See plume on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Apache plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nom-de-plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume alum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume grass"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume head"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume-holder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume holder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plumelike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume moth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume nutmeg"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume poppy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume tail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plumy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "prince's plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pull someone's plumes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Silver Plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Spanish plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "warrior's plume"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*plewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "plum"
},
"expansion": "Middle English plum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "plum"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman plum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "plume",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Old French plume f",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "plume",
"g": "f",
"t": "feather; pen, quill; pen nib; (figurative) writer"
},
"expansion": "French plume f (“feather; pen, quill; pen nib; (figurative) writer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūma",
"g": "f",
"t": "feather; plumage; down"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūma f (“feather; plumage; down”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "plūma",
"g": "f",
"t": "pen, quill"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin plūma f (“pen, quill”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*plouksmā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *plouksmā",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*plewk-",
"t": "to fly; to flow; to run; to flap with hands; to splash"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly; to flow; to run; to flap with hands; to splash”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pluma",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of pluma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English plum, plume (“feather; plumage”), from Anglo-Norman plum, plume f and Middle French, Old French plume f, plome (“plumage; down used for stuffing pillows, etc.; pen, quill”) (modern French plume f (“feather; pen, quill; pen nib; (figurative) writer”)), and directly from its etymon Latin plūma f (“feather; plumage; down”) (compare Late Latin plūma f (“pen, quill”)), from Proto-Italic *plouksmā, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly; to flow; to run; to flap with hands; to splash”).\nThe English word is a doublet of pluma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "plume (plural plumes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plumage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plumaged"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book III”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 650–654:",
"text": "Under a Coronet his flowing haire / In curles on either cheek plaid, wings he wore / Of many a colourd plume ſprinkl'd with Gold, / His habit fit for ſpeed ſuccinct, and held / Before his decent ſteps a Silver wand.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1764 December 24 (indicated as 1765), Onuphrio Muralto, translated by William Marshal [pseudonyms; Horace Walpole], chapter I, in The Castle of Otranto, […], London: […] Tho[mas] Lownds […], →OCLC, pages 4–5:",
"text": "The firſt thing that ſtruck Manfred’s eyes was a groupe of his ſervants endeavouring to raiſe ſomething that appeared to him a mountain of ſable plumes. […] [W]hat a ſight for a father’s eyes!—he beheld his child daſhed to pieces, and almoſt buried under an enormous helmet, an hundred times more large than any caſque ever made for human being, and ſhaded with a proportionable quantity of black feathers.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 August 4, Richard Conniff, “They may Look Goofy, but Ostriches are Nobody’s Fool”, in National Geographic, Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-10-09:",
"text": "[T]he most valuable cargo carried by the Titanic wasn't diamonds or gold but 12 cases of ostrich plumes valued at $2.3 million in today's money.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1845 February, — Quarles [pseudonym; Edgar Allan Poe], “The Raven”, in The American Review, volume I, number II, New York, N.Y., London: Wiley & Putnam, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Leave no black plume as a token of that lie thy soul hath spoken!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-WQOHkyFz",
"links": [
[
"feather",
"feather#Noun"
],
[
"bird",
"bird#Noun"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"showy",
"showy"
],
[
"used",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"decoration",
"decoration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary and poetic) A feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"poetic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pero",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "перо"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "pluim"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "veder"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "veer"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "höyhen"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "sulka"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluma"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "prta",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "ფრთა"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Feder"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "פלומה"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "piuma"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "ödn",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "өдн"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plūma"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "péro",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "пе́ро"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pérduv",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пе́рдув"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "puhi"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "raukura"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "شاه پر"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluma"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fulg"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pană"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "peró",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "перо́"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "пе̑рје"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "pȇrje"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "penacho"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "copete"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plym"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fjäder"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 2 1 8 8 5 4 4 10 17 4 4 4",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "plüm"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1701 (date written), John Dryden, “The Last Parting of Hector and Andromache. From the Sixth Book of the Iliad.”, in The Miscellaneous Works of John Dryden, […], volume IV, London: […] J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, […], published 1760, →OCLC, page 455:",
"text": "The fearful infant turn'd his head away, / And on his nurſe's neck reclining lay, / His unknown father ſhunning with affright, / And looking back on ſo uncouth a ſight; / Daunted to ſee a face with ſteel o'er-ſpread, / And his high plume that nodded o'er his head.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A cluster of feathers worn as an ornament, especially on a helmet; a hackle."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-NdKi08CP",
"links": [
[
"cluster",
"cluster"
],
[
"worn",
"wear#Verb"
],
[
"ornament",
"ornament"
],
[
"helmet",
"helmet"
],
[
"hackle",
"hackle#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary and poetic) A cluster of feathers worn as an ornament, especially on a helmet; a hackle."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"poetic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "egreta",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "егрета"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "plumeau"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "stoffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "töyhtö"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plumet"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Federbusch"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Federschmuck"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hutfeder"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cimiero"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pennacchio"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mănunchi de pene"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pămătuf (de pene)"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pljumáž",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плюма́ж"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sultán",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "султа́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "penacho"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plumero"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plym"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "plümäd"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 55 1 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 6 6 3",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "lehätaplümäd"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book VI”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 159–162:",
"text": "But well thou comſt / Before thy fellows, ambitious to win / From me ſom Plume, that thy ſucceſs may ſhow / Deſtruction to the reſt: [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A token of honour or prowess; that on which one prides oneself; a prize or reward."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-qLwxyTeB",
"links": [
[
"token",
"token#Noun"
],
[
"honour",
"honour#Noun"
],
[
"prowess",
"prowess"
],
[
"prides",
"pride#Verb"
],
[
"prize",
"prize#Noun"
],
[
"reward",
"reward#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) A token of honour or prowess; that on which one prides oneself; a prize or reward."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feather in one's cap"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 92 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "token of honour or prowess; that on which one prides oneself; a prize or reward",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Auszeichnung"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 11 14 7 4 5 7 14 6 5 4 1 1 7 1 4 1 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The vane (“flattened, web-like part”) of a feather, especially when on a quill pen or the fletching of an arrow."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-fhHwHx6U",
"links": [
[
"vane",
"vane#English"
],
[
"flattened",
"flattened#Adjective"
],
[
"web-like",
"weblike"
],
[
"part",
"part#Noun"
],
[
"quill pen",
"quill pen"
],
[
"fletching",
"fletching#Noun"
],
[
"arrow",
"arrow#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a small, slender moth of the family Pterophoridae",
"word": "plume moth"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 11 14 7 4 5 7 14 6 5 4 1 1 7 1 4 1 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 9 11 6 3 3 5 12 4 3 3 1 1 6 1 2 1 6 0 2 7 0 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 9 12 6 3 4 5 12 4 4 3 1 1 6 1 2 1 6 0 1 7 0 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for plume moth (“a small, slender moth of the family Pterophoridae”)."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-Cc-uf7KG",
"links": [
[
"plume moth",
"plume moth#English"
],
[
"small",
"small#Adjective"
],
[
"slender",
"slender"
],
[
"moth",
"moth"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"Pterophoridae",
"Pterophoridae#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "After the explosion, a plume of smoke could be seen in the sky for miles around.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The pollutant creates a contaminant plume within an aquifer.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-bSBE3d~B",
"links": [
[
"cloud",
"cloud#Noun"
],
[
"formed",
"form#Verb"
],
[
"dispersed",
"dispersed#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"fanning out",
"fan out"
],
[
"spreading",
"spread#Verb"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "juova"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "patsas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "vana"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "viuhka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nuage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Abluftfahne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Abwasserfahne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-fahne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rauchfahne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rauchwolke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schadstofffahne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Staubwolke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-wolke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pennacchio"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sbuffo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "puhanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "columna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nubarrón"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 6 7 61 2 3 4 8 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nube"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"An upward spray of mist or water."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-rUZ5xD2Q",
"links": [
[
"upward",
"upward"
],
[
"spray",
"spray#Noun"
],
[
"mist",
"mist#Noun"
],
[
"water",
"water#Noun"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 2 1 3 84 1 1 2 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"word": "suihku"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 2 1 3 84 1 1 2 1 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 2 1 3 84 1 1 2 1 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nuage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 2 1 3 84 1 1 2 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pennacchio"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 2 1 3 84 1 1 2 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sbuffo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 2 1 3 84 1 1 2 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schizzo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 2 1 3 84 1 1 2 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zaffata"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "en:Astronomy",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Space",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"An arc of glowing material (chiefly gases) erupting from the surface of a star."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-edSOyWRf",
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"arc",
"arc#Noun"
],
[
"glowing",
"glowing#Adjective"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"gases",
"gas#Noun"
],
[
"erupt",
"erupt"
],
[
"surface",
"surface#Noun"
],
[
"star",
"star#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(astronomy) An arc of glowing material (chiefly gases) erupting from the surface of a star."
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 7 7 6 2 47 4 14 4 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "arc of glowing material erupting from the surface of a star",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 7 7 6 2 47 4 14 4 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "arc of glowing material erupting from the surface of a star",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brillamento"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 7 7 6 2 47 4 14 4 3 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "arc of glowing material erupting from the surface of a star",
"word": "puhanga"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A large and flexible panicle of an inflorescence resembling a feather, such as is seen in certain large ornamental grasses."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-HkWgJGTh",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"flexible",
"flexible"
],
[
"panicle",
"panicle"
],
[
"inflorescence",
"inflorescence"
],
[
"resembling",
"resemble"
],
[
"ornamental",
"ornamental#Adjective"
],
[
"grasses",
"grass#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(botany) A large and flexible panicle of an inflorescence resembling a feather, such as is seen in certain large ornamental grasses."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 0 7 10 4 2 3 42 18 4 4 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "large and flexible panicle of an inflorescence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plumet"
}
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "an upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere",
"word": "mantle plume"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "en:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 11 14 7 4 5 7 14 6 5 4 1 1 7 1 4 1 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
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},
{
"_dis": "1 2 2 12 13 9 5 5 11 23 8 5 5",
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"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 1 14 12 9 5 5 10 25 7 5 5",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 2 11 13 8 5 5 9 27 6 5 5",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 11 13 8 5 5 10 28 6 5 5",
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"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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},
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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},
{
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{
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],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"Short for mantle plume (“an upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere”)."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-jKn5l3HB",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"mantle plume",
"mantle plume#English"
],
[
"upwelling",
"upwelling"
],
[
"abnormally",
"abnormally"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
],
[
"molten",
"molten"
],
[
"Earth",
"Earth"
],
[
"mantle",
"mantle#Noun"
],
[
"spreads",
"spread#Verb"
],
[
"sideways",
"sideways"
],
[
"reaches",
"reach#Verb"
],
[
"lithosphere",
"lithosphere"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(geology) Short for mantle plume (“an upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere”)."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 7 18 5 2 4 7 44 5 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"word": "pluumi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 7 18 5 2 4 7 44 5 4 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 7 18 5 2 4 7 44 5 4 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 7 18 5 2 4 7 44 5 4 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluma"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "en:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A body part resembling a feather.",
"The furry tail of certain dog breeds (such as the Samoyed) that curls over their backs or stands erect."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-23peEHS7",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"body part",
"body part"
],
[
"furry",
"furry#Adjective"
],
[
"tail",
"tail#Noun"
],
[
"dog",
"dog#Noun"
],
[
"breeds",
"breed#Noun"
],
[
"Samoyed",
"Samoyed"
],
[
"curls",
"curl#Verb"
],
[
"backs",
"back#Noun"
],
[
"stands",
"stand#Verb"
],
[
"erect",
"erect#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(zoology) A body part resembling a feather.",
"The furry tail of certain dog breeds (such as the Samoyed) that curls over their backs or stands erect."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 3 3 2 1 2 12 4 58 9 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "furry tail of certain dog breeds",
"word": "kiehkura"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 3 3 2 1 2 12 4 58 9 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "furry tail of certain dog breeds",
"word": "pörröhäntä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 3 3 2 1 2 12 4 58 9 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "furry tail of certain dog breeds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "en:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A body part resembling a feather.",
"More fully gill plume: a feathery gill of some crustaceans and molluscs."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-Mu1P1jYW",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"body part",
"body part"
],
[
"feathery",
"feathery"
],
[
"gill",
"gill#Noun"
],
[
"crustacean",
"crustacean"
],
[
"mollusc",
"mollusc"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(zoology) A body part resembling a feather.",
"More fully gill plume: a feathery gill of some crustaceans and molluscs."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 9 11 6 4 4 6 11 4 39 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "feathery gill of some crustaceans and molluscs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, BioWare, Mass Effect: Andromeda (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Elaaden Codex entry:",
"text": "Tidal gravitational effects cause plumes of sodium silicate to erupt from Elaaden's core, depositing unusually pure silicon sand across the surface—invaluable for manufacturing high-performance computer hardware.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-5GgWshcr"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpluːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpljuːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈplum/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-plume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg/En-us-plume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "plumed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unplume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "unplumed"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "plumer",
"t": "to cover with or provide with feathers"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman plumer (“to cover with or provide with feathers”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūmāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūmāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "plūmō",
"t": "to attach feathers to arrows; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey; (figurative) to celebrate, praise"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin plūmō (“to attach feathers to arrows; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey; (figurative) to celebrate, praise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjugation"
},
"expansion": "conjugation",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "plumen",
"t": "to remove the feathers from a bird; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers or the head from prey"
},
"expansion": "Middle English plumen (“to remove the feathers from a bird; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers or the head from prey”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pleume, plewme, plomme, plume",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "plumer",
"t": "to remove the feathers from a bird; to pull out (hairs, especially from a moustache); to rob"
},
"expansion": "Middle French plumer (“to remove the feathers from a bird; to pull out (hairs, especially from a moustache); to rob”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sense 1 (“to adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes”) is derived from Anglo-Norman plumer (“to cover with or provide with feathers”), or its etymon Latin plūmāre, the present active infinitive of plūmō (“to grow feathers, to fledge; to cover with feathers, to feather; to embroider with a feathery pattern”) (and compare Late Latin plūmō (“to attach feathers to arrows; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey; (figurative) to celebrate, praise”)), from plūma (“feather; plumage; down”) (see etymology 1) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).\nSenses 2–4 (“to arrange and preen the feathers of; to congratulate (oneself) proudly; to strip of feathers”) are from Late Middle English plumen (“to remove the feathers from a bird; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers or the head from prey”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman and Middle French plumer (“to remove the feathers from a bird; to pull out (hairs, especially from a moustache); to rob”), from plūma (see etymology 1).\nSense 5 (“to fan out or spread in a cloud”) is derived from plume (noun).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plumes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pluming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "plumed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "plumed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "plume",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "plume (third-person singular simple present plumes, present participle pluming, simple past and past participle plumed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"stem": "plum"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes, or as if with feathers or plumes."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-verb-2G~OM8sv",
"links": [
[
"adorn",
"adorn"
],
[
"cover",
"cover#Verb"
],
[
"furnish",
"furnish#Verb"
],
[
"feathers",
"feather#Noun"
],
[
"plumes",
"plume#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, also figurative) To adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes, or as if with feathers or plumes."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feather"
},
{
"word": "fledge"
}
],
"tags": [
"also",
"figuratively",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "88 2 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes, or as if with feathers or plumes",
"word": "emplumar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1822 May 21, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], “Hawking”, in Bracebridge Hall, or The Humourists. A Medley. […], volume I, New York, N.Y.: […] C. S. Van Winkle, […], →OCLC, page 185:",
"text": "I make no doubt she has made the best of her way back to the hospitable hall of Sir Watkyn Williams Wynne; and may very possibly be pluming her wings, at this present writing, among the breezy bowers of Wynnstay.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1854 January, J. D. Bell, “Lines. Inscribed to My Mother.”, in D[avis] W[asgatt] Clark, editor, The Ladies’ Repository: A Monthly Periodical, Devoted to Literature and Religion, volume XIV, Cincinnati, Oh.: L. Swormstedt and A. Poe; […], →OCLC, page 38, column 2:",
"text": "I bless thee that thy angel-presence still infolds me here! / Forgive me, ere thy spirit plumest for the heavenly sphere.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1870 September, J. C. H., “The Story of Ruth. A Modern Version.”, in Dublin University Magazine, a Literary and Political Journal, volume LXXVI, number CCCCLIII, Dublin: George Herbert, […]; London: Hurst and Blackett, →OCLC, page 290, column 1:",
"text": "[...] Ruth resembled the dove that plumeth its wings in readiness to fly away and be at rest, in the ark of everlasting peace and joy.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "[1873], L[aura] L[ouisa] McL[auchlan] B[ackler], “Love and the Maiden”, in Light and Shadow, London: S. W. Partridge and Co., […], →OCLC, page 37:",
"text": "Victor Love—His far dominion / Owneth with proud glance, / See, he plumeth now his pinion, / Wakeneth from his trance; [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly of a bird: to arrange and preen the feathers of, specifically in preparation for flight; hence (figurative), to prepare for (something)."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-verb-GRMx07CM",
"links": [
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"arrange",
"arrange"
],
[
"preen",
"preen"
],
[
"preparation",
"preparation"
],
[
"flight",
"flight"
],
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, reflexive) Chiefly of a bird: to arrange and preen the feathers of, specifically in preparation for flight; hence (figurative), to prepare for (something)."
],
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 61 4 7 9 7 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to arrange and preen the feathers of",
"word": "sukia"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 61 4 7 9 7 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čístitʹ pjóryški",
"sense": "to arrange and preen the feathers of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чи́стить пёрышки"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He plumes himself on his skill.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London:",
"text": "pride and plume himself in his Deformities",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1749, Henry Fielding, “The Adventure of a Company of Officers”, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume III, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book VII, page 102:",
"text": "We mention this Obſervation, not with any View of pretending to account for ſo odd a Behaviour, but lest ſome Critic should hereafter plume himſelf on diſcovering it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1843 December 19, Charles Dickens, “Stave Three. The Second of the Three Spirits.”, in A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of Christmas, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, page 75:",
"text": "Gentlemen of the free-and-easy sort, who plume themselves on being acquainted with a move or two, and being usually equal to the time-of-day, express the wide range of their capacity for adventure by observing that they are good for anything from pitch-and-toss to manslaughter; between which opposite extremes, no doubt, there lies a tolerably wide and comprehensive range of subjects.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1853 November–December, Herman Melville, “Bartleby”, in Billy Budd and Other Stories, London: John Lehmann, published 1951, →OCLC, page 37:",
"text": "I could not but highly plume myself on my masterly management in getting rid of Bartleby.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1856, Homer, “Book XVIII”, in F[rancis] W[illiam] Newman, transl., The Iliad of Homer: Faithfully Translated into Unrhymed English Meter, London: Walton and Maberly, […], →OCLC, page 322, lines 130–133:",
"text": "But now thy armour beauteous, / all brass-belaid and sparkling, / Among the Troïans is held: / for motley-helmed Hector / Across his shoulders bearing it / plumeth himself; nor deem I / Long shall he vaunt it; sith alsó / on him o'erhangeth slaughter.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1883, Howard Pyle, “How Sir Richard of the Lea Paid His Debts to Emmet”, in The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood […], New York, N.Y.: […] Charles Scribner’s Sons […], →OCLC, part fifth, page 180:",
"text": "Meanwhile the young stranger had made his way through the crowd, but, as he passed, he heard all around him such words muttered as, \"Look at the cockeril!\" \"Behold how he plumeth himself!\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1929, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Disintegration Machine:",
"text": "Challenger plumed himself like some unwieldy bird under the influence of flattery.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To congratulate (oneself) proudly, especially concerning something unimportant or when taking credit for another person's effort; to self-congratulate."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-verb-92Mupb6z",
"links": [
[
"congratulate",
"congratulate"
],
[
"proudly",
"proudly"
],
[
"unimportant",
"unimportant"
],
[
"taking",
"take#Verb"
],
[
"credit",
"credit#Noun"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
],
[
"self-congratulate",
"self-congratulate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, reflexive, by extension) To congratulate (oneself) proudly, especially concerning something unimportant or when taking credit for another person's effort; to self-congratulate."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"reflexive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 66 9 5 1 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to congratulate (oneself) proudly — see also self-congratulate",
"word": "rehvastella"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 66 9 5 1 15",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to congratulate (oneself) proudly — see also self-congratulate",
"word": "emplumar-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 66 9 5 1 15",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xvalítʹsja",
"sense": "to congratulate (oneself) proudly — see also self-congratulate",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "хвали́ться"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"To peel, to strip completely; to pillage; also, to deprive of power."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-verb-oEWX5jzO",
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip#Verb"
],
[
"pluck",
"pluck#Verb"
],
[
"peel",
"peel#Verb"
],
[
"completely",
"completely"
],
[
"pillage",
"pillage#Verb"
],
[
"deprive",
"deprive"
],
[
"power",
"power#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"(by extension) To peel, to strip completely; to pillage; also, to deprive of power."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unplume"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"broadly",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Falconry",
"orig": "en:Falconry",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1793, Samuel Johnson, George Steevens, “King Henry IV. Part I.”, in William Shakespeare, The Plays of William Shakespeare: […], volume VIII, London: […] T[homas] Longman, […], →OCLC, act I, scene i, page 366, footnote 3:",
"text": "The hauke proineth when ſhe fetcheth oyle with her beake over the taile, and anointeth her feet and her fethers. She plumeth when ſhe pulleth fethers of anie foule and caſteth them from her.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"Of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-verb-X6Lj3x08",
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip#Verb"
],
[
"pluck",
"pluck#Verb"
],
[
"falconry",
"falconry"
],
[
"hawk",
"hawk#Noun"
],
[
"prey",
"prey#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"(falconry, obsolete) Of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unplume"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"falconry",
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1622, Francis, Lord Verulam, Viscount St. Alban [i.e. Francis Bacon], The Historie of the Raigne of King Henry the Seventh, […], London: […] W[illiam] Stansby for Matthew Lownes, and William Barret, →OCLC:",
"text": "the king cared not to plume his nobility",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1723, Elijah Fenton, Mariamne:",
"text": "They wou'd have plum'd his eagles on the field",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-verb-bz04aTZO",
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip#Verb"
],
[
"pluck",
"pluck#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unplume"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Smoke plumed from his pipe, then slowly settled towards the floor.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a dispersed substance such as dust or smoke: to fan out or spread in a cloud."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-verb-M71N~j6L",
"links": [
[
"dispersed",
"dispersed#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"dust",
"dust#Noun"
],
[
"smoke",
"smoke#Noun"
],
[
"fan out",
"fan out"
],
[
"spread",
"spread#Verb"
],
[
"cloud",
"cloud#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) Of a dispersed substance such as dust or smoke: to fan out or spread in a cloud."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 16 2 5 2 70",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to fan out or spread in a cloud",
"word": "tupruta"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpluːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpljuːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈplum/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-plume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg/En-us-plume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "la plume est plus forte que l’épée"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nom de plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "plumard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "plumer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "prendre sa plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "y laisser des plumes"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plume"
},
"expansion": "English: plume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: plume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rad",
"2": "plim"
},
"expansion": "Rade: plim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rade: plim"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "plym",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: plym",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: plym"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "plume",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French plume f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "plume",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French plume f",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūma",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūma f",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French plume f, from Latin plūma f.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "plume f (plural plumes)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"feather"
],
"id": "en-plume-fr-noun-tSEV6lU8",
"links": [
[
"feather",
"feather"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 15 35 1 32 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 48 36 1 8 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Writing instruments",
"orig": "fr:Writing instruments",
"parents": [
"Stationery",
"Tools",
"Writing",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Communication",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"quill"
],
"id": "en-plume-fr-noun-xZJPrpNW",
"links": [
[
"quill",
"quill"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 15 35 1 32 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nib, the writing end of a fountain pen or a dip pen"
],
"id": "en-plume-fr-noun-diapBzAQ",
"links": [
[
"nib",
"nib"
],
[
"fountain pen",
"fountain pen"
],
[
"dip pen",
"dip pen"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"writer, penman"
],
"id": "en-plume-fr-noun-O0Uy~lql",
"links": [
[
"writer",
"writer"
],
[
"penman",
"penman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) writer, penman"
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plym/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-plume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Fr-plume.ogg/Fr-plume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Fr-plume.ogg"
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "plume",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French plume f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "plume",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French plume f",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūma",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūma f",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French plume f, from Latin plūma f.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "plume",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 15 35 1 32 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "plumer"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of plumer:",
"first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-plume-fr-verb-QuAP~vFm",
"links": [
[
"plumer",
"plumer#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 15 35 1 32 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "plumer"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of plumer:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-plume-fr-verb-EZhdlOXL",
"links": [
[
"plumer",
"plumer#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plym/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-plume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Fr-plume.ogg/Fr-plume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Fr-plume.ogg"
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūma"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūma",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin plūma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plumis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"10": "{{{3}}}s",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{2}}}",
"5": "plural",
"6": "plumis",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "plume f (plural plumis)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"pl": "plumis"
},
"expansion": "plume f (plural plumis)",
"name": "fur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Friulian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plume, feather"
],
"id": "en-plume-fur-noun-gtZ4Pea8",
"links": [
[
"plume",
"plume#English"
],
[
"feather",
"feather"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pene"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "plomme"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: plomme, ploume, plum, plumbe, plumme, plowme, ploumme, plome\nEnglish: plum (see there for further descendants)\nScots: ploom, ploum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: plomme, ploume, plum, plumbe, plumme, plowme, ploumme, plome\nEnglish: plum (see there for further descendants)\nScots: ploom, ploum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "pluma",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: pluma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: pluma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ine-ana"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*plūmā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *plūmā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "la",
"3": "prūnum"
},
"expansion": "Latin prūnum",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *plūmā, from Latin prūnum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plūme",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-n-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "plūme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "plūman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "plūman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "plūman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "plūman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "plūmena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "plūman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "plūmum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "plūme",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "plūme f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"head": "plūme"
},
"expansion": "plūme f",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "plūm"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-n-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "plūme",
"2": "plūman",
"3": "plūman",
"4": "plūman",
"5": "plūman",
"6": "plūmena",
"7": "plūman",
"8": "plūmum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "weak"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "plūmsēaw"
},
{
"word": "plūmtrēow"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plum"
],
"id": "en-plume-ang-noun-BGclVpUI",
"links": [
[
"plum",
"plum"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "plȳme"
},
{
"english": "early",
"word": "plūmae"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpluː.me/"
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "plume",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: plume f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: plume f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "plume",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "French: plume f\nEnglish: plume\nRade: plim\n→ Swedish: plym",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "French: plume f\nEnglish: plume\nRade: plim\n→ Swedish: plym"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "plieunme",
"3": "plleume",
"g1": "f",
"g2": "f",
"qq1": "Jersey",
"qq2": "Guernsey"
},
"expansion": "Norman: plieunme f (Jersey), plleume f (Guernsey)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: plieunme f (Jersey), plleume f (Guernsey)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "plome",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: plome f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: plome f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "plume",
"3": "plume",
"bor": "1",
"qq": "via Insular French & Middle French"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: plume, plume (via Insular French & Middle French)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: plume, plume (via Insular French & Middle French)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plume"
},
"expansion": "English: plume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: plume"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūma"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūma",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin plūma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plume oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "plumes",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "plume",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "plumes",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "plume oblique singular, f (oblique plural plumes, nominative singular plume, nominative plural plumes)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feather; plume"
],
"id": "en-plume-fro-noun-n10UYA2d",
"links": [
[
"feather",
"feather"
],
[
"plume",
"plume#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"categories": [
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *plewk-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uːm",
"Rhymes:English/uːm/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Kalmyk translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Apache plume"
},
{
"word": "nom-de-plume"
},
{
"word": "plume alum"
},
{
"word": "plume grass"
},
{
"word": "plume head"
},
{
"word": "plume-holder"
},
{
"word": "plume holder"
},
{
"word": "plumelike"
},
{
"word": "plume moth"
},
{
"word": "plume nutmeg"
},
{
"word": "plume poppy"
},
{
"word": "plume tail"
},
{
"word": "plumy"
},
{
"word": "prince's plume"
},
{
"word": "pull someone's plumes"
},
{
"word": "Silver Plume"
},
{
"word": "Spanish plume"
},
{
"word": "warrior's plume"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*plewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "plum"
},
"expansion": "Middle English plum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "plum"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman plum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "plume",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Old French plume f",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "plume",
"g": "f",
"t": "feather; pen, quill; pen nib; (figurative) writer"
},
"expansion": "French plume f (“feather; pen, quill; pen nib; (figurative) writer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūma",
"g": "f",
"t": "feather; plumage; down"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūma f (“feather; plumage; down”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "plūma",
"g": "f",
"t": "pen, quill"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin plūma f (“pen, quill”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*plouksmā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *plouksmā",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*plewk-",
"t": "to fly; to flow; to run; to flap with hands; to splash"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly; to flow; to run; to flap with hands; to splash”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pluma",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of pluma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English plum, plume (“feather; plumage”), from Anglo-Norman plum, plume f and Middle French, Old French plume f, plome (“plumage; down used for stuffing pillows, etc.; pen, quill”) (modern French plume f (“feather; pen, quill; pen nib; (figurative) writer”)), and directly from its etymon Latin plūma f (“feather; plumage; down”) (compare Late Latin plūma f (“pen, quill”)), from Proto-Italic *plouksmā, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly; to flow; to run; to flap with hands; to splash”).\nThe English word is a doublet of pluma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "plume (plural plumes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "plumage"
},
{
"word": "plumaged"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book III”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 650–654:",
"text": "Under a Coronet his flowing haire / In curles on either cheek plaid, wings he wore / Of many a colourd plume ſprinkl'd with Gold, / His habit fit for ſpeed ſuccinct, and held / Before his decent ſteps a Silver wand.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1764 December 24 (indicated as 1765), Onuphrio Muralto, translated by William Marshal [pseudonyms; Horace Walpole], chapter I, in The Castle of Otranto, […], London: […] Tho[mas] Lownds […], →OCLC, pages 4–5:",
"text": "The firſt thing that ſtruck Manfred’s eyes was a groupe of his ſervants endeavouring to raiſe ſomething that appeared to him a mountain of ſable plumes. […] [W]hat a ſight for a father’s eyes!—he beheld his child daſhed to pieces, and almoſt buried under an enormous helmet, an hundred times more large than any caſque ever made for human being, and ſhaded with a proportionable quantity of black feathers.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 August 4, Richard Conniff, “They may Look Goofy, but Ostriches are Nobody’s Fool”, in National Geographic, Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-10-09:",
"text": "[T]he most valuable cargo carried by the Titanic wasn't diamonds or gold but 12 cases of ostrich plumes valued at $2.3 million in today's money.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1845 February, — Quarles [pseudonym; Edgar Allan Poe], “The Raven”, in The American Review, volume I, number II, New York, N.Y., London: Wiley & Putnam, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Leave no black plume as a token of that lie thy soul hath spoken!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration."
],
"links": [
[
"feather",
"feather#Noun"
],
[
"bird",
"bird#Noun"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"showy",
"showy"
],
[
"used",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"decoration",
"decoration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary and poetic) A feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1701 (date written), John Dryden, “The Last Parting of Hector and Andromache. From the Sixth Book of the Iliad.”, in The Miscellaneous Works of John Dryden, […], volume IV, London: […] J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, […], published 1760, →OCLC, page 455:",
"text": "The fearful infant turn'd his head away, / And on his nurſe's neck reclining lay, / His unknown father ſhunning with affright, / And looking back on ſo uncouth a ſight; / Daunted to ſee a face with ſteel o'er-ſpread, / And his high plume that nodded o'er his head.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A cluster of feathers worn as an ornament, especially on a helmet; a hackle."
],
"links": [
[
"cluster",
"cluster"
],
[
"worn",
"wear#Verb"
],
[
"ornament",
"ornament"
],
[
"helmet",
"helmet"
],
[
"hackle",
"hackle#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary and poetic) A cluster of feathers worn as an ornament, especially on a helmet; a hackle."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book VI”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 159–162:",
"text": "But well thou comſt / Before thy fellows, ambitious to win / From me ſom Plume, that thy ſucceſs may ſhow / Deſtruction to the reſt: [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A token of honour or prowess; that on which one prides oneself; a prize or reward."
],
"links": [
[
"token",
"token#Noun"
],
[
"honour",
"honour#Noun"
],
[
"prowess",
"prowess"
],
[
"prides",
"pride#Verb"
],
[
"prize",
"prize#Noun"
],
[
"reward",
"reward#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) A token of honour or prowess; that on which one prides oneself; a prize or reward."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feather in one's cap"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The vane (“flattened, web-like part”) of a feather, especially when on a quill pen or the fletching of an arrow."
],
"links": [
[
"vane",
"vane#English"
],
[
"flattened",
"flattened#Adjective"
],
[
"web-like",
"weblike"
],
[
"part",
"part#Noun"
],
[
"quill pen",
"quill pen"
],
[
"fletching",
"fletching#Noun"
],
[
"arrow",
"arrow#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a small, slender moth of the family Pterophoridae",
"word": "plume moth"
}
],
"categories": [
"English short forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Short for plume moth (“a small, slender moth of the family Pterophoridae”)."
],
"links": [
[
"plume moth",
"plume moth#English"
],
[
"small",
"small#Adjective"
],
[
"slender",
"slender"
],
[
"moth",
"moth"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"Pterophoridae",
"Pterophoridae#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "After the explosion, a plume of smoke could be seen in the sky for miles around.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The pollutant creates a contaminant plume within an aquifer.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading."
],
"links": [
[
"cloud",
"cloud#Noun"
],
[
"formed",
"form#Verb"
],
[
"dispersed",
"dispersed#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"fanning out",
"fan out"
],
[
"spreading",
"spread#Verb"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"An upward spray of mist or water."
],
"links": [
[
"upward",
"upward"
],
[
"spray",
"spray#Noun"
],
[
"mist",
"mist#Noun"
],
[
"water",
"water#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Astronomy"
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"An arc of glowing material (chiefly gases) erupting from the surface of a star."
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"arc",
"arc#Noun"
],
[
"glowing",
"glowing#Adjective"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"gases",
"gas#Noun"
],
[
"erupt",
"erupt"
],
[
"surface",
"surface#Noun"
],
[
"star",
"star#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(astronomy) An arc of glowing material (chiefly gases) erupting from the surface of a star."
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A large and flexible panicle of an inflorescence resembling a feather, such as is seen in certain large ornamental grasses."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"flexible",
"flexible"
],
[
"panicle",
"panicle"
],
[
"inflorescence",
"inflorescence"
],
[
"resembling",
"resemble"
],
[
"ornamental",
"ornamental#Adjective"
],
[
"grasses",
"grass#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(botany) A large and flexible panicle of an inflorescence resembling a feather, such as is seen in certain large ornamental grasses."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "an upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere",
"word": "mantle plume"
}
],
"categories": [
"English short forms",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"Short for mantle plume (“an upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere”)."
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"mantle plume",
"mantle plume#English"
],
[
"upwelling",
"upwelling"
],
[
"abnormally",
"abnormally"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
],
[
"molten",
"molten"
],
[
"Earth",
"Earth"
],
[
"mantle",
"mantle#Noun"
],
[
"spreads",
"spread#Verb"
],
[
"sideways",
"sideways"
],
[
"reaches",
"reach#Verb"
],
[
"lithosphere",
"lithosphere"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(geology) Short for mantle plume (“an upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere”)."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A body part resembling a feather.",
"The furry tail of certain dog breeds (such as the Samoyed) that curls over their backs or stands erect."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"body part",
"body part"
],
[
"furry",
"furry#Adjective"
],
[
"tail",
"tail#Noun"
],
[
"dog",
"dog#Noun"
],
[
"breeds",
"breed#Noun"
],
[
"Samoyed",
"Samoyed"
],
[
"curls",
"curl#Verb"
],
[
"backs",
"back#Noun"
],
[
"stands",
"stand#Verb"
],
[
"erect",
"erect#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(zoology) A body part resembling a feather.",
"The furry tail of certain dog breeds (such as the Samoyed) that curls over their backs or stands erect."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A body part resembling a feather.",
"More fully gill plume: a feathery gill of some crustaceans and molluscs."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"body part",
"body part"
],
[
"feathery",
"feathery"
],
[
"gill",
"gill#Noun"
],
[
"crustacean",
"crustacean"
],
[
"mollusc",
"mollusc"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(zoology) A body part resembling a feather.",
"More fully gill plume: a feathery gill of some crustaceans and molluscs."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, BioWare, Mass Effect: Andromeda (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Elaaden Codex entry:",
"text": "Tidal gravitational effects cause plumes of sodium silicate to erupt from Elaaden's core, depositing unusually pure silicon sand across the surface—invaluable for manufacturing high-performance computer hardware.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpluːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpljuːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈplum/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-plume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg/En-us-plume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pero",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "перо"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "pluim"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "veder"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "veer"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "höyhen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "sulka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plume"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plume"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluma"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "prta",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "ფრთა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Feder"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "פלומה"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "piuma"
},
{
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "ödn",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "өдн"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plūma"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "péro",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "пе́ро"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pérduv",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пе́рдув"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "puhi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "raukura"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "شاه پر"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluma"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fulg"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pană"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "peró",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "перо́"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "пе̑рје"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "pȇrje"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "penacho"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "copete"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plym"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fjäder"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "plüm"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "egreta",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "егрета"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "plumeau"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "stoffer"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "töyhtö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plumet"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Federbusch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Federschmuck"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hutfeder"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cimiero"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pennacchio"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mănunchi de pene"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pămătuf (de pene)"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pljumáž",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плюма́ж"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sultán",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "султа́н"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "penacho"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plumero"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plym"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "plümäd"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "lehätaplümäd"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "token of honour or prowess; that on which one prides oneself; a prize or reward",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Auszeichnung"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "juova"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "patsas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "vana"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "viuhka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nuage"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Abluftfahne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Abwasserfahne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-fahne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rauchfahne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rauchwolke"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schadstofffahne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Staubwolke"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-wolke"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pennacchio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sbuffo"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "puhanga"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "columna"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nubarrón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nube"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"word": "suihku"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nuage"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pennacchio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sbuffo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schizzo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zaffata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "arc of glowing material erupting from the surface of a star",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "arc of glowing material erupting from the surface of a star",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brillamento"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "arc of glowing material erupting from the surface of a star",
"word": "puhanga"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "large and flexible panicle of an inflorescence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plumet"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"word": "pluumi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Plume"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluma"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "furry tail of certain dog breeds",
"word": "kiehkura"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "furry tail of certain dog breeds",
"word": "pörröhäntä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "furry tail of certain dog breeds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "feathery gill of some crustaceans and molluscs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"categories": [
"English contranyms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uːm",
"Rhymes:English/uːm/1 syllable",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "plumed"
},
{
"word": "unplume"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "unplumed"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "plumer",
"t": "to cover with or provide with feathers"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman plumer (“to cover with or provide with feathers”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūmāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūmāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "plūmō",
"t": "to attach feathers to arrows; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey; (figurative) to celebrate, praise"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin plūmō (“to attach feathers to arrows; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey; (figurative) to celebrate, praise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjugation"
},
"expansion": "conjugation",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "plumen",
"t": "to remove the feathers from a bird; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers or the head from prey"
},
"expansion": "Middle English plumen (“to remove the feathers from a bird; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers or the head from prey”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pleume, plewme, plomme, plume",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "plumer",
"t": "to remove the feathers from a bird; to pull out (hairs, especially from a moustache); to rob"
},
"expansion": "Middle French plumer (“to remove the feathers from a bird; to pull out (hairs, especially from a moustache); to rob”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sense 1 (“to adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes”) is derived from Anglo-Norman plumer (“to cover with or provide with feathers”), or its etymon Latin plūmāre, the present active infinitive of plūmō (“to grow feathers, to fledge; to cover with feathers, to feather; to embroider with a feathery pattern”) (and compare Late Latin plūmō (“to attach feathers to arrows; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey; (figurative) to celebrate, praise”)), from plūma (“feather; plumage; down”) (see etymology 1) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).\nSenses 2–4 (“to arrange and preen the feathers of; to congratulate (oneself) proudly; to strip of feathers”) are from Late Middle English plumen (“to remove the feathers from a bird; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers or the head from prey”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman and Middle French plumer (“to remove the feathers from a bird; to pull out (hairs, especially from a moustache); to rob”), from plūma (see etymology 1).\nSense 5 (“to fan out or spread in a cloud”) is derived from plume (noun).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plumes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pluming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "plumed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "plumed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "plume",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "plume (third-person singular simple present plumes, present participle pluming, simple past and past participle plumed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"stem": "plum"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes, or as if with feathers or plumes."
],
"links": [
[
"adorn",
"adorn"
],
[
"cover",
"cover#Verb"
],
[
"furnish",
"furnish#Verb"
],
[
"feathers",
"feather#Noun"
],
[
"plumes",
"plume#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, also figurative) To adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes, or as if with feathers or plumes."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feather"
},
{
"word": "fledge"
}
],
"tags": [
"also",
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English reflexive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1822 May 21, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], “Hawking”, in Bracebridge Hall, or The Humourists. A Medley. […], volume I, New York, N.Y.: […] C. S. Van Winkle, […], →OCLC, page 185:",
"text": "I make no doubt she has made the best of her way back to the hospitable hall of Sir Watkyn Williams Wynne; and may very possibly be pluming her wings, at this present writing, among the breezy bowers of Wynnstay.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1854 January, J. D. Bell, “Lines. Inscribed to My Mother.”, in D[avis] W[asgatt] Clark, editor, The Ladies’ Repository: A Monthly Periodical, Devoted to Literature and Religion, volume XIV, Cincinnati, Oh.: L. Swormstedt and A. Poe; […], →OCLC, page 38, column 2:",
"text": "I bless thee that thy angel-presence still infolds me here! / Forgive me, ere thy spirit plumest for the heavenly sphere.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1870 September, J. C. H., “The Story of Ruth. A Modern Version.”, in Dublin University Magazine, a Literary and Political Journal, volume LXXVI, number CCCCLIII, Dublin: George Herbert, […]; London: Hurst and Blackett, →OCLC, page 290, column 1:",
"text": "[...] Ruth resembled the dove that plumeth its wings in readiness to fly away and be at rest, in the ark of everlasting peace and joy.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "[1873], L[aura] L[ouisa] McL[auchlan] B[ackler], “Love and the Maiden”, in Light and Shadow, London: S. W. Partridge and Co., […], →OCLC, page 37:",
"text": "Victor Love—His far dominion / Owneth with proud glance, / See, he plumeth now his pinion, / Wakeneth from his trance; [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly of a bird: to arrange and preen the feathers of, specifically in preparation for flight; hence (figurative), to prepare for (something)."
],
"links": [
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"arrange",
"arrange"
],
[
"preen",
"preen"
],
[
"preparation",
"preparation"
],
[
"flight",
"flight"
],
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, reflexive) Chiefly of a bird: to arrange and preen the feathers of, specifically in preparation for flight; hence (figurative), to prepare for (something)."
],
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English reflexive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He plumes himself on his skill.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London:",
"text": "pride and plume himself in his Deformities",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1749, Henry Fielding, “The Adventure of a Company of Officers”, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume III, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book VII, page 102:",
"text": "We mention this Obſervation, not with any View of pretending to account for ſo odd a Behaviour, but lest ſome Critic should hereafter plume himſelf on diſcovering it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1843 December 19, Charles Dickens, “Stave Three. The Second of the Three Spirits.”, in A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of Christmas, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, page 75:",
"text": "Gentlemen of the free-and-easy sort, who plume themselves on being acquainted with a move or two, and being usually equal to the time-of-day, express the wide range of their capacity for adventure by observing that they are good for anything from pitch-and-toss to manslaughter; between which opposite extremes, no doubt, there lies a tolerably wide and comprehensive range of subjects.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1853 November–December, Herman Melville, “Bartleby”, in Billy Budd and Other Stories, London: John Lehmann, published 1951, →OCLC, page 37:",
"text": "I could not but highly plume myself on my masterly management in getting rid of Bartleby.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1856, Homer, “Book XVIII”, in F[rancis] W[illiam] Newman, transl., The Iliad of Homer: Faithfully Translated into Unrhymed English Meter, London: Walton and Maberly, […], →OCLC, page 322, lines 130–133:",
"text": "But now thy armour beauteous, / all brass-belaid and sparkling, / Among the Troïans is held: / for motley-helmed Hector / Across his shoulders bearing it / plumeth himself; nor deem I / Long shall he vaunt it; sith alsó / on him o'erhangeth slaughter.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1883, Howard Pyle, “How Sir Richard of the Lea Paid His Debts to Emmet”, in The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood […], New York, N.Y.: […] Charles Scribner’s Sons […], →OCLC, part fifth, page 180:",
"text": "Meanwhile the young stranger had made his way through the crowd, but, as he passed, he heard all around him such words muttered as, \"Look at the cockeril!\" \"Behold how he plumeth himself!\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1929, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Disintegration Machine:",
"text": "Challenger plumed himself like some unwieldy bird under the influence of flattery.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To congratulate (oneself) proudly, especially concerning something unimportant or when taking credit for another person's effort; to self-congratulate."
],
"links": [
[
"congratulate",
"congratulate"
],
[
"proudly",
"proudly"
],
[
"unimportant",
"unimportant"
],
[
"taking",
"take#Verb"
],
[
"credit",
"credit#Noun"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
],
[
"self-congratulate",
"self-congratulate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, reflexive, by extension) To congratulate (oneself) proudly, especially concerning something unimportant or when taking credit for another person's effort; to self-congratulate."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"reflexive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"glosses": [
"To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"To peel, to strip completely; to pillage; also, to deprive of power."
],
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip#Verb"
],
[
"pluck",
"pluck#Verb"
],
[
"peel",
"peel#Verb"
],
[
"completely",
"completely"
],
[
"pillage",
"pillage#Verb"
],
[
"deprive",
"deprive"
],
[
"power",
"power#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"(by extension) To peel, to strip completely; to pillage; also, to deprive of power."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unplume"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"broadly",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Falconry"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1793, Samuel Johnson, George Steevens, “King Henry IV. Part I.”, in William Shakespeare, The Plays of William Shakespeare: […], volume VIII, London: […] T[homas] Longman, […], →OCLC, act I, scene i, page 366, footnote 3:",
"text": "The hauke proineth when ſhe fetcheth oyle with her beake over the taile, and anointeth her feet and her fethers. She plumeth when ſhe pulleth fethers of anie foule and caſteth them from her.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"Of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey."
],
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip#Verb"
],
[
"pluck",
"pluck#Verb"
],
[
"falconry",
"falconry"
],
[
"hawk",
"hawk#Noun"
],
[
"prey",
"prey#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"(falconry, obsolete) Of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unplume"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"falconry",
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1622, Francis, Lord Verulam, Viscount St. Alban [i.e. Francis Bacon], The Historie of the Raigne of King Henry the Seventh, […], London: […] W[illiam] Stansby for Matthew Lownes, and William Barret, →OCLC:",
"text": "the king cared not to plume his nobility",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1723, Elijah Fenton, Mariamne:",
"text": "They wou'd have plum'd his eagles on the field",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck."
],
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip#Verb"
],
[
"pluck",
"pluck#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unplume"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Smoke plumed from his pipe, then slowly settled towards the floor.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a dispersed substance such as dust or smoke: to fan out or spread in a cloud."
],
"links": [
[
"dispersed",
"dispersed#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"dust",
"dust#Noun"
],
[
"smoke",
"smoke#Noun"
],
[
"fan out",
"fan out"
],
[
"spread",
"spread#Verb"
],
[
"cloud",
"cloud#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) Of a dispersed substance such as dust or smoke: to fan out or spread in a cloud."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpluːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpljuːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈplum/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-plume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg/En-us-plume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes, or as if with feathers or plumes",
"word": "emplumar"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to arrange and preen the feathers of",
"word": "sukia"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čístitʹ pjóryški",
"sense": "to arrange and preen the feathers of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чи́стить пёрышки"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to congratulate (oneself) proudly — see also self-congratulate",
"word": "rehvastella"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to congratulate (oneself) proudly — see also self-congratulate",
"word": "emplumar-se"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xvalítʹsja",
"sense": "to congratulate (oneself) proudly — see also self-congratulate",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "хвали́ться"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to fan out or spread in a cloud",
"word": "tupruta"
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine nouns",
"French lemmas",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French verb forms",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:Writing instruments"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "la plume est plus forte que l’épée"
},
{
"word": "nom de plume"
},
{
"word": "plumard"
},
{
"word": "plumer"
},
{
"word": "prendre sa plume"
},
{
"word": "y laisser des plumes"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plume"
},
"expansion": "English: plume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: plume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rad",
"2": "plim"
},
"expansion": "Rade: plim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rade: plim"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "plym",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: plym",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: plym"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "plume",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French plume f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "plume",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French plume f",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūma",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūma f",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French plume f, from Latin plūma f.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "plume f (plural plumes)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"feather"
],
"links": [
[
"feather",
"feather"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"quill"
],
"links": [
[
"quill",
"quill"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nib, the writing end of a fountain pen or a dip pen"
],
"links": [
[
"nib",
"nib"
],
[
"fountain pen",
"fountain pen"
],
[
"dip pen",
"dip pen"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"writer, penman"
],
"links": [
[
"writer",
"writer"
],
[
"penman",
"penman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) writer, penman"
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plym/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-plume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Fr-plume.ogg/Fr-plume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Fr-plume.ogg"
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine nouns",
"French lemmas",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French verb forms",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:Writing instruments"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "plume",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French plume f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "plume",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French plume f",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūma",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūma f",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French plume f, from Latin plūma f.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "plume",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "plumer"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of plumer:",
"first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"plumer",
"plumer#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "plumer"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of plumer:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"plumer",
"plumer#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plym/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-plume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Fr-plume.ogg/Fr-plume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Fr-plume.ogg"
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūma"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūma",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin plūma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plumis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"10": "{{{3}}}s",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{2}}}",
"5": "plural",
"6": "plumis",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "plume f (plural plumis)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"pl": "plumis"
},
"expansion": "plume f (plural plumis)",
"name": "fur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Friulian entries with incorrect language header",
"Friulian feminine nouns",
"Friulian lemmas",
"Friulian nouns",
"Friulian terms derived from Latin",
"Friulian terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"plume, feather"
],
"links": [
[
"plume",
"plume#English"
],
[
"feather",
"feather"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pene"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "plūmsēaw"
},
{
"word": "plūmtrēow"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "plomme"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: plomme, ploume, plum, plumbe, plumme, plowme, ploumme, plome\nEnglish: plum (see there for further descendants)\nScots: ploom, ploum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: plomme, ploume, plum, plumbe, plumme, plowme, ploumme, plome\nEnglish: plum (see there for further descendants)\nScots: ploom, ploum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "pluma",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: pluma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: pluma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ine-ana"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*plūmā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *plūmā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "la",
"3": "prūnum"
},
"expansion": "Latin prūnum",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *plūmā, from Latin prūnum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plūme",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-n-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "plūme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "plūman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "plūman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "plūman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "plūman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "plūmena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "plūman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "plūmum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "plūme",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "plūme f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"head": "plūme"
},
"expansion": "plūme f",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "plūm"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-n-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "plūme",
"2": "plūman",
"3": "plūman",
"4": "plūman",
"5": "plūman",
"6": "plūmena",
"7": "plūman",
"8": "plūmum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "weak"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine n-stem nouns",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Anatolian languages",
"Old English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Old English terms derived from Latin",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"plum"
],
"links": [
[
"plum",
"plum"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpluː.me/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "plȳme"
},
{
"english": "early",
"word": "plūmae"
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "plume",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: plume f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: plume f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "plume",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "French: plume f\nEnglish: plume\nRade: plim\n→ Swedish: plym",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "French: plume f\nEnglish: plume\nRade: plim\n→ Swedish: plym"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "plieunme",
"3": "plleume",
"g1": "f",
"g2": "f",
"qq1": "Jersey",
"qq2": "Guernsey"
},
"expansion": "Norman: plieunme f (Jersey), plleume f (Guernsey)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: plieunme f (Jersey), plleume f (Guernsey)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "plome",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: plome f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: plome f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "plume",
"3": "plume",
"bor": "1",
"qq": "via Insular French & Middle French"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: plume, plume (via Insular French & Middle French)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: plume, plume (via Insular French & Middle French)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plume"
},
"expansion": "English: plume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: plume"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūma"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūma",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin plūma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plume oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "plumes",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "plume",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "plumes",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "plume oblique singular, f (oblique plural plumes, nominative singular plume, nominative plural plumes)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"feather; plume"
],
"links": [
[
"feather",
"feather"
],
[
"plume",
"plume#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
Download raw JSONL data for plume meaning in All languages combined (57.2kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''Things resembling a feather.'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"plume"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "plume",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''To strip (a bird) of feathers;'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"plume"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "plume",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'plume oblique singular or', originally 'plume oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"plume"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "plume",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'plume oblique singular or', originally 'plume oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"plume"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "plume",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'plume oblique singular or' in 'plume oblique singular, f (oblique plural plumes, nominative singular plume, nominative plural plumes)'",
"path": [
"plume"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "plume",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.