See heft on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "heftiness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hefty"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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"name": "glossary"
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"2": "enm",
"3": "heft",
"t": "heaviness; something heavy, a weight"
},
"expansion": "Middle English heft (“heaviness; something heavy, a weight”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
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"2": "weave"
},
"expansion": "English weave",
"name": "cog"
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"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
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"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
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],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Late Middle English heft (“heaviness; something heavy, a weight”), from heven (“to lift, raise; to make an effort to lift or raise, heave”) + -th (suffix denoting a condition, quality, state of being, etc., forming nouns), by analogy with the development of weft from weven (modern English weave), etc. (also compare words like cleft from cleave, and theft from thieve, where the development occurred in Old English or earlier languages). The English word is analysable as heave + -t (suffix forming nouns from verbs).\nThe verb is probably derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hefts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {
"1": "~"
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"expansion": "heft (countable and uncountable, plural hefts)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A high quality hammer should have good balance and heft.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1591, [Ludovico Ariosto], “The XXX. Booke”, in Iohn Haringtõ [i.e., John Harington], transl., Orlando Furioso in English Heroical Verse, […], London: […] Richard Field […], →OCLC, stanza 51, page 245, column 1:",
"text": "But Durindan at laſt fell vvith ſuch heft, / Full on the circle of Rogeros ſhield, / That halfe vvay through the Argent byrd it cleft, / And pierſt the core of male [i.e., mail] that vvas vvithin, / And found a paſſage to the verie skin.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888, Paul Cushing, “The Plateau Mine”, in The Blacksmith of Voe […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], published 1892, →OCLC, page 255:",
"text": "I pictured him doing violence to his better nature, and only wanting a good heft of circumstance to enable him to throw off his load of deviltry.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014 September 7, Natalie Angier, “The Moon comes around again [print version: Revisiting a moon that still has secrets to reveal: Supermoon revives interest in its violent origins and hidden face]”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-27:",
"text": "Unlike most moons of the solar system, ours has the heft to pull itself into a sphere.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 March 30, J[ames] B[ernard] MacKinnon, “An Entire Group of Whales has Somehow Escaped Human Attention”, in The Atlantic, Washington, D.C.: The Atlantic Monthly Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-05-15:",
"text": "The skull [of a Hubbs' beaked whale] was an awkward armload. Bizarrely, its size, shape, and long, narrow bill brought to mind the head of Big Bird from Sesame Street, but with none of bird-bone's lightness: It had heft and density.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The feel of the weight of something; heaviness."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-noun-NfeecZEl",
"links": [
[
"feel",
"feel#Noun"
],
[
"weight",
"weight#Noun"
],
[
"heaviness",
"heaviness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable)",
"The feel of the weight of something; heaviness."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "heftiness"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "49 15 20 10 2 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "feel of the weight of something — see also heaviness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "váha"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 15 20 10 2 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feel of the weight of something — see also heaviness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gewichtigheid"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 15 20 10 2 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "feel of the weight of something — see also heaviness",
"word": "paino"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 15 20 10 2 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "feel of the weight of something — see also heaviness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schwere"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 15 20 10 2 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjažestʹ",
"sense": "feel of the weight of something — see also heaviness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тяжесть"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 15 20 10 2 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "feel of the weight of something — see also heaviness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pesadez"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 15 20 10 2 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "feel of the weight of something — see also heaviness",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tyngd"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 40 2 1 29 21 2 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "2 38 2 1 14 36 2 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1859–1861, [Thomas Hughes], “Englebourn Village”, in Tom Brown at Oxford: […], part 1st, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, published 1861, →OCLC, page 302:",
"text": "The man had been carried out of the yard while the fire was still burning; […] Public opinion was much divided, some holding that it would go hard with a man of his age and heft; but the common belief seemed to be that he was of that sort \"as'd take a deal o'killin',\" and that he would be none the worse for such a fall as that.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888–1889, Maxwell Gray [pseudonym; Mary Gleed Tuttiett], “Light and Shade”, in The Reproach of Annesley. […], volume I, London: Kegan Paul, Trench & Co., […], published 1889, →OCLC, part III, page 260:",
"text": "\"Look at the heft of 'n [a baby],\" said the proud father, \"entirely drags ye down, Miss Sybil, 'e do.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter V, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC, pages 115–116:",
"text": "Of all the queer collections of humans outside of a crazy asylum, it seemed to me this sanitarium was the cup winner. […] When you're well enough off so's you don't have to fret about anything but your heft or your diseases you begin to get queer, I suppose.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The force exerted by an object due to gravitation; weight."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-noun-sAj81YuE",
"links": [
[
"force",
"force#Noun"
],
[
"exert",
"exert"
],
[
"object",
"object#Noun"
],
[
"gravitation",
"gravitation"
]
],
"qualifier": "dated except UK",
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable)",
"(dated except UK, dialectal and US) The force exerted by an object due to gravitation; weight."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 72 13 7 1 1 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tíha"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 13 7 1 1 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gewicht"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 13 7 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"word": "paino"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 13 7 1 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poids"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 13 7 1 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gewicht"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 13 7 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peso"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 13 7 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ves",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вес"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 13 7 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peso"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 13 7 1 1 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tyngd"
}
]
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1878, Harriet Beecher Stowe, “The Illumination”, in Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives, New York, N.Y.: Fords, Howard, & Hulbert, →OCLC, page 35:",
"text": "He's got a good voice, and reads well; but come to a sermon—wal, ain't no gret heft in't.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Graveness, seriousness; gravity."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-noun-DqeXaLH5",
"links": [
[
"Graveness",
"graveness"
],
[
"seriousness",
"seriousness"
],
[
"gravity",
"gravity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable)",
"(figurative) Graveness, seriousness; gravity."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017 April 10, Jonathan Freedland, “The new age of Ayn Rand: How she won over Trump and Silicon Valley”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-05-22:",
"text": "Put more baldly, the reason why Republicans and British Conservatives started giving each other copies of Atlas Shrugged in the 80s was that [Ayn] Rand seemed to grant intellectual heft to the prevailing ethos of the time.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Importance, influence; weight."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-noun-3PLUKHPi",
"links": [
[
"Importance",
"importance"
],
[
"influence",
"influence#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable)",
"(figurative) Importance, influence; weight."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
},
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"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1865, [Adeline Dutton Train Whitney], “The Secret at the Hartshornes”, in The Gayworthys: A Story of Threads and Thrums. […], Boston, Mass.: [A. K.] Loring, […], →OCLC, page 49:",
"text": "The turkey's nest was islanded with a fragrant swath,—the \"heft\" of the crop noted and rejoiced over,—[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC, page 7:",
"text": "He run to South America or somewheres, taking the heft of the firm's money with him.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The greater part of something; the bulk, the mass."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-noun-2OdcTVqq",
"links": [
[
"greater",
"great#Adjective"
],
[
"part",
"part#Noun"
],
[
"bulk",
"bulk#Noun"
],
[
"mass",
"mass#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable)",
"(US, informal, dated) The greater part of something; the bulk, the mass."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"dated",
"informal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
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"_dis": "2 38 2 1 14 36 2 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1882, R[ichard] D[oddridge] Blackmore, “Parson Short”, in Christowell. A Dartmoor Tale. […], volume I, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington, […], →OCLC, page 35:",
"text": "Deigning no answer, the sturdy parson seized the bigger of the two ash staves, and laying the butt of the other for a fulcrum, gave the stuck wheel such a powerful heft, that the whole cart rattled, and the crates began to dance.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888, Paul Cushing, “A Gust of the Soul and⸺”, in The Blacksmith of Voe […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], published 1892, →OCLC, page 189:",
"text": "It was a tremendous heft to raise the boat on to the wall and push it over, but somehow she managed it; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of lifting; a lift."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-noun-TtROA5eY",
"links": [
[
"act",
"act#Noun"
],
[
"lifting",
"lift#Verb"
],
[
"lift",
"lift#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"(UK, dialectal) An act of lifting; a lift."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"countable",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], page 282, column 1:",
"text": "[I]f one preſent / Th'abhor'd Ingredient [a spider in a drink] to his eye, make knovvne / Hovv he hath drunke, he cracks his gorge, his ſides / VVith violent Hefts: I haue drunke, and ſeene the Spider.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of heaving (lifting with difficulty); an instance of violent exertion or straining."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-noun-msMX80Dd",
"links": [
[
"heaving",
"heave#Verb"
],
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
],
[
"instance",
"instance#Noun"
],
[
"violent",
"violent"
],
[
"exertion",
"exertion"
],
[
"straining",
"straining#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"(obsolete) An act of heaving (lifting with difficulty); an instance of violent exertion or straining."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg/En-us-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "haft"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "heft",
"t": "heaviness; something heavy, a weight"
},
"expansion": "Middle English heft (“heaviness; something heavy, a weight”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
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{
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"2": "weave"
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"expansion": "English weave",
"name": "cog"
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{
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},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "¹",
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{
"args": {
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],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Late Middle English heft (“heaviness; something heavy, a weight”), from heven (“to lift, raise; to make an effort to lift or raise, heave”) + -th (suffix denoting a condition, quality, state of being, etc., forming nouns), by analogy with the development of weft from weven (modern English weave), etc. (also compare words like cleft from cleave, and theft from thieve, where the development occurred in Old English or earlier languages). The English word is analysable as heave + -t (suffix forming nouns from verbs).\nThe verb is probably derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hefts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hefting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hefted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hefted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
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"expansion": "heft (third-person singular simple present hefts, present participle hefting, simple past and past participle hefted)",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "UK",
"3": "dialectal",
"4": "and",
"5": "US",
"6": "informal"
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"expansion": "(UK, dialectal and US, informal)",
"name": "term-label"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He hefted the sack of concrete into the truck.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1882, Richard Jefferies, “Shooting with Double-barrels”, in Bevis: The Story of a Boy […], volume III, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, […], →OCLC, page 254:",
"text": "[…] Bevis was to \"heft\" his gun to the shoulder, and only to press it there sufficiently to feel that the butt touched him.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888, Paul Cushing, “A Witness Tells His Tale”, in The Blacksmith of Voe […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], published 1892, →OCLC, page 176:",
"text": "I'd say, put irons on his shackles (wrists), a omber (horse-collar) o' hemp around his neck, sit him on a dung-cart, and drive him aneath th' tawest whoke-tree (oak-tree) in the parish, throw th' t'other end of th' hemp o'er a good stout limb, and let every honest man in Voe lend a hand to heft th' rogue into th' air.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1912, Robert W[illiam] Service, “Athabaska Dick”, in Rhymes of a Rolling Stone, Toronto, Ont.: William Briggs, →OCLC, stanza 1, page 46:",
"text": "And here they must make the long portage, and the boys sweat in the sun; / And they heft and pack, and they haul and track, and each must do his trick; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1932, William Faulkner, chapter 14, in Light in August, [New York, N.Y.]: Harrison Smith & Robert Haas, →OCLC; republished London: Chatto & Windus, 1933, →OCLC, page 308:",
"text": "[H]e found that he was hefting the bench leg, curiously, as though trying its balance, as if he had never touched it before.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To lift or lift up (something, especially a heavy object)."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-verb-Av533Nz6",
"links": [
[
"lift",
"lift#Verb"
],
[
"lift up",
"lift up"
],
[
"heavy",
"heavy#Adjective"
],
[
"object",
"object#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To lift or lift up (something, especially a heavy object)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hoist"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zvedat"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zvednout"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "heffen"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "hijsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "opheffen"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "optillen"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "tillen"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "nostaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "hisser"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "levar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "sollevare"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "ridica"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podnimátʹ",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "поднима́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podnjátʹ",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "подня́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pidijmáty",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "підійма́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pidnimáty",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "підніма́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pidnjáty",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "підня́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 3 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pidijnjáty",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "підійня́ти"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1894, R[ichard] D[oddridge] Blackmore, “The Potato-field”, in Perlycross: A Tale of the Western Hills, London: Sampson Low, Marston, & Company […], →OCLC, page 58:",
"text": "[H]e took up a root or two [potatoes] here and there, and \"hefted it,\" (that is to say, poised it carefully to judge the weight, as one does a letter for the post) and then stroked the sleek skin lovingly, and put it down gingerly for fear of any bruise.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To test the weight of (something) by lifting."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-verb-K3d3kHAg",
"links": [
[
"test",
"test#Verb"
],
[
"weight",
"weight#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To test the weight of (something) by lifting."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1878, Harriet Beecher Stowe, “The Illumination”, in Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives, New York, N.Y.: Fords, Howard, & Hulbert, →OCLC, pages 34–35:",
"text": "Sim's ben to college, and he's putty smart and chipper. Come to heft him, tho', he don't weigh much 'longside o' Parson Cushing.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To test the weight of (something) by lifting.",
"To evaluate or test (someone or something)."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-verb-mHsf6tD-",
"links": [
[
"test",
"test#Verb"
],
[
"weight",
"weight#Noun"
],
[
"evaluate",
"evaluate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To test the weight of (something) by lifting.",
"(figurative) To evaluate or test (someone or something)."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"figuratively",
"informal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1893, Charlotte M[ary] Yonge, “The Hoard”, in The Treasures in the Marshes, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Thomas Whittaker, […], →OCLC, page 12:",
"text": "\"[I]t's yellow! is it gold?\" / \"My!\" exclaimed his mother, weighing it in her hand, \"I do believe it is. Brass never would heft so much, and would be green. Bless me, Wat, this is a find! Where ever did you come by it? In the gutters, do you say?\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have (substantial) weight; to weigh."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-verb-kSrWAv6f",
"links": [
[
"substantial",
"substantial#Adjective"
],
[
"weigh",
"weigh#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To have (substantial) weight; to weigh."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg/En-us-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 48 48 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to test the weight of (something) by lifting",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "potěžkávat"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 48 48 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to test the weight of (something) by lifting",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "potěžkat"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 48 48 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to test the weight of (something) by lifting",
"word": "wegen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 48 48 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to test the weight of (something) by lifting",
"word": "wikken"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 48 48 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to test the weight of (something) by lifting",
"word": "punnita"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "heave",
"3": "-t",
"pos2": "suffix forming the past and/or past participle forms of verbs"
},
"expansion": "heave + -t (suffix forming the past and/or past participle forms of verbs)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From heave + -t (suffix forming the past and/or past participle forms of verbs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "heft",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -t",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "heave"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of heave"
],
"id": "en-heft-en-verb-EL2pF4Xu",
"links": [
[
"heave",
"heave#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) simple past and past participle of heave"
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"form-of",
"informal",
"obsolete",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg/En-us-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "heft"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hefð",
"t": "occupation; possession; prescriptive right"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hefð (“occupation; possession; prescriptive right”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habjaną",
"t": "to have; to hold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have; to hold”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"4": "*kap-, *keh₂p-",
"5": "to hold; to seize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kap-, *keh₂p- (“to hold; to seize”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "heft",
"t": "to cause (cattle or sheep) to become familiar with a pasture; of animals: to become familiar with a pasture; (figurative) of a person: to become settled in an occupation or place"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft (“to cause (cattle or sheep) to become familiar with a pasture; of animals: to become familiar with a pasture; (figurative) of a person: to become settled in an occupation or place”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hefða",
"t": "to acquire prescriptive rights"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hefða (“to acquire prescriptive rights”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "heft",
"t": "(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft (“(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is borrowed from Scots heft, haft (“pasture which sheep are familiar with; attachment of sheep to a pasture; number of sheep grazing on such a pasture; (obsolete) place of residence; situation”), probably from Old Norse hefð (“occupation; possession; prescriptive right”), from hafa (“to have; to keep, retain”), from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have; to hold”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap-, *keh₂p- (“to hold; to seize”).\nThe verb is borrowed from Scots heft (“to cause (cattle or sheep) to become familiar with a pasture; of animals: to become familiar with a pasture; (figurative) of a person: to become settled in an occupation or place”), probably from Old Norse hefða (“to acquire prescriptive rights”), from hefð (noun): see above.\nBoth the noun and verb may have been influenced by Scots heft (“(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hefts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "heft (plural hefts)",
"name": "en-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Northern England",
"3": "Scotland",
"4": "agriculture"
},
"expansion": "(Northern England, Scotland, agriculture)",
"name": "term-label"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 9 1 3 2 1 12 12 13 1 2 1 1 1 2 11 1 1 1 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 15 1 1 1 1 14 12 10 1 3 1 1 2 2 11 2 2 2 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 5 11 2 4 4 2 11 10 10 2 3 1 1 2 2 10 2 2 2 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 30 30 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern England English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 27 7 6 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "en:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter VI, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 147:",
"text": "[S]he came to fetch her [bairn] out of ill haft and waur guiding.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of pastureland which farm animals (chiefly cattle or sheep) have become accustomed to."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-noun-BHBeChf-",
"links": [
[
"piece",
"piece#Noun"
],
[
"pastureland",
"pastureland"
],
[
"farm animal",
"farm animal"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"accustom",
"accustom"
]
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "56 44",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of pastureland which farm animals have become accustomed to",
"word": "tuttu laidun"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 9 1 3 2 1 12 12 13 1 2 1 1 1 2 11 1 1 1 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 15 1 1 1 1 14 12 10 1 3 1 1 2 2 11 2 2 2 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 5 11 2 4 4 2 11 10 10 2 3 1 1 2 2 10 2 2 2 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 30 30 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern England English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 27 7 6 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "en:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A flock or group of farm animals (chiefly cattle or sheep) which have become accustomed to a particular piece of pastureland."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-noun-qdhawkEu",
"links": [
[
"flock",
"flock#Noun"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "43 57",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "flock or group of farm animals which have become accustomed to a particular piece of pastureland",
"word": "laitumen totutelleet eläimet"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg/En-us-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "haft"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "heft"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hefð",
"t": "occupation; possession; prescriptive right"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hefð (“occupation; possession; prescriptive right”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habjaną",
"t": "to have; to hold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have; to hold”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"4": "*kap-, *keh₂p-",
"5": "to hold; to seize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kap-, *keh₂p- (“to hold; to seize”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "heft",
"t": "to cause (cattle or sheep) to become familiar with a pasture; of animals: to become familiar with a pasture; (figurative) of a person: to become settled in an occupation or place"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft (“to cause (cattle or sheep) to become familiar with a pasture; of animals: to become familiar with a pasture; (figurative) of a person: to become settled in an occupation or place”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hefða",
"t": "to acquire prescriptive rights"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hefða (“to acquire prescriptive rights”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "heft",
"t": "(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft (“(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is borrowed from Scots heft, haft (“pasture which sheep are familiar with; attachment of sheep to a pasture; number of sheep grazing on such a pasture; (obsolete) place of residence; situation”), probably from Old Norse hefð (“occupation; possession; prescriptive right”), from hafa (“to have; to keep, retain”), from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have; to hold”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap-, *keh₂p- (“to hold; to seize”).\nThe verb is borrowed from Scots heft (“to cause (cattle or sheep) to become familiar with a pasture; of animals: to become familiar with a pasture; (figurative) of a person: to become settled in an occupation or place”), probably from Old Norse hefða (“to acquire prescriptive rights”), from hefð (noun): see above.\nBoth the noun and verb may have been influenced by Scots heft (“(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hefts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hefting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hefted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hefted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "heft (third-person singular simple present hefts, present participle hefting, simple past and past participle hefted)",
"name": "en-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Northern England",
"3": "Scotland"
},
"expansion": "(Northern England, Scotland)",
"name": "term-label"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "en:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 9 1 3 2 1 12 12 13 1 2 1 1 1 2 11 1 1 1 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 15 1 1 1 1 14 12 10 1 3 1 1 2 2 11 2 2 2 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 5 11 2 4 4 2 11 10 10 2 3 1 1 2 2 10 2 2 2 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 30 30 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern England English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 27 7 6 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "en:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1898, S[amuel] R[utherford] Crockett, “The Year Terrible”, in The Standard Bearer, London: Methuen and Co. […], →OCLC, page 6:",
"text": "For I had been \"hefting\" (as the business is called in our Galloway land) a double score of lambs which had just been brought from a neighbouring lowland farm to summer upon our scanty upland pastures. Now it is the nature of sheep to return if they can to their mother-hill, or, at least, to stray farther and farther off, seeking some well-known landmark. So, till such new-comers grow satisfied and \"heft\" (or attach) themselves to the soil, they must be watched carefully both night and day.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To accustom (a flock or group of farm animals, chiefly cattle or sheep) to a piece of pastureland."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-verb-XNSlYMPN",
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"accustom",
"accustom"
],
[
"flock",
"flock#Noun"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
],
[
"farm animal",
"farm animal"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
],
[
"piece",
"piece#Noun"
],
[
"pastureland",
"pastureland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(agriculture) To accustom (a flock or group of farm animals, chiefly cattle or sheep) to a piece of pastureland."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 2 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to accustom (a flock or group of farm animals) to a piece of pastureland",
"word": "totutella"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1824 June, [Walter Scott], “Letter IX. Alexander Fairford, W.S. to Mr Darsie Latimer.”, in Redgauntlet, […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, page 193:",
"text": "[I]t may be as well that Alan and you do not meet till he is hefted as it were to his new calling.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To establish or settle (someone) in an occupation or place of residence."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-verb-csK8v8-4",
"links": [
[
"establish",
"establish"
],
[
"settle",
"settle#Verb"
],
[
"occupation",
"occupation"
],
[
"place",
"place#Noun"
],
[
"residence",
"residence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative)",
"To establish or settle (someone) in an occupation or place of residence."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"figuratively",
"informal",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] I had heard him say, that the root of the matter was more deeply hefted in that wild moorland parish than in the Canongate of Edinburgh.",
"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter II, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume IV, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 28:",
"text": "[…] I hae heard him say, that the root of the matter was mair deeply hafted in that wild muirland parish than in the Canogate of Edinburgh.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To establish or plant (something) firmly in a place; to fix, to root, to settle."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-verb-Iu6uz~N1",
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant#Verb"
],
[
"firmly",
"firmly"
],
[
"fix",
"fix#Verb"
],
[
"root",
"root#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative)",
"To establish or plant (something) firmly in a place; to fix, to root, to settle."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"figuratively",
"informal",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Of a thing: to establish or settle itself in a place."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-verb-nODZJxzU",
"links": [
[
"thing",
"thing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, reflexive) Of a thing: to establish or settle itself in a place."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal",
"intransitive",
"reflexive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg/En-us-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "haft"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"id": "seize"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "heft"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "4"
},
"expansion": "⁴",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hepta",
"t": "to bind; to hinder, impede; to hold back, restrain"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hepta (“to bind; to hinder, impede; to hold back, restrain”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haftijaną",
"t": "to bind; to secure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haftijaną (“to bind; to secure”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"t": "to hold, seize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“to hold, seize”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "4"
},
"expansion": "⁴",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Scots heft, from Old Norse hepta (“to bind; to hinder, impede; to hold back, restrain”), from Proto-Germanic *haftijaną (“to bind; to secure”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“to hold, seize”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hefts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hefting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hefted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hefted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "heft (third-person singular simple present hefts, present participle hefting, simple past and past participle hefted)",
"name": "en-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "transitive",
"3": "chiefly",
"4": "Scotland",
"5": "usually",
"6": "passive voice"
},
"expansion": "(transitive, chiefly Scotland, usually passive voice)",
"name": "term-label"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "en:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1844, Henry Stephens, “Of Cows Calving, and of Calves”, in The Book of the Farm, […], volume II, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, paragraph 2106, page 460:",
"text": "You also see the impropriety of hefting or holding the milk in cows until the udder is distended much beyond its ordinary size, for the sake of shewing its utmost capacity for holding milk, a device which all cow-dealers, and indeed every one who has a cow for sale in a market, scrupulously uses. […] [E]very farmer is surely aware, or ought to be aware, that the person who purchases a hefted cow on account of the magnitude of its udder exhibited in the market, gains nothing by the device; because, when the cow comes into his possession, she will never be hefted, and, of course, never shew the greatest magnitude of udder, and never, of course, confer the benefit for which she was bought in preference to others with udders in a more natural state. If, then, purchasers derive no benefit from hefting, because they do not allow hefting, why do they encourage so cruel and afterwards injurious practice in dealers?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1922, Patrick MacGill, “The Inaugural Dinner”, in Lanty Hanlon: A Comedy of Irish Life, Dingle, Co. Kerry, Ireland: Brandon Book Publishers, published 1983, →ISBN, section III, page 259:",
"text": "The heavy udders of hefted cows trailed on the ground, dripping milk on the greensward. Stray cattle ate the rich grass.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (milk) to be held in a cow's udder until the latter becomes hard and swollen, either by not milking the cow or by stopping up the teats, to make the cow look healthy; also, to cause (a cow) to have an udder in this condition."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-verb-6iEMchRz",
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"cause",
"cause#Verb"
],
[
"milk",
"milk#Noun"
],
[
"held",
"hold#Verb"
],
[
"cow",
"cow#Noun"
],
[
"udder",
"udder"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"hard",
"hard#Adjective"
],
[
"swollen",
"swollen#Adjective"
],
[
"milking",
"milk#Verb"
],
[
"stopping up",
"stop up"
],
[
"teat",
"teat"
],
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"look",
"look#Verb"
],
[
"healthy",
"healthy"
],
[
"condition",
"condition#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(agriculture) To cause (milk) to be held in a cow's udder until the latter becomes hard and swollen, either by not milking the cow or by stopping up the teats, to make the cow look healthy; also, to cause (a cow) to have an udder in this condition."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To cause (urine) to be held in a person's bladder."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-verb-Ny4~Ini2",
"links": [
[
"urine",
"urine"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"bladder",
"bladder"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) To cause (urine) to be held in a person's bladder."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"broadly",
"dialectal",
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "36 64",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause (urine) to be held in a person’s bladder",
"word": "pidätellä"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg/En-us-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause (milk) to be held in a cow’s udder until the latter becomes hard and swollen",
"word": "jättää lypsämättä"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Heft",
"t": "issue of a serial publication, number; magazine; notebook; notepad"
},
"expansion": "German Heft (“issue of a serial publication, number; magazine; notebook; notepad”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "back-formation"
},
"expansion": "back-formation",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haftijaną",
"t": "to bind; to secure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haftijaną (“to bind; to secure”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Heft (“issue of a serial publication, number; magazine; notebook; notepad”), a back-formation from heften (“to fasten”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *haftijaną (“to bind; to secure”): see further at etymology 4.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hefts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "heft (plural hefts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 9 1 3 2 1 12 12 13 1 2 1 1 1 2 11 1 1 1 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 5 11 2 4 4 2 11 10 10 2 3 1 1 2 2 10 2 2 2 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of sheets of paper fastened together, as to form a book or a notebook."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-noun-5QgU3rdF",
"links": [
[
"number",
"number#Noun"
],
[
"sheets",
"sheet#Noun"
],
[
"paper",
"paper#Noun"
],
[
"fasten",
"fasten"
],
[
"form",
"form#Verb"
],
[
"book",
"book#Noun"
],
[
"notebook",
"notebook"
]
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "number of sheets of paper fastened together",
"word": "nidos"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1900 January 25, “Notes”, in The Nation, volume 70, number 1804, New York, N.Y.: Nation Associates, →ISSN, →OCLC, page LXX, column 1:",
"text": "Such an organ is now to be published by the house of J[oseph] Ricker, in Giessen, Ephemeris für Semitische Epigraphik, edited by Dr. Mark Lidzbarki.^([sic]) […] The size of the \"hefts\" will depend on the material requiring attention, and the annual volume is to cost about 15 marks.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A part of a serial publication; a fascicle, an issue, a number."
],
"id": "en-heft-en-noun-bGXmDq7Y",
"links": [
[
"part",
"part#Noun"
],
[
"serial",
"serial#Adjective"
],
[
"publication",
"publication"
],
[
"fascicle",
"fascicle"
],
[
"issue",
"issue#Noun"
],
[
"number",
"number#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg/En-us-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "het heft in eigen handen nemen"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "hefte"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch hefte",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*hefti"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *hefti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*haftī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *haftī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haftiją"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haftiją",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch hefte, from Old Dutch *hefti, from Proto-West Germanic *haftī, from Proto-Germanic *haftiją. Forms with -cht- were dominant in Middle Dutch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "heften",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "heftje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "heft n (plural heften, diminutive heftje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"heft"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"handle of a knife or other tool, haft, hilt"
],
"id": "en-heft-nl-noun-ViZESVRU",
"links": [
[
"handle",
"handle"
],
[
"haft",
"haft"
],
[
"hilt",
"hilt"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "She runs the show here.",
"text": "Zij heeft hier het heft in handen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"control, charge"
],
"id": "en-heft-nl-noun-TsIKhtx8",
"links": [
[
"control",
"control"
]
],
"qualifier": "metaphor",
"raw_glosses": [
"(metaphor, used absolutely: het heft) control, charge"
],
"raw_tags": [
"used absolutely"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gevest"
},
{
"word": "handgreep"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɦɛft/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/Nl-heft.ogg/Nl-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Nl-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hecht"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "heft",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"heft"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 7 0 2 2 4 0 1 0 0 6 6 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 4 4 8 8 7 4 1 6 6 6 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 73 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "heffen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of heffen:",
"second/third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-heft-nl-verb--ZBSRLoz",
"links": [
[
"heffen",
"heffen#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "heffen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of heffen:",
"plural imperative"
],
"id": "en-heft-nl-verb-GpYx8Wt4",
"links": [
[
"heffen",
"heffen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of heffen:",
"(archaic) plural imperative"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɦɛft/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/Nl-heft.ogg/Nl-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Nl-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "de",
"3": "Heft"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Heft",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Heft.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "heftk",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "herfcëk",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "csb-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hëft",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftóm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hëft",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftã",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hëfce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hëft",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hëfce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"dim": "heftk",
"dim2": "herfcëk"
},
"expansion": "heft m inan (diminutive heftk or herfcëk)",
"name": "csb-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"heft"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hëft",
"10": "hëftóm",
"11": "hëftë",
"12": "hëftama",
"13": "hëftach",
"14": "hëftë",
"2": "hëftu",
"3": "hëftowi",
"4": "hëft",
"5": "hëftã",
"6": "hëfce",
"7": "hëft/hëfce",
"8": "hëftë",
"9": "hëftów"
},
"name": "csb-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 5 1 2 2 4 1 1 1 1 5 5 5 1 1 0 0 1 1 5 1 0 0 4 4 10 9 9 3 1 5 5 5 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 7 0 2 2 4 0 1 0 0 6 6 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 4 4 8 8 7 4 1 6 6 6 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"notebook"
],
"id": "en-heft-csb-noun-tTvPkZ8k",
"links": [
[
"notebook",
"notebook"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zesziwk"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɛft/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "heft"
},
"expansion": "English: heft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: heft"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "heifteen",
"alts": "1",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Yola: heifteen, heiftem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Yola: heifteen, heiftem"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From heven, on the model of weven and weft.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "heftis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "heft",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "heftis"
},
"expansion": "heft (plural heftis)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 5 1 2 2 4 1 1 1 1 5 5 5 1 1 0 0 1 1 5 1 0 0 4 4 10 9 9 3 1 5 5 5 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 7 0 2 2 4 0 1 0 0 6 6 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 4 4 8 8 7 4 1 6 6 6 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"weight"
],
"id": "en-heft-enm-noun-CETfj-6e",
"links": [
[
"weight",
"weight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Middle English, rare) weight"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hefte"
}
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*haptá"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *haptá",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*saptá"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *saptá",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*septḿ̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬵𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬀 (hapta)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "هفت",
"tr": "haft"
},
"expansion": "Persian هفت (haft)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "авд"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian авд (avd)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "اووه",
"tr": "uwə"
},
"expansion": "Pashto اووه (uwə)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Iranian *haptá, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *saptá, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥. Compare Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬀 (hapta), Persian هفت (haft), Ossetian авд (avd), Pashto اووه (uwə).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "numeral"
},
"expansion": "heft",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"name": "Northern Kurdish cardinal numbers",
"parents": [
"Cardinal numbers",
"Numbers",
"All topics",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 5 1 2 2 4 1 1 1 1 5 5 5 1 1 0 0 1 1 5 1 0 0 4 4 10 9 9 3 1 5 5 5 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 7 0 2 2 4 0 1 0 0 6 6 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 4 4 8 8 7 4 1 6 6 6 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"seven"
],
"id": "en-heft-kmr-num-O6jQKxb9",
"links": [
[
"seven",
"seven"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ħæft/"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*keh₂p-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the verb hefte.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "heftet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "heft",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hefta",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"encumberment"
],
"id": "en-heft-nn-noun-795i~M26",
"links": [
[
"encumberment",
"encumberment"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*keh₂p-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the verb hefte.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "heft",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "hefta"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of hefta"
],
"id": "en-heft-nn-verb-MUEackC1",
"links": [
[
"hefta",
"hefta#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"id": "seize"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "non",
"3": "hefð",
"t": "occupation; possession; prescriptive right"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hefð (“occupation; possession; prescriptive right”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habjaną",
"t": "to have; to hold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have; to hold”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"4": "*kap-, *keh₂p-",
"5": "to hold; to seize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kap-, *keh₂p- (“to hold; to seize”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "non",
"3": "hefða",
"t": "to acquire prescriptive rights"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hefða (“to acquire prescriptive rights”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "heft",
"t": "(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft (“(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is probably derived from Old Norse hefð (“occupation; possession; prescriptive right”), from hafa (“to have; to keep, retain”), from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have; to hold”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap-, *keh₂p- (“to hold; to seize”).\nThe verb is probably derived from Old Norse hefða (“to acquire prescriptive rights”), from hefð (noun): see above.\nBoth the noun and verb may have been influenced by Scots heft (“(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "heft",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "agriculture"
},
"expansion": "(agriculture)",
"name": "term-label"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 30 28 4 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
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},
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"_dis": "28 28 27 7 6 5",
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{
"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter VI, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume II (in English), Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 147:",
"text": "[S]he came to fetch her [bairn] out of ill haft and waur guiding.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of pastureland which farm animals (chiefly cattle or sheep) have become accustomed to."
],
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[
"piece",
"piece#Noun"
],
[
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"pastureland"
],
[
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"farm animal"
],
[
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"cattle"
],
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
],
[
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"become"
],
[
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"accustom"
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"lifestyle"
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},
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"Entry maintenance"
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},
{
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"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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],
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"links": [
[
"flock",
"flock#Noun"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
]
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
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{
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"word": "haft"
}
],
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}
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},
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},
{
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],
"etymology_text": "The noun is probably derived from Old Norse hefð (“occupation; possession; prescriptive right”), from hafa (“to have; to keep, retain”), from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have; to hold”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap-, *keh₂p- (“to hold; to seize”).\nThe verb is probably derived from Old Norse hefða (“to acquire prescriptive rights”), from hefð (noun): see above.\nBoth the noun and verb may have been influenced by Scots heft (“(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle”).",
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{
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"tags": [
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"singular",
"third-person"
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},
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"present"
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},
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"head": ""
},
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},
{
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}
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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],
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"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
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"accustom"
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[
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[
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],
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],
"topics": [
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"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
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"To establish or settle (someone) in an occupation or place of residence."
],
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[
"establish",
"establish"
],
[
"settle",
"settle#Verb"
],
[
"occupation",
"occupation"
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[
"place",
"place#Noun"
],
[
"residence",
"residence"
]
],
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"(transitive)",
"(figurative)",
"To establish or settle (someone) in an occupation or place of residence."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] I had heard him say, that the root of the matter was more deeply hefted in that wild moorland parish than in the Canongate of Edinburgh.",
"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter II, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume IV (in English), Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 28:",
"text": "[…] I hae heard him say, that the root of the matter was mair deeply hafted in that wild muirland parish than in the Canogate of Edinburgh.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To establish or plant (something) firmly in a place; to fix, to root, to settle."
],
"id": "en-heft-sco-verb-Iu6uz~N1",
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant#Verb"
],
[
"firmly",
"firmly"
],
[
"fix",
"fix#Verb"
],
[
"root",
"root#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative)",
"To establish or plant (something) firmly in a place; to fix, to root, to settle."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Of a thing: to establish or settle itself in a place."
],
"id": "en-heft-sco-verb-nODZJxzU",
"links": [
[
"thing",
"thing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, reflexive) Of a thing: to establish or settle itself in a place."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"reflexive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "haft"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
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"Dutch verb forms",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɛft",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɛft/1 syllable",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "het heft in eigen handen nemen"
}
],
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},
{
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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{
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haftiją"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haftiją",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch hefte, from Old Dutch *hefti, from Proto-West Germanic *haftī, from Proto-Germanic *haftiją. Forms with -cht- were dominant in Middle Dutch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "heften",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
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"neuter"
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}
],
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"3": "+"
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}
],
"hyphenation": [
"heft"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"handle of a knife or other tool, haft, hilt"
],
"links": [
[
"handle",
"handle"
],
[
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"haft"
],
[
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"hilt"
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],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "She runs the show here.",
"text": "Zij heeft hier het heft in handen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"control, charge"
],
"links": [
[
"control",
"control"
]
],
"qualifier": "metaphor",
"raw_glosses": [
"(metaphor, used absolutely: het heft) control, charge"
],
"raw_tags": [
"used absolutely"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gevest"
},
{
"word": "handgreep"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
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"ipa": "/ɦɛft/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-heft.ogg",
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{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hecht"
}
],
"word": "heft"
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"Dutch verb forms",
"Pages with 7 entries",
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"sco:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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"args": {},
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"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
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"head_templates": [
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"2": "verb form"
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"expansion": "heft",
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}
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],
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"word": "heffen"
}
],
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],
"links": [
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],
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"word": "heffen"
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],
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"plural imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"heffen",
"heffen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of heffen:",
"(archaic) plural imperative"
],
"tags": [
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"imperative",
"plural"
]
}
],
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"rhymes": "-ɛft"
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],
"word": "heft"
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{
"categories": [
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"British English",
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"English dialectal terms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English informal terms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛft",
"Rhymes:English/ɛft/1 syllable",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "heftiness"
},
{
"word": "hefty"
}
],
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"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
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"3": "heft",
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},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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},
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"name": "glossary"
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},
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"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
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"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Late Middle English heft (“heaviness; something heavy, a weight”), from heven (“to lift, raise; to make an effort to lift or raise, heave”) + -th (suffix denoting a condition, quality, state of being, etc., forming nouns), by analogy with the development of weft from weven (modern English weave), etc. (also compare words like cleft from cleave, and theft from thieve, where the development occurred in Old English or earlier languages). The English word is analysable as heave + -t (suffix forming nouns from verbs).\nThe verb is probably derived from the noun.",
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"form": "hefts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
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"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A high quality hammer should have good balance and heft.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1591, [Ludovico Ariosto], “The XXX. Booke”, in Iohn Haringtõ [i.e., John Harington], transl., Orlando Furioso in English Heroical Verse, […], London: […] Richard Field […], →OCLC, stanza 51, page 245, column 1:",
"text": "But Durindan at laſt fell vvith ſuch heft, / Full on the circle of Rogeros ſhield, / That halfe vvay through the Argent byrd it cleft, / And pierſt the core of male [i.e., mail] that vvas vvithin, / And found a paſſage to the verie skin.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888, Paul Cushing, “The Plateau Mine”, in The Blacksmith of Voe […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], published 1892, →OCLC, page 255:",
"text": "I pictured him doing violence to his better nature, and only wanting a good heft of circumstance to enable him to throw off his load of deviltry.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014 September 7, Natalie Angier, “The Moon comes around again [print version: Revisiting a moon that still has secrets to reveal: Supermoon revives interest in its violent origins and hidden face]”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-27:",
"text": "Unlike most moons of the solar system, ours has the heft to pull itself into a sphere.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 March 30, J[ames] B[ernard] MacKinnon, “An Entire Group of Whales has Somehow Escaped Human Attention”, in The Atlantic, Washington, D.C.: The Atlantic Monthly Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-05-15:",
"text": "The skull [of a Hubbs' beaked whale] was an awkward armload. Bizarrely, its size, shape, and long, narrow bill brought to mind the head of Big Bird from Sesame Street, but with none of bird-bone's lightness: It had heft and density.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The feel of the weight of something; heaviness."
],
"links": [
[
"feel",
"feel#Noun"
],
[
"weight",
"weight#Noun"
],
[
"heaviness",
"heaviness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable)",
"The feel of the weight of something; heaviness."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "heftiness"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"British English",
"English dated terms",
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1859–1861, [Thomas Hughes], “Englebourn Village”, in Tom Brown at Oxford: […], part 1st, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, published 1861, →OCLC, page 302:",
"text": "The man had been carried out of the yard while the fire was still burning; […] Public opinion was much divided, some holding that it would go hard with a man of his age and heft; but the common belief seemed to be that he was of that sort \"as'd take a deal o'killin',\" and that he would be none the worse for such a fall as that.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888–1889, Maxwell Gray [pseudonym; Mary Gleed Tuttiett], “Light and Shade”, in The Reproach of Annesley. […], volume I, London: Kegan Paul, Trench & Co., […], published 1889, →OCLC, part III, page 260:",
"text": "\"Look at the heft of 'n [a baby],\" said the proud father, \"entirely drags ye down, Miss Sybil, 'e do.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter V, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC, pages 115–116:",
"text": "Of all the queer collections of humans outside of a crazy asylum, it seemed to me this sanitarium was the cup winner. […] When you're well enough off so's you don't have to fret about anything but your heft or your diseases you begin to get queer, I suppose.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The force exerted by an object due to gravitation; weight."
],
"links": [
[
"force",
"force#Noun"
],
[
"exert",
"exert"
],
[
"object",
"object#Noun"
],
[
"gravitation",
"gravitation"
]
],
"qualifier": "dated except UK",
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable)",
"(dated except UK, dialectal and US) The force exerted by an object due to gravitation; weight."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1878, Harriet Beecher Stowe, “The Illumination”, in Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives, New York, N.Y.: Fords, Howard, & Hulbert, →OCLC, page 35:",
"text": "He's got a good voice, and reads well; but come to a sermon—wal, ain't no gret heft in't.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Graveness, seriousness; gravity."
],
"links": [
[
"Graveness",
"graveness"
],
[
"seriousness",
"seriousness"
],
[
"gravity",
"gravity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable)",
"(figurative) Graveness, seriousness; gravity."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017 April 10, Jonathan Freedland, “The new age of Ayn Rand: How she won over Trump and Silicon Valley”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-05-22:",
"text": "Put more baldly, the reason why Republicans and British Conservatives started giving each other copies of Atlas Shrugged in the 80s was that [Ayn] Rand seemed to grant intellectual heft to the prevailing ethos of the time.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Importance, influence; weight."
],
"links": [
[
"Importance",
"importance"
],
[
"influence",
"influence#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable)",
"(figurative) Importance, influence; weight."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English dated terms",
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1865, [Adeline Dutton Train Whitney], “The Secret at the Hartshornes”, in The Gayworthys: A Story of Threads and Thrums. […], Boston, Mass.: [A. K.] Loring, […], →OCLC, page 49:",
"text": "The turkey's nest was islanded with a fragrant swath,—the \"heft\" of the crop noted and rejoiced over,—[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC, page 7:",
"text": "He run to South America or somewheres, taking the heft of the firm's money with him.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The greater part of something; the bulk, the mass."
],
"links": [
[
"greater",
"great#Adjective"
],
[
"part",
"part#Noun"
],
[
"bulk",
"bulk#Noun"
],
[
"mass",
"mass#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable)",
"(US, informal, dated) The greater part of something; the bulk, the mass."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"dated",
"informal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English countable nouns",
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1882, R[ichard] D[oddridge] Blackmore, “Parson Short”, in Christowell. A Dartmoor Tale. […], volume I, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington, […], →OCLC, page 35:",
"text": "Deigning no answer, the sturdy parson seized the bigger of the two ash staves, and laying the butt of the other for a fulcrum, gave the stuck wheel such a powerful heft, that the whole cart rattled, and the crates began to dance.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888, Paul Cushing, “A Gust of the Soul and⸺”, in The Blacksmith of Voe […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], published 1892, →OCLC, page 189:",
"text": "It was a tremendous heft to raise the boat on to the wall and push it over, but somehow she managed it; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of lifting; a lift."
],
"links": [
[
"act",
"act#Noun"
],
[
"lifting",
"lift#Verb"
],
[
"lift",
"lift#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"(UK, dialectal) An act of lifting; a lift."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"countable",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], page 282, column 1:",
"text": "[I]f one preſent / Th'abhor'd Ingredient [a spider in a drink] to his eye, make knovvne / Hovv he hath drunke, he cracks his gorge, his ſides / VVith violent Hefts: I haue drunke, and ſeene the Spider.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of heaving (lifting with difficulty); an instance of violent exertion or straining."
],
"links": [
[
"heaving",
"heave#Verb"
],
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
],
[
"instance",
"instance#Noun"
],
[
"violent",
"violent"
],
[
"exertion",
"exertion"
],
[
"straining",
"straining#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable)",
"(obsolete) An act of heaving (lifting with difficulty); an instance of violent exertion or straining."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg/En-us-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "haft"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "feel of the weight of something — see also heaviness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "váha"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feel of the weight of something — see also heaviness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gewichtigheid"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "feel of the weight of something — see also heaviness",
"word": "paino"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "feel of the weight of something — see also heaviness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schwere"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjažestʹ",
"sense": "feel of the weight of something — see also heaviness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тяжесть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "feel of the weight of something — see also heaviness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pesadez"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "feel of the weight of something — see also heaviness",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tyngd"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tíha"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gewicht"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"word": "paino"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poids"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gewicht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peso"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ves",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вес"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peso"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "force exerted by an object due to gravitation — see also weight",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tyngd"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"British English",
"English countable nouns",
"English dialectal terms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English informal terms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛft",
"Rhymes:English/ɛft/1 syllable",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "heft",
"t": "heaviness; something heavy, a weight"
},
"expansion": "Middle English heft (“heaviness; something heavy, a weight”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "weave"
},
"expansion": "English weave",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Late Middle English heft (“heaviness; something heavy, a weight”), from heven (“to lift, raise; to make an effort to lift or raise, heave”) + -th (suffix denoting a condition, quality, state of being, etc., forming nouns), by analogy with the development of weft from weven (modern English weave), etc. (also compare words like cleft from cleave, and theft from thieve, where the development occurred in Old English or earlier languages). The English word is analysable as heave + -t (suffix forming nouns from verbs).\nThe verb is probably derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hefts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hefting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hefted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hefted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "heft (third-person singular simple present hefts, present participle hefting, simple past and past participle hefted)",
"name": "en-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "UK",
"3": "dialectal",
"4": "and",
"5": "US",
"6": "informal"
},
"expansion": "(UK, dialectal and US, informal)",
"name": "term-label"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He hefted the sack of concrete into the truck.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1882, Richard Jefferies, “Shooting with Double-barrels”, in Bevis: The Story of a Boy […], volume III, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, […], →OCLC, page 254:",
"text": "[…] Bevis was to \"heft\" his gun to the shoulder, and only to press it there sufficiently to feel that the butt touched him.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888, Paul Cushing, “A Witness Tells His Tale”, in The Blacksmith of Voe […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], published 1892, →OCLC, page 176:",
"text": "I'd say, put irons on his shackles (wrists), a omber (horse-collar) o' hemp around his neck, sit him on a dung-cart, and drive him aneath th' tawest whoke-tree (oak-tree) in the parish, throw th' t'other end of th' hemp o'er a good stout limb, and let every honest man in Voe lend a hand to heft th' rogue into th' air.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1912, Robert W[illiam] Service, “Athabaska Dick”, in Rhymes of a Rolling Stone, Toronto, Ont.: William Briggs, →OCLC, stanza 1, page 46:",
"text": "And here they must make the long portage, and the boys sweat in the sun; / And they heft and pack, and they haul and track, and each must do his trick; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1932, William Faulkner, chapter 14, in Light in August, [New York, N.Y.]: Harrison Smith & Robert Haas, →OCLC; republished London: Chatto & Windus, 1933, →OCLC, page 308:",
"text": "[H]e found that he was hefting the bench leg, curiously, as though trying its balance, as if he had never touched it before.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To lift or lift up (something, especially a heavy object)."
],
"links": [
[
"lift",
"lift#Verb"
],
[
"lift up",
"lift up"
],
[
"heavy",
"heavy#Adjective"
],
[
"object",
"object#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To lift or lift up (something, especially a heavy object)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hoist"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1894, R[ichard] D[oddridge] Blackmore, “The Potato-field”, in Perlycross: A Tale of the Western Hills, London: Sampson Low, Marston, & Company […], →OCLC, page 58:",
"text": "[H]e took up a root or two [potatoes] here and there, and \"hefted it,\" (that is to say, poised it carefully to judge the weight, as one does a letter for the post) and then stroked the sleek skin lovingly, and put it down gingerly for fear of any bruise.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To test the weight of (something) by lifting."
],
"links": [
[
"test",
"test#Verb"
],
[
"weight",
"weight#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To test the weight of (something) by lifting."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1878, Harriet Beecher Stowe, “The Illumination”, in Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives, New York, N.Y.: Fords, Howard, & Hulbert, →OCLC, pages 34–35:",
"text": "Sim's ben to college, and he's putty smart and chipper. Come to heft him, tho', he don't weigh much 'longside o' Parson Cushing.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To test the weight of (something) by lifting.",
"To evaluate or test (someone or something)."
],
"links": [
[
"test",
"test#Verb"
],
[
"weight",
"weight#Noun"
],
[
"evaluate",
"evaluate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To test the weight of (something) by lifting.",
"(figurative) To evaluate or test (someone or something)."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"figuratively",
"informal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1893, Charlotte M[ary] Yonge, “The Hoard”, in The Treasures in the Marshes, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Thomas Whittaker, […], →OCLC, page 12:",
"text": "\"[I]t's yellow! is it gold?\" / \"My!\" exclaimed his mother, weighing it in her hand, \"I do believe it is. Brass never would heft so much, and would be green. Bless me, Wat, this is a find! Where ever did you come by it? In the gutters, do you say?\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have (substantial) weight; to weigh."
],
"links": [
[
"substantial",
"substantial#Adjective"
],
[
"weigh",
"weigh#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To have (substantial) weight; to weigh."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg/En-us-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zvedat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zvednout"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "heffen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "hijsen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "opheffen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "optillen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "tillen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "nostaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "hisser"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "levar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "sollevare"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"word": "ridica"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podnimátʹ",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "поднима́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podnjátʹ",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "подня́ть"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pidijmáty",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "підійма́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pidnimáty",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "підніма́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pidnjáty",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "підня́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pidijnjáty",
"sense": "to lift or lift up (something) — see also lift",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "підійня́ти"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to test the weight of (something) by lifting",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "potěžkávat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to test the weight of (something) by lifting",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "potěžkat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to test the weight of (something) by lifting",
"word": "wegen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to test the weight of (something) by lifting",
"word": "wikken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to test the weight of (something) by lifting",
"word": "punnita"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -t",
"English verb forms",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛft",
"Rhymes:English/ɛft/1 syllable",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "heave",
"3": "-t",
"pos2": "suffix forming the past and/or past participle forms of verbs"
},
"expansion": "heave + -t (suffix forming the past and/or past participle forms of verbs)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From heave + -t (suffix forming the past and/or past participle forms of verbs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "heft",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "heave"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of heave"
],
"links": [
[
"heave",
"heave#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) simple past and past participle of heave"
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"form-of",
"informal",
"obsolete",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg/En-us-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms borrowed from Scots",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Northern England English",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛft",
"Rhymes:English/ɛft/1 syllable",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"en:Agriculture",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "heft"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "²",
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},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "³",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hefð",
"t": "occupation; possession; prescriptive right"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hefð (“occupation; possession; prescriptive right”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habjaną",
"t": "to have; to hold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have; to hold”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"4": "*kap-, *keh₂p-",
"5": "to hold; to seize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kap-, *keh₂p- (“to hold; to seize”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "heft",
"t": "to cause (cattle or sheep) to become familiar with a pasture; of animals: to become familiar with a pasture; (figurative) of a person: to become settled in an occupation or place"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft (“to cause (cattle or sheep) to become familiar with a pasture; of animals: to become familiar with a pasture; (figurative) of a person: to become settled in an occupation or place”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hefða",
"t": "to acquire prescriptive rights"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hefða (“to acquire prescriptive rights”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "heft",
"t": "(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft (“(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is borrowed from Scots heft, haft (“pasture which sheep are familiar with; attachment of sheep to a pasture; number of sheep grazing on such a pasture; (obsolete) place of residence; situation”), probably from Old Norse hefð (“occupation; possession; prescriptive right”), from hafa (“to have; to keep, retain”), from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have; to hold”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap-, *keh₂p- (“to hold; to seize”).\nThe verb is borrowed from Scots heft (“to cause (cattle or sheep) to become familiar with a pasture; of animals: to become familiar with a pasture; (figurative) of a person: to become settled in an occupation or place”), probably from Old Norse hefða (“to acquire prescriptive rights”), from hefð (noun): see above.\nBoth the noun and verb may have been influenced by Scots heft (“(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hefts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "heft (plural hefts)",
"name": "en-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Northern England",
"3": "Scotland",
"4": "agriculture"
},
"expansion": "(Northern England, Scotland, agriculture)",
"name": "term-label"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter VI, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 147:",
"text": "[S]he came to fetch her [bairn] out of ill haft and waur guiding.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of pastureland which farm animals (chiefly cattle or sheep) have become accustomed to."
],
"links": [
[
"piece",
"piece#Noun"
],
[
"pastureland",
"pastureland"
],
[
"farm animal",
"farm animal"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"accustom",
"accustom"
]
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A flock or group of farm animals (chiefly cattle or sheep) which have become accustomed to a particular piece of pastureland."
],
"links": [
[
"flock",
"flock#Noun"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
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{
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"tags": [
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"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg/En-us-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "haft"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of pastureland which farm animals have become accustomed to",
"word": "tuttu laidun"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "flock or group of farm animals which have become accustomed to a particular piece of pastureland",
"word": "laitumen totutelleet eläimet"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms borrowed from Scots",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Northern England English",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛft",
"Rhymes:English/ɛft/1 syllable",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"en:Agriculture",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
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},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
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"3": "heft"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "³",
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},
{
"args": {
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},
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},
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},
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},
{
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},
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},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habjaną",
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},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
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},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "verb",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "heft",
"t": "to cause (cattle or sheep) to become familiar with a pasture; of animals: to become familiar with a pasture; (figurative) of a person: to become settled in an occupation or place"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft (“to cause (cattle or sheep) to become familiar with a pasture; of animals: to become familiar with a pasture; (figurative) of a person: to become settled in an occupation or place”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
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},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "heft",
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},
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},
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},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is borrowed from Scots heft, haft (“pasture which sheep are familiar with; attachment of sheep to a pasture; number of sheep grazing on such a pasture; (obsolete) place of residence; situation”), probably from Old Norse hefð (“occupation; possession; prescriptive right”), from hafa (“to have; to keep, retain”), from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have; to hold”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap-, *keh₂p- (“to hold; to seize”).\nThe verb is borrowed from Scots heft (“to cause (cattle or sheep) to become familiar with a pasture; of animals: to become familiar with a pasture; (figurative) of a person: to become settled in an occupation or place”), probably from Old Norse hefða (“to acquire prescriptive rights”), from hefð (noun): see above.\nBoth the noun and verb may have been influenced by Scots heft (“(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hefts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hefting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hefted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hefted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Northern England",
"3": "Scotland"
},
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"name": "term-label"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Agriculture"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1898, S[amuel] R[utherford] Crockett, “The Year Terrible”, in The Standard Bearer, London: Methuen and Co. […], →OCLC, page 6:",
"text": "For I had been \"hefting\" (as the business is called in our Galloway land) a double score of lambs which had just been brought from a neighbouring lowland farm to summer upon our scanty upland pastures. Now it is the nature of sheep to return if they can to their mother-hill, or, at least, to stray farther and farther off, seeking some well-known landmark. So, till such new-comers grow satisfied and \"heft\" (or attach) themselves to the soil, they must be watched carefully both night and day.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To accustom (a flock or group of farm animals, chiefly cattle or sheep) to a piece of pastureland."
],
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"accustom",
"accustom"
],
[
"flock",
"flock#Noun"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
],
[
"farm animal",
"farm animal"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
],
[
"piece",
"piece#Noun"
],
[
"pastureland",
"pastureland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(agriculture) To accustom (a flock or group of farm animals, chiefly cattle or sheep) to a piece of pastureland."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1824 June, [Walter Scott], “Letter IX. Alexander Fairford, W.S. to Mr Darsie Latimer.”, in Redgauntlet, […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, page 193:",
"text": "[I]t may be as well that Alan and you do not meet till he is hefted as it were to his new calling.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To establish or settle (someone) in an occupation or place of residence."
],
"links": [
[
"establish",
"establish"
],
[
"settle",
"settle#Verb"
],
[
"occupation",
"occupation"
],
[
"place",
"place#Noun"
],
[
"residence",
"residence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative)",
"To establish or settle (someone) in an occupation or place of residence."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"figuratively",
"informal",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] I had heard him say, that the root of the matter was more deeply hefted in that wild moorland parish than in the Canongate of Edinburgh.",
"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter II, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume IV, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 28:",
"text": "[…] I hae heard him say, that the root of the matter was mair deeply hafted in that wild muirland parish than in the Canogate of Edinburgh.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To establish or plant (something) firmly in a place; to fix, to root, to settle."
],
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant#Verb"
],
[
"firmly",
"firmly"
],
[
"fix",
"fix#Verb"
],
[
"root",
"root#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative)",
"To establish or plant (something) firmly in a place; to fix, to root, to settle."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"figuratively",
"informal",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Of a thing: to establish or settle itself in a place."
],
"links": [
[
"thing",
"thing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, reflexive) Of a thing: to establish or settle itself in a place."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal",
"intransitive",
"reflexive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg/En-us-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "haft"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to accustom (a flock or group of farm animals) to a piece of pastureland",
"word": "totutella"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms borrowed from Scots",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap- (seize)",
"English transitive verbs",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛft",
"Rhymes:English/ɛft/1 syllable",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"id": "seize"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "heft"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "4"
},
"expansion": "⁴",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hepta",
"t": "to bind; to hinder, impede; to hold back, restrain"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hepta (“to bind; to hinder, impede; to hold back, restrain”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haftijaną",
"t": "to bind; to secure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haftijaną (“to bind; to secure”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"t": "to hold, seize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“to hold, seize”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "4"
},
"expansion": "⁴",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Scots heft, from Old Norse hepta (“to bind; to hinder, impede; to hold back, restrain”), from Proto-Germanic *haftijaną (“to bind; to secure”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“to hold, seize”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hefts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hefting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hefted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hefted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "heft (third-person singular simple present hefts, present participle hefting, simple past and past participle hefted)",
"name": "en-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "transitive",
"3": "chiefly",
"4": "Scotland",
"5": "usually",
"6": "passive voice"
},
"expansion": "(transitive, chiefly Scotland, usually passive voice)",
"name": "term-label"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Agriculture"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1844, Henry Stephens, “Of Cows Calving, and of Calves”, in The Book of the Farm, […], volume II, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, paragraph 2106, page 460:",
"text": "You also see the impropriety of hefting or holding the milk in cows until the udder is distended much beyond its ordinary size, for the sake of shewing its utmost capacity for holding milk, a device which all cow-dealers, and indeed every one who has a cow for sale in a market, scrupulously uses. […] [E]very farmer is surely aware, or ought to be aware, that the person who purchases a hefted cow on account of the magnitude of its udder exhibited in the market, gains nothing by the device; because, when the cow comes into his possession, she will never be hefted, and, of course, never shew the greatest magnitude of udder, and never, of course, confer the benefit for which she was bought in preference to others with udders in a more natural state. If, then, purchasers derive no benefit from hefting, because they do not allow hefting, why do they encourage so cruel and afterwards injurious practice in dealers?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1922, Patrick MacGill, “The Inaugural Dinner”, in Lanty Hanlon: A Comedy of Irish Life, Dingle, Co. Kerry, Ireland: Brandon Book Publishers, published 1983, →ISBN, section III, page 259:",
"text": "The heavy udders of hefted cows trailed on the ground, dripping milk on the greensward. Stray cattle ate the rich grass.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (milk) to be held in a cow's udder until the latter becomes hard and swollen, either by not milking the cow or by stopping up the teats, to make the cow look healthy; also, to cause (a cow) to have an udder in this condition."
],
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"cause",
"cause#Verb"
],
[
"milk",
"milk#Noun"
],
[
"held",
"hold#Verb"
],
[
"cow",
"cow#Noun"
],
[
"udder",
"udder"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"hard",
"hard#Adjective"
],
[
"swollen",
"swollen#Adjective"
],
[
"milking",
"milk#Verb"
],
[
"stopping up",
"stop up"
],
[
"teat",
"teat"
],
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"look",
"look#Verb"
],
[
"healthy",
"healthy"
],
[
"condition",
"condition#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(agriculture) To cause (milk) to be held in a cow's udder until the latter becomes hard and swollen, either by not milking the cow or by stopping up the teats, to make the cow look healthy; also, to cause (a cow) to have an udder in this condition."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To cause (urine) to be held in a person's bladder."
],
"links": [
[
"urine",
"urine"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"bladder",
"bladder"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) To cause (urine) to be held in a person's bladder."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"broadly",
"dialectal",
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg/En-us-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause (milk) to be held in a cow’s udder until the latter becomes hard and swollen",
"word": "jättää lypsämättä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause (urine) to be held in a person’s bladder",
"word": "pidätellä"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛft",
"Rhymes:English/ɛft/1 syllable",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Heft",
"t": "issue of a serial publication, number; magazine; notebook; notepad"
},
"expansion": "German Heft (“issue of a serial publication, number; magazine; notebook; notepad”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "back-formation"
},
"expansion": "back-formation",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haftijaną",
"t": "to bind; to secure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haftijaną (“to bind; to secure”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Heft (“issue of a serial publication, number; magazine; notebook; notepad”), a back-formation from heften (“to fasten”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *haftijaną (“to bind; to secure”): see further at etymology 4.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hefts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "heft (plural hefts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A number of sheets of paper fastened together, as to form a book or a notebook."
],
"links": [
[
"number",
"number#Noun"
],
[
"sheets",
"sheet#Noun"
],
[
"paper",
"paper#Noun"
],
[
"fasten",
"fasten"
],
[
"form",
"form#Verb"
],
[
"book",
"book#Noun"
],
[
"notebook",
"notebook"
]
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1900 January 25, “Notes”, in The Nation, volume 70, number 1804, New York, N.Y.: Nation Associates, →ISSN, →OCLC, page LXX, column 1:",
"text": "Such an organ is now to be published by the house of J[oseph] Ricker, in Giessen, Ephemeris für Semitische Epigraphik, edited by Dr. Mark Lidzbarki.^([sic]) […] The size of the \"hefts\" will depend on the material requiring attention, and the annual volume is to cost about 15 marks.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A part of a serial publication; a fascicle, an issue, a number."
],
"links": [
[
"part",
"part#Noun"
],
[
"serial",
"serial#Adjective"
],
[
"publication",
"publication"
],
[
"fascicle",
"fascicle"
],
[
"issue",
"issue#Noun"
],
[
"number",
"number#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"US",
"dialectal",
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-heft.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg/En-us-heft.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-heft.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "number of sheets of paper fastened together",
"word": "nidos"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "de",
"3": "Heft"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Heft",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Heft.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "heftk",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "herfcëk",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "csb-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hëft",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftóm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hëft",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftã",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hëfce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hëft",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hëfce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hëftë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"dim": "heftk",
"dim2": "herfcëk"
},
"expansion": "heft m inan (diminutive heftk or herfcëk)",
"name": "csb-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"heft"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hëft",
"10": "hëftóm",
"11": "hëftë",
"12": "hëftama",
"13": "hëftach",
"14": "hëftë",
"2": "hëftu",
"3": "hëftowi",
"4": "hëft",
"5": "hëftã",
"6": "hëfce",
"7": "hëft/hëfce",
"8": "hëftë",
"9": "hëftów"
},
"name": "csb-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kashubian entries with incorrect language header",
"Kashubian inanimate nouns",
"Kashubian lemmas",
"Kashubian masculine nouns",
"Kashubian nouns",
"Kashubian terms borrowed from German",
"Kashubian terms derived from German",
"Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Kashubian/ɛft",
"Rhymes:Kashubian/ɛft/1 syllable"
],
"glosses": [
"notebook"
],
"links": [
[
"notebook",
"notebook"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zesziwk"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɛft/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛft"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "heft"
},
"expansion": "English: heft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: heft"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "heifteen",
"alts": "1",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Yola: heifteen, heiftem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Yola: heifteen, heiftem"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From heven, on the model of weven and weft.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "heftis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "heft",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "heftis"
},
"expansion": "heft (plural heftis)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Late Middle English",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"weight"
],
"links": [
[
"weight",
"weight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Middle English, rare) weight"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛft/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hefte"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*haptá"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *haptá",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*saptá"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *saptá",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*septḿ̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬵𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬀 (hapta)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "هفت",
"tr": "haft"
},
"expansion": "Persian هفت (haft)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "авд"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian авд (avd)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "اووه",
"tr": "uwə"
},
"expansion": "Pashto اووه (uwə)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Iranian *haptá, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *saptá, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥. Compare Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬀 (hapta), Persian هفت (haft), Ossetian авд (avd), Pashto اووه (uwə).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "numeral"
},
"expansion": "heft",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Northern Kurdish cardinal numbers",
"Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Kurdish lemmas",
"Northern Kurdish numerals",
"Northern Kurdish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Northern Kurdish terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Northern Kurdish terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Northern Kurdish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Northern Kurdish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Northern Kurdish terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"seven"
],
"links": [
[
"seven",
"seven"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ħæft/"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*keh₂p-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the verb hefte.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "heftet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "heft",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hefta",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"encumberment"
],
"links": [
[
"encumberment",
"encumberment"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*keh₂p-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the verb hefte.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "heft",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "hefta"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of hefta"
],
"links": [
[
"hefta",
"hefta#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots nouns",
"Scots terms derived from Old Norse",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Scots terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap- (seize)",
"Scots verbs",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"id": "seize"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "non",
"3": "hefð",
"t": "occupation; possession; prescriptive right"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hefð (“occupation; possession; prescriptive right”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habjaną",
"t": "to have; to hold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have; to hold”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"4": "*kap-, *keh₂p-",
"5": "to hold; to seize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kap-, *keh₂p- (“to hold; to seize”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "non",
"3": "hefða",
"t": "to acquire prescriptive rights"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hefða (“to acquire prescriptive rights”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "heft",
"t": "(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft (“(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is probably derived from Old Norse hefð (“occupation; possession; prescriptive right”), from hafa (“to have; to keep, retain”), from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have; to hold”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap-, *keh₂p- (“to hold; to seize”).\nThe verb is probably derived from Old Norse hefða (“to acquire prescriptive rights”), from hefð (noun): see above.\nBoth the noun and verb may have been influenced by Scots heft (“(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "heft",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "agriculture"
},
"expansion": "(agriculture)",
"name": "term-label"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Scots terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter VI, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume II (in English), Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 147:",
"text": "[S]he came to fetch her [bairn] out of ill haft and waur guiding.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of pastureland which farm animals (chiefly cattle or sheep) have become accustomed to."
],
"links": [
[
"piece",
"piece#Noun"
],
[
"pastureland",
"pastureland"
],
[
"farm animal",
"farm animal"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"accustom",
"accustom"
]
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A flock or group of farm animals (chiefly cattle or sheep) which have become accustomed to a particular piece of pastureland."
],
"links": [
[
"flock",
"flock#Noun"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
]
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "haft"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots nouns",
"Scots terms derived from Old Norse",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Scots terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap- (seize)",
"Scots verbs",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"id": "seize"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "non",
"3": "hefð",
"t": "occupation; possession; prescriptive right"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hefð (“occupation; possession; prescriptive right”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habjaną",
"t": "to have; to hold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have; to hold”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"4": "*kap-, *keh₂p-",
"5": "to hold; to seize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kap-, *keh₂p- (“to hold; to seize”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "non",
"3": "hefða",
"t": "to acquire prescriptive rights"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hefða (“to acquire prescriptive rights”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "heft",
"t": "(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle"
},
"expansion": "Scots heft (“(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is probably derived from Old Norse hefð (“occupation; possession; prescriptive right”), from hafa (“to have; to keep, retain”), from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have; to hold”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap-, *keh₂p- (“to hold; to seize”).\nThe verb is probably derived from Old Norse hefða (“to acquire prescriptive rights”), from hefð (noun): see above.\nBoth the noun and verb may have been influenced by Scots heft (“(noun) handle of an implement, haft; (verb) to fit (an implement) with a handle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hefts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "heftin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "heftit",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heftit",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "heftit",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "hefts",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "heftin",
"7": "simple past",
"8": "heftit",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "heft (third-person singular simple present hefts, present participle heftin, simple past heftit, past participle heftit)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hefts",
"2": "heftin",
"3": "heftit"
},
"expansion": "heft (third-person singular simple present hefts, present participle heftin, simple past heftit, past participle heftit)",
"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Scots transitive verbs",
"sco:Agriculture"
],
"glosses": [
"To accustom (a flock or group of farm animals, chiefly cattle or sheep) to a piece of pastureland."
],
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"accustom",
"accustom"
],
[
"flock",
"flock#Noun"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
],
[
"farm animal",
"farm animal"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
],
[
"piece",
"piece#Noun"
],
[
"pastureland",
"pastureland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(agriculture) To accustom (a flock or group of farm animals, chiefly cattle or sheep) to a piece of pastureland."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Scots transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To establish or settle (someone) in an occupation or place of residence."
],
"links": [
[
"establish",
"establish"
],
[
"settle",
"settle#Verb"
],
[
"occupation",
"occupation"
],
[
"place",
"place#Noun"
],
[
"residence",
"residence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative)",
"To establish or settle (someone) in an occupation or place of residence."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Scots terms with quotations",
"Scots transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] I had heard him say, that the root of the matter was more deeply hefted in that wild moorland parish than in the Canongate of Edinburgh.",
"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter II, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume IV (in English), Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 28:",
"text": "[…] I hae heard him say, that the root of the matter was mair deeply hafted in that wild muirland parish than in the Canogate of Edinburgh.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To establish or plant (something) firmly in a place; to fix, to root, to settle."
],
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant#Verb"
],
[
"firmly",
"firmly"
],
[
"fix",
"fix#Verb"
],
[
"root",
"root#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative)",
"To establish or plant (something) firmly in a place; to fix, to root, to settle."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Scots intransitive verbs",
"Scots reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Of a thing: to establish or settle itself in a place."
],
"links": [
[
"thing",
"thing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, reflexive) Of a thing: to establish or settle itself in a place."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"reflexive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "haft"
}
],
"word": "heft"
}
Download raw JSONL data for heft meaning in All languages combined (72.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (b941637 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.