nUnknown.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Finnic",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rugan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruka"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ruka",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hardened resin"
],
"id": "en-ruka-urj-fin-pro-noun-JSdiOKx8",
"links": [
[
"hardened",
"hardened"
],
[
"resin",
"resin"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "ruka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech ruka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "ruka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech ruka",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*ránkāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech ruka, from Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruční",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-decl-noun-dual",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ruko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"adj": "ruční"
},
"expansion": "ruka f (related adjective ruční)",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ru‧ka"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruka",
"10": "rukám",
"11": "ruce",
"12": "ruce",
"13": "rukách",
"14": "rukami",
"15": "ruce",
"16": "rukou",
"17": "rukám",
"18": "ruce",
"19": "ruce",
"2": "ruky",
"20": "rukou, rukách",
"21": "rukama",
"3": "ruce",
"4": "ruku",
"5": "ruko",
"6": "ruce",
"7": "rukou",
"8": "ruce",
"9": "ruk"
},
"name": "cs-decl-noun-dual"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "bezruký"
},
{
"word": "být ruka v rukávě"
},
{
"word": "doručit"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "příručka"
},
{
"word": "příruční"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ručička"
},
{
"word": "ručit"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ručka"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ručnice"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ručník"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rukavice"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rukáv"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rukojeť"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rukověť"
},
{
"word": "zaručit"
},
{
"word": "zručný"
},
{
"word": "žít z ruky do huby"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech feminine nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech nouns",
"Czech terms derived from Old Czech",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Old Czech",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Czech terms with audio links",
"Czech terms with collocations",
"Rhymes:Czech/uka",
"Rhymes:Czech/uka/2 syllables",
"cs:Body parts"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to draw free-hand",
"text": "kreslit od ruky",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to sketch free-hand",
"text": "črtat od ruky",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to hand something to someone",
"text": "dát do ruky",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hand"
],
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pařát"
},
{
"word": "pazour"
},
{
"word": "pracka"
},
{
"word": "tlapa"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈruka]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uka"
},
{
"audio": "Cs-ruka.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/Cs-ruka.ogg/Cs-ruka.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Cs-ruka.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "Rukatunturi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*ruka",
"id": "resin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *ruka",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *ruka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Karelia",
"tags": [
"South",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "Ingria",
"tags": [
"Tavastia"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "k-∅ gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "10*D/koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukien",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruasta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruaksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruatta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "k-∅ gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "10*D/koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rukani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukieni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruassani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruastani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualtani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruakseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruattani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rukasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruassasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruastasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualtasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruaksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruattasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rukamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruassamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruastamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualtamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruaksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruattamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukienne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukainne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukianne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruassanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruastanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualtanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukananne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruaksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruattanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rukansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukainsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruassaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruassansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruastaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruastansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukaansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukiinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualtaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rualtansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruallensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruakseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruaksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruattaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruattansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "nouns",
"cat2": "",
"g": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ruka",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ruka",
"name": "fi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "k",
"3": "",
"4": "a"
},
"name": "fi-decl-koira"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Finnish 2-syllable words",
"Finnish dialectal terms",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish koira-type nominals",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish nouns",
"Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ingrian Finnish",
"Rhymes:Finnish/ukɑ",
"Rhymes:Finnish/ukɑ/2 syllables",
"South Karelian Finnish",
"Tavastian Finnish"
],
"glosses": [
"dried, hardened resin"
],
"links": [
[
"dried",
"dry"
],
[
"harden",
"harden"
],
[
"resin",
"resin"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kuivunut pihka"
},
{
"word": "kovettunut pihka"
}
],
"tags": [
"Tavastia",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrukɑ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrukɑ̝]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ukɑ"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "ruakas"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*ruka",
"id": "resin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *ruka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ruka"
},
"expansion": "Finnish ruka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "Veps ruga",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *ruka. Cognates include Finnish ruka and Veps ruga.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "k- gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "3/koira",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rual",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rualt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukant",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ruka",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ru‧ka"
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "liquid resin",
"word": "pihka"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ingrian lemmas",
"Ingrian nouns",
"Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Ingrian/ukɑ",
"Rhymes:Ingrian/ukɑ/2 syllables",
"izh:Gums and resins"
],
"glosses": [
"resin"
],
"links": [
[
"resin",
"resin"
]
],
"qualifier": "hardened",
"raw_glosses": [
"(hardened) resin"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrukɑ/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrukɑ]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrukɑ/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈruɡ̊ɑ]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ukɑ"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"categories": [
"Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lower Sorbian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Lower Sorbian feminine nouns",
"Lower Sorbian inanimate nouns",
"Lower Sorbian lemmas",
"Lower Sorbian nouns",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"dsb:Body parts"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*ránkāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rucka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rukow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rukam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "rukami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f-in",
"dim": "rucka"
},
"expansion": "ruka f inan (diminutive rucka)",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "k"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-3"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rukajca"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hand"
],
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"inanimate"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"arm"
],
"links": [
[
"arm",
"arm"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"inanimate"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈruka/"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "ruca"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: ruca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: ruca"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arn",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ruka",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mapudungun",
"lang_code": "arn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mapudungun entries with incorrect language header",
"Mapudungun lemmas",
"Mapudungun nouns",
"Mapudungun terms with audio links",
"Raguileo Mapudungun spellings"
],
"glosses": [
"house"
],
"links": [
[
"house",
"house"
]
],
"tags": [
"Raguileo-Alphabet"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Arn-ruka.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a2/Arn-ruka.ogg/Arn-ruka.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Arn-ruka.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ruka"
},
"expansion": "Czech: ruka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: ruka"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*ránkāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rucě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rucě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rukám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rucě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rucě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rucě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "rukami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "ruka f",
"name": "zlw-ocs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"name": "zlw-ocs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Czech feminine nouns",
"Old Czech hard feminine a-stem nouns",
"Old Czech lemmas",
"Old Czech nouns",
"Old Czech nouns with actual gender different from declined gender",
"Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Czech terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Czech terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"hand"
],
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈruka/",
"note": "13ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈruka/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Proto-Finnic",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-Finnic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Estonian:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "ruga",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: (dialectal) ruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "Võro: ruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: ruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ruko"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: ruko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: ruko"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "ruhku",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Sami: ruhku",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Sami: ruhku"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "ruko"
},
"expansion": "Karelian: ruko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian: ruko"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "haycock"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrūgǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrūgǭ",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hrúga"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hrúga",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nBorrowed from Proto-Germanic *hrūgǭ (whence Icelandic hrúga).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rugan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruka"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ruka",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"haycock"
],
"links": [
[
"haycock",
"haycock"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*saatto"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Proto-Finnic",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ruka",
"q": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: (dialectal) ruka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: (dialectal) ruka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "ruka"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: ruka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: ruka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "ruka"
},
"expansion": "ruka",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "North Karelian: ruka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "ruga",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "South Karelian: ruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: ruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: ruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: ruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: ruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "Veps: ruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: ruga"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "resin"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nUnknown.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Finnic",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rugan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruka"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ruka",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hardened resin"
],
"links": [
[
"hardened",
"hardened"
],
[
"resin",
"resin"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ruka",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kuruka",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-rutse",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruka"
},
"expansion": "-ruka (infinitive kuruka, perfective -rutse)",
"name": "rw-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Rwanda-Rundi",
"lang_code": "rw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Rwanda-Rundi entries with incorrect language header",
"Rwanda-Rundi lemmas",
"Rwanda-Rundi verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to vomit, to puke"
],
"links": [
[
"vomit",
"vomit"
],
[
"puke",
"puke"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"sh:Body parts"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "poruka"
},
{
"word": "ručètina"
},
{
"word": "rùčica"
},
{
"word": "rȕčka"
},
{
"word": "rȕčnī"
},
{
"word": "rȕčnik"
},
{
"word": "rùkāv"
},
{
"word": "rukàvica"
},
{
"word": "rȕkohvāt"
},
{
"word": "rȕkoljūb"
},
{
"word": "rȕkomēt"
},
{
"word": "rȕkopīs"
},
{
"word": "rukopolágati"
},
{
"word": "rȕkovati"
},
{
"word": "rȕkovēt"
},
{
"word": "rukovòditi"
},
{
"word": "zȃruke"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*ránkāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rúka",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "ру́ка",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rúka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúkē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rȕkū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúkā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rùkū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rùkama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rȗke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rúci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rùkama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúkōm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rùkama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"head": "rúka"
},
"expansion": "rúka f (Cyrillic spelling ру́ка)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ru‧ka"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rúka",
"10": "rȗke",
"11": "rúci",
"12": "rùkama",
"13": "rúkōm",
"14": "rùkama",
"2": "rȗke",
"3": "rúkē",
"4": "rȕkū / rúkā (colloquial) / rùkū",
"5": "rúci / rȗci",
"6": "rùkama",
"7": "rȗku",
"8": "rȗke",
"9": "rȗko"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "hand",
"word": "šaka"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"arm"
],
"links": [
[
"arm",
"arm"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "hand in hand",
"text": "rukom u ruci",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hand"
],
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rǔːka/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "roka"
},
{
"word": "šaka"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "svm",
"2": "sh",
"3": "ruka"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian ruka",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Serbo-Croatian ruka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "svm-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "svm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "ruka f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruk",
"2": "f",
"3": "e",
"4": "b"
},
"name": "svm-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Slavomolisano",
"lang_code": "svm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Slavomolisano entries with incorrect language header",
"Slavomolisano feminine nouns",
"Slavomolisano lemmas",
"Slavomolisano nouns",
"Slavomolisano terms derived from Serbo-Croatian",
"Slavomolisano terms inherited from Serbo-Croatian",
"Slavomolisano terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"hand"
],
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rǔːkḁ/"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"categories": [
"Slovak entries with incorrect language header",
"Slovak feminine nouns",
"Slovak lemmas",
"Slovak nouns",
"Slovak terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Slovak terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Slovak terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Slovak terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Slovak terms with IPA pronunciation",
"sk:Body parts",
"sk:Writing"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rúčka"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ručička"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "záruka"
},
{
"word": "zručný"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*ránkāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruky",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúk",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žena",
"tags": [
"declension-pattern-of"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sk-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rúk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"decl": "žena",
"gen": "ruky",
"genpl": "rúk",
"pl": "ruky"
},
"expansion": "ruka f (genitive singular ruky, nominative plural ruky, genitive plural rúk, declension pattern of žena)",
"name": "sk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruka",
"10": "ruky",
"11": "rukách",
"12": "rukami",
"2": "ruky",
"3": "ruke",
"4": "ruku",
"5": "ruke",
"6": "rukou",
"7": "ruky",
"8": "rúk",
"9": "rukám"
},
"name": "sk-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"arm (upper limb)"
],
"links": [
[
"arm",
"arm"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rameno"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hand (with opposable thumb)"
],
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Slovak terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a wooden hand (artificial limb)",
"text": "drevená ruka",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a device similar to a hand or functioning as one"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"handwriting"
],
"links": [
[
"handwriting",
"handwriting"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈruka]"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"categories": [
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili terms with audio links",
"Swahili verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"applicative",
"verb"
],
"word": "-rukia"
},
{
"tags": [
"causative",
"verb"
],
"word": "-rukisha"
},
{
"tags": [
"passive",
"verb"
],
"word": "-rukwa"
},
{
"sense": "Reciprocal",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "-rukana"
},
{
"tags": [
"stative",
"verb"
],
"word": "-rukika"
},
{
"english": "jumper",
"sense": "Nominal derivations",
"word": "mrukaji"
},
{
"english": "jumping",
"sense": "Nominal derivations",
"word": "urukaji"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ruka",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kuruka",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kuruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kutoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "huruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -liruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -kuruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ninaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "naruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tunaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "unaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mnaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "anaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wanaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -naruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "siruki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haturuki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "huruki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hamruki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haruki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hawaruki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -ruki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -taruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -taruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "niruke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "turuke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "uruke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mruke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "aruke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waruke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ruke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -siruke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngeruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singeruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngaliruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singaliruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "naruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mwaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "laruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "charuka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vyaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "paruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mwaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -meruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -mesharuka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"already-form"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -jaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"not-yet-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kiruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-when-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -siporuka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-not-form"
]
},
{
"form": "karuka / positive subject concord + -karuka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -karuke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-niruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-turuka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kuruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-waruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kurukeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-warukeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-waruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-iruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-liruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-yaruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kiruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-viruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-iruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ziruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kuruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-paruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-muruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -ruka- + relative marker)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukaye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukacho",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukavyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukazo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukako",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukapo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-rukamo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -ruka)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yeruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-oruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-oruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-loruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-choruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-vyoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-zoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-oruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-koruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-poruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-moruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Swahili verbs for more information.",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ruka (infinitive kuruka)",
"name": "sw-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sw-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to jump"
],
"links": [
[
"jump",
"jump"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to fly"
],
"links": [
[
"fly",
"fly"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to transgress"
],
"links": [
[
"transgress",
"transgress"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to denounce"
],
"links": [
[
"denounce",
"denounce"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to shrink clothes"
],
"links": [
[
"shrink",
"shrink"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-ruka.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4a/Sw-ke-ruka.flac/Sw-ke-ruka.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4a/Sw-ke-ruka.flac/Sw-ke-ruka.flac.ogg",
"tags": [
"Kenya"
],
"text": "Audio (Kenya)"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tft-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "toruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "foruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "miruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "noruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "iruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "moruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "iruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "yoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "iruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "iruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "yoruka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f1sc": "",
"f2sc": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "ruka",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ruka",
"name": "tft-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "tft-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Ternate",
"lang_code": "tft",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ternate entries with incorrect language header",
"Ternate lemmas",
"Ternate terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ternate verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to wrench"
],
"links": [
[
"wrench",
"wrench"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɾu.ka/"
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*rǫka"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *rǫka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*ránkāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hsb-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rukow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukomaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rukam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukomaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "rukami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukomaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "ruka f",
"name": "hsb-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruka",
"10": "ruku",
"11": "ruce",
"12": "ruki",
"13": "ruku",
"14": "rukomaj",
"15": "rukami",
"16": "ruce",
"17": "rukomaj",
"18": "rukach",
"2": "ruce",
"3": "ruki",
"4": "ruki",
"5": "rukow",
"6": "rukow",
"7": "ruce",
"8": "rukomaj",
"9": "rukam"
},
"name": "hsb-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Upper Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"Upper Sorbian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Upper Sorbian feminine nouns",
"Upper Sorbian lemmas",
"Upper Sorbian nouns",
"Upper Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Upper Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Upper Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Upper Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"hsb:Body parts"
],
"glosses": [
"hand"
],
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "ruka"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Slavomolisano]; cleaned text: nominative",
"path": [
"ruka"
],
"section": "Slavomolisano",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ruka",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Slavomolisano]; cleaned text: genitive",
"path": [
"ruka"
],
"section": "Slavomolisano",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ruka",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Slavomolisano]; cleaned text: dative",
"path": [
"ruka"
],
"section": "Slavomolisano",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ruka",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Slavomolisano]; cleaned text: accusative",
"path": [
"ruka"
],
"section": "Slavomolisano",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ruka",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Slavomolisano]; cleaned text: locative",
"path": [
"ruka"
],
"section": "Slavomolisano",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ruka",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Slavomolisano]; cleaned text: instrumental",
"path": [
"ruka"
],
"section": "Slavomolisano",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ruka",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Swahili]; cleaned text: Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Swahili verbs for more information., style: background: #eff7ff; border: 1px solid #d0d0d0; text-align: center; line-height: 1.5em;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"ruka"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ruka",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.