See plume in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for plume meaning in English (44.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Apache plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nom-de-plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume grass"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume head"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume-holder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume holder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plumelike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume moth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume nutmeg"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume poppy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plume tail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plumy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "prince's plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pull someone's plumes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Silver Plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Spanish plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "warrior's plume"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*plewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "plum"
},
"expansion": "Middle English plum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "plume",
"t": "feather; plumage"
},
"expansion": "plume (“feather; plumage”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "plum"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman plum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "plume"
},
"expansion": "plume",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "plume"
},
"expansion": "Old French plume",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "plome",
"t": "plumage; down used for stuffing pillows, etc.; pen, quill"
},
"expansion": "plome (“plumage; down used for stuffing pillows, etc.; pen, quill”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "plume",
"t": "feather; pen, quill; pen nib; (figurative) writer"
},
"expansion": "French plume (“feather; pen, quill; pen nib; (figurative) writer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūma",
"t": "feather; plumage; down"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūma (“feather; plumage; down”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "plūma",
"t": "pen, quill"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin plūma (“pen, quill”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*plouksmā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *plouksmā",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*plewk-",
"t": "to fly; to flow; to run; to flap with hands; to splash"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly; to flow; to run; to flap with hands; to splash”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pluma",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of pluma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English plum, plume (“feather; plumage”), from Anglo-Norman plum, plume and Middle French, Old French plume, plome (“plumage; down used for stuffing pillows, etc.; pen, quill”) (modern French plume (“feather; pen, quill; pen nib; (figurative) writer”)), and directly from its etymon Latin plūma (“feather; plumage; down”) (compare Late Latin plūma (“pen, quill”)), from Proto-Italic *plouksmā, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly; to flow; to run; to flap with hands; to splash”).\nThe English word is a doublet of pluma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "plume (plural plumes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plumage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plumaged"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2020 August 4, Richard Conniff, “They may Look Goofy, but Ostriches are Nobody’s Fool”, in National Geographic, Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-10-09",
"text": "[T]he most valuable cargo carried by the Titanic wasn't diamonds or gold but 12 cases of ostrich plumes valued at $2.3 million in today's money.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-WQOHkyFz",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"feather",
"feather#Noun"
],
[
"bird",
"bird#Noun"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"showy",
"showy"
],
[
"used",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"decoration",
"decoration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary and poetic) A feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"poetic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pero",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "перо"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "pluim"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "veder"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "veer"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "höyhen"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "sulka"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluma"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "prta",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "ფრთა"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Feder"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "פלומה"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "piuma"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "ödn",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "өдн"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plūma"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "péro",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "пе́ро"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pérduv",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пе́рдув"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "puhi"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "raukura"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "شاه پر"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluma"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fulg"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pană"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "peró",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "перо́"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "пе̑рје"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "pȇrje"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plym"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fjäder"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 2 5 7 5 5 5 9 7 5 5 5",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "plüm"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A cluster of feathers worn as an ornament, especially on a helmet; a hackle."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-NdKi08CP",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"cluster",
"cluster"
],
[
"worn",
"wear#Verb"
],
[
"ornament",
"ornament"
],
[
"helmet",
"helmet"
],
[
"hackle",
"hackle#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary and poetic) A cluster of feathers worn as an ornament, especially on a helmet; a hackle."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"poetic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "egreta",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "егрета"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "plumeau"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "stoffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "töyhtö"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plumet"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Federbusch"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Federschmuck"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hutfeder"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cimiero"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pennacchio"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mănunchi de pene"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pămătuf (de pene)"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pljumáž",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плюма́ж"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sultán",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "султа́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plym"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "plümäd"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 54 1 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 7 7 3",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "lehätaplümäd"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A token of honour or prowess; that on which one prides oneself; a prize or reward."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-qLwxyTeB",
"links": [
[
"token",
"token#Noun"
],
[
"honour",
"honour#Noun"
],
[
"prowess",
"prowess"
],
[
"prides",
"pride#Verb"
],
[
"prize",
"prize#Noun"
],
[
"reward",
"reward#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) A token of honour or prowess; that on which one prides oneself; a prize or reward."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feather in one's cap"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 92 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "token of honour or prowess; that on which one prides oneself; a prize or reward",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Auszeichnung"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The vane (“flattened, web-like part”) of a feather, especially when on a quill pen or the fletching of an arrow."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-fhHwHx6U",
"links": [
[
"vane",
"vane#English"
],
[
"flattened",
"flattened#Adjective"
],
[
"web-like",
"weblike"
],
[
"part",
"part#Noun"
],
[
"quill pen",
"quill pen"
],
[
"fletching",
"fletching#Noun"
],
[
"arrow",
"arrow#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a small, slender moth of the family Pterophoridae",
"word": "plume moth"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 7 15 8 5 5 7 15 6 5 5 1 1 7 1 4 1 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 7 15 7 4 5 7 17 6 5 4 1 1 7 1 4 1 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for plume moth (“a small, slender moth of the family Pterophoridae”)."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-Cc-uf7KG",
"links": [
[
"plume moth",
"plume moth#English"
],
[
"small",
"small#Adjective"
],
[
"slender",
"slender"
],
[
"moth",
"moth"
],
[
"family",
"family"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "After the explosion, a plume of smoke could be seen in the sky for miles around.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The pollutant creates a contaminant plume within an aquifer.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-bSBE3d~B",
"links": [
[
"cloud",
"cloud#Noun"
],
[
"formed",
"form#Verb"
],
[
"dispersed",
"dispersed#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"fanning out",
"fan out"
],
[
"spreading",
"spread#Verb"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "juova"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "patsas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "vana"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "viuhka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nuage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Abluftfahne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Abwasserfahne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-fahne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rauchfahne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rauchwolke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schadstofffahne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Staubwolke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-wolke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pennacchio"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sbuffo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 3 5 69 2 2 3 6 3 2 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "puhanga"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"An upward spray of mist or water."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-rUZ5xD2Q",
"links": [
[
"upward",
"upward"
],
[
"spray",
"spray#Noun"
],
[
"mist",
"mist#Noun"
],
[
"water",
"water#Noun"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 2 1 2 85 1 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"word": "suihku"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 2 1 2 85 1 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 2 1 2 85 1 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nuage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 2 1 2 85 1 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pennacchio"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 2 1 2 85 1 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sbuffo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 2 1 2 85 1 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schizzo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 2 1 2 85 1 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zaffata"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "en:Astronomy",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Space",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"An arc of glowing material (chiefly gases) erupting from the surface of a star."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-edSOyWRf",
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"arc",
"arc#Noun"
],
[
"glowing",
"glowing#Adjective"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"gases",
"gas#Noun"
],
[
"erupt",
"erupt"
],
[
"surface",
"surface#Noun"
],
[
"star",
"star#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(astronomy) An arc of glowing material (chiefly gases) erupting from the surface of a star."
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 4 6 5 2 52 4 13 4 4 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "arc of glowing material erupting from the surface of a star",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 4 6 5 2 52 4 13 4 4 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "arc of glowing material erupting from the surface of a star",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brillamento"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 4 6 5 2 52 4 13 4 4 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "arc of glowing material erupting from the surface of a star",
"word": "puhanga"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A large and flexible panicle of an inflorescence resembling a feather, such as is seen in certain large ornamental grasses."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-HkWgJGTh",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"flexible",
"flexible"
],
[
"panicle",
"panicle"
],
[
"inflorescence",
"inflorescence"
],
[
"resembling",
"resemble"
],
[
"ornamental",
"ornamental#Adjective"
],
[
"grasses",
"grass#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(botany) A large and flexible panicle of an inflorescence resembling a feather, such as is seen in certain large ornamental grasses."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 0 5 9 3 2 3 56 8 5 4 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "large and flexible panicle of an inflorescence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plumet"
}
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "an upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere",
"word": "mantle plume"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "en:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 7 15 8 5 5 7 15 6 5 5 1 1 7 1 4 1 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 7 15 7 4 5 7 17 6 5 4 1 1 7 1 4 1 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"Short for mantle plume (“an upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere”)."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-jKn5l3HB",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"mantle plume",
"mantle plume#English"
],
[
"upwelling",
"upwelling"
],
[
"abnormally",
"abnormally"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
],
[
"molten",
"molten"
],
[
"Earth",
"Earth"
],
[
"mantle",
"mantle#Noun"
],
[
"spreads",
"spread#Verb"
],
[
"sideways",
"sideways"
],
[
"reaches",
"reach#Verb"
],
[
"lithosphere",
"lithosphere"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(geology) Short for mantle plume (“an upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere”)."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 5 21 4 3 4 5 44 5 4 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"word": "pluumi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 5 21 4 3 4 5 44 5 4 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 5 21 4 3 4 5 44 5 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Plume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 5 21 4 3 4 5 44 5 4 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluma"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "en:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A body part resembling a feather.",
"The furry tail of certain dog breeds (such as the Samoyed) that curls over their backs or stands erect."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-23peEHS7",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"body part",
"body part"
],
[
"furry",
"furry#Adjective"
],
[
"tail",
"tail#Noun"
],
[
"dog",
"dog#Noun"
],
[
"breeds",
"breed#Noun"
],
[
"Samoyed",
"Samoyed"
],
[
"curls",
"curl#Verb"
],
[
"backs",
"back#Noun"
],
[
"stands",
"stand#Verb"
],
[
"erect",
"erect#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(zoology) A body part resembling a feather.",
"The furry tail of certain dog breeds (such as the Samoyed) that curls over their backs or stands erect."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 3 2 1 2 12 4 56 8 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "furry tail of certain dog breeds",
"word": "kiehkura"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 3 2 1 2 12 4 56 8 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "furry tail of certain dog breeds",
"word": "pörröhäntä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 3 2 1 2 12 4 56 8 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "furry tail of certain dog breeds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "en:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A body part resembling a feather.",
"More fully gill plume: a feathery gill of some crustaceans and molluscs."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-Mu1P1jYW",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"body part",
"body part"
],
[
"feathery",
"feathery"
],
[
"gill",
"gill#Noun"
],
[
"crustacean",
"crustacean"
],
[
"mollusc",
"mollusc"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(zoology) A body part resembling a feather.",
"More fully gill plume: a feathery gill of some crustaceans and molluscs."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 5 10 5 4 4 5 9 4 48 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "feathery gill of some crustaceans and molluscs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, BioWare, Mass Effect: Andromeda (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Elaaden Codex entry",
"text": "Tidal gravitational effects cause plumes of sodium silicate to erupt from Elaaden's core, depositing unusually pure silicon sand across the surface—invaluable for manufacturing high-performance computer hardware.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-noun-5GgWshcr"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpluːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpljuːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈplum/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-plume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg/En-us-plume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "plumed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unplume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "unplumed"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "plumer",
"t": "to cover with or provide with feathers"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman plumer (“to cover with or provide with feathers”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūmāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūmāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "plūmō",
"t": "to grow feathers, to fledge; to cover with feathers, to feather; to embroider with a feathery pattern"
},
"expansion": "plūmō (“to grow feathers, to fledge; to cover with feathers, to feather; to embroider with a feathery pattern”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "plūmō",
"t": "to attach feathers to arrows; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey; (figurative) to celebrate, praise"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin plūmō (“to attach feathers to arrows; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey; (figurative) to celebrate, praise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "plūma",
"t": "feather; plumage; down"
},
"expansion": "plūma (“feather; plumage; down”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjugation"
},
"expansion": "conjugation",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ō",
"pos": "suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs"
},
"expansion": "-ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "plumen",
"t": "to remove the feathers from a bird; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers or the head from prey"
},
"expansion": "Middle English plumen (“to remove the feathers from a bird; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers or the head from prey”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pleume, plewme, plomme, plume",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "plumer",
"t": "to remove the feathers from a bird; to pull out (hairs, especially from a moustache); to rob"
},
"expansion": "Middle French plumer (“to remove the feathers from a bird; to pull out (hairs, especially from a moustache); to rob”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "plūma"
},
"expansion": "plūma",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plume",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "plume (noun)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sense 1 (“to adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes”) is derived from Anglo-Norman plumer (“to cover with or provide with feathers”), or its etymon Latin plūmāre, the present active infinitive of plūmō (“to grow feathers, to fledge; to cover with feathers, to feather; to embroider with a feathery pattern”) (and compare Late Latin plūmō (“to attach feathers to arrows; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey; (figurative) to celebrate, praise”)), from plūma (“feather; plumage; down”) (see etymology 1) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).\nSenses 2–4 (“to arrange and preen the feathers of; to congratulate (oneself) proudly; to strip of feathers”) are from Late Middle English plumen (“to remove the feathers from a bird; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers or the head from prey”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman and Middle French plumer (“to remove the feathers from a bird; to pull out (hairs, especially from a moustache); to rob”), from plūma (see etymology 1).\nSense 5 (“to fan out or spread in a cloud”) is derived from plume (noun).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plumes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pluming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "plumed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "plumed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "plume",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "plume (third-person singular simple present plumes, present participle pluming, simple past and past participle plumed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"stem": "plum"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes, or as if with feathers or plumes."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-verb-2G~OM8sv",
"links": [
[
"adorn",
"adorn"
],
[
"cover",
"cover#Verb"
],
[
"furnish",
"furnish#Verb"
],
[
"feathers",
"feather#Noun"
],
[
"plumes",
"plume#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, also figurative) To adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes, or as if with feathers or plumes."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feather"
},
{
"word": "fledge"
}
],
"tags": [
"also",
"figuratively",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "87 3 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes, or as if with feathers or plumes",
"word": "emplumar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1854 January, J. D. Bell, “Lines. Inscribed to My Mother.”, in D[avis] W[asgatt] Clark, editor, The Ladies’ Repository: A Monthly Periodical, Devoted to Literature and Religion, volume XIV, Cincinnati, Oh.: L. Swormstedt and A. Poe; […], →OCLC, page 38, column 2",
"text": "I bless thee that thy angel-presence still infolds me here! / Forgive me, ere thy spirit plumest for the heavenly sphere.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1870 September, J. C. H., “The Story of Ruth. A Modern Version.”, in Dublin University Magazine, a Literary and Political Journal, volume LXXVI, number CCCCLIII, Dublin: George Herbert, […]; London: Hurst and Blackett, →OCLC, page 290, column 1",
"text": "[...] Ruth resembled the dove that plumeth its wings in readiness to fly away and be at rest, in the ark of everlasting peace and joy.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "[1873], L[aura] L[ouisa] McL[auchlan] B[ackler], “Love and the Maiden”, in Light and Shadow, London: S. W. Partridge and Co., […], →OCLC, page 37",
"text": "Victor Love—His far dominion / Owneth with proud glance, / See, he plumeth now his pinion, / Wakeneth from his trance; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly of a bird: to arrange and preen the feathers of, specifically in preparation for flight; hence (figurative), to prepare for (something)."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-verb-GRMx07CM",
"links": [
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"arrange",
"arrange"
],
[
"preen",
"preen"
],
[
"preparation",
"preparation"
],
[
"flight",
"flight"
],
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, reflexive) Chiefly of a bird: to arrange and preen the feathers of, specifically in preparation for flight; hence (figurative), to prepare for (something)."
],
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 61 3 7 9 7 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to arrange and preen the feathers of",
"word": "sukia"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 61 3 7 9 7 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čístitʹ pjóryški",
"sense": "to arrange and preen the feathers of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чи́стить пёрышки"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He plumes himself on his skill.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1856, Homer, “Book XVIII”, in F[rancis] W[illiam] Newman, transl., The Iliad of Homer: Faithfully Translated into Unrhymed English Meter, London: Walton and Maberly, […], →OCLC, page 322, lines 130–133",
"text": "But now thy armour beauteous, / all brass-belaid and sparkling, / Among the Troïans is held: / for motley-helmed Hector / Across his shoulders bearing it / plumeth himself; nor deem I / Long shall he vaunt it; sith alsó / on him o'erhangeth slaughter.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1929, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Disintegration Machine",
"text": "Challenger plumed himself like some unwieldy bird under the influence of flattery.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To congratulate (oneself) proudly, especially concerning something unimportant or when taking credit for another person's effort; to self-congratulate."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-verb-92Mupb6z",
"links": [
[
"congratulate",
"congratulate"
],
[
"proudly",
"proudly"
],
[
"unimportant",
"unimportant"
],
[
"taking",
"take#Verb"
],
[
"credit",
"credit#Noun"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
],
[
"self-congratulate",
"self-congratulate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, reflexive, by extension) To congratulate (oneself) proudly, especially concerning something unimportant or when taking credit for another person's effort; to self-congratulate."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"reflexive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 3 67 11 5 2 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to congratulate (oneself) proudly — see also self-congratulate",
"word": "rehvastella"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 67 11 5 2 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to congratulate (oneself) proudly — see also self-congratulate",
"word": "emplumar-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 67 11 5 2 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xvalítʹsja",
"sense": "to congratulate (oneself) proudly — see also self-congratulate",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "хвали́ться"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"To peel, to strip completely; to pillage; also, to deprive of power."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-verb-oEWX5jzO",
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip#Verb"
],
[
"pluck",
"pluck#Verb"
],
[
"peel",
"peel#Verb"
],
[
"completely",
"completely"
],
[
"pillage",
"pillage#Verb"
],
[
"deprive",
"deprive"
],
[
"power",
"power#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"(by extension) To peel, to strip completely; to pillage; also, to deprive of power."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unplume"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"broadly",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Falconry",
"orig": "en:Falconry",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1793, Samuel Johnson, George Steevens, “King Henry IV. Part I.”, in William Shakespeare, The Plays of William Shakespeare: […], volume VIII, London: […] T[homas] Longman, […], →OCLC, act I, scene i, page 366, footnote 3",
"text": "The hauke proineth when ſhe fetcheth oyle with her beake over the taile, and anointeth her feet and her fethers. She plumeth when ſhe pulleth fethers of anie foule and caſteth them from her.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"Of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-verb-X6Lj3x08",
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip#Verb"
],
[
"pluck",
"pluck#Verb"
],
[
"falconry",
"falconry"
],
[
"hawk",
"hawk#Noun"
],
[
"prey",
"prey#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"(falconry, obsolete) Of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unplume"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"falconry",
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1723, Elijah Fenton, Mariamne",
"text": "They wou'd have plum'd his eagles on the field",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-verb-bz04aTZO",
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip#Verb"
],
[
"pluck",
"pluck#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unplume"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Smoke plumed from his pipe, then slowly settled towards the floor.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a dispersed substance such as dust or smoke: to fan out or spread in a cloud."
],
"id": "en-plume-en-verb-M71N~j6L",
"links": [
[
"dispersed",
"dispersed#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"dust",
"dust#Noun"
],
[
"smoke",
"smoke#Noun"
],
[
"fan out",
"fan out"
],
[
"spread",
"spread#Verb"
],
[
"cloud",
"cloud#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) Of a dispersed substance such as dust or smoke: to fan out or spread in a cloud."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 11 2 5 2 73",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to fan out or spread in a cloud",
"word": "tupruta"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpluːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpljuːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈplum/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-plume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg/En-us-plume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *plewk-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/uːm",
"Rhymes:English/uːm/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Apache plume"
},
{
"word": "nom-de-plume"
},
{
"word": "plume grass"
},
{
"word": "plume head"
},
{
"word": "plume-holder"
},
{
"word": "plume holder"
},
{
"word": "plumelike"
},
{
"word": "plume moth"
},
{
"word": "plume nutmeg"
},
{
"word": "plume poppy"
},
{
"word": "plume tail"
},
{
"word": "plumy"
},
{
"word": "prince's plume"
},
{
"word": "pull someone's plumes"
},
{
"word": "Silver Plume"
},
{
"word": "Spanish plume"
},
{
"word": "warrior's plume"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*plewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "plum"
},
"expansion": "Middle English plum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "plume",
"t": "feather; plumage"
},
"expansion": "plume (“feather; plumage”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "plum"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman plum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "plume"
},
"expansion": "plume",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "plume"
},
"expansion": "Old French plume",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "plome",
"t": "plumage; down used for stuffing pillows, etc.; pen, quill"
},
"expansion": "plome (“plumage; down used for stuffing pillows, etc.; pen, quill”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "plume",
"t": "feather; pen, quill; pen nib; (figurative) writer"
},
"expansion": "French plume (“feather; pen, quill; pen nib; (figurative) writer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūma",
"t": "feather; plumage; down"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūma (“feather; plumage; down”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "plūma",
"t": "pen, quill"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin plūma (“pen, quill”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*plouksmā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *plouksmā",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*plewk-",
"t": "to fly; to flow; to run; to flap with hands; to splash"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly; to flow; to run; to flap with hands; to splash”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pluma",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of pluma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English plum, plume (“feather; plumage”), from Anglo-Norman plum, plume and Middle French, Old French plume, plome (“plumage; down used for stuffing pillows, etc.; pen, quill”) (modern French plume (“feather; pen, quill; pen nib; (figurative) writer”)), and directly from its etymon Latin plūma (“feather; plumage; down”) (compare Late Latin plūma (“pen, quill”)), from Proto-Italic *plouksmā, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly; to flow; to run; to flap with hands; to splash”).\nThe English word is a doublet of pluma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "plume (plural plumes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "plumage"
},
{
"word": "plumaged"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2020 August 4, Richard Conniff, “They may Look Goofy, but Ostriches are Nobody’s Fool”, in National Geographic, Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-10-09",
"text": "[T]he most valuable cargo carried by the Titanic wasn't diamonds or gold but 12 cases of ostrich plumes valued at $2.3 million in today's money.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration."
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"feather",
"feather#Noun"
],
[
"bird",
"bird#Noun"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"showy",
"showy"
],
[
"used",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"decoration",
"decoration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary and poetic) A feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A cluster of feathers worn as an ornament, especially on a helmet; a hackle."
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"cluster",
"cluster"
],
[
"worn",
"wear#Verb"
],
[
"ornament",
"ornament"
],
[
"helmet",
"helmet"
],
[
"hackle",
"hackle#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary and poetic) A cluster of feathers worn as an ornament, especially on a helmet; a hackle."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A token of honour or prowess; that on which one prides oneself; a prize or reward."
],
"links": [
[
"token",
"token#Noun"
],
[
"honour",
"honour#Noun"
],
[
"prowess",
"prowess"
],
[
"prides",
"pride#Verb"
],
[
"prize",
"prize#Noun"
],
[
"reward",
"reward#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) A token of honour or prowess; that on which one prides oneself; a prize or reward."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feather in one's cap"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The vane (“flattened, web-like part”) of a feather, especially when on a quill pen or the fletching of an arrow."
],
"links": [
[
"vane",
"vane#English"
],
[
"flattened",
"flattened#Adjective"
],
[
"web-like",
"weblike"
],
[
"part",
"part#Noun"
],
[
"quill pen",
"quill pen"
],
[
"fletching",
"fletching#Noun"
],
[
"arrow",
"arrow#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a small, slender moth of the family Pterophoridae",
"word": "plume moth"
}
],
"categories": [
"English short forms",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)"
],
"glosses": [
"Short for plume moth (“a small, slender moth of the family Pterophoridae”)."
],
"links": [
[
"plume moth",
"plume moth#English"
],
[
"small",
"small#Adjective"
],
[
"slender",
"slender"
],
[
"moth",
"moth"
],
[
"family",
"family"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "After the explosion, a plume of smoke could be seen in the sky for miles around.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The pollutant creates a contaminant plume within an aquifer.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading."
],
"links": [
[
"cloud",
"cloud#Noun"
],
[
"formed",
"form#Verb"
],
[
"dispersed",
"dispersed#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"fanning out",
"fan out"
],
[
"spreading",
"spread#Verb"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"An upward spray of mist or water."
],
"links": [
[
"upward",
"upward"
],
[
"spray",
"spray#Noun"
],
[
"mist",
"mist#Noun"
],
[
"water",
"water#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Astronomy"
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"An arc of glowing material (chiefly gases) erupting from the surface of a star."
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"arc",
"arc#Noun"
],
[
"glowing",
"glowing#Adjective"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"gases",
"gas#Noun"
],
[
"erupt",
"erupt"
],
[
"surface",
"surface#Noun"
],
[
"star",
"star#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(astronomy) An arc of glowing material (chiefly gases) erupting from the surface of a star."
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A large and flexible panicle of an inflorescence resembling a feather, such as is seen in certain large ornamental grasses."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"flexible",
"flexible"
],
[
"panicle",
"panicle"
],
[
"inflorescence",
"inflorescence"
],
[
"resembling",
"resemble"
],
[
"ornamental",
"ornamental#Adjective"
],
[
"grasses",
"grass#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(botany) A large and flexible panicle of an inflorescence resembling a feather, such as is seen in certain large ornamental grasses."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "an upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere",
"word": "mantle plume"
}
],
"categories": [
"English short forms",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"Short for mantle plume (“an upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere”)."
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"mantle plume",
"mantle plume#English"
],
[
"upwelling",
"upwelling"
],
[
"abnormally",
"abnormally"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
],
[
"molten",
"molten"
],
[
"Earth",
"Earth"
],
[
"mantle",
"mantle#Noun"
],
[
"spreads",
"spread#Verb"
],
[
"sideways",
"sideways"
],
[
"reaches",
"reach#Verb"
],
[
"lithosphere",
"lithosphere"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(geology) Short for mantle plume (“an upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere”)."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A body part resembling a feather.",
"The furry tail of certain dog breeds (such as the Samoyed) that curls over their backs or stands erect."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"body part",
"body part"
],
[
"furry",
"furry#Adjective"
],
[
"tail",
"tail#Noun"
],
[
"dog",
"dog#Noun"
],
[
"breeds",
"breed#Noun"
],
[
"Samoyed",
"Samoyed"
],
[
"curls",
"curl#Verb"
],
[
"backs",
"back#Noun"
],
[
"stands",
"stand#Verb"
],
[
"erect",
"erect#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(zoology) A body part resembling a feather.",
"The furry tail of certain dog breeds (such as the Samoyed) that curls over their backs or stands erect."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"A body part resembling a feather.",
"More fully gill plume: a feathery gill of some crustaceans and molluscs."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"body part",
"body part"
],
[
"feathery",
"feathery"
],
[
"gill",
"gill#Noun"
],
[
"crustacean",
"crustacean"
],
[
"mollusc",
"mollusc"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather.",
"(zoology) A body part resembling a feather.",
"More fully gill plume: a feathery gill of some crustaceans and molluscs."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, BioWare, Mass Effect: Andromeda (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Elaaden Codex entry",
"text": "Tidal gravitational effects cause plumes of sodium silicate to erupt from Elaaden's core, depositing unusually pure silicon sand across the surface—invaluable for manufacturing high-performance computer hardware.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Things resembling a feather."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpluːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpljuːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈplum/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-plume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg/En-us-plume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pero",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "перо"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "pluim"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "veder"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "veer"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "höyhen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "sulka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plume"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plume"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluma"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "prta",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "ფრთა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Feder"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "פלומה"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "piuma"
},
{
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "ödn",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "өдн"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plūma"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "péro",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "пе́ро"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pérduv",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пе́рдув"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "puhi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "raukura"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "شاه پر"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluma"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fulg"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pană"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "peró",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "перо́"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "пе̑рје"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "pȇrje"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plym"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fjäder"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration — see also feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration",
"word": "plüm"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "egreta",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "егрета"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "plumeau"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "stoffer"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "töyhtö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plumet"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Federbusch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Federschmuck"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hutfeder"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cimiero"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cresta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pennacchio"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mănunchi de pene"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pămătuf (de pene)"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pljumáž",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плюма́ж"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sultán",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "султа́н"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plym"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "plümäd"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "cluster of feathers worn as an ornament",
"word": "lehätaplümäd"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "token of honour or prowess; that on which one prides oneself; a prize or reward",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Auszeichnung"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "juova"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "patsas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "vana"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "viuhka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nuage"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Abluftfahne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Abwasserfahne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-fahne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rauchfahne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rauchwolke"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schadstofffahne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Staubwolke"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-wolke"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pennacchio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sbuffo"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading",
"word": "puhanga"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"word": "suihku"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nuage"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pennacchio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sbuffo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schizzo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "upward spray of mist or water",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zaffata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "arc of glowing material erupting from the surface of a star",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "arc of glowing material erupting from the surface of a star",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brillamento"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "arc of glowing material erupting from the surface of a star",
"word": "puhanga"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "large and flexible panicle of an inflorescence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plumet"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"word": "pluumi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Plume"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "short for mantle plume — see also mantle plume",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluma"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "furry tail of certain dog breeds",
"word": "kiehkura"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "furry tail of certain dog breeds",
"word": "pörröhäntä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "furry tail of certain dog breeds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "feathery gill of some crustaceans and molluscs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panache"
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English contranyms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/uːm",
"Rhymes:English/uːm/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "plumed"
},
{
"word": "unplume"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "unplumed"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "plumer",
"t": "to cover with or provide with feathers"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman plumer (“to cover with or provide with feathers”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "plūmāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin plūmāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "plūmō",
"t": "to grow feathers, to fledge; to cover with feathers, to feather; to embroider with a feathery pattern"
},
"expansion": "plūmō (“to grow feathers, to fledge; to cover with feathers, to feather; to embroider with a feathery pattern”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "plūmō",
"t": "to attach feathers to arrows; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey; (figurative) to celebrate, praise"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin plūmō (“to attach feathers to arrows; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey; (figurative) to celebrate, praise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "plūma",
"t": "feather; plumage; down"
},
"expansion": "plūma (“feather; plumage; down”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjugation"
},
"expansion": "conjugation",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ō",
"pos": "suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs"
},
"expansion": "-ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "plumen",
"t": "to remove the feathers from a bird; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers or the head from prey"
},
"expansion": "Middle English plumen (“to remove the feathers from a bird; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers or the head from prey”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pleume, plewme, plomme, plume",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "plumer",
"t": "to remove the feathers from a bird; to pull out (hairs, especially from a moustache); to rob"
},
"expansion": "Middle French plumer (“to remove the feathers from a bird; to pull out (hairs, especially from a moustache); to rob”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "plūma"
},
"expansion": "plūma",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plume",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "plume (noun)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sense 1 (“to adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes”) is derived from Anglo-Norman plumer (“to cover with or provide with feathers”), or its etymon Latin plūmāre, the present active infinitive of plūmō (“to grow feathers, to fledge; to cover with feathers, to feather; to embroider with a feathery pattern”) (and compare Late Latin plūmō (“to attach feathers to arrows; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey; (figurative) to celebrate, praise”)), from plūma (“feather; plumage; down”) (see etymology 1) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).\nSenses 2–4 (“to arrange and preen the feathers of; to congratulate (oneself) proudly; to strip of feathers”) are from Late Middle English plumen (“to remove the feathers from a bird; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers or the head from prey”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman and Middle French plumer (“to remove the feathers from a bird; to pull out (hairs, especially from a moustache); to rob”), from plūma (see etymology 1).\nSense 5 (“to fan out or spread in a cloud”) is derived from plume (noun).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plumes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pluming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "plumed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "plumed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "plume",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "plume (third-person singular simple present plumes, present participle pluming, simple past and past participle plumed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"stem": "plum"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes, or as if with feathers or plumes."
],
"links": [
[
"adorn",
"adorn"
],
[
"cover",
"cover#Verb"
],
[
"furnish",
"furnish#Verb"
],
[
"feathers",
"feather#Noun"
],
[
"plumes",
"plume#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, also figurative) To adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes, or as if with feathers or plumes."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feather"
},
{
"word": "fledge"
}
],
"tags": [
"also",
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English reflexive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1854 January, J. D. Bell, “Lines. Inscribed to My Mother.”, in D[avis] W[asgatt] Clark, editor, The Ladies’ Repository: A Monthly Periodical, Devoted to Literature and Religion, volume XIV, Cincinnati, Oh.: L. Swormstedt and A. Poe; […], →OCLC, page 38, column 2",
"text": "I bless thee that thy angel-presence still infolds me here! / Forgive me, ere thy spirit plumest for the heavenly sphere.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1870 September, J. C. H., “The Story of Ruth. A Modern Version.”, in Dublin University Magazine, a Literary and Political Journal, volume LXXVI, number CCCCLIII, Dublin: George Herbert, […]; London: Hurst and Blackett, →OCLC, page 290, column 1",
"text": "[...] Ruth resembled the dove that plumeth its wings in readiness to fly away and be at rest, in the ark of everlasting peace and joy.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "[1873], L[aura] L[ouisa] McL[auchlan] B[ackler], “Love and the Maiden”, in Light and Shadow, London: S. W. Partridge and Co., […], →OCLC, page 37",
"text": "Victor Love—His far dominion / Owneth with proud glance, / See, he plumeth now his pinion, / Wakeneth from his trance; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly of a bird: to arrange and preen the feathers of, specifically in preparation for flight; hence (figurative), to prepare for (something)."
],
"links": [
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"arrange",
"arrange"
],
[
"preen",
"preen"
],
[
"preparation",
"preparation"
],
[
"flight",
"flight"
],
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, reflexive) Chiefly of a bird: to arrange and preen the feathers of, specifically in preparation for flight; hence (figurative), to prepare for (something)."
],
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English reflexive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He plumes himself on his skill.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1856, Homer, “Book XVIII”, in F[rancis] W[illiam] Newman, transl., The Iliad of Homer: Faithfully Translated into Unrhymed English Meter, London: Walton and Maberly, […], →OCLC, page 322, lines 130–133",
"text": "But now thy armour beauteous, / all brass-belaid and sparkling, / Among the Troïans is held: / for motley-helmed Hector / Across his shoulders bearing it / plumeth himself; nor deem I / Long shall he vaunt it; sith alsó / on him o'erhangeth slaughter.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1929, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Disintegration Machine",
"text": "Challenger plumed himself like some unwieldy bird under the influence of flattery.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To congratulate (oneself) proudly, especially concerning something unimportant or when taking credit for another person's effort; to self-congratulate."
],
"links": [
[
"congratulate",
"congratulate"
],
[
"proudly",
"proudly"
],
[
"unimportant",
"unimportant"
],
[
"taking",
"take#Verb"
],
[
"credit",
"credit#Noun"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
],
[
"self-congratulate",
"self-congratulate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, reflexive, by extension) To congratulate (oneself) proudly, especially concerning something unimportant or when taking credit for another person's effort; to self-congratulate."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"reflexive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"glosses": [
"To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"To peel, to strip completely; to pillage; also, to deprive of power."
],
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip#Verb"
],
[
"pluck",
"pluck#Verb"
],
[
"peel",
"peel#Verb"
],
[
"completely",
"completely"
],
[
"pillage",
"pillage#Verb"
],
[
"deprive",
"deprive"
],
[
"power",
"power#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"(by extension) To peel, to strip completely; to pillage; also, to deprive of power."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unplume"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"broadly",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Falconry"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1793, Samuel Johnson, George Steevens, “King Henry IV. Part I.”, in William Shakespeare, The Plays of William Shakespeare: […], volume VIII, London: […] T[homas] Longman, […], →OCLC, act I, scene i, page 366, footnote 3",
"text": "The hauke proineth when ſhe fetcheth oyle with her beake over the taile, and anointeth her feet and her fethers. She plumeth when ſhe pulleth fethers of anie foule and caſteth them from her.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"Of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey."
],
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip#Verb"
],
[
"pluck",
"pluck#Verb"
],
[
"falconry",
"falconry"
],
[
"hawk",
"hawk#Noun"
],
[
"prey",
"prey#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.",
"(falconry, obsolete) Of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unplume"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"falconry",
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1723, Elijah Fenton, Mariamne",
"text": "They wou'd have plum'd his eagles on the field",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck."
],
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip#Verb"
],
[
"pluck",
"pluck#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unplume"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Smoke plumed from his pipe, then slowly settled towards the floor.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a dispersed substance such as dust or smoke: to fan out or spread in a cloud."
],
"links": [
[
"dispersed",
"dispersed#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"dust",
"dust#Noun"
],
[
"smoke",
"smoke#Noun"
],
[
"fan out",
"fan out"
],
[
"spread",
"spread#Verb"
],
[
"cloud",
"cloud#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) Of a dispersed substance such as dust or smoke: to fan out or spread in a cloud."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpluːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpljuːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈplum/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-plume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg/En-us-plume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/En-us-plume.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes, or as if with feathers or plumes",
"word": "emplumar"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to arrange and preen the feathers of",
"word": "sukia"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čístitʹ pjóryški",
"sense": "to arrange and preen the feathers of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чи́стить пёрышки"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to congratulate (oneself) proudly — see also self-congratulate",
"word": "rehvastella"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to congratulate (oneself) proudly — see also self-congratulate",
"word": "emplumar-se"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xvalítʹsja",
"sense": "to congratulate (oneself) proudly — see also self-congratulate",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "хвали́ться"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to fan out or spread in a cloud",
"word": "tupruta"
}
],
"word": "plume"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.